e10vq
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
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þ |
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QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the Quarterly Period Ended March 31, 2011
or
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o |
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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the Transition Period from to
Commission file number 1-7657
AMERICAN EXPRESS COMPANY
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
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New York
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13-4922250 |
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(State or other jurisdiction of
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(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
incorporation or organization) |
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World Financial Center, 200 Vesey Street, New York, NY
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10285 |
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(Address of principal executive offices)
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(Zip Code) |
Registrants
telephone number, including area code (212) 640-2000
None
Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by
Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for
such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been
subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its
corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted
pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months
(or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a
non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of large accelerated
filer, accelerated filer and smaller reporting company in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
(Check one):
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Large accelerated filer þ
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Accelerated filer o
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Non-accelerated filer o
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Smaller reporting company o |
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(Do not check if a smaller reporting company) |
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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the
Exchange Act).
Yes o No þ
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuers classes of common stock, as of
the latest practicable date.
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Class
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Outstanding at April 29, 2011 |
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Common Shares (par value $.20 per share)
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1,202,154,248 shares |
AMERICAN EXPRESS COMPANY
FORM 10-Q
INDEX
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
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ITEM 1. |
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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
AMERICAN EXPRESS COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(Unaudited)
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Three Months Ended March 31 (Millions, except per share amounts) |
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2011 |
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2010 |
Revenues |
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Non-interest revenues |
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Discount revenue |
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$ |
3,902 |
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$ |
3,422 |
Net card fees |
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537 |
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521 |
Travel commissions and fees |
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454 |
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385 |
Other commissions and fees |
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529 |
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500 |
Other |
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475 |
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425 |
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Total non-interest revenues |
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5,897 |
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5,253 |
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Interest income |
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Interest and fees on loans |
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1,619 |
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1,775 |
Interest and dividends on investment securities |
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88 |
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117 |
Deposits with banks and other |
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20 |
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13 |
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Total interest income |
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1,727 |
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1,905 |
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Interest expense |
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Deposits |
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137 |
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128 |
Short-term borrowings |
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1 |
Long-term debt and other |
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456 |
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469 |
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Total interest expense |
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593 |
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598 |
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Net interest income |
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1,134 |
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1,307 |
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Total revenues net of interest expense |
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7,031 |
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6,560 |
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Provisions for losses |
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Charge card |
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198 |
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227 |
Cardmember loans |
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(120 |
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688 |
Other |
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19 |
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28 |
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Total provisions for losses |
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97 |
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943 |
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Total revenues net of interest expense after provisions for losses |
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6,934 |
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5,617 |
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Expenses |
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Marketing, promotion, rewards and cardmember services |
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2,450 |
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1,987 |
Salaries and employee benefits |
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1,522 |
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1,327 |
Professional services |
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663 |
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561 |
Other, net |
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567 |
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490 |
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Total |
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5,202 |
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4,365 |
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Income before income tax provision |
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1,732 |
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1,252 |
Income tax provision |
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555 |
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367 |
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Net income |
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$ |
1,177 |
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$ |
885 |
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Earnings per Common Share: (Note 13)(a) |
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Basic |
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$ |
0.98 |
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$ |
0.74 |
Diluted |
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$ |
0.97 |
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$ |
0.73 |
Average common shares outstanding for earnings per common share: |
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Basic |
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1,192 |
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1,185 |
Diluted |
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1,198 |
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1,191 |
Cash
dividends declared per common share |
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$ |
0.18 |
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$ |
0.18 |
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(a) |
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Represents net income less earnings allocated to participating share awards and other items
of $14 million and $12 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010,
respectively. |
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
1
AMERICAN EXPRESS COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)
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March 31, |
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December 31, |
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(Millions, except per share data) |
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2011 |
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2010 |
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Assets |
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Cash and cash equivalents |
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Cash and cash due from banks |
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$ |
1,927 |
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$ |
2,145 |
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Interest-bearing deposits in other banks (including securities purchased
under resale agreements: 2011, $434; 2010, $372) |
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19,549 |
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13,557 |
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Short-term investment securities |
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551 |
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654 |
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Total |
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22,027 |
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16,356 |
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Accounts receivable |
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Cardmember receivables (includes gross receivables available to settle obligations of a
consolidated variable interest entity: 2011, $7,256; 2010, $8,192),
less reserves: 2011, $421; 2010, $386 |
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37,229 |
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36,880 |
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Other receivables, less reserves: 2011, $145; 2010, $175 |
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3,557 |
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3,554 |
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Loans |
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Cardmember loans, (includes gross loans available to settle obligations of a consolidated
variable interest entity: 2011, $32,033; 2010, $34,726), less reserves: 2011,
$2,921; 2010, $3,646 |
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54,842 |
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57,204 |
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Other loans, less reserves: 2011, $20; 2010, $24 |
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390 |
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412 |
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Investment securities |
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10,502 |
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14,010 |
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Premises and equipment at cost, less accumulated depreciation: 2011, $4,682; 2010, $4,483 |
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2,987 |
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2,905 |
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Other assets (includes restricted cash of consolidated variable interest entities: 2011, $330; 2010, $3,759) |
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12,445 |
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15,368 |
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Total assets |
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$ |
143,979 |
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$ |
146,689 |
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Liabilities and Shareholders Equity |
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Liabilities |
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Customer deposits |
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$ |
31,756 |
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$ |
29,727 |
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Travelers Cheques outstanding |
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5,274 |
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5,618 |
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Accounts payable |
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10,118 |
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9,691 |
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Short-term borrowings |
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3,375 |
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3,414 |
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Long-term debt (includes debt issued by consolidated variable interest
entities: 2011, $17,611; 2010, $23,341) |
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60,730 |
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66,416 |
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Other liabilities |
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15,244 |
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15,593 |
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Total liabilities |
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126,497 |
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130,459 |
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Contingencies (Note 15) |
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Shareholders Equity |
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Common shares, $0.20 par value, authorized 3.6 billion shares; issued and outstanding
1,202 million shares as of March 31, 2011 and 1,197 million shares as of December 31, 2010 |
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240 |
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238 |
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Additional paid-in capital |
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12,189 |
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11,937 |
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Retained earnings |
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5,902 |
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4,972 |
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Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income |
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Net unrealized securities gains, net of tax: 2011, $(16); 2010, $(19) |
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58 |
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57 |
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Net unrealized derivatives losses, net of tax: 2011, $3; 2010, $4 |
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(3 |
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(7 |
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Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax: 2011, $525; 2010, $405 |
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(437 |
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(503 |
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Net unrealized pension and other postretirement benefit losses, net of tax: 2011, $232; 2010, $226 |
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(467 |
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(464 |
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Total accumulated other comprehensive loss |
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(849 |
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(917 |
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Total shareholders equity |
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17,482 |
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16,230 |
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Total liabilities and shareholders equity |
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$ |
143,979 |
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$ |
146,689 |
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See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
2
AMERICAN EXPRESS COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
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Three Months Ended March 31 (Millions) |
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2011 |
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2010 |
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Cash Flows from Operating Activities |
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Net income |
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$ |
1,177 |
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$ |
885 |
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Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: |
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Provisions for losses |
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97 |
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943 |
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Depreciation and amortization |
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227 |
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221 |
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Deferred taxes and other |
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(129 |
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149 |
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Stock-based compensation |
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76 |
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64 |
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Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of
acquisitions and dispositions: |
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Other receivables |
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29 |
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278 |
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Other assets |
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(171 |
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(25 |
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Accounts payable and other liabilities |
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(157 |
) |
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202 |
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Travelers Cheques outstanding |
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(398 |
) |
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(455 |
) |
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Net cash provided by operating activities |
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751 |
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2,262 |
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Cash Flows from Investing Activities |
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Sale of investments |
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589 |
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720 |
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Maturity and redemption of investments |
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3,204 |
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3,917 |
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Purchase of investments |
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(272 |
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(2,293 |
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Net decrease in cardmember loans/receivables |
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2,522 |
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2,636 |
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Purchase of premises and equipment, net of sales: 2011, $2; 2010, $6 |
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(255 |
) |
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(147 |
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Acquisitions/Dispositions, net of cash acquired |
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(577 |
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(254 |
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Net decrease in restricted cash |
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3,452 |
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3,101 |
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Net cash provided by investing activities |
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8,663 |
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7,680 |
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Cash Flows from Financing Activities |
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Net increase in customer deposits |
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2,011 |
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1,823 |
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Net decrease in short-term borrowings |
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(122 |
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(379 |
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Issuance of long-term debt |
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117 |
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Principal payments on long-term debt |
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(5,731 |
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(5,127 |
) |
Issuance of American Express common shares |
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229 |
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121 |
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Dividends paid |
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(217 |
) |
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(216 |
) |
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Net cash used in financing activities |
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(3,830 |
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(3,661 |
) |
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Effect of exchange rate changes on cash |
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87 |
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28 |
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Net increase in cash and cash equivalents |
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5,671 |
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6,309 |
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Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period |
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16,356 |
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16,599 |
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Cash and cash equivalents at end of period |
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$ |
22,027 |
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$ |
22,908 |
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See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
3
AMERICAN EXPRESS COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
1. Basis of Presentation
The Company
American Express is a global service company that provides customers with access to products,
insights and experiences that enrich lives and build business success. The Companys principal
products and services are charge and credit payment card products and travel-related services
offered to consumers and businesses around the world. The Company has also recently focused on
generating alternative sources of revenue on a global basis in areas such as online and mobile
payments and fee-based services. The Companys various products and services are sold globally to
diverse customer groups, including consumers, small businesses, mid-sized companies and large
corporations. These products and services are sold through various channels, including direct mail,
on-line applications, targeted direct and third-party sales forces and direct response advertising.
The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the financial
statements incorporated by reference in the Annual Report on Form 10-K of American Express Company
(the Company) for the year ended December 31, 2010 (2010 Form 10-K).
The interim consolidated financial information in this report has not been audited. In the opinion
of management, all adjustments necessary for a fair statement of the consolidated financial
position and the consolidated results of operations for the interim periods have been made. All
adjustments made were of a normal, recurring nature. Results of operations reported for interim
periods are not necessarily indicative of results for the entire year.
Beginning the first quarter of 2011, certain payments to business partners previously expensed in
other, net expense have been reclassified as contra-revenue within
total non-interest revenues or as marketing
and promotion expense. These partner payments are primarily related to certain co-brand contracts
where upfront payments are amortized over the life of the contract. Amounts in prior periods for
this item and certain other amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current presentation
and are insignificant to the affected line items. In addition, the Company reclassified $353
million, reducing both cash and cash due from banks, and other liabilities, on the December 31, 2010
Consolidated Balance Sheet from amounts previously reported to correct for the effect of a
misclassification. Also, refer to Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the
Companys Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2010 for a description of changes made to
certain line items in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31,
2010 to correct the effects of certain misclassifications.
Accounting estimates are an integral part of the Consolidated Financial Statements. These estimates
are based, in part, on managements assumptions concerning future events. Among the more
significant assumptions are those that relate to reserves for cardmember losses relating to loans
and charge card receivables, reserves for Membership Rewards costs, fair value measurement,
goodwill and income taxes. These accounting estimates reflect the best judgment of management, but
actual results could differ.
4
AMERICAN EXPRESS COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
2. Acquisitions
During the first quarter of 2011, the Company completed the acquisition of a controlling interest
in Loyalty Partner (March 1, 2011) for total consideration of $616 million ($585 million plus $31
million in cash acquired). In addition, the Company may acquire the remaining noncontrolling equity
interest (NCI) over the next five years at a price based on business performance, which currently
has an estimated fair value of $150 million. Loyalty Partner is a leading marketing services
company known for the loyalty programs it operates in Germany, Poland and India. Loyalty Partner
also provides market analysis, operating platforms and consulting services that help merchants grow
their businesses.
The Company purchased Accertify (November 10, 2010) and Revolution Money (January 15, 2010) for
total consideration of $151 million and $305 million, respectively. Accertify is an on-line fraud
solution provider, and Revolution Money, which was subsequently rebranded by the Company as Serve,
is a provider of secure person-to-person payment services through an internet-based platform.
These acquisitions did not have a significant impact on either the Companys consolidated results
of operations or the segments in which they are reflected for the three months ended March 31, 2011
and 2010.
The following table summarizes the assets acquired and liabilities assumed for these acquisitions
as of the acquisition dates:
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Loyalty |
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Revolution |
(Millions) |
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Partner |
(a) |
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Accertify |
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Money |
Goodwill |
|
$ |
496 |
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|
$ |
131 |
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$ |
184 |
Definite-lived intangible assets |
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|
332 |
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|
15 |
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|
119 |
All other assets |
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|
216 |
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|
11 |
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7 |
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Total assets |
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1,044 |
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|
|
157 |
|
|
|
310 |
Total liabilities (including NCI) |
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428 |
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6 |
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5 |
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Net assets acquired |
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$ |
616 |
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$ |
151 |
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$ |
305 |
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Reportable operating segment |
|
ICS |
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GNMS |
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Corporate & Other |
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(a) |
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The purchase price allocation will be finalized in a subsequent quarter. |
3. Fair Values
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a
liability (an exit price) in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement
date, and is based on the Companys principal or most advantageous market for the specific asset or
liability.
U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) provide for a three-level hierarchy of inputs
to valuation techniques used to measure fair value, defined as follows:
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Level 1 Inputs that are quoted
prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in
active markets. |
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Level 2 Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability,
either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the
asset or liability, including: |
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- |
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Quoted prices for similar assets or
liabilities in active markets |
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- |
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Quoted prices for identical or similar
assets or liabilities in markets that are not active |
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|
- |
|
Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability |
|
|
- |
|
Inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by
correlation or other means |
5
AMERICAN EXPRESS COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
|
|
|
|
Level 3 Inputs that are unobservable and reflect the Companys own assumptions about the
assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability based on the best
information available in the circumstances (e.g., internally derived assumptions surrounding
the timing and amount of expected cash flows). |
Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities Carried at Fair Value
The following table summarizes the Companys financial assets and financial liabilities measured at
fair value on a recurring basis, categorized by GAAPs valuation hierarchy (as described in the
preceding paragraphs), as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
(Millions) |
|
Total |
|
|
Level 1 |
|
|
Level 2 |
|
|
Total |
|
|
Level 1 |
|
|
Level 2 |
Assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment securities:(a) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Equity securities |
|
$ |
528 |
|
|
$ |
528 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
475 |
|
|
$ |
475 |
|
|
$ |
|
Debt securities and other |
|
|
9,974 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9,974 |
|
|
|
13,535 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13,535 |
Derivatives(b) |
|
|
930 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
930 |
|
|
|
1,089 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,089 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets |
|
$ |
11,432 |
|
|
$ |
528 |
|
|
$ |
10,904 |
|
|
$ |
15,099 |
|
|
$ |
475 |
|
|
$ |
14,624 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Derivatives(b) |
|
$ |
280 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
280 |
|
|
$ |
419 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
419 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities |
|
$ |
280 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
280 |
|
|
$ |
419 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
419 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(a) |
|
Refer to Note 6 for the fair values of investment securities on a further disaggregated
basis. |
|
(b) |
|
Refer to Note 9 for the fair values of derivative assets and liabilities on a further
disaggregated basis and the netting of derivative assets and derivative liabilities when a
legally enforceable master netting agreement exists between the Company and its derivative
counterparty. These balances have been presented gross in the table
above. |
The Company did not measure any financial instruments at fair value using significantly
unobservable inputs (Level 3) during the three months ended March 31, 2011 or during the year ended
December 31, 2010, nor were there transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the valuation hierarchy
during those periods.
GAAP requires disclosure of the estimated fair value of all financial instruments. A financial
instrument is defined as cash, evidence of an ownership in an entity, or a contract between two
entities to deliver cash or another financial instrument or to exchange other financial
instruments. The disclosure requirements for the fair value of financial instruments exclude
leases, equity method investments, affiliate investments, pension and benefit obligations,
insurance contracts and all non-financial instruments.
Valuation Techniques Used in Measuring Fair Value
For the financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis (categorized
in the valuation hierarchy table above) the Company applies the following valuation techniques to
measure fair value:
Investment Securities
|
|
When available, quoted market prices in active markets are used to determine fair value.
Such investment securities are classified within Level 1 of the fair
value hierarchy. |
|
|
|
When quoted prices in an active market are not available, the fair values for the Companys
investment securities are obtained primarily from pricing services engaged by the Company, and
the Company receives one price for each security. The fair values provided by the pricing
services are estimated using pricing models, where the inputs to those models are based on
observable market inputs. The inputs to the valuation techniques applied by the pricing
services vary depending on the type of security being priced but are typically benchmark
yields, benchmark security prices, credit spreads, prepayment speeds, reported trades and
broker-dealer quotes, all with reasonable levels of transparency. The
pricing |
6
AMERICAN EXPRESS COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
|
|
services did not apply any adjustments to the pricing models used. In addition, the Company did
not apply any adjustments to prices received from the pricing services. The Company classifies
the prices obtained from the pricing services within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy because
the underlying inputs are directly observable from active markets or recent trades of similar
securities in inactive markets. However, the pricing models used do entail a certain amount of
subjectivity and therefore differing judgments in how the underlying inputs are modeled could
result in different estimates of fair value.
|
The Company reaffirms its understanding of the valuation techniques used by its pricing services at
least annually. In addition, the Company corroborates the prices provided by its pricing services
to test their reasonableness by comparing their prices to valuations from different pricing sources
as well as comparing prices to the sale prices received from sold securities. Refer to Note 6 for
additional fair value information.
Derivative Financial Instruments
The fair value of the Companys derivative financial instruments, which could be assets or
liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, is estimated by a third-party valuation service
that uses proprietary pricing models, or by internal pricing models. The pricing models do not
contain a high level of subjectivity as the valuation techniques used do not require significant
judgment, and inputs to those models are readily observable from actively quoted markets. The
pricing models used are consistently applied and reflect the contractual terms of the derivatives,
including the period of maturity, and market-based parameters such as interest rates, foreign
exchange rates, equity indices or prices, and volatility.
Credit valuation adjustments are necessary when the market parameters, such as a benchmark curve,
used to value derivatives are not indicative of the credit quality of the Company or its
counterparties. The Company considers the counterparty credit risk by applying an observable
forecasted default rate to the current exposure. Refer to Note 9 for additional fair value
information.
Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities Carried at Other Than Fair Value
The following table discloses the estimated fair value for the Companys financial assets and
financial liabilities that are not carried at fair value, as of March 31, 2011 and December 31,
2010:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
|
Carrying |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
Carrying |
|
|
Fair |
|
(Billions) |
|
Value |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Value |
|
Financial Assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Assets for which carrying values equal or
approximate fair value |
|
$ |
64 |
|
|
$ |
64 |
(a) |
|
$ |
61 |
|
|
$ |
61 |
(b) |
Loans, net |
|
$ |
55 |
|
|
$ |
56 |
(a) |
|
$ |
58 |
|
|
$ |
58 |
(b) |
Financial Liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liabilities for which carrying values equal or
approximate fair value |
|
$ |
46 |
|
|
$ |
46 |
|
|
$ |
43 |
|
|
$ |
43 |
|
Certificates of deposit |
|
$ |
11 |
|
|
$ |
11 |
|
|
$ |
13 |
|
|
$ |
13 |
|
Long-term debt |
|
$ |
61 |
|
|
$ |
63 |
(a) |
|
$ |
66 |
|
|
$ |
69 |
(b) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(a) |
|
Includes fair values of cardmember receivables and loans of $7.2 billion and $30.9 billion,
respectively, available to settle obligations of consolidated variable interest entities (VIE)
and long-term debt of $17.9 billion issued by consolidated VIEs as of March 31, 2011. Refer
to the Consolidated Balance Sheets for the related carrying
values. |
|
(b) |
|
Includes fair values of cardmember receivables and loans of $8.1 billion and $33.2 billion,
respectively, available to settle obligations of consolidated VIEs and long-term debt of $23.6
billion issued by consolidated VIEs as of December 31, 2010. Refer to the Consolidated
Balance Sheets for the related carrying values. |
7
AMERICAN EXPRESS COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
The fair values of these financial instruments are estimates based upon the market conditions
and perceived risks as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, and require management judgment.
These figures may not be indicative of their future fair values. The fair value of the Company
cannot be reliably estimated by aggregating the amounts presented.
The following methods were used to determine estimated fair values:
Financial Assets for Which Carrying Values Equal or Approximate Fair Value
Financial assets for which carrying values equal or approximate fair value include cash and cash
equivalents, cardmember receivables, accrued interest and certain other assets. For these assets,
the carrying values approximate fair value because they are short term in duration or variable rate
in nature.
Financial Assets Carried at Other Than Fair Value
Loans, net
Loans are recorded at historical cost, less reserves, on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. In
estimating the fair value for the Companys loans the principal market is assumed to be the
securitization market, and the Company uses the hypothetical securitization price to determine the
fair value of the portfolio. The securitization price is estimated from the assumed proceeds of the
hypothetical securitization in the current market, adjusted for securitization uncertainties such
as market conditions and liquidity.
Financial Liabilities for Which Carrying Values Equal or Approximate Fair Value
Financial liabilities for which carrying values equal or approximate fair value include accrued
interest, customer deposits (excluding certificates of deposit, which are described further below),
Travelers Cheques outstanding, short-term borrowings and certain other liabilities for which the
carrying values approximate fair value because they are short term in duration, variable rate in
nature or have no defined maturity.
Financial Liabilities Carried at Other Than Fair Value
Certificates of Deposit
Certificates of deposit (CDs) are recorded at their historical issuance cost on the Consolidated
Balance Sheets. Fair value is estimated using a discounted cash flow methodology based on the
Companys current borrowing rates for similar types of CDs.
Long-term Debt
Long-term debt is recorded at historical issuance cost on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Fair
value is estimated using either quoted market prices or discounted cash flows based on the
Companys current borrowing rates for similar types of borrowings.
8
AMERICAN EXPRESS COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
4. Accounts Receivable and Loans
The Companys charge and lending payment card products result in the generation of cardmember
receivables (from charge payment products) and cardmember loans (from lending payment products)
described below.
Cardmember and Other Receivables
Cardmember receivables, representing amounts due from charge payment product customers, are
recorded at the time a cardmember enters into a point-of-sale transaction with a merchant. Charge
card customers generally must pay the full amount billed each month. Each charge card transaction
is authorized based on its likely economics reflecting a cardmembers most recent credit
information and spend patterns. Global limits are established to limit maximum exposure for high
risk and some high spend charge cardmembers. Accounts of high risk, out-of-pattern charge
cardmembers can be monitored even if they are current.
Cardmember receivable balances are presented on the Consolidated Balance Sheets net of reserves for
losses (refer to Note 5), and include principal and any related accrued fees.
Accounts receivable as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010 were as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Millions) |
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
U.S. Card Services(a) |
|
$ |
17,614 |
|
|
$ |
19,155 |
International Card Services |
|
|
6,547 |
|
|
|
6,673 |
Global Commercial Services(b) |
|
|
13,287 |
|
|
|
11,259 |
Global Network & Merchant Services(c) |
|
|
202 |
|
|
|
179 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cardmember receivables, gross(d) |
|
|
37,650 |
|
|
|
37,266 |
Less: Cardmember reserve for losses |
|
|
421 |
|
|
|
386 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cardmember receivables, net |
|
$ |
37,229 |
|
|
$ |
36,880 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other receivables, net(e) |
|
$ |
3,557 |
|
|
$ |
3,554 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(a) |
|
Includes $6.7 billion and $7.7 billion of gross cardmember receivables available to
settle obligations of a consolidated VIE as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010,
respectively. |
|
(b) |
|
Includes $0.6 billion and $0.5 billion of gross cardmember receivables available to settle
obligations of a consolidated VIE as of March 31, 2011 and
December 31, 2010. |
|
(c) |
|
Includes receivables primarily related to the Companys International Currency Card
portfolios. |
|
(d) |
|
Includes approximately $12.2 billion and $11.7 billion of cardmember receivables outside the
United States as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010,
respectively. |
|
(e) |
|
Other receivables primarily represent amounts for tax-related receivables, amounts due from
the Companys travel customers and suppliers, purchased joint venture receivables, third-party
issuing partners, amounts due from certain merchants for billed discount revenue, accrued
interest on investments and other receivables due to the Company in the ordinary course of
business. |
Cardmember and Other Loans
Cardmember loans, representing amounts due from lending payment product customers, are recorded at
the time a cardmember enters into a point-of-sale transaction with a merchant or when a charge card
customer enters into an extended payment arrangement. The Companys lending portfolios primarily
include revolving loans to cardmembers obtained through either their credit card accounts or the
lending on charge feature of their charge card accounts. These loans have a range of terms such as
credit limits, interest rates, fees and payment structures, which can be adjusted over time based
on new information about cardmembers and in accordance with applicable regulations and the
respective products terms and conditions. Cardmembers holding revolving loans are typically
required to make monthly payments greater than or equal to certain pre-established amounts. The
amounts that cardmembers choose to revolve are subject to finance charges. When cardmembers fall
behind their required payments, their accounts will be monitored.
9
AMERICAN EXPRESS COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
Cardmember loans are presented on the Consolidated Balance Sheets net of reserves for losses and
unamortized net card fees and include accrued interest receivable and fees. The Companys policy
generally is to cease accruing for interest receivable on a cardmember loan at the time the account
is written off. The Company establishes reserves for interest that the Company believes will not be
collected.
Loans as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010 consisted of:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Millions) |
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
U.S. Card Services(a) |
|
$ |
49,196 |
|
|
$ |
51,565 |
International Card Services |
|
|
8,524 |
|
|
|
9,255 |
Global Commercial Services |
|
|
43 |
|
|
|
30 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cardmember loans, gross(b) |
|
|
57,763 |
|
|
|
60,850 |
Less: Cardmember loans reserve for losses |
|
|
2,921 |
|
|
|
3,646 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cardmember loans, net |
|
$ |
54,842 |
|
|
$ |
57,204 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other loans, net(c) |
|
$ |
390 |
|
|
$ |
412 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(a) |
|
Includes approximately $32.0 billion and $34.7 billion of gross cardmember loans available
to settle obligations of a consolidated VIE as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010,
respectively. |
|
(b) |
|
Cardmember loan balance is net of unamortized net card fees of $135 million and $134 million
as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively. |
|
(c) |
|
Other loans primarily represent small business installment loans, a store card portfolio
whose billed business is not processed on the Companys network and small business loans
associated with the 2008 acquisition of Corporate Payment Services. |
Cardmember Loans and Cardmember Receivables Aging
Generally a cardmember account is considered past due if payment is not received within 30 days
after the billing statement date. The following table represents the aging of cardmember loans and
receivables as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
30-59 |
|
|
60-89 |
|
|
90+ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Days |
|
|
Days |
|
|
Days |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past |
|
|
Past |
|
|
Past |
|
|
|
2011 (Millions) |
|
Current |
|
|
Due |
|
|
Due |
|
|
Due |
|
|
Total |
Cardmember Loans: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. Card Services |
|
$ |
48,288 |
|
|
$ |
250 |
|
|
$ |
196 |
|
|
$ |
462 |
|
|
$ |
49,196 |
International Card Services |
|
|
8,324 |
|
|
|
67 |
|
|
|
41 |
|
|
|
92 |
|
|
|
8,524 |
Cardmember Receivables: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. Card Services |
|
$ |
17,297 |
|
|
$ |
113 |
|
|
$ |
74 |
|
|
$ |
130 |
|
|
$ |
17,614 |
International Card Services(a) |
|
|
(b |
) |
|
|
(b |
) |
|
|
(b |
) |
|
|
66 |
|
|
|
6,547 |
Global Commercial Services(a) |
|
|
(b |
) |
|
|
(b |
) |
|
|
(b |
) |
|
|
97 |
|
|
|
13,287 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2010 (Millions) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cardmember Loans: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. Card Services |
|
$ |
50,508 |
|
|
$ |
282 |
|
|
$ |
226 |
|
|
$ |
549 |
|
|
$ |
51,565 |
International Card Services |
|
|
9,044 |
|
|
|
66 |
|
|
|
48 |
|
|
|
97 |
|
|
|
9,255 |
Cardmember Receivables: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. Card Services |
|
$ |
18,864 |
|
|
$ |
104 |
|
|
$ |
55 |
|
|
$ |
132 |
|
|
$ |
19,155 |
International Card Services(a) |
|
|
(b |
) |
|
|
(b |
) |
|
|
(b |
) |
|
|
64 |
|
|
|
6,673 |
Global Commercial Services(a) |
|
|
(b |
) |
|
|
(b |
) |
|
|
(b |
) |
|
|
96 |
|
|
|
11,259 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(a) |
|
For cardmember receivables in International Card Services (ICS) and Global Commercial
Services (GCS), delinquency data is tracked based on days past billing status rather than days
past due. A cardmember account is considered 90 days past billing if payment has not been
received within 90 days of the cardmembers billing statement date. In addition, if the
Company initiates collection procedures on an account prior to the account becoming 90 days
past billing the associated cardmember receivable balance is considered as 90 days past
billing. These amounts are shown above as 90+ Days Past Due for presentation purposes. |
|
(b) |
|
Historically, data for periods prior to 90 days past billing are not available due to system
constraints. Therefore, it has not been utilized for risk management purposes. The balances
that are current 89 days past due can be derived as the difference between the Total and
the 90+ Days Past Due balances. |
10
AMERICAN EXPRESS COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
Credit Quality Indicators for Loans and Receivables
The following table presents the key credit quality indicators as of or for the three months ended
March 31:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
30 Days |
|
|
|
|
|
|
30 Days |
|
|
|
Net |
|
|
Past Due |
|
|
Net |
|
|
Past Due |
|
|
|
Write-Off |
|
|
as a % of |
|
|
Write-Off |
|
|
as a % of |
|
|
|
Rate |
|
|
Total |
|
|
Rate |
|
|
Total |
|
U.S. Card Services Cardmember Loans |
|
|
3.7 |
% |
|
|
1.8 |
% |
|
|
7.2 |
% |
|
|
3.3 |
% |
U.S. Card Services Cardmember Receivables |
|
|
1.7 |
% |
|
|
1.8 |
% |
|
|
1.7 |
% |
|
|
1.9 |
% |
International Card Services Cardmember Loans |
|
|
3.2 |
% |
|
|
2.4 |
% |
|
|
5.5 |
% |
|
|
3.3 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
|
Net Loss |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Loss |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ratio as |
|
|
90 Days |
|
|
Ratio as |
|
|
90 Days |
|
|
|
a % of |
|
|
Past Billing |
|
|
a % of |
|
|
Past Billing |
|
|
|
Charge |
|
|
as a % of |
|
|
Charge |
|
|
as a % of |
|
|
|
Volume |
|
|
Receivables |
|
|
Volume |
(a) |
|
Receivables |
|
International Card Services Cardmember Receivables |
|
|
0.15 |
% |
|
|
1.0 |
% |
|
|
0.53 |
% |
|
|
1.0 |
% |
Global Commercial Services Cardmember Receivables |
|
|
0.06 |
% |
|
|
0.7 |
% |
|
|
0.28 |
% |
|
|
0.8 |
% |
|
|
|
|
(a) |
|
In the first quarter of 2010, the Company modified its reporting in the ICS and GCS
segments to write-off past due cardmember receivables when 180 days past due or earlier,
versus its prior methodology of writing them off when 360 days past billing or earlier. This
change is consistent with bank regulatory guidance and the write-off methodology adopted for
the cardmember receivables portfolio in the U.S. Card Services (USCS) segment in the fourth
quarter of 2008. This change resulted in approximately $60 million and $48 million of net
write-offs for ICS and GCS, respectively, being included in the first quarter of 2010, which
increased the net loss ratios and decreased the 90 days past billing metrics for these
segments, but did not have a substantial impact on provisions for losses. |
Refer to Note 5 for other factors, including external environmental factors, that management
considers as part of its evaluation process for reserves for losses.
Impaired Loans and Receivables
Impaired loans and receivables are defined by GAAP as individual larger balance or homogeneous
pools of smaller balance restructured loans and receivables for which it is probable that the
lender will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the original contractual terms of the
loan and receivable agreement. The Company considers impaired loans and receivables to include: (i)
loans over 90 days past due still accruing interest, (ii) non-accrual loans, and (iii) loans and
receivables modified in a troubled debt restructuring (TDR).
The Company may modify cardmember loans and receivables in instances where the cardmember is
experiencing financial difficulty to minimize losses to the Company while providing cardmembers
with temporary or permanent financial relief. Such modifications may include reducing the interest
rate or delinquency fees on the loans and receivables and/or placing the cardmember on a fixed
payment plan not exceeding 60 months. If the cardmember does not comply with the modified terms,
then the loan or receivable agreement generally reverts back to its original terms. The Company
has classified such cardmember loans and receivables in these modification programs as TDRs.
The performance of a TDR is closely monitored to understand its impact on the Companys reserve for
losses. Though the ultimate success of these modification programs remains uncertain, the Company
believes they improve the cumulative loss performance of such loans and receivables.
Reserves for a TDR are determined by the difference between cash flows expected to be received from
the cardmember discounted at the original effective interest rates and the carrying value of the
cardmember loan or receivable balance.
11
AMERICAN EXPRESS COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
The following tables provide additional information with respect to the Companys impaired
cardmember loans and receivables as of or for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and as of or
for the year ended December 31, 2010:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loans over |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
90 Days |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loans & |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past Due |
|
|
Non- |
|
|
Receivables |
|
|
Total |
|
|
Unpaid |
|
|
Interest |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Related |
|
|
|
& Accruing |
|
|
Accrual |
|
|
Modified |
|
|
Impaired |
|
|
Principal |
|
|
Income |
|
|
Average |
|
|
Allowance |
|
(Millions) |
|
Interest |
(a) |
|
Loans |
(b) |
|
as a TDR |
(c) |
|
Loans |
|
|
Balance |
(d) |
|
Recognized |
|
|
Balance |
|
|
for TDRs |
|
March 31, 2011 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. Card
Services Cardmember Loans |
|
$ |
72 |
|
|
$ |
536 |
|
|
$ |
971 |
|
|
$ |
1,579 |
|
|
$ |
1,499 |
|
|
$ |
18 |
|
|
$ |
2,036 |
|
|
$ |
245 |
|
International Card Services
Cardmember Loans |
|
|
90 |
|
|
|
7 |
|
|
|
10 |
|
|
|
107 |
|
|
|
106 |
|
|
|
9 |
|
|
|
130 |
|
|
|
5 |
|
U.S. Card Services
Cardmember Receivables |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
136 |
|
|
|
136 |
|
|
|
129 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
118 |
|
|
|
72 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total (f) |
|
$ |
162 |
|
|
$ |
543 |
|
|
$ |
1,117 |
|
|
$ |
1,822 |
|
|
$ |
1,734 |
|
|
$ |
27 |
|
|
$ |
2,284 |
|
|
$ |
322 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2010 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. Card Services
Cardmember Loans |
|
$ |
90 |
|
|
$ |
628 |
|
|
$ |
1,076 |
|
|
$ |
1,794 |
|
|
$ |
1,704 |
|
|
|
(e |
) |
|
$ |
2,255 |
|
|
$ |
274 |
|
International Card Services
Cardmember Loans |
|
|
95 |
|
|
|
8 |
|
|
|
11 |
|
|
|
114 |
|
|
|
112 |
|
|
|
(e |
) |
|
|
142 |
|
|
|
5 |
|
U.S. Card Services
Cardmember Receivables |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
114 |
|
|
|
114 |
|
|
|
109 |
|
|
|
(e |
) |
|
|
110 |
|
|
|
63 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total (f) |
|
$ |
185 |
|
|
$ |
636 |
|
|
$ |
1,201 |
|
|
$ |
2,022 |
|
|
$ |
1,925 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
2,507 |
|
|
$ |
342 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(a) |
|
The Companys policy is generally to accrue interest through the date of charge-off (at 180
days past due). The Company establishes reserves for interest that the Company believes will
not be collected. |
|
(b) |
|
Non-accrual loans not in modification programs include certain cardmember loans placed with
outside collection agencies for which the Company has ceased accruing interest. |
|
(c) |
|
The total loans and receivables modified as a TDR include $619 million and $655 million that
are non-accrual and $7 million that are past due 90 days and still accruing interest as of
March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively. These amounts are excluded from the
previous two columns. |
|
(d) |
|
Unpaid principal balance consists of cardmember charges billed and excludes other amounts
charged directly by the Company such as interest and fees. |
|
(e) |
|
Detailed data for these loans and receivables classes were not required prior to 2011. |
|
(f) |
|
These disclosures either do not apply or are not significant for cardmember receivables in
ICS and GCS. |
5. Reserves for Losses
Reserves for Losses Cardmember Receivables and Loans
Reserves for losses relating to cardmember loans and receivables represent managements best
estimate of the losses inherent in the Companys outstanding portfolio of loans and receivables.
Managements evaluation process requires certain estimates and judgments.
Reserves for these losses are primarily based upon models that analyze portfolio performance and
reflect managements judgment regarding overall reserve adequacy. The analytic models take into
account several factors, including average losses and recoveries over an appropriate historical
period. Management considers whether to adjust the analytic models for specific factors such as
increased risk in certain portfolios, impact of risk management initiatives on portfolio
performance and concentration of credit risk based on factors such as tenure, industry or
geographic regions. In addition, management adjusts the reserves for losses on cardmember loans for
other external environmental factors including leading economic and market indicators such as the
unemployment rate, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), home price indices, non-farm payrolls, personal
consumption expenditures index, consumer confidence index, purchasing managers index, bankruptcy
filings and the legal and regulatory environment. Generally, due to the short-term nature of
cardmember receivables, the impact of additional external factors on the inherent losses within the
cardmember receivable portfolio is not significant. As part of this evaluation process, management
also
12
AMERICAN EXPRESS COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
considers various reserve coverage metrics, such as reserves as a percentage of past due amounts,
reserves as a percentage of cardmember receivables or loans and net write-off coverage.
Cardmember receivables balances are written off when management deems amounts to be uncollectible
and is generally determined by the number of days past due, which is generally no later than 180
days past due. Receivables in bankruptcy or owed by deceased individuals are written off upon
notification. Recoveries are recognized on a cash basis.
Changes in Cardmember Receivables Reserve for Losses
The following table presents changes in the cardmember receivables reserve for losses for the three
months ended March 31:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Millions) |
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
Balance, January 1 |
|
$ |
386 |
|
|
$ |
546 |
Additions: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cardmember receivables provisions(a) |
|
|
160 |
|
|
|
184 |
Cardmember receivables provisions other(b) |
|
|
38 |
|
|
|
43 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total provision |
|
|
198 |
|
|
|
227 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deductions: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cardmember receivables net write-offs(c) |
|
|
(132 |
) |
|
|
(244 |
) |
Cardmember receivables other(d) |
|
|
(31 |
) |
|
|
(31 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance, March 31 |
|
$ |
421 |
|
|
$ |
498 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(a) |
|
Represents loss provisions for cardmember receivables consisting of principal (resulting
from authorized transactions) and fee reserve components. |
|
(b) |
|
Primarily represents loss provisions for cardmember receivables resulting from unauthorized
transactions. |
|
(c) |
|
Represents write-offs consisting of principal (resulting from authorized transactions) and
fee components, less recoveries of $84 million and $101 million for 2011 and 2010,
respectively. |
|
(d) |
|
These amounts include net write-offs of cardmember receivables resulting from unauthorized
transactions and foreign currency translation adjustments. |
The following table presents cardmember receivables evaluated separately and collectively for
impairment and related reserves as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Millions) |
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
Cardmember receivables evaluated separately for impairment(a) |
|
$ |
136 |
|
|
$ |
114 |
Reserves on cardmember receivables evaluated separately for impairment(a) |
|
$ |
72 |
|
|
$ |
63 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cardmember receivables evaluated collectively for impairment |
|
$ |
37,514 |
|
|
$ |
37,152 |
Reserves on cardmember receivables evaluated collectively for impairment |
|
$ |
349 |
|
|
$ |
323 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(a) |
|
Represents receivables modified in a TDR and related reserves. Refer to the Impaired Loans
and Receivables discussion in Note 4 for further information. |
13
AMERICAN EXPRESS COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
Changes in Cardmember Loans Reserve for Losses
The following table presents changes in the cardmember loans reserve for losses for the three
months ended March 31:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Millions) |
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
Balance, January 1 |
|
$ |
3,646 |
|
|
$ |
3,268 |
|
Reserves established for consolidation of a variable interest entity(a) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,531 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total adjusted balance, January 1 |
|
|
3,646 |
|
|
|
5,799 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Additions: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cardmember loans provisions(b) |
|
|
(139 |
) |
|
|
670 |
|
Cardmember loans provisions other(c) |
|
|
19 |
|
|
|
18 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total provision |
|
|
(120 |
) |
|
|
688 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deductions: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cardmember loans net write-offs principal(d) |
|
|
(535 |
) |
|
|
(1,035 |
) |
Cardmember loans net write-offs interest and fees(d) |
|
|
(61 |
) |
|
|
(114 |
) |
Cardmember loans other(e) |
|
|
(9 |
) |
|
|
(24 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance, March 31 |
|
$ |
2,921 |
|
|
$ |
5,314 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(a) |
|
Represents establishment of cardmember reserves for losses for cardmember loans issued by
the American Express Credit Account Master Trust (the Lending Trust) which was consolidated
under accounting guidance for consolidation of VIEs effective
January 1, 2010. |
|
(b) |
|
Represents loss provisions for cardmember loans consisting of principal (resulting from
authorized transactions), interest and fee reserves components. |
|
(c) |
|
Primarily represents loss provisions for cardmember loans resulting from unauthorized
transactions. |
|
(d) |
|
Cardmember loans net write-offs principal for 2011 and 2010 include recoveries of $150
million and $139 million, respectively. Recoveries of interest
and fees were de minimis. |
|
(e) |
|
These amounts include net write-offs related to unauthorized transactions and foreign
currency translation adjustments. |
The following table presents cardmember loans evaluated separately and collectively for
impairment and the related reserves as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Millions) |
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
Cardmember loans evaluated separately for impairment(a) |
|
$ |
981 |
|
|
$ |
1,087 |
Reserves on cardmember loans evaluated separately for impairment(a) |
|
$ |
250 |
|
|
$ |
279 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cardmember loans evaluated collectively for impairment |
|
$ |
56,782 |
|
|
$ |
59,763 |
Reserves on cardmember loans evaluated collectively for impairment |
|
$ |
2,671 |
|
|
$ |
3,367 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(a) |
|
Represents loans modified in a TDR and related reserves. Refer to the Impaired Loans
and Receivables discussion in Note 4 for further information. |
14
AMERICAN EXPRESS COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
6. Investment Securities
Investment securities include debt and equity securities and are classified as available for sale.
The Companys investment securities, principally debt securities, are carried at fair value on the
Consolidated Balance Sheets with unrealized gains (losses) recorded in Accumulated Other
Comprehensive Income (AOCI), net of income tax provisions (benefits). Realized gains and losses are
recognized in results of operations upon disposition of the securities using the specific
identification method on a trade date basis. Refer to Note 3 for a description of the Companys
methodology for determining the fair value of its investment securities.
The following is a summary of investment securities as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross |
|
|
Gross |
|
|
Estimated |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross |
|
|
Gross |
|
|
Estimated |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unrealized |
|
|
Unrealized |
|
|
Fair |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unrealized |
|
|
Unrealized |
|
|
Fair |
(Millions) |
|
Cost |
|
|
Gains |
|
|
Losses |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Cost |
|
|
Gains |
|
|
Losses |
|
|
Value |
State and municipal obligations |
|
$ |
5,683 |
|
|
$ |
22 |
|
|
$ |
(410 |
) |
|
$ |
5,295 |
|
|
$ |
6,140 |
|
|
$ |
24 |
|
|
$ |
(367 |
) |
|
$ |
5,797 |
U.S. Government agency obligations |
|
|
1,302 |
|
|
|
6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,308 |
|
|
|
3,402 |
|
|
|
12 |
|
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
|
3,413 |
U.S. Government treasury obligations |
|
|
1,887 |
|
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,892 |
|
|
|
2,450 |
|
|
|
6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,456 |
Corporate debt securities(a) |
|
|
1,025 |
|
|
|
15 |
|
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
|
1,039 |
|
|
|
1,431 |
|
|
|
15 |
|
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
|
1,445 |
Mortgage-backed securities(b) |
|
|
282 |
|
|
|
4 |
|
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
|
284 |
|
|
|
272 |
|
|
|
6 |
|
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
|
276 |
Equity securities(c) |
|
|
98 |
|
|
|
430 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
528 |
|
|
|
98 |
|
|
|
377 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
475 |
Foreign government bonds and obligations |
|
|
89 |
|
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
94 |
|
|
|
95 |
|
|
|
4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
99 |
Other(d) |
|
|
62 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
62 |
|
|
|
49 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
49 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
10,428 |
|
|
$ |
487 |
|
|
$ |
(413 |
) |
|
$ |
10,502 |
|
|
$ |
13,937 |
|
|
$ |
444 |
|
|
$ |
(371 |
) |
|
$ |
14,010 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(a) |
|
The March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010 balances include, on a cost basis, $0.9 billion
and $1.3 billion, respectively, of corporate debt obligations issued under the Temporary
Liquidity Guarantee Program (TLGP) that are guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance
Corporation (FDIC). |
|
(b) |
|
Represents mortgage-backed securities guaranteed by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac or Ginnie Mae. |
|
(c) |
|
Represents the Companys investment in Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (ICBC). |
|
(d) |
|
Other is comprised of investments in various mutual funds. |
Other-Than-Temporary Impairment
Realized losses are recognized upon managements determination that a decline in fair value is
other than temporary. The determination of other-than-temporary impairment is a subjective process,
requiring the use of judgments and assumptions regarding the amount and timing of recovery. The
Company reviews and evaluates its investments at least quarterly and more often, as market
conditions may require, to identify investments that have indications of other-than-temporary
impairments. It is reasonably possible that a change in estimate could occur in the near term
relating to other-than-temporary impairment. Accordingly, the Company considers several factors
when evaluating debt securities for other-than-temporary impairment including the determination of
the extent to which the decline in fair value of the security is due to increased default risk for
the specific issuer or market interest rate risk. With respect to increased default risk, the
Company assesses the collectibility of principal and interest payments by monitoring issuers
credit ratings, related changes to those ratings, specific credit events associated with the
individual issuers as well as the credit ratings of a financial guarantor, where applicable, and
the extent to which amortized cost exceeds fair value and the duration and size of that difference.
With respect to market interest rate risk, including benchmark interest rates and credit spreads,
the Company assesses whether it has the intent to sell the securities and whether it is more likely
than not that the Company will not be required to sell the securities before recovery of any
unrealized losses.
15
AMERICAN EXPRESS COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
The following table provides information about the Companys investment securities with gross
unrealized losses and the length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous
unrealized loss position as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
|
Less than 12 months |
|
|
12 months or more |
|
|
Less than 12 months |
|
|
12 months or more |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross |
|
(Millions) |
|
Estimated |
|
|
Unrealized |
|
|
Estimated |
|
|
Unrealized |
|
|
Estimated |
|
|
Unrealized |
|
|
Estimated |
|
|
Unrealized |
|
Description of Securities |
|
Fair Value |
|
|
Losses |
|
|
Fair Value |
|
|
Losses |
|
|
Fair Value |
|
|
Losses |
|
|
Fair Value |
|
|
Losses |
|
State and municipal obligations |
|
$ |
2,412 |
|
|
$ |
(173 |
) |
|
$ |
1,040 |
|
|
$ |
(237 |
) |
|
$ |
2,535 |
|
|
$ |
(156 |
) |
|
$ |
1,076 |
|
|
$ |
(211 |
) |
U.S. Government agency obligations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
299 |
|
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Corporate debt securities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
(1 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
(1 |
) |
Mortgage-backed securities |
|
|
106 |
|
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
71 |
|
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
2,518 |
|
|
$ |
(175 |
) |
|
$ |
1,043 |
|
|
$ |
(238 |
) |
|
$ |
2,905 |
|
|
$ |
(159 |
) |
|
$ |
1,079 |
|
|
$ |
(212 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The following table summarizes the gross unrealized losses due to temporary impairments by
ratio of fair value to amortized cost as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 12 months |
|
|
12 months or more |
|
|
Total |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross |
|
(Millions) |
|
Number of |
|
|
Estimated |
|
|
Unrealized |
|
|
Number of |
|
|
Estimated |
|
|
Unrealized |
|
|
Number of |
|
|
Estimated |
|
|
Unrealized |
|
Ratio of Fair Value to Amortized Cost |
|
Securities |
|
|
Fair Value |
|
|
Losses |
|
|
Securities |
|
|
Fair Value |
|
|
Losses |
|
|
Securities |
|
|
Fair Value |
|
|
Losses |
|
2011: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
90%-100% |
|
|
429 |
|
|
$ |
1,993 |
|
|
$ |
(99 |
) |
|
|
21 |
|
|
$ |
50 |
|
|
$ |
(4 |
) |
|
|
450 |
|
|
$ |
2,043 |
|
|
$ |
(103 |
) |
Less than 90% |
|
|
78 |
|
|
|
525 |
|
|
|
(76 |
) |
|
|
121 |
|
|
|
993 |
|
|
|
(234 |
) |
|
|
199 |
|
|
|
1,518 |
|
|
|
(310 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total as of March 31, 2011 |
|
|
507 |
|
|
$ |
2,518 |
|
|
$ |
(175 |
) |
|
|
142 |
|
|
$ |
1,043 |
|
|
$ |
(238 |
) |
|
|
649 |
|
|
$ |
3,561 |
|
|
$ |
(413 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2010: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
90%-100% |
|
|
457 |
|
|
$ |
2,554 |
|
|
$ |
(113 |
) |
|
|
31 |
|
|
$ |
79 |
|
|
$ |
(7 |
) |
|
|
488 |
|
|
$ |
2,633 |
|
|
$ |
(120 |
) |
Less than 90% |
|
|
48 |
|
|
|
351 |
|
|
|
(46 |
) |
|
|
115 |
|
|
|
1,000 |
|
|
|
(205 |
) |
|
|
163 |
|
|
|
1,351 |
|
|
|
(251 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total as of December 31, 2010 |
|
|
505 |
|
|
$ |
2,905 |
|
|
$ |
(159 |
) |
|
|
146 |
|
|
$ |
1,079 |
|
|
$ |
(212 |
) |
|
|
651 |
|
|
$ |
3,984 |
|
|
$ |
(371 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The gross unrealized losses on state and municipal securities and all other debt securities
can be attributed to higher credit spreads generally for state and municipal securities, higher
credit spreads for specific issuers, changes in market benchmark interest rates, or a combination
thereof, all as compared to those prevailing when the investment securities were acquired.
In assessing default risk on these investment securities, the Company has qualitatively considered
the key factors identified above and determined that it expects to collect all of the contractual
cash flows due on the investment securities.
Overall, for the investment securities in gross unrealized loss positions identified above, (a) the
Company does not intend to sell the investment securities, (b) it is more likely than not that the
Company will not be required to sell the investment securities before recovery of the unrealized
losses, and (c) the Company expects that the contractual principal and interest will be received on
the investment securities. As a result, the Company recognized no other-than-temporary impairments
during the periods presented.
Supplemental Information
Gross realized gains on the sales of investment securities, included in other non-interest revenues
for the three months ended March 31, 2010, were $1 million (there were no gross realized gains for
the three months ended March 31, 2011). The Company did not have any gross realized losses on the
sales of investment securities during either of these periods.
16
AMERICAN EXPRESS COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
Contractual maturities of investment securities, excluding equity securities and other securities,
as of March 31, 2011 were as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Estimated |
(Millions) |
|
Cost |
|
|
Fair Value |
Due within 1 year |
|
$ |
3,545 |
|
|
$ |
3,559 |
Due after 1 year but within 5 years |
|
|
760 |
|
|
|
776 |
Due after 5 years but within 10 years |
|
|
272 |
|
|
|
279 |
Due after 10 years |
|
|
5,691 |
|
|
|
5,298 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
10,268 |
|
|
$ |
9,912 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
The expected payments on state and municipal obligations and mortgage-backed securities may
not coincide with their contractual maturities because the issuers have the right to call or prepay
certain obligations.
7. Asset Securitizations
Charge Trust and Lending Trust
The Company periodically securitizes cardmember receivables and loans arising from its card
business through the transfer of those assets to securitization trusts. The trusts then issue
securities to third-party investors, collateralized by the transferred assets.
Cardmember receivables are transferred to the Charge Trust and cardmember loans are transferred to
the Lending Trust. The Charge Trust and the Lending Trust are consolidated by American Express
Travel Related Services Company, Inc. (TRS), which is a consolidated subsidiary of the Company.
The trusts are considered VIEs as they have insufficient equity at risk to finance their
activities, which are to issue securities that are collateralized by the underlying cardmember
receivables and loans.
TRS, in its role as servicer of the Charge Trust and the Lending Trust, has the power to direct the
most significant activity of the trusts, which is the collection of the underlying cardmember
receivables and loans in the trusts. In addition, TRS owns approximately $1.0 billion of
subordinated securities issued by the Lending Trust as of March 31, 2011. These subordinated
securities have the obligation to absorb losses of the Lending Trust and provide the right to
receive benefits from the Lending Trust, both of which are significant to the VIE. TRS role as
servicer for the Charge Trust does not provide it with a significant obligation to absorb losses or
a significant right to receive benefits. However, TRS position as the parent company of the
entities that transferred the receivables to the Charge Trust makes it the party most closely
related to the Charge Trust. Based on these considerations, TRS was determined to be the primary
beneficiary of both the Charge Trust and the Lending Trust.
The debt securities issued by the Charge Trust and the Lending Trust are non-recourse to the
Company. Securitized cardmember receivables and loans held by the Charge Trust and the Lending
Trust are available only for payment of the debt securities or other obligations issued or arising
in the securitization transactions. The long-term debt of each trust is payable only out of
collections on their respective underlying securitized assets.
17
AMERICAN EXPRESS COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
There was approximately $4 million and $9 million of restricted cash held by the Charge Trust as of
March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively, and approximately $326 million and $3.7 billion
of restricted cash held by the Lending Trust as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010,
respectively, included in other assets on the Companys Consolidated Balance Sheets. These amounts
relate to collections of cardmember receivables and loans to be used by the trusts to fund future
expenses, and obligations, including interest paid on investor certificates, credit losses and
upcoming debt maturities.
Charge Trust and Lending Trust Triggering Events
Under the respective terms of the Charge Trust and the Lending Trust agreements, the occurrence of
certain events could result in establishment of reserve funds, or in a worst-case scenario, early
amortization of investor certificates. As of March 31, 2011, no triggering events have occurred
resulting in funding of reserve accounts or early amortization.
8. Customer Deposits
As of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, customer deposits were categorized as interest-bearing
or non-interest-bearing deposits as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Millions) |
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
U.S.: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest-bearing |
|
$ |
31,054 |
|
|
$ |
29,053 |
Non-interest-bearing |
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
17 |
Non-U.S.: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest-bearing |
|
|
682 |
|
|
|
640 |
Non-interest-bearing |
|
|
17 |
|
|
|
17 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total customer deposits |
|
$ |
31,756 |
|
|
$ |
29,727 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
The customer deposits were aggregated by deposit type offered by the Company as of March 31,
2011 and December 31, 2010 as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Millions) |
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
U.S. retail deposits: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Savings accounts Direct |
|
$ |
11,599 |
|
|
$ |
7,725 |
Certificates of deposit |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Direct |
|
|
1,033 |
|
|
|
1,052 |
Third party |
|
|
9,500 |
|
|
|
11,411 |
Sweep accounts Third party |
|
|
8,922 |
|
|
|
8,865 |
Other deposits |
|
|
702 |
|
|
|
674 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total customer deposits |
|
$ |
31,756 |
|
|
$ |
29,727 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
The scheduled maturities of all certificates of deposit as of March 31, 2011 were as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Millions) |
|
U.S. |
|
|
Non-U.S. |
|
|
Total |
2011 |
|
$ |
3,726 |
|
|
$ |
412 |
|
|
$ |
4,138 |
2012 |
|
|
2,931 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
2,932 |
2013 |
|
|
2,297 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,297 |
2014 |
|
|
1,022 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,022 |
2015 |
|
|
122 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
122 |
After 5 years |
|
|
435 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
435 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
10,533 |
|
|
$ |
413 |
|
|
$ |
10,946 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
18
AMERICAN EXPRESS COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
As of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, certificates of deposit in denominations of
$100,000 or more were as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Millions) |
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
U.S. |
|
$ |
676 |
|
|
$ |
689 |
Non-U.S. |
|
|
329 |
|
|
|
291 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
1,005 |
|
|
$ |
980 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
9. Derivatives and Hedging Activities
The Company uses derivative financial instruments (derivatives) to manage exposure to various
market risks. Market risk is the risk to earnings or value resulting from movements in market
prices. The Companys market risk exposure is primarily generated by:
|
|
|
Interest rate risk in its card, insurance and Travelers Cheque businesses, as well as its
investment portfolios; and |
|
|
|
Foreign exchange risk in its operations outside the United States. |
General principles and the overall framework for managing market risk across the Company are
defined in the Market Risk Policy, which is the responsibility of the Asset-Liability Committee
(ALCO). Market risk limits and escalation triggers in that policy are approved by the ALCO and by
the Enterprise-wide Risk Management Committee (ERMC). Market risk is centrally monitored for
compliance with policy and limits by the Market Risk Committee, which reports into the ALCO and is
chaired by the Chief Market Risk Officer. Market risk management is also guided by policies
covering the use of derivatives, funding and liquidity and investments. Derivatives derive their
value from an underlying variable or multiple variables, including interest rate, foreign exchange,
and equity indices or prices. These instruments enable end users to increase, reduce or alter
exposure to various market risks and, for that reason, are an integral component of the Companys
market risk management. The Company does not engage in derivatives for trading purposes.
The Companys market exposures are in large part byproducts of the delivery of its products and
services. Interest rate risk arises through the funding of cardmember receivables and fixed-rate
loans with variable-rate borrowings as well as through the risk to net interest margin from changes
in the relationship between benchmark rates such as Prime and LIBOR.
Interest rate exposure within the Companys charge card and fixed-rate lending products is managed
by varying the proportion of total funding provided by short-term and variable-rate debt and
deposits compared to fixed-rate debt and deposits. In addition, interest rate swaps are used from
time to time to effectively convert fixed-rate debt to variable-rate or to convert variable-rate
debt to fixed rate. The Company may change the mix between variable-rate and fixed-rate funding
based on changes in business volumes and mix, among other factors.
Foreign exchange risk is generated by cardmember cross-currency charges, foreign currency balance
sheet exposures, foreign subsidiary equity, and foreign currency earnings in units outside the
United States. The Companys foreign exchange risk is managed primarily by entering into agreements
to buy and sell currencies on a spot basis or by hedging this market exposure to the extent it is
economically justified through various means, including the use of derivatives such as foreign
exchange forward and cross-currency swap contracts, which can help lock in the value of the
Companys exposure to specific currencies.
Derivatives may give rise to counterparty credit risk, which is the risk that a derivative
counterparty will default on, or otherwise be unable to perform pursuant to, an uncollateralized
derivative exposure. The Company manages this risk by considering the current exposure, which is
the replacement cost of contracts on the measurement date, as well as estimating the maximum
potential value of the contracts over the next 12 months, considering such factors as the
volatility of the underlying or reference index. To mitigate
derivative credit risk,
19
AMERICAN EXPRESS COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
counterparties are required to be pre-approved and rated as investment grade. Counterparty risk
exposures are monitored by the Companys Institutional Risk Management Committee (IRMC). The IRMC
formally reviews large institutional exposures to ensure compliance with the Companys ERMC
guidelines and procedures and determines the risk mitigation actions, when necessary. Additionally,
in order to mitigate the bilateral counterparty credit risk associated with derivatives, the
Company has, in certain limited instances, entered into agreements with its derivative
counterparties including master netting agreements, which may provide a right of offset for certain
exposures between the parties.
In relation to the Companys credit risk, under the terms of the derivative agreements it has with
its various counterparties, the Company is not required to either immediately settle any
outstanding liability balances or post collateral upon the occurrence of a specified credit
risk-related event. As of March 31, 2011, the counterparty credit risk associated with the
Companys derivatives was not significant.
The Companys derivatives are carried at fair value on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The
accounting for changes in fair value depends on the instruments intended use and the resulting
hedge designation, if any, as discussed below. Refer to Note 3 for a description of the Companys
methodology for determining the fair value of its derivatives.
The following table summarizes the total gross fair value, excluding interest accruals, of
derivative assets and liabilities as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other Assets |
|
|
Other Liabilities |
|
|
Fair Value |
|
|
Fair Value |
(Millions) |
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest rate contracts |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fair value hedges |
|
$ |
765 |
|
|
$ |
909 |
|
|
$ |
53 |
|
|
$ |
38 |
Cash flow hedges |
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
13 |
Foreign exchange contracts |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment hedges |
|
|
53 |
|
|
|
66 |
|
|
|
144 |
|
|
|
272 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments |
|
|
819 |
|
|
|
977 |
|
|
|
202 |
|
|
|
323 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest rate contracts |
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
3 |
Foreign exchange contracts, including certain
embedded derivatives(a) |
|
|
106 |
|
|
|
109 |
|
|
|
73 |
|
|
|
91 |
Equity-linked embedded derivative(b) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments |
|
|
111 |
|
|
|
112 |
|
|
|
78 |
|
|
|
96 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total derivatives(c) |
|
$ |
930 |
|
|
$ |
1,089 |
|
|
$ |
280 |
|
|
$ |
419 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(a) |
|
Includes foreign currency derivatives embedded in certain operating agreements. |
|
(b) |
|
Represents an equity-linked derivative embedded in one of the Companys investment
securities. |
|
(c) |
|
GAAP permits the netting of derivative assets and derivative liabilities when a legally
enforceable master netting agreement exists between the Company and its derivative
counterparty. As of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, $12 million and $18 million,
respectively, of derivative assets and liabilities have been offset and presented net on the
Consolidated Balance Sheets. |
Derivative Financial Instruments that Qualify for Hedge Accounting
Derivatives executed for hedge accounting purposes are documented and designated as such when the
Company enters into the contracts. In accordance with its risk management policies, the Company
structures its hedges with very similar terms to the hedged items. The Company formally assesses,
at inception of the hedge accounting relationship and on a quarterly basis, whether derivatives
designated as hedges are highly effective in offsetting the fair value or cash flows of the hedged
items. These assessments usually are made through the application of the regression analysis
method. If it is determined that a derivative is not highly effective as a hedge, the Company will
discontinue the application of hedge accounting.
20
AMERICAN EXPRESS COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
Fair Value Hedges
A fair value hedge involves a derivative designated to hedge the Companys exposure to future
changes in the fair value of an asset or a liability, or an identified portion thereof that is
attributable to a particular risk. The Company is exposed to interest rate risk associated with its
fixed-rate long-term debt. The Company uses interest rate swaps to convert certain fixed-rate
long-term debt to floating-rate at the time of issuance. As of March 31, 2011 and December 31,
2010, the Company hedged $16.0 billion and $15.9 billion, respectively, of its fixed-rate debt to
floating-rate debt using interest rate swaps.
To the extent the fair value hedge is effective, the gain or loss on the hedging instrument offsets
the loss or gain on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk. Any difference between the
changes in the fair value of the derivative and the hedged item is referred to as hedge
ineffectiveness and is reflected in earnings as a component of other, net expenses. Hedge
ineffectiveness may be caused by differences between the debts interest coupon and the benchmark
rate, which are primarily due to credit spreads at inception of the hedging relationship that are
not reflected in the valuation of the interest rate swap. Furthermore, hedge ineffectiveness may be
caused by changes in the relationship between 3-month LIBOR and 1-month LIBOR rates, as these
so-called basis spreads may impact the valuation of the interest rate swap without causing an
offsetting impact in the value of the hedged debt. If a fair value hedge is de-designated or no
longer considered to be effective, changes in fair value of the derivative continue to be recorded
through earnings but the hedged asset or liability is no longer adjusted for changes in fair value
due to changes in interest rates. The existing basis adjustment of the hedged asset or liability is
then amortized or accreted as an adjustment to yield over the remaining life of that asset or
liability.
The following table summarizes the impact on the Consolidated Statements of Income associated with
the Companys hedges of fixed-rate long-term debt:
For the Three Months Ended March 31:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gains (losses) recognized in income |
|
|
Derivative contract |
|
|
Hedged item |
|
|
Net hedge |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amount |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amount |
|
|
ineffectiveness |
(Millions) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Derivative relationship |
|
Location |
|
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
Location |
|
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
Interest rate contracts |
|
Other, net expenses |
|
$ |
(158 |
) |
|
$ |
124 |
|
|
Other, net expenses |
|
$ |
139 |
|
|
$ |
(115 |
) |
|
$ |
(19 |
) |
|
$ |
9 |
The Company also recognized a net reduction in interest expense on long-term debt and other of
$125 million and $133 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively,
primarily related to the net settlements (interest accruals) on the Companys interest rate
derivatives designated as fair value hedges.
Cash Flow Hedges
A cash flow hedge involves a derivative designated to hedge the Companys exposure to variable
future cash flows attributable to a particular risk. Such exposures may relate to either an
existing recognized asset or liability or a forecasted transaction. The Company hedges existing
long-term variable-rate debt, the rollover of short-term borrowings and the anticipated forecasted
issuance of additional funding through the use of derivatives, primarily interest rate swaps. These
derivative instruments effectively convert floating-rate debt to fixed-rate debt for the duration
of the instrument. As of both March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, the Company hedged $1.3 billion
of its floating-rate debt using interest rate swaps.
For derivatives designated as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of the gain or loss on the
derivatives is recorded in AOCI and reclassified into earnings when the hedged cash flows are
recognized in earnings. The amount that is reclassified into earnings is presented in the
Consolidated Statements of Income in the same line item in which the hedged instrument or
transaction is recognized, primarily in interest expense. Any ineffective portion of the gain or
loss on the derivatives is reported as a component of other, net expenses. If a cash flow hedge is
de-designated or terminated prior to maturity, the amount previously recorded in AOCI is recognized
into earnings over the period that the hedged item impacts earnings. If a hedge relationship is
discontinued because it is
21
AMERICAN EXPRESS COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
probable that the forecasted transaction will not occur according to the original strategy, any
related amounts previously recorded in AOCI are recognized into earnings immediately.
In the normal course of business, as the hedged cash flows are recognized into earnings, the
Company expects to reclassify $4 million of net pretax losses on derivatives from AOCI into
earnings during the next 12 months.
Net Investment Hedges
A net investment hedge is used to hedge future changes in currency exposure of a net investment in
a foreign operation. The Company primarily designates foreign currency derivatives, typically
foreign exchange forwards, and on occasion foreign currency denominated debt, as hedges of net
investments in certain foreign operations. These instruments reduce exposure to changes in currency
exchange rates on the Companys investments in non-U.S. subsidiaries. The effective portion of the
gain or loss on net investment hedges is recorded in AOCI as part of the cumulative translation
adjustment. Any ineffective portion of the gain or loss on net investment hedges is recognized in
other, net expenses during the period of change.
The following table summarizes the impact of cash flow hedges and net investment hedges on the
Consolidated Statements of Income:
For the Three Months Ended March 31
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gains (losses) recognized in income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amount reclassified |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
from AOCI into |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net hedge |
|
|
|
|
|
|
income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
ineffectiveness |
(Millions) |
|
Location |
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
Location |
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
Cash flow hedges:(a) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest rate contracts |
|
Interest expense |
|
$ |
(8 |
) |
|
$ |
(13 |
) |
|
Other, net expenses |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
Net investment hedges: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign exchange contracts |
|
Other, net expenses |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
Other, net expenses |
|
$ |
(3 |
) |
|
$ |
|
|
|
|
(a) |
|
During the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, there were no forecasted
transactions that were considered no longer probable to occur. |
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedges
The Company has derivatives that act as economic hedges but are not designated for hedge accounting
purposes. Foreign currency transactions and non-U.S. dollar cash flow exposures from time to time
may be partially or fully economically hedged through foreign currency contracts, primarily foreign
exchange forwards, options and cross-currency swaps. These hedges generally mature within one year.
Foreign currency contracts involve the purchase and sale of a designated currency at an agreed upon
rate for settlement on a specified date. The changes in the fair value of the derivatives
effectively offset the related foreign exchange gains or losses on the underlying balance sheet
exposures. From time to time, the Company may enter into interest rate swaps to specifically manage
funding costs related to its proprietary card business.
The Company has certain operating agreements whose payments may be linked to a market rate or
price, primarily foreign currency rates. The payment components of these agreements may meet the
definition of an embedded derivative, which is assessed to determine if it requires separate
accounting and reporting. If so, the embedded derivative is accounted for separately and is
classified as a foreign exchange contract based on its primary risk exposure. In addition, the
Company also holds an investment security containing an embedded equity-linked derivative.
For derivatives that are not designated as hedges, changes in fair value are reported in current
period earnings.
22
AMERICAN EXPRESS COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
The following table summarizes the impact of derivatives not designated as hedges on the
Consolidated Statements of Income:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gains (losses) recognized in income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amount |
|
For
the Three Months Ended March 31 (Millions) |
|
Location |
|
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
Interest rate contracts |
|
Other, net expenses |
|
$ |
2 |
|
|
$ |
(1 |
) |
Foreign exchange contracts(a) |
|
Interest and dividends on investment securities |
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
Interest expense on short-term borrowings |
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
Interest expense on long-term debt and other |
|
|
30 |
|
|
|
19 |
|
|
|
Other, net expenses |
|
|
19 |
|
|
|
(31 |
) |
Equity-linked contract |
|
Other non-interest revenues |
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
55 |
|
|
$ |
(10 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(a) |
|
For the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, foreign exchange contracts include
embedded foreign currency derivatives. Gains (losses) on these embedded derivatives are
included in other, net expenses. |
10. Guarantees
The Company provides cardmember protection plans that cover losses associated with purchased
products, as well as certain other guarantees in the ordinary course of business which are within
the scope of GAAP governing the accounting for guarantees.
In relation to its maximum amount of undiscounted future payments as seen in the table that
follows, to date the Company has not experienced any significant losses related to guarantees. The
Companys initial recognition of guarantees is at fair value, which has been determined in
accordance with GAAP governing fair value measurement. In addition, the Company establishes
reserves when an unfavorable outcome is probable and the amount of the loss can be reasonably
estimated.
The following table provides information related to such guarantees as of March 31, 2011 and
December 31, 2010:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Maximum amount of |
|
|
|
|
|
undiscounted future |
|
|
Amount of related |
|
|
payments(a) |
|
|
liability(b) |
|
|
(Billions) |
|
|
(Millions) |
Type of Guarantee |
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
Card and travel operations(c) |
|
$ |
67 |
|
|
$ |
67 |
|
|
$ |
113 |
|
|
$ |
114 |
Other(d) |
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
102 |
|
|
|
99 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
68 |
|
|
$ |
68 |
|
|
$ |
215 |
|
|
$ |
213 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(a) |
|
Represents the notional amounts that could be lost under the guarantees and
indemnifications if there were a total default by the guaranteed parties. The Merchant
Protection guarantee is calculated using managements best estimate of maximum exposure based
on all eligible claims as measured against annual billed business volumes. The Company
mitigates this risk by withholding settlement from the merchant or obtaining deposits and
other guarantees from merchants considered higher risk due to various factors. The amounts
being held by the Company are not significant when compared to the maximum potential amount of
undiscounted future payments. |
|
(b) |
|
Included as part of other liabilities on the Companys Consolidated Balance Sheets. |
|
(c) |
|
Includes Credit Card Registry, Return Protection, Account Protection and Merchant Protection,
which the Company offers directly to cardmembers. |
|
(d) |
|
Other primarily includes guarantees related to the Companys business dispositions and real
estate, each of which are individually smaller indemnifications. |
23
AMERICAN EXPRESS COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
11. Comprehensive Income
Comprehensive income includes net income and changes in AOCI, which is a balance sheet item in the
Shareholders Equity section of the Companys Consolidated Balance Sheet. AOCI is comprised of
items that have not been recognized in earnings but may be recognized in earnings in the future
when certain events occur.
The components of comprehensive income, net of tax for the three months ended March 31 were as
follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Millions) |
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
Net income |
|
$ |
1,177 |
|
|
$ |
885 |
|
Other comprehensive income gains (losses): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net unrealized securities gains (losses) |
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
(16 |
) |
Net unrealized derivative gains |
|
|
4 |
|
|
|
7 |
|
Foreign currency translation adjustments |
|
|
66 |
|
|
|
(31 |
) |
Net
unrealized pension and other postretirement benefit (losses) gains |
|
|
(3 |
) |
|
|
27 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
1,245 |
|
|
$ |
872 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12. Income Taxes
The Company is under continuous examination by the Internal Revenues Service (IRS) and tax
authorities in other countries and states in which the Company has significant business operations.
The tax years under examination and open for examination vary by jurisdiction. In June 2008, the
IRS completed its field examination of the Companys federal tax returns for the years 1997 through
2002. In July 2009, the IRS completed its field examination of the Companys federal tax returns
for the years 2003 and 2004. The Company is currently under examination by the IRS for the years
2005 through 2007.
The Company believes it is reasonably possible that the unrecognized tax benefits could decrease
within the next 12 months by as much as $1.0 billion principally as a result of potential
resolutions of prior years tax items with various taxing authorities, including the IRS for the
years 1997 through 2004. The prior years tax items include unrecognized tax benefits relating to
the timing of recognition of certain gross income, the deductibility of certain expenses or losses
and the attribution of taxable income to a particular jurisdiction or jurisdictions. Of the $1.0
billion of unrecognized tax benefits, approximately $311 million relates to temporary differences
that, if recognized, would only impact the effective rate due to net interest assessments and state
tax rate differentials and approximately $434 million relates to amounts recorded to equity that,
if recognized, would not impact the effective rate. With respect to the remaining decrease of $261
million, it is not possible to quantify the impact that the decrease could have on the effective
tax rate and net income due to the inherent complexities and the number of tax years open for
examination in multiple jurisdictions. Resolution of the prior years items that comprise this
remaining amount could have an impact on the effective tax rate and on net income, either favorably
(principally as a result of settlements that are less than the liability for unrecognized tax
benefits) or unfavorably (if such settlements exceed the liability for unrecognized tax benefits).
The following table summarizes the Companys effective tax rate:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Full Year |
|
|
|
March 31, 2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
Effective tax rate(a) |
|
|
32 |
% |
|
|
32 |
% |
|
|
|
(a) |
|
Each of the periods reflects recurring, permanent tax benefits in relation to the level of
pretax income. |
24
AMERICAN EXPRESS COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
13. Earnings Per Common Share (EPS)
The computations of basic and diluted EPS for the three months ended March 31 were as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Millions, except per share amounts) |
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
Numerator: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic and diluted: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income |
|
$ |
1,177 |
|
|
$ |
885 |
|
Earnings allocated to participating share awards and other items(a) |
|
|
(14 |
) |
|
|
(12 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income attributable to common shareholders |
|
$ |
1,163 |
|
|
$ |
873 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Denominator: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic: Weighted-average common stock |
|
|
1,192 |
|
|
|
1,185 |
|
Add: Weighted-average stock options and warrants(b) |
|
|
6 |
|
|
|
6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Diluted |
|
|
1,198 |
|
|
|
1,191 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic EPS |
|
$ |
0.98 |
|
|
$ |
0.74 |
|
Diluted EPS |
|
$ |
0.97 |
|
|
$ |
0.73 |
|
|
|
|
(a) |
|
The Companys unvested restricted stock awards, which include the right to receive
non-forfeitable dividends or dividend equivalents, are considered participating securities.
Calculations of EPS under the two-class method (i) exclude any dividends paid or owed on
participating securities and any undistributed earnings considered to be attributable to
participating securities from the numerator and (ii) exclude the participating securities from
the denominator. |
|
(b) |
|
For the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, the dilutive effect of unexercised stock
options excludes 23 million and 40 million options, respectively, from the computation of EPS
because inclusion of the options would have been anti-dilutive. |
Subordinated debentures of $750 million issued by the Company in 2006 would affect the EPS
computation only in the unlikely event the Company fails to achieve specified performance measures
related to the Companys tangible common equity and consolidated net income. In that circumstance
the Company would reflect the additional common shares in the EPS computation.
14. Details of Certain Consolidated Statements of Income Lines
The following is a detail of other commissions and fees for the three months ended March 31:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Millions) |
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
Foreign currency conversion revenue |
|
$ |
213 |
|
|
$ |
188 |
Delinquency fees |
|
|
143 |
|
|
|
159 |
Service fees |
|
|
87 |
|
|
|
82 |
Other |
|
|
86 |
|
|
|
71 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total other commissions and fees |
|
$ |
529 |
|
|
$ |
500 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
The following is a detail of other revenues for the three months ended March 31:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Millions) |
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
Global Network Services partner revenues |
|
$ |
146 |
|
|
$ |
114 |
Insurance premium revenue |
|
|
62 |
|
|
|
74 |
Gain on investment securities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
Other |
|
|
267 |
|
|
|
236 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total other revenues |
|
$ |
475 |
|
|
$ |
425 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
25
AMERICAN EXPRESS COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
The following is a detail of marketing, promotion, rewards and cardmember services for the
three months ended March 31:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Millions) |
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
Marketing and promotion |
|
$ |
709 |
|
|
$ |
619 |
Cardmember rewards |
|
|
1,577 |
|
|
|
1,211 |
Cardmember services |
|
|
164 |
|
|
|
157 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total marketing, promotion, rewards and cardmember services |
|
$ |
2,450 |
|
|
$ |
1,987 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
The following is a detail of other, net expense for the three months ended March 31:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Millions) |
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
Occupancy and equipment |
|
$ |
394 |
|
|
$ |
384 |
|
Communications |
|
|
95 |
|
|
|
95 |
|
MasterCard and Visa settlements |
|
|
(213 |
) |
|
|
(213 |
) |
Other |
|
|
291 |
|
|
|
224 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total other, net expense |
|
$ |
567 |
|
|
$ |
490 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
15. Contingencies
The Company and its subsidiaries are involved in a number of legal proceedings concerning matters
arising in connection with the conduct of their respective business activities and are periodically
subject to governmental examinations (including by regulatory authorities), information gathering
requests, subpoenas, inquiries and investigations (collectively, governmental examinations). As
of March 31, 2011, the Company and various of its subsidiaries were named as a defendant or were
otherwise involved in numerous legal proceedings and governmental examinations in various
jurisdictions, both in and outside the United States. The Company discloses certain of its more
significant legal proceedings and governmental examinations under Item 1. Legal Proceedings in Part
II. Other Information (Legal Proceedings).
The Company has recorded liabilities for certain of its outstanding legal proceedings and
governmental examinations. A liability is accrued when it is both (a) probable that a loss with
respect to the legal proceeding has occurred and (b) the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated
although, as discussed below, there may be an exposure to loss in excess of the accrued liability.
The Company evaluates, on a quarterly basis, developments in legal proceedings and governmental
examinations that could cause an increase or decrease in the amount of the liability that has been
previously accrued.
The Companys legal proceedings range from cases brought by a single plaintiff to class actions
with hundreds of thousands of putative class members. These legal proceedings, as well as
governmental examinations, involve various lines of business of the Company and a variety of claims
(including, but not limited to, common law tort, contract, antitrust and consumer protection
claims), some of which present novel factual allegations and/or unique legal theories. While some
matters pending against the Company specify the damages claimed by the plaintiff, many seek a
not-yet-quantified amount of damages or are at very early stages of the legal process. Even when
the amount of damages claimed against the Company are stated, the claimed amount may be exaggerated
and/or unsupported. As a result, some matters have not yet progressed sufficiently through
discovery and/or development of important factual information and legal issues to enable the
Company to estimate a range of possible loss.
26
AMERICAN EXPRESS COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
Other matters have progressed sufficiently through discovery and/or development of important
factual information and legal issues such that the Company is able to estimate a range of possible
loss. Accordingly, for those legal proceedings and governmental examination disclosed in Legal
Proceedings as to which a loss is reasonably possible in future periods, whether in excess of a
related accrued liability or where there is no accrued liability, and for which the Company is able
to estimate a range of possible loss, the current estimated range is zero to $520 million in excess
of the accrued liability (if any) related to those matters. This aggregate range represents
managements estimate of possible loss with respect to these matters and is based on currently
available information. This estimated range of possible loss does not represent the Companys
maximum loss exposure. The legal proceedings and governmental examinations underlying the estimated
range will change from time to time and actual results may vary significantly from the current
estimate.
Based on its current knowledge, and taking into consideration its litigation-related liabilities,
the Company believes it is not a party to, nor are any of its properties the subject of, any
pending legal proceeding or governmental examination that would have a material adverse effect on
the Companys consolidated financial condition or liquidity. However, in light of the uncertainties
involved in such matters, the ultimate outcome of a particular matter could be material to the
Companys operating results for a particular period depending on, among other factors, the size of
the loss or liability imposed and the level of the Companys income for that period.
16. Reportable Operating Segments
The Company is a leading global payments and travel company that is principally engaged in
businesses comprising four reportable operating segments: USCS, ICS, GCS and GNMS. Corporate
functions and auxiliary businesses, including the Companys publishing business, the Enterprise
Growth Group (including the Global Prepaid Group), as well as other company operations are included
in Corporate & Other.
Beginning in the first quarter of 2011, the Company changed its segment allocation methodology to
better align segment reporting with the Companys previously announced management reorganization,
which has been implemented over the last several quarters. The reorganization included the
formation of the Enterprise Growth Group, which is reported in the Corporate & Other segment.
Starting in the first quarter of 2011, certain business activities such as Loyalty Edge and Global
Foreign Exchange Services that were previously managed and reported in the USCS and GCS operating
segments, respectively, are now managed by Enterprise Growth and reported in the Corporate & Other
segment. The reorganization also included consolidation of certain corporate support functions
into the Global Services organization. Greater centralization of activities has led to
modifications in the costs being allocated from the Corporate & Other segment to the reported
operating segments starting in the first quarter of 2011. Prior period segment results have been
revised for these changes.
27
AMERICAN EXPRESS COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
The following table presents certain operating segment information for the three months ended March
31:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Millions) |
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
Non-interest revenues: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
USCS |
|
$ |
2,486 |
|
|
$ |
2,281 |
|
ICS |
|
|
989 |
|
|
|
878 |
|
GCS |
|
|
1,177 |
|
|
|
1,013 |
|
GNMS |
|
|
1,088 |
|
|
|
934 |
|
Corporate & Other, including adjustments and eliminations(a) |
|
|
157 |
|
|
|
147 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
5,897 |
|
|
$ |
5,253 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest income: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
USCS |
|
$ |
1,294 |
|
|
$ |
1,411 |
|
ICS |
|
|
325 |
|
|
|
363 |
|
GCS |
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
GNMS |
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
Corporate & Other, including adjustments and eliminations(a) |
|
|
105 |
|
|
|
129 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
1,727 |
|
|
$ |
1,905 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest expense: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
USCS |
|
$ |
203 |
|
|
$ |
190 |
|
ICS |
|
|
106 |
|
|
|
106 |
|
GCS |
|
|
58 |
|
|
|
49 |
|
GNMS |
|
|
(48 |
) |
|
|
(47 |
) |
Corporate & Other, including adjustments and eliminations(a) |
|
|
274 |
|
|
|
300 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
593 |
|
|
$ |
598 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenues, net of interest expense: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
USCS |
|
$ |
3,577 |
|
|
$ |
3,502 |
|
ICS |
|
|
1,208 |
|
|
|
1,135 |
|
GCS |
|
|
1,121 |
|
|
|
965 |
|
GNMS |
|
|
1,137 |
|
|
|
982 |
|
Corporate & Other, including adjustments and eliminations(a) |
|
|
(12 |
) |
|
|
(24 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
7,031 |
|
|
$ |
6,560 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
USCS |
|
$ |
555 |
|
|
$ |
414 |
|
ICS |
|
|
189 |
|
|
|
139 |
|
GCS |
|
|
184 |
|
|
|
85 |
|
GNMS |
|
|
313 |
|
|
|
253 |
|
Corporate & Other, including adjustments and eliminations(a) |
|
|
(64 |
) |
|
|
(6 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
1,177 |
|
|
$ |
885 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(a) |
|
Corporate & Other includes adjustments and eliminations for intersegment activity. |
28
|
|
|
ITEM 2. |
|
MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF
OPERATIONS |
American Express is a global service company that provides customers with access to products,
insights and experiences that enrich lives and build business success. The Companys principal
products and services are charge and credit payment card products and travel-related services
offered to consumers and businesses around the world. The Companys range of products and services
include:
|
|
charge and credit card products; |
|
|
|
expense management products and services; |
|
|
|
consumer and business travel services; |
|
|
|
stored value products such as Travelers Cheques and other prepaid products; |
|
|
|
network services; |
|
|
|
merchant acquisition and processing, point-of-sale, servicing and settlement, and marketing
and information products and services for merchants; and |
|
|
|
fee services, including market and trend analyses and related consulting services, fraud
prevention services, and the design of customized customer loyalty and rewards programs. |
The Companys products and services are sold globally to diverse customer groups, including
consumers, small businesses, mid-sized companies and large corporations. These products and
services are sold through various channels, including direct mail, on-line applications, targeted
direct and third-party sales forces, and direct response advertising.
The Company recently created the Enterprise Growth Group which focuses on generating alternative
sources of revenue on a global basis, both organically and through acquisitions, in areas such as
online and mobile payments and fee-based services.
The Companys products and services generate the following types of revenue for the Company:
|
|
Discount revenue, which is the Companys largest revenue source, represents fees charged to
merchants when cardmembers use their cards to purchase goods and services on the Companys
network; |
|
|
|
Net card fees, which represent revenue earned for annual charge card memberships; |
|
|
|
Travel commissions and fees, which are earned by charging a transaction or management fee for
airline or other travel-related transactions; |
|
|
|
Other commissions and fees, which are earned on foreign exchange conversions and card-related
fees and assessments; |
|
|
|
Other revenue, which represents insurance premiums earned from cardmember travel and other
insurance programs, revenues arising from contracts with Global Network Services (GNS)
partners (including royalties and signing fees), publishing revenues and other miscellaneous
revenue and fees; and |
|
|
|
Interest and fees on loans, which principally represents interest income earned on
outstanding balances, and card fees related to the cardmember loans portfolio. |
29
In addition to funding and operating costs associated with these types of revenue, other major
expense categories are related to marketing and reward programs that add new cardmembers and
promote cardmember loyalty and spending, and provisions for anticipated cardmember credit and fraud
losses.
Going forward, the Company will seek to achieve three financial targets, on average and over time:
|
|
Revenues net of interest expense growth of at least 8 percent; |
|
|
|
Earnings per share (EPS) growth of 12 to 15 percent; and |
|
|
|
Return on average equity (ROE) of 25 percent or more. |
The Company is retaining its historical on average and over time revenue and earnings growth
targets. However, evolving market, regulatory and debt investor expectations will likely cause the
Company, as well as other financial institutions, to maintain in future years a higher level of
capital than they have historically maintained. These higher capital requirements would in turn
lead, all other things being equal, to lower future ROE than the Company has historically targeted.
In addition, the Company recognizes it may need to maintain higher capital levels to support
acquisitions that can augment its business growth. In combination, these factors led the Company to
revise its on average and over time ROE financial target in 2010 to 25 percent or more.
In establishing its revised ROE target, the Company is currently targeting a Tier 1 Common ratio of
10 to 11 percent. If the Company achieves its EPS target as well as the revised ROE target, it
would seek to return, on average and over time, approximately 50 percent of the capital it
generates to shareholders as a dividend or through the repurchase of common stock.
Certain of the statements in this Form 10-Q are forward-looking statements within the meaning of
the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Refer to the Forward-Looking Statements
section below.
Bank Holding Company
The Company is a bank holding company under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956 and the Federal
Reserve Board (Federal Reserve) is the Companys primary federal regulator. As such, the Company is
subject to the Federal Reserves regulations, policies and minimum capital standards.
Current Business Environment/Outlook
The Companys results for the first quarter of 2011 continued to reflect strong spending growth and
improved credit performance. During the quarter cardmember spending volumes grew both in the
United States and internationally, and across all of the Companys businesses.
During the first quarter of 2011, the divergence between the Companys strong growth in consumer
spending and relatively flat borrowing levels continued to illustrate the post-recession change in
customer behavior, as well as the Companys strategic shift in focus to more premium lending customers. While the positive impact of stronger billings growth was partially offset
by lower loan yields, the strong billings growth and improved credit trends again provided the
Company with the opportunity to invest in the business at significant levels and also generate
strong earnings. These investments continue to be focused on driving near-term metrics, and
building capabilities that will benefit the medium to long-term success of the Company. These
investments are reflected not only in marketing and other operating expenses, but also involve
using the Companys strong capital base for acquisitions such as Loyalty Partner, discussed further
in Acquisitions below.
The Company also continued to invest in its rewards programs. During the first quarter rewards
costs rose significantly, reflecting greater spending volumes and higher co-brand expense, as well
as a higher redemption rate estimate for current program participants reflecting an increase in
redemption patterns based on greater customer engagement.
30
The Companys improving credit trends mentioned above contributed to a reduction in loan and
receivable write-offs and in loss reserve levels over the course of the first quarter of 2011 when
compared to 2010. Despite a reduction of approximately $700 million in loss reserve levels during
the quarter, reserve coverage ratios remain at appropriate levels. Going forward, the Company
expects benefits to its results from reserve releases to diminish; in addition, the Company expects
the lending write-off rate
through 2011 and into 2012
to remain below average historical levels over the
last ten years.
Net interest yield declined compared to the first quarter of 2010. The lower yield reflects higher
payment rates and lower revolving levels, and the implementation of elements of the Credit Card
Accountability Responsibility and Disclosure Act of 2009 (the CARD Act), which were partially
offset by the benefit of certain repricing initiatives effective during 2009 and 2010. The Company
expects the net interest yield in the U.S. consumer business to decline, moving closer to historic
levels, but this remains subject to uncertainties such as cardmember behavior and the requirement
under the CARD Act to periodically reevaluate annual percentage rate (APR) increases.
Despite strong momentum across the Companys businesses, the economic and regulatory environments
remain uncertain. In addition, during 2011 the Company will stop receiving quarterly Visa and
MasterCard litigation payments, and favorable year-over-year comparisons will be more difficult in
light of the strong 2010 credit and volume trends. In light of these factors, the Company is moving
forward with plans to slow the growth of its operating expenses toward the end of 2011 and into
2012.
Reengineering Initiatives
On January 19, 2011, the Company announced that it was undertaking various reengineering
initiatives resulting in charges aggregating approximately $113 million pretax (approximately $74
million after-tax), which were recorded in the fourth quarter of 2010. These charges include a
fourth quarter restructuring charge of approximately $98 million pretax ($63 million after-tax)
relating to employee severance obligations and other employee-related costs resulting from the
planned consolidation of facilities within the Companys global servicing network. As noted
previously, the reengineering activities are expected to result in the elimination of approximately
3,500 jobs in the aggregate (including approximately 3,200 jobs relating to the restructuring
charge described in the preceding sentence); however, overall staffing levels are expected to
decrease only by approximately 550 positions on a net basis as new employees are hired at the
locations to which work is being transferred.
During 2011, the Company expects to record restructuring charges in one or more quarterly periods
relating to the reengineering activities described above in the aggregate amount of approximately
$60 million to $80 million pretax (approximately $38 million to $51 million after-tax). During the
first quarter of 2011, the Company recorded $11 million ($7 million after-tax) of such additional
charges.
Substantially all of the reengineering activities are expected to be completed by the end of the
fourth quarter of 2011.
Acquisitions
During the first quarter of 2011, the Company completed the acquisition of a controlling interest
in Loyalty Partner (March 1, 2011) for total consideration of $616 million ($585 million plus $31
million in cash acquired). In addition, the Company may acquire the remaining noncontrolling equity
interest over the next five years at a price based on business performance, which currently has an
estimated fair value of $150 million. Loyalty Partner is a leading marketing services company best
known for the loyalty programs it operates in Germany, Poland and India. Loyalty Partner also
provides market analysis, operating platforms and consulting services that help merchants grow
their businesses. The purchase price allocation will be finalized in a subsequent quarter.
Refer to Note 2 of the Consolidated Financial Statements for further information.
31
American Express Company
Selected Statistical Information
Refer to Glossary of Selected Terminology for the definitions of certain key terms and related
information appearing in the tables below.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended March 31,
(Billions, except percentages and where indicated) |
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
Card billed business: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
United States |
|
$ |
124.1 |
|
|
$ |
108.0 |
|
Outside the United States |
|
|
63.8 |
|
|
|
53.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
187.9 |
|
|
$ |
161.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total cards-in-force: (millions) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
United States |
|
|
49.4 |
|
|
|
48.8 |
|
Outside the United States |
|
|
43.0 |
|
|
|
39.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
92.4 |
|
|
|
88.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic cards-in-force: (millions)(a) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
United States |
|
|
38.3 |
|
|
|
37.8 |
|
Outside the United States |
|
|
34.4 |
|
|
|
31.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
72.7 |
|
|
|
69.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average discount rate |
|
|
2.55 |
% |
|
|
2.55 |
% |
Average basic cardmember spending (dollars)(b) |
|
$ |
3,438 |
|
|
$ |
3,012 |
|
Average fee per card (dollars)(b) |
|
$ |
39 |
|
|
$ |
37 |
|
Average fee per card adjusted (dollars)(b) |
|
$ |
42 |
|
|
$ |
40 |
|
|
|
|
(a) |
|
Prior to and including the fourth quarter of 2010, the Company did not have the data
necessary to separately report Basic and Supplementary cards-in-force (CIF) for Global Network
Services; therefore, all cards-in-force for Global Network Services was reported as Basic CIF.
Beginning in the first quarter of 2011, as the necessary data became available, the Company
began to separately report Basic and Supplementary CIF for Global Network Services. The
Company has accordingly revised prior periods to conform with the current period presentation. |
|
(b) |
|
Average basic cardmember spending and average fee per card are computed from proprietary card
activities only. Average fee per card is computed based on net card fees, including the
amortization of deferred direct acquisition costs, plus card fees included in interest and
fees on loans (including related amortization of deferred direct acquisition costs), divided
by average worldwide proprietary cards-in-force. The card fees related to cardmember loans
included in interest and fees on loans were $64 million and $51 million for the three months
ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. The adjusted average fee per card is computed in
the same manner, but excludes amortization of deferred direct acquisition costs (a portion of
which is charge card related and included in net card fees and a portion of which is lending
related and included in interest and fees on loans). The amount of amortization excluded was
$54 million and $51 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
The Company presents adjusted average fee per card because management believes this metric
presents a useful indicator of card fee pricing across a range of its proprietary card
products. |
32
American Express Company
Selected Statistical Information
(continued)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of or for the Three Months Ended March 31, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Billions, except percentages and where indicated) |
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
Worldwide cardmember receivables |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total receivables |
|
$ |
37.7 |
|
|
$ |
33.7 |
|
Loss reserves (millions) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Beginning balance |
|
$ |
386 |
|
|
$ |
546 |
|
Provision for losses on authorized transactions(a) |
|
|
160 |
|
|
|
184 |
|
Net write-offs |
|
|
(132 |
) |
|
|
(244 |
) |
Other |
|
|
7 |
|
|
|
12 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ending balance |
|
$ |
421 |
|
|
$ |
498 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
% of receivables |
|
|
1.1 |
% |
|
|
1.5 |
% |
Net write-off rate USCS |
|
|
1.7 |
% |
|
|
1.7 |
% |
30 days past due as a % of total USCS |
|
|
1.8 |
% |
|
|
1.9 |
% |
Net loss ratio as a % of charge volume ICS/GCS(b) |
|
|
0.09 |
% |
|
|
0.38 |
% |
90 days past billing as a % of total ICS/GCS(b) |
|
|
0.8 |
% |
|
|
0.9 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Worldwide cardmember loans |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total loans |
|
$ |
57.8 |
|
|
$ |
57.6 |
|
30 days past due as a % of total |
|
|
1.9 |
% |
|
|
3.3 |
% |
Loss reserves (millions) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Beginning balance |
|
$ |
3,646 |
|
|
$ |
3,268 |
|
Adoption of GAAP consolidation standard(c) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,531 |
|
Provision for losses on authorized transactions |
|
|
(139 |
) |
|
|
670 |
|
Net write-offs principal |
|
|
(535 |
) |
|
|
(1,035 |
) |
Write-offs interest and fees |
|
|
(61 |
) |
|
|
(114 |
) |
Other |
|
|
10 |
|
|
|
(6 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ending balance |
|
$ |
2,921 |
|
|
$ |
5,314 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ending Reserves principal |
|
$ |
2,839 |
|
|
$ |
5,161 |
|
Ending Reserves interest and fees |
|
$ |
82 |
|
|
$ |
153 |
|
% of loans |
|
|
5.1 |
% |
|
|
9.2 |
% |
% of past due |
|
|
263 |
% |
|
|
277 |
% |
Average loans |
|
$ |
58.5 |
|
|
$ |
59.3 |
|
Net write-off rate |
|
|
3.7 |
% |
|
|
7.0 |
% |
Net interest income divided by average loans(d)(e) |
|
|
7.9 |
% |
|
|
8.9 |
% |
Net interest yield on cardmember loans(d) |
|
|
9.2 |
% |
|
|
10.3 |
% |
|
|
|
(a) |
|
Represents loss provisions for cardmember receivables consisting of principal (resulting
from authorized transactions) and fee reserve components. |
|
(b) |
|
Effective January 1, 2010, the Company revised the time period in which past due cardmember
receivables in International Card Services and Global Commercial Services are written off to
when they are 180 days past due or earlier, consistent with applicable bank regulatory
guidance and the write-off methodology adopted for U.S. Card Services in the fourth quarter of
2008. Previously, receivables were written off when they were 360 days past billing or
earlier. Therefore, the net write-offs for the first quarter of 2010 include net write-offs of
approximately $60 million for International Card Services and approximately $48 million for
Global Commercial Services resulting from this write-off methodology change, which increased
the net loss ratios and decreased the 90 days past billing metrics for these segments, but did
not have a substantial impact on provisions for losses. If these amounts had been excluded
from net write-offs, the combined net loss ratio for International Card Services/Global
Commercial Services for the first quarter of 2010 would have been 0.13 percent. |
|
(c) |
|
In accordance with GAAP governing accounting for consolidation of variable interest entities
(VIE) effective January 1, 2010, which resulted in the consolidation of the American Express
Credit Account Master Trust (the Lending Trust), $29.0 billion of additional cardmember loans
along with a $2.5 billion loan loss reserve were recorded on the Companys balance sheets. |
|
(d) |
|
See below for calculations of net interest yield on cardmember loans, a non-GAAP measure, and
net interest income divided by average loans, a GAAP measure. The Company believes net
interest yield on cardmember loans is useful to investors because it provides a measure of
profitability of the Companys cardmember loan portfolio. |
|
(e) |
|
This calculation includes elements of total interest income and total interest expense that
are not attributable to the cardmember loan portfolio, and thus is not representative of net
interest yield on cardmember loans. The calculation includes interest income and interest
expense attributable to investment securities and other interest-bearing deposits as well as
to cardmember loans, and interest expense attributable to other activities, including
cardmember receivables. |
33
American Express Company
Selected Statistical Information
(continued)
Calculation of Net Interest Yield on Cardmember Loans
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended March 31, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Millions, except percentages and where indicated) |
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
Net interest income |
|
$ |
1,134 |
|
|
$ |
1,307 |
|
Average loans (billions) |
|
$ |
58.5 |
|
|
$ |
59.3 |
|
Adjusted net interest income |
|
$ |
1,326 |
|
|
$ |
1,498 |
|
Adjusted average loans (billions) |
|
$ |
58.3 |
|
|
$ |
59.2 |
|
Net interest income divided by average loans(a) |
|
|
7.9 |
% |
|
|
8.9 |
% |
Net interest yield on cardmember loans |
|
|
9.2 |
% |
|
|
10.3 |
% |
|
|
|
(a) |
|
Refer to Selected Statistical Information, footnote (e) on page 33. |
The following discussions regarding Consolidated Results of Operations and Consolidated
Liquidity and Capital Resources are presented on a basis consistent with GAAP unless otherwise
noted.
Beginning the first quarter of 2011, certain payments to business partners previously expensed in
other, net expense have been reclassified as contra-revenue within discount revenue or as marketing
and promotion expense. These partner payments are primarily related to certain co-brand contracts
where upfront payments are amortized over the life of the contract. Amounts in prior periods for
this item and certain other amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current presentation
and are insignificant to the affected line items.
Consolidated Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2011 and 2010
The Companys consolidated net income for the three months ended March 31, 2011 increased $292
million or 33 percent to $1.2 billion and diluted EPS increased by $0.24 to $0.97.
The Companys total revenues net of interest expense and total expenses increased by approximately
7 percent and 19 percent, respectively, while total provisions for losses decreased by 90 percent
for the three months ended March 31, 2011 as compared to the same period in the prior year.
Assuming no changes in foreign currency exchange rates from 2010 to 2011, total revenues net of
interest expense and total expenses increased approximately 5 percent and 17 percent, respectively,
while provisions for losses decreased approximately 90 percent in 20111.
Total Revenues Net of Interest Expense
Consolidated total revenues net of interest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2011 of
$7.0 billion were up $471 million or 7 percent from 2010. The increase in total revenues net of
interest expense primarily reflects higher discount revenues, greater travel commissions and fees,
higher other revenue, increased other commissions and fees and higher net card fees, partially
offset by lower net interest income.
Discount revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2011 increased $480 million or 14 percent as
compared to 2010 to $3.9 billion as a result of a 17 percent increase in billed business. The lower
revenue growth versus total billed business growth reflects the relatively faster growth in billed
business related to GNS, where discount revenue is shared with card issuing partners, and higher
contra-revenues, including corporate incentive payments, partner payments and cash back rewards
costs. The average discount rate was 2.55 percent for both the three months ended March 31, 2011
and 2010.
|
|
|
1 |
|
These currency rate adjustments
assume a constant exchange rate between periods being compared for
purposes of currency translation into U.S. dollars (i.e., assumes the
foreign exchange rates used to determine results for the three months
ended March 31, 2011 apply to the corresponding year-earlier period
against which such results are being compared). The Company believes that
this presentation is helpful to investors by making it easier to compare
the Companys performance from one period to another without the
variability caused by fluctuations in currency exchange rates. |
34
U.S. billed business and billed business outside the United States were up 15 percent and 20
percent, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2011. The increase in billed business
within the United States reflected an increase in average spending per proprietary basic card and a
slight increase in basic cards-in-force. The increase in billed business outside the United States
reflected an increase in average spending per proprietary basic card and basic cards-in-force.
The table below summarizes selected statistics for billed business and average spend during the
three months ended March 31, 2011 compared to the same period in the prior year:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2011 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Percentage Increase |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Decrease) Assuming |
|
|
|
Percentage |
|
|
No Changes in |
|
|
|
Increase |
|
|
Foreign Exchange |
|
|
|
(Decrease) |
|
|
Rates |
(a) |
Worldwide(b) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Billed business |
|
|
17 |
% |
|
|
15 |
% |
Proprietary billed business |
|
|
15 |
|
|
|
13 |
|
GNS billed business(c) |
|
|
29 |
|
|
|
24 |
|
Average spending per proprietary basic card |
|
|
14 |
|
|
|
13 |
|
Basic cards-in-force |
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
|
|
United States(b) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Billed business |
|
|
15 |
|
|
|
|
|
Average spending per proprietary basic card |
|
|
13 |
|
|
|
|
|
Basic cards-in-force |
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
Proprietary consumer card billed business(d) |
|
|
13 |
|
|
|
|
|
Proprietary small business billed business(d) |
|
|
14 |
|
|
|
|
|
Proprietary Corporate Services billed business(e) |
|
|
18 |
|
|
|
|
|
Outside the United States(b) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Billed business |
|
|
20 |
|
|
|
14 |
|
Average spending per proprietary basic card |
|
|
18 |
|
|
|
12 |
|
Basic cards-in-force |
|
|
10 |
|
|
|
|
|
Proprietary consumer and small business billed business(f) |
|
|
16 |
|
|
|
10 |
|
Proprietary Corporate Services billed business(e) |
|
|
21 |
|
|
|
15 |
|
|
|
|
(a) |
|
Refer to footnote 1 on page 34 relating to changes in foreign exchange rates. |
|
(b) |
|
Captions in the table above not designated as proprietary or GNS include both proprietary
and GNS data. |
|
(c) |
|
Included in the Global Network & Merchant Services (GNMS) segment. |
|
(d) |
|
Included in the U.S. Card Services (USCS) segment. |
|
(e) |
|
Included in the Global Commercial Services (GCS) segment. |
|
(f) |
|
Included in the International Card Services (ICS) segment. |
Assuming no changes in foreign exchange rates, total billed business outside the United
States grew 18 percent in Japan, Asia Pacific and Australia, 16 percent in Latin America and Canada
and 10 percent in Europe, the Middle East and Africa.
Total cards-in-force increased 5 percent worldwide due to a 14 percent increase in GNS, a 2 percent
increase in USCS and a 1 percent increase in GCS. During the quarter, total cards-in-force
increased by 500,000 in the United States and increased 900,000 outside of the
United States.
Travel commissions and fees increased $69 million or 18 percent to $454 million, primarily
reflecting a 17 percent increase in worldwide travel sales.
35
Other commissions and fees increased $29 million or 6 percent to $529 million, driven primarily by
greater foreign currency conversion revenues related to higher spending and revenues related to
Loyalty Partner operations, partially offset by lower delinquency fees.
Other revenues increased $50 million or 12 percent to $475 million, primarily reflecting higher GNS
partner royalty revenues, higher merchant-related fee revenues, higher foreign exchange fees and
higher global prepaid and publishing revenues, partially offset by reduced insurance revenues.
Interest income decreased $178 million or 9 percent to $1.7 billion for the three months ended
March 31, 2011 compared to the same period in the prior year. Interest and fees on loans decreased
9 percent, driven by a lower yield on cardmember loans. The lower net yield reflects lower
revolving levels, in part driven by higher payment rates, and the implementation of elements of the
CARD Act. These reductions to yield were partially offset by the benefit of certain repricing
initiatives effective during 2009 and 2010. Interest and dividends on investment securities
decreased $29 million or 25 percent to $88 million, primarily reflecting decreased investment
levels, partially offset by higher investment yields. Interest on deposits with banks and others
increased $7 million or 54 percent to $20 million, primarily due to higher average deposit balances
versus the prior year.
Interest expense decreased $5 million or 1 percent to $593 million for the three months ended March
31, 2011 compared to the same period in 2010. Interest on deposits increased $9 million or 7
percent to $137 million, as an increase in balances was partially offset by a lower cost of funds.
Interest on long-term debt and other decreased 3 percent, reflecting a lower average long-term debt
balance, partially offset by a higher effective cost of funds.
Provisions for Losses
Provisions for losses of $97 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011 decreased $846
million or 90 percent compared to the same period in 2010. Charge card provisions for losses
decreased $29 million or 13 percent, primarily driven by improved year-over-year credit trends,
partially offset by higher receivable levels. Cardmember loans provisions for losses decreased $808
million to a credit balance of $120 million, primarily reflecting lower write-offs, improved
delinquency and roll rates and a lower cardmember reserve requirement at the end of the first
quarter of 2011 due to improving credit performance and a stronger credit profile. Other provisions
for losses decreased $9 million or 32 percent.
Expenses
Consolidated expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2011 were $5.2 billion, up $837 million
or 19 percent from $4.4 billion in 2010. The increase reflects increased cardmember rewards
expenses, higher salaries and employee benefits expenses, greater professional services expenses,
higher marketing and promotional expenses, higher other, net expenses, higher occupancy and
equipment expenses, and higher cardmember services expenses.
Marketing and promotion expenses increased $90 million or 15 percent to $709 million for the three
months ended March 31, 2011 from $619 million in 2010, reflecting increased investment spending
resulting from continued strong credit and business trends during the first quarter of 2011.
36
Cardmember rewards expenses increased $366 million or 30 percent to $1.6 billion in 2011 from $1.2
billion in 2010, reflecting higher rewards-related spending volumes and co-brand expense. In
addition, the Company increased its U.S. Membership Rewards program ultimate redemption rate
estimate for current program participants to reflect an increase in redemption patterns based on
greater customer engagement. This increase caused the global ultimate redemption rate to increase
from approximately 91 percent as of December 31, 2010 to approximately 92 percent as of March 31,
2011, which resulted in additional rewards expense in the first quarter of 2011 of approximately
$188 million. Refer to Critical Accounting Policies in the Companys 2010 Annual Report to
Shareholders for further discussion of its accounting policy for reserves for Membership Rewards
costs.
Salaries and employee benefits expenses increased $195 million or 15 percent to $1.5 billion for
the three months ended March 31, 2011 from $1.3 billion in 2010, reflecting higher employee levels,
merit increases for existing employees, higher benefit-related costs and higher incentive related
compensation.
Professional services expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2011 increased $102 million or
18 percent compared to the same period in 2010, reflecting higher technology development
expenditures including various initiatives related to digitizing the business, globalizing
operating platforms, and enhancing analytical and data capabilities; higher legal costs; and
greater third-party merchant sales-force commissions.
Other, net expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2011 increased $67 million to $78 million
compared to the same period in 2010, primarily reflecting a charge in the first quarter of 2011
related to accounting for hedging the Companys fixed-rate debt compared to a benefit in the first
quarter of 2010, higher taxes other than income and higher travel and entertainment costs.
Income Taxes
The effective tax rate was 32 percent for the three months ended March 31, 2011 compared to 29
percent for the same period in 2010. The tax rates in both periods reflect the level of pretax
income in relation to recurring permanent tax benefits.
37
Consolidated Capital Resources and Liquidity
The Companys balance sheet management objectives are to maintain:
|
|
A solid and flexible equity capital profile; |
|
|
|
A broad, deep and diverse set of funding sources to finance its assets and meet operating
requirements; and |
|
|
|
Liquidity programs that enable the Company to continuously meet expected future financing
obligations and business requirements, even in the event it is unable to raise new funds under
its regular funding programs. |
Capital Strategy
The Companys objective is to retain sufficient levels of capital generated through earnings and
other sources to maintain a solid equity capital base and to provide flexibility to satisfy future
business growth. The Company believes capital allocated to growing businesses with a return on
risk-adjusted equity in excess of its costs will generate shareholder value.
The level and composition of the Companys consolidated capital position are determined through the
Companys internal capital adequacy assessment process (ICAAP), which reflects its business
activities, as well as marketplace conditions and credit rating agency requirements. They are also
influenced by subsidiary capital requirements. The Company, as a bank holding company, is also
subject to regulatory requirements administered by the U.S. federal banking agencies. The Federal
Reserve has established specific capital adequacy guidelines that involve quantitative measures of
assets, liabilities and certain off-balance sheet items.
The Company currently calculates and reports its capital ratios under the measurement standards
commonly referred to as Basel I. In June 2004, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision
(commonly referred to as Basel) published new international guidelines for determining regulatory
capital (Basel II). In December 2007, the U.S. bank regulatory agencies jointly adopted a final
rule based on Basel II. The Company is not yet subject to the
reporting requirements of Basel II,
but is taking preparatory steps in contemplation of its adoption.
The Dodd-Frank Reform Act and a series of international capital and liquidity standards known as
Basel III published by Basel on December 16, 2010 will in the future change these current
quantitative measures. In general, these changes will involve, for the U.S. banking industry as a
whole, a reduction in the types of instruments deemed to be capital along with an increase in the
amount of capital that assets, liabilities and certain off-balance sheet items require. These
changes will generally serve to reduce reported capital ratios compared to current capital
guidelines. The specific U.S. guidelines supporting the new standards and the Basel III capital
standards have not been finalized, but are generally expected to be issued before this year-end. In
addition to these measurement changes, international and U.S. banking regulators could
increase the ratio levels at which banks would be deemed to be well capitalized.
38
The following table presents the regulatory risk-based capital ratios and leverage ratio for
the Company and its significant bank subsidiaries, as well as additional ratios widely utilized
in the marketplace, as of the first quarter of 2011:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Well- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Capitalized |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ratio |
|
|
Actual |
|
Risk-Based Capital |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tier 1 |
|
|
6 |
% |
|
|
|
|
American Express Company |
|
|
|
|
|
|
11.8 |
% |
Centurion Bank |
|
|
|
|
|
|
21.0 |
% |
FSB |
|
|
|
|
|
|
17.7 |
% |
Total |
|
|
10 |
% |
|
|
|
|
American Express Company |
|
|
|
|
|
|
13.9 |
% |
Centurion Bank |
|
|
|
|
|
|
22.3 |
% |
FSB |
|
|
|
|
|
|
20.1 |
% |
Tier 1 Leverage |
|
|
5 |
% |
|
|
|
|
American Express Company |
|
|
|
|
|
|
9.4 |
% |
Centurion Bank |
|
|
|
|
|
|
20.4 |
% |
FSB |
|
|
|
|
|
|
15.0 |
% |
Tier 1 Common Risk-Based |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
American Express Company |
|
|
|
|
|
|
11.8 |
% |
Common Equity to Risk-Weighted Assets |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
American Express Company |
|
|
|
|
|
|
15.7 |
% |
Tangible Common Equity to Risk-Weighted Assets |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
American Express Company |
|
|
|
|
|
|
11.7 |
% |
Basel III, when implemented by the U.S. banking agencies and fully phased-in, will require
bank holding companies and their bank subsidiaries to maintain substantially more capital, with a
greater emphasis on common equity. While final implementation of the rules related to capital
ratios will be determined by the Federal Reserve, the Company estimates that had the new rules been
in place during the first quarter of 2011, the reported Tier 1 risk-based capital and Tier 1 common
risk-based ratios would decline by approximately 80 basis points. In addition, the impact of the
new rules on the reported Tier 1 leverage ratio would be a decline of approximately 170 basis
points. The estimated impact of the Basel III rules will change over time based upon changes in
the size and composition of the Companys balance sheet as well as based on the U.S. implementation
of the Basel III rules.
The following provides definitions for the Companys regulatory risk-based capital ratios and
leverage ratio, all of which are calculated as per standard regulatory guidance:
Risk-Weighted Assets Assets are weighted for risk according to a formula used by the Federal
Reserve to conform to capital adequacy guidelines. On and off-balance sheet items are weighted for
risk, with off-balance sheet items converted to balance sheet equivalents, using risk conversion
factors, before being allocated a risk-adjusted weight. The off-balance sheet items comprise a
minimal part of the overall calculation. Risk-weighted assets as of March 31, 2011 were $111.4
billion.
Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital Ratio The Tier 1 capital ratio is calculated as Tier 1 capital divided
by risk-weighted assets. Tier 1 capital is the sum of common shareholders equity, certain
perpetual preferred stock (not applicable to the Company), and noncontrolling interests in
consolidated subsidiaries, adjusted for ineligible goodwill and intangible assets, as well as
certain other comprehensive income items as follows: net unrealized gains/losses on securities and
derivatives, and net unrealized pension and other postretirement benefit losses, all net of tax.
Tier 1 capital as of March 31, 2011 was $13.2 billion. This ratio is commonly used by regulatory
agencies to assess a financial institutions financial strength and is the primary form of capital
used to absorb losses beyond current loss accrual estimates.
39
Total Risk-Based Capital Ratio The total risk-based capital ratio is calculated as the sum of
Tier 1 capital and Tier 2 capital, divided by risk-weighted assets. Tier 2 capital is the sum of
the allowance for receivable and loan losses (limited to 1.25 percent of risk-weighted assets) and
45 percent of the unrealized gains on equity securities, plus a $750 million subordinated hybrid
security, for which the Company received approval from the Federal Reserve Board for treatment as
Tier 2 capital. Tier 2 capital as of March 31, 2011 was $2.4 billion.
Tier 1 Leverage Ratio The Tier 1 leverage ratio is calculated by dividing Tier 1 capital by the
Companys average total consolidated assets for the most recent
quarter. Average total consolidated
assets as of March 31, 2011 were $139.5 billion.
The following provides definitions for capital ratios widely used in the marketplace, although they
may be calculated differently by different companies:
Tier 1 Common Risk-Based Capital Ratio The Tier 1 common risk-based capital ratio is calculated
as Tier 1 common capital divided by risk weighted assets. As of March 31, 2011, the Tier 1 common
capital was $13.2 billion and is calculated as Tier 1 capital less (a) certain noncontrolling
interests (applicable but immaterial for the Company), (b) qualifying perpetual preferred stock and
(c) trust preferred securities. Items (b) and (c) are not applicable for the Company. While this
was not one of the required risk-based capital ratios for regulatory reporting purposes, it was
submitted to the Federal Reserve on January 7, 2011 as part of its 2011 Capital Plan Review.
Common Equity and Tangible Common Equity to Risk-Weighted Assets Ratios Common equity equals the
Companys shareholders equity of $17.5 billion as of March 31, 2011, and tangible common equity
equals common equity, less goodwill and other intangibles of $4.5 billion. Management believes
presenting the ratio of tangible common equity to risk-weighted assets is a useful measure of
evaluating the strength of the Companys capital position.
The Company seeks to maintain capital levels and ratios in excess of the minimum regulatory
requirements; failure to maintain minimum capital levels could affect the Companys status as a
financial holding company and cause the respective regulatory agencies to take actions that could
limit the Companys business operations.
The Companys primary source of equity capital has been through the generation of net income.
Historically, capital generated through net income and other sources, such as the exercise of stock
options by employees, has exceeded the growth in its capital requirements. To the extent capital
has exceeded business, regulatory and rating agency requirements, the Company has returned excess
capital to shareholders through its regular common share dividend and share repurchase program.
The Company maintains certain flexibility to shift capital across its businesses as appropriate.
For example, the Company may infuse additional capital into subsidiaries to maintain capital at
targeted levels in consideration of debt ratings and regulatory requirements. These infused amounts
can affect the capital profile and liquidity levels for American Express Parent Company (Parent
Company).
Share Repurchases and Dividends
The Company has a share repurchase program to return excess capital to shareholders. These share
repurchases reduce shares outstanding and offset, in whole or part, the issuance of new shares as
part of employee compensation plans.
During the three months ended March 31, 2011, the Company returned $217 million in dividends to
shareholders, which represents approximately 16 percent of total capital generated.
40
On a cumulative basis, since 1994, the Company has distributed 63 percent of capital generated
through share repurchases and dividends.
The Company did not repurchase shares through the repurchase program during the first quarter of
2011. On January 7, 2011, the Company submitted its Comprehensive Capital Plan (CCP) to the
Federal Reserve requesting approval to proceed with additional share repurchases in 2011. The CCP
included an analysis of performance and capital availability under certain adverse economic
assumptions, as well as a capital distribution plan outlining the Companys plans to return capital
to shareholders in 2011 through dividends and share repurchases. On March 18, 2011, the Company was
informed that the Federal Reserve had no objections to the Companys 2011 capital distribution
plan. The number of shares that will be repurchased in 2011 will be based on the Companys business
plans and financial performance, and will be consistent with its submitted capital distribution
plan. The Company commenced share repurchase activities during the second quarter of
2011.
As discussed above, the objective is to return to shareholders, on average and over time,
approximately 50 percent of the capital it generates through a combination of dividends and the
repurchase of common shares.
Funding Strategy
The Companys principal funding objective is to maintain broad and well-diversified funding sources
to allow it to meet its maturing obligations, cost-effectively finance current and future asset
growth in its global businesses as well as to maintain a strong liquidity profile. The diversity of
funding sources by type of debt instrument, by maturity and by investor base, among other factors,
provides additional insulation from the impact of disruptions in any one type of debt, maturity or
investor. The mix of the Companys funding in any period will seek to achieve cost-efficiency
consistent with both maintaining diversified sources and achieving its liquidity objectives. The
Companys funding strategy and activities are integrated into its asset-liability management
activities. The Company has in place a Funding Policy covering American Express Company and all of
its subsidiaries.
The Companys proprietary card businesses are the primary asset-generating businesses, with
significant assets in both domestic and international cardmember receivable and lending activities.
The Companys financing needs are in large part a consequence of its proprietary card-issuing
businesses and the maintenance of a liquidity position to support all of its business activities,
such as merchant payments. The Company generally pays merchants for card transactions prior to
reimbursement by cardmembers and therefore funds the merchant payments during the period cardmember
loans and receivables are outstanding. The Company also has additional financing needs associated
with general corporate purposes, including acquisition activities.
The Company seeks to raise funds to meet all of its financing needs, including seasonal and other
working capital needs, while also seeking to maintain sufficient cash and readily-marketable
securities that are easily convertible to cash, in order to meet the scheduled maturities of all
long-term borrowings on a consolidated basis for a 12-month period.
The Companys equity capital and funding strategies are designed, among other things, to maintain
appropriate and stable unsecured debt ratings from the major credit rating agencies, Moodys
Investor Services (Moodys), Standard & Poors (S&P), Fitch Ratings (Fitch) and Dominion Bond
Rating Services (DBRS). Such ratings help to support the Companys access to cost effective
unsecured funding as part of its overall financing programs. Ratings for the Companys asset-backed
securitization (ABS) activities are evaluated separately.
41
Unsecured Debt Ratings
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Short-Term |
|
Long-Term |
|
|
Credit Agency |
|
Entity Rated |
|
Ratings |
|
Ratings |
|
Outlook |
DBRS
|
|
All rated entities
|
|
R-1
|
|
A
|
|
Stable |
|
|
|
|
(middle)
|
|
(high) |
|
|
Fitch
|
|
All rated entities
TRS and rated
|
|
F1
|
|
A+
|
|
Stable |
Moodys
|
|
operating
subsidiaries
|
|
Prime-1
|
|
A2
|
|
Negative |
Moodys
|
|
American Express
Company
|
|
Prime-2
|
|
A3
|
|
Negative |
S&P
|
|
All rated entities
|
|
A-2
|
|
BBB+
|
|
Stable |
|
Downgrades in the Companys unsecured debt or asset securitization programs securities
ratings could result in higher interest expense on the Companys unsecured debt and asset
securitizations, as well as higher fees related to borrowings under its unused lines of credit. In
addition to increased funding costs, declines in credit ratings could reduce the Companys
borrowing capacity in the unsecured debt and asset securitization capital markets. The Company
believes the change in its funding mix, which now includes an increasing proportion of FDIC-insured
(as defined below) U.S. retail deposits, should reduce the impact that credit rating downgrades
would have on the Companys funding capacity and costs. However, downgrades to certain of the
Companys unsecured debt ratings that have occurred over the last several years have not caused a
permanent increase in the Companys borrowing costs or a reduction in its borrowing capacity.
Deposit Programs
The Company offers deposits within its American Express Centurion Bank and American Express Bank,
FSB subsidiaries (together, the Banks). These funds are currently insured up to $250,000 per
account through the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC). The Companys ability to obtain
deposit funding and offer competitive interest rates is dependent on the Banks capital levels. The
Company, through FSB, has a direct deposit-taking program, Personal Savings from American Express,
to supplement its distribution of deposit products through third-party distribution channels. This
program makes FDIC-insured certificates of deposit (CDs) and high-yield savings account products
available directly to consumers.
During the first quarter of 2011, within U.S. retail deposits the Company focused on continuing to
grow both the number of accounts and the total balances outstanding on savings accounts and CDs
that were sourced directly with consumers through Personal Savings from American Express. The
account and balance growth of Personal Savings from American Express financed the maturities of CDs
issued through third-party distribution channels.
The Company held the following deposits as of:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
March 31, |
|
|
December 31, |
(Billions) |
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
U.S. retail deposits: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Savings accounts Direct |
|
$ |
11.7 |
|
|
$ |
7.7 |
Certificates of deposit:(a) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Direct |
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
|
1.1 |
Third party |
|
|
9.5 |
|
|
|
11.4 |
Sweep accounts Third party |
|
|
8.9 |
|
|
|
8.9 |
Other deposits |
|
|
0.7 |
|
|
|
0.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total customer deposits |
|
$ |
31.8 |
|
|
$ |
29.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(a) |
|
The average remaining maturity and average rate at issuance on the total portfolio of U.S.
retail CDs, issued through direct and third-party programs, were 19.5 months and 2.6 percent,
respectively. |
42
Asset Securitization Programs
The Company periodically securitizes cardmember receivables and loans arising from its card
business, as the securitization market provides the Company with cost-effective funding.
Securitization of cardmember receivables and loans is accomplished through the transfer of those
assets to a trust, which in turn issues certificates or notes (securities) collateralized by the
transferred assets to third-party investors. The proceeds from issuance are distributed to the
Company, through its wholly owned subsidiaries, as consideration for the transferred assets.
The receivables and loans being securitized are reported as owned assets on the Companys
Consolidated Balance Sheets and the related securities issued to third-party investors are reported
as long-term debt.
Under the respective terms of the securitization trust agreements, the occurrence of certain
triggering events could result in payment of trust expenses, establishment of reserve funds, or in
a worst-case scenario, early amortization of investor certificates. No triggering events have
occurred in the three months ended March 31, 2011 that would have resulted in the funding of
reserve accounts or early amortization.
The ability of issuers of asset-backed securities to obtain necessary credit ratings for their
issuances has historically been based, in part, on qualification under the FDICs safe harbor rule
for assets transferred in securitizations. In 2009 and 2010, the FDIC issued a series of changes to
its safe harbor rule, with its new final rule for its securitization safe harbor, issued in 2010,
requiring issuers to comply with a new set of requirements in order to qualify for the safe harbor.
Issuances out of the American Express Credit Account Master Trust (the Lending Trust) are
grandfathered under the new FDIC final rule. The trust for the Companys cardmember charge
receivable securitization (the Charge Trust) does not satisfy the criteria required to be covered
by the FDICs new safe harbor rule, nor did it meet the requirements to be covered by the safe
harbor rule existing prior to 2009. It was structured and continues to be structured such that the
financial assets transferred to the Charge Trust would not be deemed to be property of the
originating banks in the event the FDIC is appointed as a receiver or conservator of the
originating banks. The Company has received confirmation from Moodys, S&P and Fitch, which rate
issuances from the Charge Trust, that they will continue to rate issuances from the trust in the
same manner as they have historically, even though the Charge Trust does not satisfy the
requirements to be covered by the FDICs safe harbor rule. Nevertheless, one or more of the rating
agencies may ultimately conclude that in the absence of compliance with the safe harbor rule, the
highest rating a Charge Trust security could receive would be based on the originating banks
unsecured debt rating. If one or more rating agencies come to this conclusion, it could adversely
impact the Companys capacity and cost of using its Charge Trust as a source of funding for its
business.
Liquidity Management
The Companys liquidity objective is to maintain access to a diverse set of cash,
readily-marketable securities and contingent sources of liquidity, such that the Company can
continuously meet expected future financing obligations and business requirements, even in the
event it is unable to raise new funds under its regular funding programs. The Company has in place
a Liquidity Risk Policy that sets out the Companys approach to managing liquidity risk on an
enterprise-wide basis.
The Company incurs and accepts liquidity risk arising in the normal course of offering its products
and services. The liquidity risks that the Company is exposed to can arise from a variety of
sources, and thus its liquidity management strategy includes a variety of parameters, assessments
and guidelines, including but not limited to:
|
|
Maintaining a diversified set of funding sources (refer to Funding Strategy section for
more details); |
|
|
|
Maintaining unencumbered liquid assets and off-balance sheet liquidity sources; and |
|
|
|
Projecting cash inflows and outflows from a variety of sources and under a variety of
scenarios, including contingent liquidity exposures such as unused cardmember lines of credit
and collateral requirements for derivative transactions. |
43
The Companys current liquidity target is to have adequate liquidity in the form of excess cash and
readily-marketable securities that are easily convertible into cash to satisfy all maturing
long-term funding obligations for a 12-month period. In addition to its cash and readily-marketable
securities, the Company maintains a variety of contingent liquidity resources, such as access to
secured borrowings through its undrawn amount under the conduit facility and the Federal Reserve
discount window as well as committed bank credit facilities.
As of March 31, 2011, the Companys excess cash and readily-marketable securities available to fund
long-term maturities were as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
(Billions) |
|
Total |
|
Cash |
|
$ |
22.0 |
|
Readily-marketable securities |
|
|
4.1 |
(a) |
|
|
|
|
Cash and readily-marketable securities |
|
|
26.1 |
|
Less: |
|
|
|
|
Other cash on hand to fund operations |
|
|
5.3 |
(b) |
Short-term obligations outstanding |
|
|
0.8 |
(c) |
|
|
|
|
Cash and readily-marketable securities available to fund maturities |
|
$ |
20.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(a) |
|
Consists of certain available-for-sale investment securities (U.S. Treasury and agency
securities, and government-guaranteed debt) that are considered highly liquid. |
|
(b) |
|
Cash on hand for day-to-day operations. |
|
(c) |
|
Consists of commercial paper and U.S. retail CDs with original maturities of three and six
months. |
The upcoming approximate maturities of the Companys long-term unsecured debt, debt issued in
connection with asset-backed securitizations and long-term certificates of deposit are as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Billions) |
|
Debt Maturities |
|
|
Unsecured |
|
|
Asset-Backed |
|
|
Certificates of |
|
|
|
Quarter Ending: |
|
Debt |
|
|
Securitizations |
|
|
Deposit |
|
|
Total |
June 30, 2011 |
|
$ |
1.4 |
|
|
$ |
1.5 |
|
|
$ |
1.6 |
|
|
$ |
4.5 |
September 30, 2011 |
|
|
0.6 |
|
|
|
0.6 |
|
|
|
0.7 |
|
|
|
1.9 |
December 31, 2011 |
|
|
6.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.3 |
|
|
|
8.2 |
March 31, 2012 |
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
|
0.5 |
|
|
|
1.2 |
|
|
|
2.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
9.9 |
|
|
$ |
2.6 |
|
|
$ |
4.8 |
|
|
$ |
17.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Companys financing needs for the next 12 months are expected to arise from these debt and
deposit maturities as well as changes in business needs, including changes in outstanding
cardmember loans and receivables as well as acquisition activities.
The Company considers various factors in determining the amount of liquidity it maintains, such as
economic and financial market conditions, seasonality in business operations, growth in its
businesses, potential acquisitions or dispositions, the cost and availability of alternative
liquidity sources, and regulatory and credit rating agency considerations.
The yield the Company receives on its cash and readily-marketable securities is, generally, less
than the interest expense on the sources of funding for these balances. Thus, the Company incurs
substantial net interest costs on these amounts.
The level of net interest costs will be dependent on the size of its cash and readily-marketable
securities holdings, as well as the difference between its cost of funding these amounts and their
investment yields.
Securitized Borrowing Capacity
The Company maintained a $3 billion committed, revolving, secured financing facility sponsored by
and with liquidity backup provided by a syndicate of banks as of March 31, 2011. The facility is
used in the ordinary course of business to fund seasonal working capital needs, as well as further
enhance the Companys contingent funding resources. In December of 2010, the Company drew $2.5
billion from the
44
facility, which was paid back completely in March of 2011. The Company incurred an interest cost on
the drawn amount that was equal to the weighted average cost of funds, which was approximately
1-month LIBOR, for the period of December 2010 to March 2011, plus 25 basis points.
Federal Reserve Discount Window
The Banks are insured depository institutions that have the capability of borrowing from the
Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, subject to the amount of qualifying collateral that they may
pledge. The Federal Reserve has indicated that both credit and charge card receivables are a form
of qualifying collateral for secured borrowing made through the discount window. Whether specific
assets will be considered qualifying collateral for secured borrowings made through the discount
window, and the amount that may be borrowed against the collateral, remains in the discretion of
the Federal Reserve.
The Company had approximately $32.3 billion as of March 31, 2011, in U.S. credit card loans and
charge card receivables that could be sold over time through its existing securitization trusts, or
pledged in return for secured borrowings to provide further liquidity, subject in each case to
applicable market conditions and eligibility criteria.
Committed Bank Credit Facilities
The Company maintained committed bank credit facilities as of March 31, 2011, as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Parent |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Centurion |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Billions) |
|
Company |
|
|
Credco |
|
|
Bank |
|
|
FSB |
|
|
Total |
(a) |
Committed(b) |
|
$ |
0.8 |
|
|
$ |
9.0 |
|
|
$ |
0.4 |
|
|
$ |
0.4 |
|
|
$ |
10.6 |
|
Outstanding |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
4.2 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
4.2 |
|
|
|
|
(a) |
|
Does not include the $3.0 billion Secured Borrowing Capacity described above. |
|
(b) |
|
Committed lines were supplied by 32 financial institutions as of March 31, 2011. |
The Companys committed facilities expire as follows:
|
|
|
|
(Billions) |
|
|
|
2011 |
|
$ |
3.3 |
2012 |
|
|
7.3 |
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
10.6 |
|
|
|
Certain Other Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
As of March 31, 2011, the Company had approximately $232 billion of unused credit available to
cardmembers as part of established lending product agreements. Total unused credit available to
cardmembers does not represent potential future cash requirements, as a significant portion of this
unused credit will likely not be drawn. The Companys charge card products have no pre-set limit
and, therefore, are not reflected in unused credit available to cardmembers.
Cash Flows
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Cash flows from operating activities primarily include net income adjusted for (i) non-cash items
included in net income, including provisions for losses, depreciation and amortization, deferred
taxes, and stock-based compensation and (ii) changes in the balances of operating assets and
liabilities, which can vary significantly in the normal course of business due to the amount and
timing of various payments.
45
For the three months ended March 31, 2011, net cash provided by operating activities of $0.8
billion decreased $1.5 billion compared to $2.3 billion in 2010. The decrease was due to lower
provisions for losses, decreases in non-cash adjustments for deferred taxes and other, and changes
in other receivables, other assets, and accounts payable and other liabilities, partially offset by
higher net income in 2011.
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
The Companys investing activities primarily include funding cardmember loans and receivables and
the Companys available-for-sale investment portfolio.
For the three months ended March 31, 2011, net cash provided by investing activities of $8.7
billion increased $1.0 billion compared to net cash provided by investing activities of $7.7
billion in the first quarter of 2010, primarily due to lower purchases of investments and
fluctuations in restricted cash in 2011, partially offset by lower maturity and redemption of
investments and a lower decrease in cardmember loans and receivables.
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
The Companys financing activities primarily include issuing and repaying debt, taking customer
deposits, issuing its common shares, and paying dividends.
For the three months ended March 31, 2011, net cash used in financing activities of $3.8 billion
increased $0.1 billion compared to $3.7 billion in the first quarter of 2010, due to an increase in
principal payments of long-term debt and a reduction of the issuance of long-term debt, partially
offset by lower net payments of short-term borrowings and increased growth in customer deposits
during the first quarter of 2011 as compared to the same period in 2010.
Certain Legislative, Regulatory and Other Developments
As a participant in the financial services industry, the Company is subject to a wide array of
regulations applicable to its businesses. As a bank holding company and a financial holding
company, the Company is subject to the regulations, policies and overall supervision of the Federal
Reserve. In addition, the extreme disruptions in the capital markets that commenced in mid-2007 and
the resulting instability and failure of numerous financial institutions have led to a number of
changes in the financial services industry, including significant additional regulation and the
formation of additional regulatory bodies. Although the long-term impact on the Company of much of
the recent and pending legislative and regulatory initiatives remains uncertain, the Company
expects that compliance requirements and expenditures will continue to rise for financial services
firms, including the Company, as the legislation and rules become effective over the course of the
next several years.
The CARD Act
The Company is subject to the provisions of the legislation known as the CARD Act, which was
enacted in May 2009 to fundamentally reform credit card billing practices, pricing and disclosure
requirements. This legislation accelerated the effective date and expanded the scope of amendments
to the rules regarding Unfair or Deceptive Acts or Practices (UDAP) and Truth in Lending Act that
restrict certain credit and charge card practices and require expanded disclosures to consumers,
which were adopted in December 2008 by federal bank regulators in the United States. Together, the
legislation and the regulatory amendments include, among other matters, rules relating to the
imposition by card issuers of interest rate increases on outstanding balances and the allocation of
payments in respect of outstanding balances with different interest rates. Certain other provisions
of the CARD Act require penalty fees to be reasonable and proportional in relation to the
circumstances for which such fees are levied and require issuers to evaluate past interest rate
increases twice per year to determine whether it is appropriate to reduce such increases.
46
The Company has made changes to its product terms and practices that are designed to mitigate the
impact on Company revenue of the changes required by the CARD Act and the regulatory amendments.
These changes include instituting product-specific increases in pricing on purchases and cash
advances, modifying the criteria pursuant to which the penalty rate of interest is imposed on a
cardmember and assessing late fees on certain charge products at an earlier date than previously
assessed. Although the Company believes its actions to mitigate the impact of the CARD Act have,
to date, been largely effective (as evidenced in part by the net interest yield for its U.S.
lending portfolio), the impacts of certain other provisions of the CARD Act are still subject to
some uncertainty (such as the requirement to periodically reevaluate APR increases). Accordingly,
in the event the actions undertaken by the Company to date to offset the impact of the new
legislation and regulations are not ultimately effective, they could have a material adverse effect
on the Companys results of operations, including its revenue and net income.
Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act
In July 2010, President Obama signed into law the Dodd-Frank Reform Act. The Dodd-Frank Reform Act
is comprehensive in scope and contains a wide array of provisions intending to govern the practices
and oversight of financial institutions and other participants in the financial markets. Among
other matters, the law creates a new independent Consumer Financial
Protection Bureau (the Bureau), which will
regulate consumer credit across the U.S. economy. The Bureau will have broad rulemaking authority
over providers of credit, savings, payment and other consumer financial products and services with
respect to certain federal consumer financial laws. Moreover, the Bureau will have examination and
enforcement authority with respect to certain federal consumer financial laws for some providers of
consumer financial products and services, including the Company and its insured depository
institution subsidiaries. The Bureau will be directed to prohibit unfair, deceptive or abusive
practices, and to ensure that all consumers have access to fair, transparent and competitive
markets for consumer financial products and services.
Under the Dodd-Frank Reform Act, the Federal Reserve is authorized to regulate interchange fees
paid to banks on debit card and certain general-use prepaid card transactions to ensure that they
are reasonable and proportional to the cost of processing individual transactions, and to
prohibit debit and general-use prepaid card networks and issuers from requiring transactions to be
processed on a single payment network. The Company does not issue a debit card linked to a deposit
account, but does issue various types of prepaid cards,
which could potentially be subject to these provisions of the
Dodd-Frank Reform Act. While the Company does not have an interchange
fee as exists on four-party networks like Visa and
MasterCard, the applicability of the rules regarding interchange and
alternative network routing to certain of the Companys prepaid
products will be clarified in the final provisions to be issued by
the Federal Reserve Board in July 2011.
The Dodd-Frank Reform Act also prohibits
credit/debit networks from restricting a merchant from offering discounts or incentives to
customers in order to encourage them to use a particular form of payment, or from restricting a
merchant from setting certain minimum and maximum transaction amounts for credit cards, as long as
any such discounts or incentives or any minimum or maximum transaction amounts do not discriminate
among issuers or networks and comply with applicable federal or state disclosure requirements.
The Dodd-Frank Reform Act also authorizes the Federal Reserve to establish heightened capital,
leverage and liquidity standards, risk management requirements, concentration limits on credit
exposures, mandatory resolution plans (so-called living wills) and stress tests for, among
others, large bank holding companies, such as the Company, that have greater than $50 billion in
assets. In addition, certain derivative transactions will be required to be centrally cleared,
which may create or increase collateral posting requirements for the Company.
47
Many provisions of the Dodd-Frank Reform Act require the adoption of rules for implementation. In
addition, the Dodd-Frank Reform Act mandates multiple studies, which could result in additional
legislative or regulatory action. These new rules and studies will be implemented and undertaken
over a period of several years. Accordingly, the ultimate consequences of the Dodd-Frank Reform
Act and its implementing regulations on the Companys business, results of operations and financial
condition are uncertain at this time.
Other Legislative and Regulatory Initiatives
The credit and charge card sector also faces continuing scrutiny in connection with the fees
merchants pay to accept cards. Although investigations into the way bankcard network members
collectively set the interchange (that is, the fee paid by the bankcard merchant acquirer to the
card issuing bank in four party payment networks, like Visa and MasterCard) had largely been a
subject of regulators outside the United States, legislation was previously introduced in Congress
designed to give merchants antitrust immunity to negotiate interchange collectively with card
networks and to regulate certain card network practices. Although, unlike the Visa and MasterCard
networks, the American Express network does not collectively set fees, antitrust actions and
government regulation relating to merchant pricing could ultimately affect all networks.
In addition to the provisions of the Dodd-Frank Reform Act regarding merchants ability to offer
discounts or incentives to encourage customers use of a particular form of payment, a number of
U.S. states are also considering legislation that would prohibit card networks from imposing
conditions, restrictions or penalties on a merchant if the merchant, among other things, (i)
provides a discount to a customer for using one form of payment versus another or one type of
credit or charge card versus another, (ii) imposes a minimum dollar requirement on customers with
respect to the use of credit or charge cards or (iii) chooses to accept credit and charge cards at
some of its locations but not at others. Such legislation has recently been enacted in Vermont, and
similar legislation has been introduced in other states.
Also, other countries in which the Company operates have been considering and in some cases
adopting similar legislation and rules that would impose changes on certain practices of card
issuers and bankcard networks.
Any or all of the above changes to the legal and regulatory environment in which the Company
operates could have a material adverse effect on the Companys results of operations.
Refer to Consolidated Capital Resources and Liquidity for a discussion of the series of
international capital and liquidity standards published by Basel.
48
Business Segment Results
Beginning in the first quarter of 2011, the Company changed its segment allocation methodology to
better align segment reporting with the Companys previously announced management reorganization,
which has been implemented over the last several quarters. The reorganization included the
formation of the Enterprise Growth Group, which is reported in the Corporate & Other segment.
Starting in the first quarter of 2011, certain business activities such as Loyalty Edge and Global
Foreign Exchange Services that were previously managed and reported in the USCS and GCS operating
segments, respectively, are now managed by Enterprise Growth and reported in the Corporate & Other
segment. The reorganization also included consolidation of certain corporate support functions
into the Global Services organization. Greater centralization of activities has led to
modifications in the costs being allocated from the Corporate & Other segment to the reported
operating segments starting in the first quarter of 2011. Prior period segment results have been
revised for these changes.
In addition, beginning the fourth quarter of 2010, the Company completed its conversion to a new
general ledger platform. This conversion enabled the Company to streamline its ledger reporting
unit structure, resulting in a reconfiguration of intercompany accounts. These changes have the
effect of altering intercompany balances among segments, thus altering reported total segment
assets. Total segment assets presented in the first quarter of 2011 reflect the changes described
above. This conversion had no impact on segment results, segment capital or return on segment
capital metrics.
U.S. Card Services
Selected Income Statement Data
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended March 31, (Millions) |
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
Revenues |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Discount revenue, net card fees and other |
|
$ |
2,486 |
|
|
$ |
2,281 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest income |
|
|
1,294 |
|
|
|
1,411 |
Interest expense |
|
|
203 |
|
|
|
190 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net interest income |
|
|
1,091 |
|
|
|
1,221 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenues net of interest expense |
|
|
3,577 |
|
|
|
3,502 |
Provisions for losses |
|
|
47 |
|
|
|
687 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenues net of interest expense after provisions for losses |
|
|
3,530 |
|
|
|
2,815 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Marketing, promotion, rewards and cardmember services |
|
|
1,718 |
|
|
|
1,324 |
Salaries and employee benefits and other operating expenses |
|
|
902 |
|
|
|
838 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
2,620 |
|
|
|
2,162 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pretax segment income |
|
|
910 |
|
|
|
653 |
Income tax provision |
|
|
355 |
|
|
|
239 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Segment income |
|
$ |
555 |
|
|
$ |
414 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
49
U.S. Card Services
Selected Statistical Information
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of or for the Three Months Ended March 31, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Billions, except percentages and where indicated) |
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
Card billed business |
|
$ |
96.1 |
|
|
$ |
84.9 |
|
Total cards-in-force (millions) |
|
|
40.1 |
|
|
|
39.5 |
|
Basic cards-in-force (millions) |
|
|
29.8 |
|
|
|
29.4 |
|
Average basic cardmember spending (dollars)* |
|
$ |
3,231 |
|
|
$ |
2,884 |
|
U.S. Consumer Travel: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Travel sales (millions) |
|
$ |
849 |
|
|
$ |
735 |
|
Travel commissions and fees/sales |
|
|
7.9 |
% |
|
|
7.8 |
% |
Total segment assets |
|
$ |
81.2 |
|
|
$ |
74.9 |
|
Segment capital (millions) |
|
$ |
8,000 |
|
|
$ |
5,311 |
|
Return on average segment capital (a) |
|
|
35.1 |
% |
|
|
15.4 |
% |
Return on average tangible segment capital (a) |
|
|
37.6 |
% |
|
|
16.8 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cardmember receivables: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total receivables |
|
$ |
17.6 |
|
|
$ |
16.6 |
|
30 days past due as a % of total |
|
|
1.8 |
% |
|
|
1.9 |
% |
Average receivables |
|
$ |
17.9 |
|
|
$ |
16.7 |
|
Net write-off rate |
|
|
1.7 |
% |
|
|
1.7 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cardmember loans: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total loans |
|
$ |
49.2 |
|
|
$ |
49.2 |
|
30 days past due loans as a % of total |
|
|
1.8 |
% |
|
|
3.3 |
% |
Average loans |
|
$ |
49.6 |
|
|
$ |
50.5 |
|
Net write-off rate |
|
|
3.7 |
% |
|
|
7.2 |
% |
Net interest income divided by average loans (b)(c) |
|
|
8.9 |
% |
|
|
9.8 |
% |
Net interest yield on cardmember loans (b) |
|
|
9.1 |
% |
|
|
10.0 |
% |
|
|
|
* |
|
Proprietary cards only. |
|
(a) |
|
Return on average segment capital is calculated by dividing (i) one-year period segment
income ($2.4 billion and $0.8 billion for the twelve months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010,
respectively) by (ii) one-year average segment capital ($6.7 billion and $5.4 billion for the
twelve months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively). Return on average tangible segment capital is
computed in the same manner as return on average segment capital except the computation of
average tangible segment capital excludes from average segment capital average goodwill and
other intangibles of $457 million and $440 million as of March 31, 2011 and 2010,
respectively. The Company believes return on average tangible segment capital is a useful
measure of the profitability of its business. |
|
(b) |
|
Refer to Selected Statistical Information, footnote (d) on page 33. |
|
(c) |
|
Refer to Selected Statistical Information, footnote (e) on page 33. |
U.S. Card Services
Selected Statistical Information
(continued)
Calculation of Net Interest Yield on Cardmember Loans
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended March 31, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Millions, except percentages or where indicated) |
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
Net interest income |
|
$ |
1,091 |
|
|
$ |
1,221 |
|
Average loans (billions) |
|
$ |
49.6 |
|
|
$ |
50.5 |
|
Adjusted net interest income |
|
$ |
1,112 |
|
|
$ |
1,246 |
|
Adjusted average loans (billions) |
|
$ |
49.6 |
|
|
$ |
50.5 |
|
Net interest income divided by average loans (a) |
|
|
8.9 |
% |
|
|
9.8 |
% |
Net interest yield on cardmember loans |
|
|
9.1 |
% |
|
|
10.0 |
% |
|
|
|
(a) |
|
Refer to Selected Statistical Information, footnote (e) on page 33. |
50
Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2011 and 2010
U.S. Card Services reported segment income of $555 million for the three months ended March 31,
2011, a $141 million or 34 percent increase from $414 million for the same period a year ago.
Total revenues net of interest expense increased $75 million or 2 percent to $3.6 billion for the
three months ended March 31, 2011, primarily driven by higher discount revenue, net card fees and
other, partially offset by lower net interest income.
Discount revenue, net card fees and other was $2.5 billion for the three months ended March 31,
2011, an increase of $205 million or 9 percent from $2.3 billion, primarily due to higher discount
revenue resulting from billed business growth of 13 percent, partially offset by lower other
commissions and fees due to reduced delinquency-related fees. The increase in billed business was
primarily driven by higher average spending per proprietary basic cards-in-force. Within the United
States consumer billed business volumes increased by 13 percent and small business volumes
increased by 14 percent.
Interest income of $1.3 billion decreased $117 million or 8 percent, primarily due to a lower yield
on cardmember loans.
Interest expense of $203 million increased $13 million or 7 percent, primarily reflecting a higher
cost of funds and greater funding requirements due to higher average charge card receivable
balances.
Provisions for losses of $47 million decreased $640 million or 93 percent, primarily reflecting
improved cardmember loan credit trends, partially offset by a higher charge card provision. The
lending net write-off rate decreased to 3.7 percent in the first
quarter of 2011 versus 7.2 percent
for the same period in the prior year. The charge card net write-off rate of 1.7 percent was flat
compared to the same period in the prior year.
Expenses were $2.6 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2011, an increase of $458 million
or 21 percent mainly due to increased marketing, promotion, rewards and cardmember services
expenses, and, to a lesser extent, higher salaries and employee benefits and other operating
expenses.
Marketing, promotion, rewards and cardmember services expenses were $1.7 billion for the three
months ended March 31, 2011, an increase of $394 million or 30 percent, driven by higher
volume-related rewards costs and co-brand expenses as well as a $188 million charge resulting from
a higher U.S. ultimate redemption rate assumption. In addition, marketing and promotion expense
increased due to higher investment spending resulting from continued strong credit and business
trends in the first quarter of 2011.
Salaries and employee benefits and other operating expenses were $902 million for the three months
ended March 31, 2011, an increase of $64 million or 8 percent, reflecting a charge in the first
quarter of 2011 related to accounting for hedging the Companys fixed-rate debt, compared to a
benefit in the first quarter of 2010, as well as various customer service initiatives and
technology investments.
The effective tax rate was 39 percent and 37 percent for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and
2010, respectively.
51
International Card Services
Selected Income Statement Data
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended March 31, (Millions) |
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
Revenues |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Discount revenue, net card fees and other |
|
$ |
989 |
|
|
$ |
878 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest income |
|
|
325 |
|
|
|
363 |
Interest expense |
|
|
106 |
|
|
|
106 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net interest income |
|
|
219 |
|
|
|
257 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenues net of interest expense |
|
|
1,208 |
|
|
|
1,135 |
Provisions for losses |
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
158 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenues net of interest expense after provisions for losses |
|
|
1,203 |
|
|
|
977 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Marketing, promotion, rewards and cardmember services |
|
|
407 |
|
|
|
350 |
Salaries and employee benefits and other operating expenses |
|
|
556 |
|
|
|
462 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
963 |
|
|
|
812 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pretax segment income |
|
|
240 |
|
|
|
165 |
Income tax provision |
|
|
51 |
|
|
|
26 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Segment income |
|
$ |
189 |
|
|
$ |
139 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
52
International Card Services
Selected Statistical Information
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of or for the Three Months Ended March 31, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Billions, except percentages and where indicated) |
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
Card billed business |
|
$ |
28.4 |
|
|
$ |
24.4 |
|
Total cards-in-force (millions) |
|
|
15.0 |
|
|
|
15.0 |
|
Basic cards-in-force (millions) |
|
|
10.4 |
|
|
|
10.4 |
|
Average basic cardmember spending (dollars)* |
|
$ |
2,735 |
|
|
$ |
2,340 |
|
International Consumer Travel: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Travel sales (millions) |
|
$ |
315 |
|
|
$ |
261 |
|
Travel commissions and fees/sales |
|
|
7.6 |
% |
|
|
7.3 |
% |
Total segment assets |
|
$ |
26.7 |
|
|
$ |
21.1 |
|
Segment capital (millions) |
|
$ |
2,978 |
|
|
$ |
2,117 |
|
Return on average segment capital (a) |
|
|
25.8 |
% |
|
|
19.1 |
% |
Return on average tangible segment capital (a) |
|
|
39.4 |
% |
|
|
25.6 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cardmember receivables: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total receivables |
|
$ |
6.5 |
|
|
$ |
5.5 |
|
90 days past billing as a % of total |
|
|
1.0 |
% |
|
|
1.0 |
% |
Net loss ratio (as a % of charge volume) (b) |
|
|
0.15 |
% |
|
|
0.53 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cardmember loans: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total loans |
|
$ |
8.5 |
|
|
$ |
8.4 |
|
30 days past due loans as a % of total |
|
|
2.4 |
% |
|
|
3.3 |
% |
Average loans |
|
$ |
8.8 |
|
|
$ |
8.8 |
|
Net write-off rate |
|
|
3.2 |
% |
|
|
5.5 |
% |
Net interest income divided by average loans (c)(d) |
|
|
10.1 |
% |
|
|
11.8 |
% |
Net interest yield on cardmember loans (c) |
|
|
10.0 |
% |
|
|
11.7 |
% |
|
|
|
* |
|
Proprietary cards only. |
|
(a) |
|
Return on average segment capital is calculated by dividing (i) one-year period segment
income ($587 million and $417 million for the twelve months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010,
respectively) by (ii) one-year average segment capital ($2.3 billion and $2.2 billion for the
twelve months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively). Return on average tangible segment
capital is computed in the same manner as return on average segment capital except the
computation of average tangible segment capital excludes from average segment capital average
goodwill and other intangibles of $788 million and $554 million as of March 31, 2011 and 2010,
respectively. The Company believes return on average tangible segment capital is a useful
measure of the profitability of its business. |
|
(b) |
|
Effective January 1, 2010, the Company revised the time period in which past due cardmember
receivables in ICS are written off to when they are 180 days past due or earlier, consistent
with applicable bank regulatory guidance and the write-off methodology adopted for USCS in the
fourth quarter of 2008. Previously, receivables were written off when they were 360 days past
billing or earlier. Therefore, the net write-offs for the first quarter of 2010 include net
write-offs of approximately $60 million for ICS resulting from this write-off methodology
change, which increased the net loss ratio and decreased the 90 days past billing metric for
this segment, but did not have a substantial impact on provisions for losses. If this amount
had been excluded from net write-offs, the net loss ratio for ICS would have been 0.17
percent. |
|
(c) |
|
Refer to Selected Statistical Information, footnote (d) on page 33. |
|
(d) |
|
Refer to Selected Statistical Information, footnote (e) on page 33. |
53
International Card Services
Calculation of Net Interest Yield on Cardmember Loans
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended March 31, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Millions, except percentage and where indicated) |
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
Net interest income |
|
$ |
219 |
|
|
$ |
257 |
|
Average loans (billions) |
|
$ |
8.8 |
|
|
$ |
8.8 |
|
Adjusted net interest income |
|
$ |
214 |
|
|
$ |
253 |
|
Adjusted average loans (billions) |
|
$ |
8.7 |
|
|
$ |
8.8 |
|
Net interest income divided by average loans (a) |
|
|
10.1 |
% |
|
|
11.8 |
% |
Net interest yield on cardmember loans |
|
|
10.0 |
% |
|
|
11.7 |
% |
|
|
|
(a) |
|
Refer to Selected Statistical Information, footnote (e) on page 33. |
Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2011 and 2010
International Card Services reported segment income of $189 million for the three months ended
March 31, 2011, a $50 million or 36 percent increase from $139 million for the same period a year
ago as total revenues net of interest expense increased 6 percent, provisions for losses decreased
97 percent and expenses increased by 19 percent. Both the revenues and expenses were impacted by a
weaker dollar compared to the same period last year.
Total revenues net of interest expense increased $73 million or 6 percent to $1.2 billion,
primarily due to increased discount revenue, net card fees and other, partially offset by lower
interest income.
Discount revenue, net card fees and other revenues was $989 million for the three months ended
March 31, 2011, an increase of $111 million or 13 percent from $878 million for the same period a
year ago, primarily driven by higher discount revenue resulting from the 16 percent billed business
growth and the inclusion of Loyalty Partners revenues following the closing of the acquisition in
the first quarter of 2011. The increase in billed business was driven by the 17 percent increase in
average spending per proprietary basic cards-in-force.
For the three months ended March 31, 2011, adjusting for the impacts of foreign currency exchange
translation2, billed business and average spending per proprietary basic cards-in-force
both increased 10 percent. Billed business outside the United States increased 11 percent in Latin
America and Canada, 10 percent in Japan, Asia Pacific and Australia, and 9 percent in Europe, the
Middle East and Africa.
Interest income was $325 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011, a decrease of $38
million or 10 percent as compared to the same period a year ago, driven by a lower yield on
cardmember loans.
Provisions for losses was $5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011, a decrease of $153
million or 97 percent, primarily reflecting improving cardmember loan credit trends as well as an
increase in provisions related to an enhancement of the ICS reserve methodology in the first
quarter of 2010. The charge card net loss ratio (as a percentage of charge volume) was 0.15 percent
in the first quarter of 2011 versus 0.53 percent for the same period in the prior year. The lending
net write-off rate was 3.2 percent in the first quarter of 2011 versus 5.5 percent for the same
period in the prior year.
|
|
|
2 |
|
Refer to footnote 1 on page 34
relating to changes in foreign exchange rates. |
54
Expenses were $963 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011, an increase of $151 million
or 19 percent, due to higher marketing, promotion, rewards and cardmember services costs and
increased salaries and employee benefits and other operating expenses.
Marketing, promotion, rewards and cardmember services expenses were $407 million for the three
months ended March 31, 2011, an increase of $57 million or 16 percent, due to greater
volume-related rewards costs and co-brand expenses, as well as higher marketing and promotion
expenses.
Salaries and employee benefits and other operating expenses were $556 million for the three months
ended March 31, 2011, an increase of $94 million or 20 percent, reflecting higher costs related to
customer service initiatives, greater technology development expenditures, increased investments in
sales force and inclusion of Loyalty Partner expenses following the closing of the acquisition in
the first quarter of 2011.
The effective tax rate was 21 percent for the three months ended March 31, 2011 versus 16 percent
for the same period in 2010. The tax rates in each of the periods primarily reflect the impact of
recurring tax benefits on varying levels of pretax income. This segment reflects the favorable
impact of the consolidated tax benefit related to its ongoing funding activities outside the United
States, which is allocated to ICS under the Companys internal tax allocation process.
Global Commercial Services
Selected Income Statement Data
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended March 31, (Millions) |
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
Revenues |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Discount revenue, net card fees and other |
|
$ |
1,177 |
|
|
$ |
1,013 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest income |
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
Interest expense |
|
|
58 |
|
|
|
49 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net interest expense |
|
|
(56 |
) |
|
|
(48 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenues net of interest expense |
|
|
1,121 |
|
|
|
965 |
|
Provisions for losses |
|
|
23 |
|
|
|
78 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenues net of interest expense after provisions for losses |
|
|
1,098 |
|
|
|
887 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Marketing, promotion, rewards and cardmember services |
|
|
125 |
|
|
|
114 |
|
Salaries and employee benefits and other operating expenses |
|
|
708 |
|
|
|
649 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
833 |
|
|
|
763 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pretax segment income |
|
|
265 |
|
|
|
124 |
|
Income tax provision |
|
|
81 |
|
|
|
39 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Segment income |
|
$ |
184 |
|
|
$ |
85 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
55
Global Commercial Services
Selected Statistical Information
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of or for the Three Months Ended March 31, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Billions, except percentages and where indicated) |
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
Card billed business |
|
$ |
36.6 |
|
|
$ |
30.8 |
|
Total cards-in-force (millions) |
|
|
7.1 |
|
|
|
7.0 |
|
Basic cards-in-force (millions) |
|
|
7.1 |
|
|
|
7.0 |
|
Average basic cardmember spending (dollars)* |
|
$ |
5,175 |
|
|
$ |
4,400 |
|
Global Corporate Travel: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Travel sales |
|
$ |
4.9 |
|
|
$ |
4.1 |
|
Travel commissions and fees/sales |
|
|
7.4 |
% |
|
|
7.4 |
% |
Total segment assets |
|
$ |
20.5 |
|
|
$ |
17.1 |
|
Segment capital (millions) |
|
$ |
3,556 |
|
|
$ |
3,394 |
|
Return on average segment capital (a) |
|
|
15.5 |
% |
|
|
9.4 |
% |
Return on average tangible segment capital (a) |
|
|
33.5 |
% |
|
|
20.4 |
% |
Cardmember receivables: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total receivables |
|
$ |
13.3 |
|
|
$ |
11.4 |
|
90 days past billing as a % of total |
|
|
0.7 |
% |
|
|
0.8 |
% |
Net loss ratio (as a % of charge volume) (b) |
|
|
0.06 |
% |
|
|
0.28 |
% |
|
|
|
* |
|
Proprietary cards only. |
|
(a) |
|
Return on average segment capital is calculated by dividing (i) one-year period segment
income ($549 million and $336 million for the twelve months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010,
respectively) by (ii) one-year average segment capital ($3.5 billion and $3.6 billion for the
twelve months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively). Return on average tangible segment
capital is computed in the same manner as return on average segment capital except the
computation of average tangible segment capital excludes from average segment capital average
goodwill and other intangibles of $1.9 billion as of both March 31, 2011 and 2010. The Company
believes return on average tangible segment capital is a useful measure of the profitability
of its business. |
|
(b) |
|
Effective January 1, 2010, the Company revised the time period in which past due cardmember
receivables in GCS are written off to when they are 180 days past due or earlier, consistent
with applicable bank regulatory guidance and the write-off methodology adopted for USCS in the
fourth quarter of 2008. Previously, receivables were written off when they were 360 days past
billing or earlier. Therefore, the net write-offs for the first quarter of 2010 include net
write-offs of approximately $48 million for GCS resulting from this write-off methodology
change, which increased the net loss ratio and decreased the 90 days past billing metric for
this segment, but did not have a substantial impact on provisions for losses. If this amount
had been excluded from net write-offs, the net loss ratio for GCS would have been 0.11
percent. |
Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2011 and 2010
Global Commercial Services reported segment income of $184 million for the three months ended March
31, 2011, an increase of $99 million from $85 million for the same period a year ago as total
revenues net of interest expense increased 16 percent, provisions for losses decreased 71 percent
and expenses increased by 9 percent.
Discount revenue, net card fees and other revenues of $1.2 billion increased $164 million or 16
percent, primarily due to higher discount revenue resulting from 19 percent billed business
growth, partially offset by larger client incentive payments. In addition, travel commissions and
fees increased due to greater travel sales and an increase in revenue from supplier contracts
signed after the first quarter of 2010.
Interest expense increased $9 million or 18 percent to $58 million, primarily driven by increased
funding requirements due to a higher average receivable balance and a higher cost of funds.
Provisions for losses decreased $55 million or 71 percent to $23 million primarily driven by
improved credit performance within the underlying portfolio, as well as an increase in provisions
related to an enhancement of the GCS reserve methodology during the first quarter of 2010. The
charge card net loss ratio (as a percentage of charge volume) was 0.06 percent in the first quarter
of 2011 versus 0.28 percent for the same period in the prior year.
Expenses were $833 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011, an increase of $70 million or
9 percent, mainly due to increased marketing, promotion, rewards and cardmember services expenses,
and salaries and employee benefits and other operating expenses.
56
Marketing, promotion, rewards and cardmember services expenses increased $11 million or 10 percent
to $125 million compared to $114 million in the same period a year ago, primarily reflecting higher
volume-related rewards costs.
Salaries and employee benefits and other operating expenses increased $59 million or 9 percent to
$708 million, reflecting higher salary and benefit and sales-force expenses, and a charge in the
first quarter of 2011 related to accounting for hedging fixed-rate debt, compared to a benefit in
the first quarter of 2010, partially offset by lower reengineering costs in the first quarter of
2011.
The effective tax rate was 31 percent for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010,
respectively.
Global Network & Merchant Services
Selected Income Statement Data
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended March 31, (Millions) |
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
Revenues |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Discount revenue, net card fees and other |
|
$ |
1,088 |
|
|
$ |
934 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest income |
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
Interest expense |
|
|
(48 |
) |
|
|
(47 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net interest income |
|
|
49 |
|
|
|
48 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenues net of interest expense |
|
|
1,137 |
|
|
|
982 |
|
Provisions for losses |
|
|
21 |
|
|
|
21 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenues net of interest expense after provisions for losses |
|
|
1,116 |
|
|
|
961 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Marketing, promotion, rewards and cardmember services |
|
|
166 |
|
|
|
166 |
|
Salaries and employee benefits and other operating expenses |
|
|
474 |
|
|
|
402 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
640 |
|
|
|
568 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pretax segment income |
|
|
476 |
|
|
|
393 |
|
Income tax provision |
|
|
163 |
|
|
|
140 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Segment income |
|
$ |
313 |
|
|
$ |
253 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Global Network & Merchant Services
Selected Statistical Information
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of or for the Three Months Ended March 31, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Billions, except percentages and where indicated) |
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
Global Card billed business |
|
$ |
187.9 |
|
|
$ |
161.0 |
|
Global Network & Merchant Services: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total segment assets |
|
$ |
14.2 |
|
|
$ |
11.1 |
|
Segment capital (millions) |
|
$ |
1,855 |
|
|
$ |
1,361 |
|
Return on average segment capital(a) |
|
|
62.1 |
% |
|
|
64.9 |
% |
Return on average tangible segment capital(a) |
|
|
66.1 |
% |
|
|
66.5 |
% |
Global Network Services:(b) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Card billed business |
|
$ |
26.0 |
|
|
$ |
20.1 |
|
Total cards-in-force (millions) |
|
|
30.2 |
|
|
|
26.5 |
|
|
|
|
(a) |
|
Return on average segment capital is calculated by dividing (i) one-year period segment
income ($1.1 billion and $0.9 billion for the twelve months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010,
respectively) by (ii) one-year average segment capital ($1.7 billion and $1.4 billion for the
twelve months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively). Return on average tangible segment
capital is computed in the same manner as return on average segment capital except the
computation of average tangible segment capital excludes from average segment capital average
goodwill and other intangibles of $105 million and $34 million as of March 31, 2011 and 2010,
respectively. The Company believes return on average tangible segment capital is a useful
measure of the profitability of its business. |
|
(b) |
|
Since the third quarter of 2010, for non-proprietary retail co-brand partners, Global Network
Services metrics exclude cardmember accounts which have no out-of-store spend activity during
the prior 12-month period. |
57
Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2011 and 2010
Global Network & Merchant Services reported segment income of $313 million for the three months
ended March 31, 2011, a $60 million or 24 percent increase from $253 million in 2010.
Total revenues net of interest expense increased $155 million or 16 percent to $1.1 billion for the
three months ended March 31, 2011 compared to the same period in 2010, primarily due to increased
discount revenue, net card fees and other.
Discount revenue, fees and other increased $154 million or 16 percent to $1.1 billion for the three
months ended March 31, 2011 compared to the same period in 2010, reflecting an increase in
merchant-related revenues, driven by a 17 percent increase in global card billed business, as well
as higher volume driven GNS-related revenues.
Expenses increased $72 million or 13 percent to $640 million for the three months ended March 31,
2011 compared to the same period in 2010 due to higher salaries and employee benefits and
other operating expenses.
Salaries and employee benefits and other operating expenses increased $72 million or 18 percent to
$474 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011 as compared to the same period in 2010,
reflecting increased salary and other employee benefit costs, in addition to third-party merchant
sales-force commissions, higher technology development expenditures and increased legal costs.
The effective tax rate was 34 percent and 36 percent for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and
2010, respectively.
Corporate & Other
Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2011 and 2010
Corporate & Other had net expense of $64 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011 compared
to net expense of $6 million for the same period in the prior year. Results for both the three
months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 reflected $93 million and $43 million of after-tax income
related to the MasterCard and Visa litigation settlements, respectively. Net expense in the first
quarter of 2011 reflected costs related to various investments in the Global Prepaid business and
other Enterprise Growth initiatives, higher incentive compensation and benefit-related expenses,
and $7 million of after-tax expense related to the Companys reengineering activities. Net expense
in the first quarter of 2010 reflected costs related to certain property exits.
58
OTHER REPORTING MATTERS
Glossary of Selected Terminology
Adjusted average loans Represents average cardmember loans excluding the impact of deferred card
fees, net of deferred direct acquisition costs of cardmember loans.
Adjusted net interest income Represents net interest income allocated to the Companys
cardmember loans portfolio excluding the impact of card fees on loans and balance transfer fees
attributable to the Companys cardmember loans.
Asset securitizations Asset securitization involves the transfer and sale of receivables or
loans to a special purpose entity created for the securitization activity, typically a trust. The
trust, in turn, issues securities, commonly referred to as asset-backed securities, that are
secured by the transferred receivables or loans. The trust uses the proceeds from the sale of such
securities to pay the purchase price for the underlying receivables or loans.
Average discount rate This calculation is designed to reflect pricing at merchants accepting
general purpose American Express cards. It represents the percentage of billed business (both
proprietary and Global Network Services) retained by the Company from merchants it acquires, prior
to payments to third parties unrelated to merchant acceptance.
Basic cards-in-force Proprietary basic consumer cards-in-force includes basic cards issued to
the primary account owner and does not include additional supplemental cards issued on that
account. Proprietary basic small business and corporate cards-in-force include basic and
supplemental cards issued to employee cardmembers. Non-proprietary basic cards-in-force includes
cards that are issued and outstanding under network partnership agreements, except for supplemental
cards and retail co-brand cardmember accounts which have no out-of-store spend activity during the
prior 12-month period.
Billed business Includes activities (including cash advances) related to proprietary cards,
cards issued under network partnership agreements (non-proprietary billed business), and certain
insurance fees charged on proprietary cards. In-store spend activity within retail co-brand
portfolios in Global Network Services, from which the Company earns no revenue, is not included in
non-proprietary billed business. Card billed business is reflected in the United States or outside
the United States based on where the cardmember is domiciled.
Capital ratios Represents the minimum standards established by the regulatory agencies as a
measure to determine whether the regulated entity has sufficient capital to absorb on and
off-balance sheet losses beyond current loss accrual estimates.
Card acquisition Primarily represents the issuance of new cards to either new or existing
cardmembers through marketing and promotion efforts.
Cardmember The individual holder of an issued American Express branded charge or credit card.
Cardmember loans Represents the outstanding amount due from cardmembers for charges made on
their American Express credit cards, as well as any interest charges and card-related fees.
Cardmember loans also include balances with extended payment terms on certain charge card products
and are net of unearned revenue.
Cardmember receivables Represents the outstanding amount due from cardmembers for charges made
on their American Express charge cards as well as any card-related fees.
59
Charge cards Represents cards that generally carry no pre-set spending limits and are primarily
designed as a method of payment and not as a means of financing purchases. Charge cardmembers
generally must pay the full amount billed each month. No finance charges are assessed on charge
cards. Each charge card transaction is authorized based on its likely economics reflecting a
customers most recent credit information and spend patterns.
Credit cards Represents cards that have a range of revolving payment terms, grace periods, and
rate and fee structures.
Discount revenue Represents revenue earned from fees charged to merchants with whom the Company
has entered into a card acceptance agreement for processing cardmember transactions. The discount
fee generally is deducted from the Companys payment reimbursing the merchant for cardmember
purchases. Such amounts are reduced by contra-revenue such as payments to third-party card issuing
partners, cash-back reward costs and corporate incentive payments.
Interest expense Interest expense includes interest incurred primarily to fund cardmember loans,
charge card product receivables, general corporate purposes, and liquidity needs, and is recognized
as incurred. Interest expense is divided principally into three categories: (i) deposits, which
primarily relates to interest expense on deposits taken from customers and institutions, (ii)
short-term borrowings, which primarily relates to interest expense on commercial paper, federal
funds purchased, bank overdrafts and other short-term borrowings, and (iii) long-term debt, which
primarily relates to interest expense on the Companys long-term debt.
Interest income Interest income includes (i) interest and fees on loans, (ii) interest and
dividends on investment securities and (iii) interest income on deposits with banks and others.
Interest and fees on loans includes interest on loans, which is assessed using the average daily
balance method for loans owned. These amounts are recognized based upon the principal amount
outstanding in accordance with the terms of the applicable account agreement until the outstanding
balance is paid or written-off. Loan fees are deferred and recognized in interest income on a
straight-line basis over the 12-month card membership period, net of deferred direct card
acquisition costs and a reserve for projected membership cancellation.
Interest and dividends on investment securities primarily relates to the Companys performing
fixed-income securities. Interest income is accrued as earned using the effective interest method,
which adjusts the yield for security premiums and discounts, fees and other payments, so that the
related investment security recognizes a constant rate of return on the outstanding balance
throughout its term. These amounts are recognized until these securities are in default or when it
is likely that future interest payments will not be made as scheduled.
Interest income on deposits with banks and other is recognized as earned, and primarily relates to
the placement of cash in excess of near-term funding requirements in interest-bearing time
deposits, overnight sweep accounts, and other interest bearing demand and call accounts.
Merchant acquisition Represents the signing of merchants to accept American Express-branded
cards.
Net card fees Represents the charge card membership fees earned during the period. These fees
are recognized as revenue over the covered card membership period (typically one year), net of
provision for projected refunds for cancellation of card membership.
Net interest yield on cardmember loans Net interest yield on cardmember loans is computed by
dividing adjusted net interest income by adjusted average loans, computed on an annualized basis.
The calculation of net interest yield on cardmember loans includes interest that is deemed
uncollectible. For all
60
presentations of net interest yield on cardmember loans, reserves and net
write-offs related to uncollectible
interest are recorded through provisions for losses cardmember loans; therefore, such reserves
and net write-offs are not included in the net interest yield calculation.
Net loss ratio Represents the ratio of charge card write-offs consisting of principal (resulting
from authorized and unauthorized transactions) and fee components, less recoveries, on cardmember
receivables expressed as a percentage of gross amounts billed to cardmembers.
Net write-off rate Represents the amount of cardmember loans or USCS cardmember receivables
written off consisting of principal (resulting from authorized transactions), less recoveries, as a
percentage of the average loan balance or USCS average receivables during the period.
Return on average equity Calculated by dividing one-year period net income by one-year average
total shareholders equity.
Return on average tangible common equity Computed in the same manner as ROE except the
computation of average tangible common shareholders equity excludes from average total
shareholders equity average goodwill and other intangibles.
Return on average segment capital Calculated by dividing one-year period segment income by
one-year average segment capital.
Return on average tangible segment capital Computed in the same manner as return on average
segment capital except the computation of average tangible segment capital excludes from average
segment capital average goodwill and other intangibles.
Risk-weighted assets Refer to Capital Strategy section for definition.
Segment capital Represents capital allocated to a segment based upon specific business
operational needs, risk measures, and regulatory capital requirements.
Stored value and prepaid products Includes Travelers Cheques and other prepaid products such as
gift cheques and cards as well as reloadable Travelers Cheque cards. These products are sold as
safe and convenient alternatives to currency for purchasing goods and services.
Tier 1 leverage ratio Refer to Capital Strategy section for definition.
Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio Refer to Capital Strategy section for definition.
Total cards-in-force Represents the number of cards that are issued and outstanding.
Non-proprietary cards-in-force includes all cards that are issued and outstanding under network
partnership agreements, except for retail co-brand cardmember accounts which have no out-of-store
spend activity during the prior 12-month period.
Total risk-based capital ratio Refer to Capital Strategy section for definition.
Travel sales Represents the total dollar amount of travel transaction volume for airline, hotel,
car rental, and other travel arrangements made for consumers and corporate clients. The Company
earns revenue on these transactions by charging a transaction or management fee.
61
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Market risk is the risk to earnings or value resulting from movements in market prices. The
Companys market risk exposure is primarily generated by interest rate risk in its card, insurance
and Travelers Cheque businesses, as well as its investment portfolios and foreign exchange risk in
its operations outside the United States. As described in the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K
for the year ended December 31, 2010 (refer to Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures
About Market Risk), the detrimental effect on the Companys pretax earnings of:
|
|
|
a hypothetical 100 basis point increase in interest rates would be approximately $149
million ($97 million related to the U.S. dollar); |
|
|
|
|
a hypothetical 10 percent strengthening of the U.S. dollar related to anticipated
overseas operating results for the next 12 months would be approximately $152 million. |
These sensitivities are based on the 2010 year-end positions, and assume that all relevant
maturities and types of interest rates and foreign exchange rates that affect the Companys results
would increase instantaneously and simultaneously and to the same degree. There were no material
changes in these market risks since December 31, 2010.
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
The Companys management, with the participation of the Companys Chief Executive Officer and Chief
Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of the Companys disclosure controls and
procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act)) as of the end of the period covered by this report.
Based on such evaluation, the Companys Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have
concluded that, as of the end of such period, the Companys disclosure controls and procedures are
effective. There have not been any changes in the Companys internal control over financial
reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during
the fiscal quarter to which this report relates that have materially affected, or are reasonably
likely to materially affect, the Companys internal control over financial reporting.
Cautionary
Note Regarding
Forward-looking Statements
This report includes forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities
Litigation Reform Act of 1995, which are subject to risks and uncertainties. The forward-looking
statements, which address the Companys expected business and financial performance, among other
matters, contain words such as believe, expect, estimate, anticipate, optimistic,
intend, plan, aim, will, may, should, could, would, likely, and similar
expressions. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements,
which speak only as of the date on which they are made. The Company undertakes no obligation to
update or revise any forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause actual results to differ
materially from these forward-looking statements, include, but are not limited to, the following:
|
|
changes in global economic and business conditions, including consumer and business spending,
the availability and cost of credit, unemployment and political conditions, all of which may
significantly affect spending on the Card, delinquency rates, loan balances and other aspects
of our business and results of operations; |
|
|
|
changes in capital and credit market conditions, which may significantly affect the Companys
ability to meet its liquidity needs, access to capital and cost of capital, including changes
in interest rates; changes in market conditions affecting the valuation of the Companys
assets; or any reduction in the Companys |
62
|
|
credit ratings or those of its subsidiaries, which could materially increase the cost and other
terms of the Companys funding, restrict its access to the capital markets or result in
contingent payments under contracts; |
|
|
|
litigation, such as class actions or proceedings brought by governmental and regulatory
agencies (including the lawsuit filed against the Company by the U.S. Department of Justice
and certain state attorneys general), that could result in (i) the imposition of behavioral
remedies against the Company or the Companys voluntarily making certain changes to its
business practices, the effects of which in either case could have a material adverse impact
on the Companys financial performance; (ii) the imposition of substantial monetary damages in
private actions against the Company; and/or (iii) damage to the Companys global reputation
and brand; |
|
|
|
legal and regulatory developments wherever the Company does business, including legislative
and regulatory reforms in the United States, such as the Dodd-Frank Reform Acts stricter
regulation of large, interconnected financial institutions, changes in requirements relating
to securitization and the establishment of the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection, which
could make fundamental changes to many of the Companys business practices or materially
affect its capital requirements, results of operations, ability to pay dividends or repurchase
the Companys stock; or actions and potential future actions by the FDIC and credit rating
agencies applicable to securitization trusts, which could impact the Companys ABS program; |
|
|
|
the Companys net interest yield on U.S. cardmember loans not trending over time to
historical levels as expected, which will be influenced by, among other things, the effects of
the CARD Act (including the regulations requiring the Company to periodically reevaluate APR
increases), interest rates, changes in consumer behavior that affect loan balances, such as
paydown rates, the Companys cardmember acquisition strategy, product mix, credit actions,
including line size and other adjustments to credit availability, and pricing changes; |
|
|
|
changes in the substantial and increasing worldwide competition in the payments industry,
including competitive pressure that may impact the prices we charge merchants that accept the
Companys Cards and the success of marketing, promotion or rewards programs; |
|
|
|
changes in technology or in the Companys ability to protect its intellectual property (such
as copyrights, trademarks, patents and controls on access and distribution), and invest in and
compete at the leading edge of technological developments across the Companys businesses,
including technology and intellectual property of third parties whom we rely on, all of which
could materially affect the Companys results of operations; |
|
|
|
data breaches and fraudulent activity, which could damage the Companys brand, increase the
Companys costs or have regulatory implications, and changes in regulation affecting privacy
and data security under federal, state and foreign law, which could result in higher
compliance and technology costs to the Company or the Companys vendors; |
|
|
|
changes in the Companys ability to attract or retain qualified personnel in the management
and operation of the companys business, including any changes that may result from increasing
regulatory supervision of compensation practices; |
|
|
|
changes in the financial condition and creditworthiness of the Companys business partners,
such as bankruptcies, restructurings or consolidations, involving merchants that represent a
significant portion of the Companys business, such as the airline industry, or the Companys
partners in Global Network Services or financial institutions that we rely on for routine
funding and liquidity, which could materially affect the Companys financial condition or
results of operations; |
63
|
|
uncertainties associated with business acquisitions, including the ability to realize
anticipated business retention, growth and cost savings, accurately estimate the value of
goodwill and intangibles associated with individual acquisitions, effectively integrate the
acquired business into the Companys existing operations or implement or remediate controls,
procedures and policies at the acquired company; |
|
|
|
changes affecting the success of the Companys reengineering and other cost control
initiatives, such as the ability to execute plans during the year with respect to certain of
the Companys facilities, which may result in the Company not realizing all or a significant
portion of the benefits that we intend; |
|
|
|
the actual amount to be spent by the Company on investments in the business, including on
marketing, promotion, rewards and cardmember services and certain other operating expenses,
which will be based in part on managements assessment of competitive opportunities and the
Companys performance and the ability to control and manage operating, infrastructure,
advertising, promotion and rewards expenses as business expands or changes, including the
changing behavior of cardmembers; |
|
|
|
the effectiveness of the Companys risk management policies and procedures, including credit
risk relating to consumer debt, liquidity risk in meeting business requirements and
operational risks; |
|
|
|
the Companys lending write-off rates
for the remainder of 2011 and into 2012 not remaining below the average
historical levels of the last ten years, which will depend in part on
changes in the level of the Companys loan balances, delinquency
rates of cardmembers, unemployment rates, the volume of bankruptcies
and recoveries of previously written-off loans; |
|
|
|
changes affecting the Companys ability to accept or maintain deposits due to market demand
or regulatory constraints, such as changes in interest rates and regulatory restrictions on
the Companys ability to obtain deposit funding or offer competitive interest rates, which
could affect the Companys liquidity position and the Companys ability to fund the Companys
business; and |
|
|
|
factors beyond the Companys control such as fire, power loss, disruptions in
telecommunications, severe weather conditions, natural disasters, terrorism, hackers or
fraud, which could affect travel-related spending or disrupt the Companys global network
systems and ability to process transactions. |
A further description of these uncertainties and other risks can be found in the Companys Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010.
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
The Company and its subsidiaries are involved in a number of legal and arbitration proceedings,
including class actions, concerning matters arising in connection with the conduct of their
respective business activities. The Company believes it has meritorious defenses to each of these
actions and intends to defend them vigorously. In the course of its business, the Company and its
subsidiaries are also subject to governmental examinations, information gathering requests,
subpoenas, inquiries and investigations. The Company believes that it is not a party to, nor are
any of its properties the subject of, any pending legal, arbitration, regulatory or investigative
proceedings that would have a material adverse effect on the Companys consolidated financial
condition or liquidity. However, it is possible that the outcome of any such proceeding could have
a material impact on results of operations in any particular reporting period as the proceedings
are resolved. Certain legal proceedings involving the Company are described below.
For those legal proceedings and governmental examinations disclosed below as to which a loss is
reasonably possible in future periods, whether in excess of a related accrued liability or where
there is no accrued liability, and for which the Company is able to estimate a range of possible
loss, the current estimated range is zero to $520 million in excess of the accrued liability (if
any) related to those matters. This aggregate range represents managements estimate of possible
loss with respect to these matters and is based on currently available information. This estimated
range of possible loss does not represent the Companys maximum loss exposure. The legal
proceedings and governmental examinations underlying the
64
estimated range will change from time to
time and actual results may vary significantly from the current estimate. For additional
information, refer to Note 15 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Corporate Matters
During the last few years as regulatory interest in credit card network pricing to merchants and
related issues has increased, the Company has responded to many inquiries from banking and
competition authorities throughout the world.
On October 4, 2010, the DOJ, along with Attorneys General from Connecticut, Iowa, Maryland,
Michigan, Missouri, Ohio and Texas, filed a complaint in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern
District of New York against the Company, MasterCard International Incorporated and Visa, Inc.,
alleging a violation of Section 1 of the Sherman Antitrust Act. The complaint alleges that the
defendants policies prohibiting merchants from steering a customer to use another networks card,
another type of card or another method of payment (anti-steering and non-discrimination rules
and contractual provisions) violate the antitrust laws. The complaint alleges that the defendants
participate in two distinct markets, a General Purpose Card network services market, and a
General Purpose Card network services market for merchants in travel and entertainment (T&E)
businesses. The complaint contends that each of the defendants has market power in the alleged
two markets. The complaint seeks a judgment permanently enjoining the defendants from enforcing
their anti-steering and non-discrimination rules and contractual provisions. The complaint does
not seek monetary damages. Concurrent with the filing of the complaint, Visa and MasterCard
announced they had reached an agreement settling the allegations in the complaint against them by
agreeing to modifications in their rules prohibiting merchants that accept their cards from
steering customers to use another networks card, another type of card or another method of
payment. In
December 2010, the complaint filed by the DOJ and certain state attorneys general was amended to
add as plaintiffs the Attorneys General from Arizona, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Montana, Nebraska,
New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Utah and Vermont. American Express response to the
amended complaint was filed in early January 2011. The court has entered a scheduling order in the
matter with a deadline for completion of discovery by September 2, 2012, and a final pre-trial
conference schedule for February 2013. This matter is being coordinated with other cases pending in
the Eastern District of New York against American Express relating to the non-discrimination
provisions in its merchant agreements, which cases are described below in the section entitled
U.S. Card Services and Global Merchant Services Matters.
On February 20, 2009, a putative class action captioned Brozovich v. American Express Co.,
Kenneth I. Chenault and Daniel T. Henry, was filed in the United States District Court for the
Southern District of New York. The lawsuit alleged violations of the federal securities laws in
connection with certain alleged misstatements regarding the credit quality of the Companys credit
card customers. The purported class covered the period from March 1, 2007 to November 12, 2008.
The action sought unspecified damages and costs and fees. The Brozovich action was
subsequently voluntarily dismissed. In March 2009, a putative class action, captioned Baydale
v. American Express Co., Kenneth I. Chenault and Daniel Henry, which made similar allegations
to those made in the Brozovich action, was filed in the United States District Court for
the Southern District of New York. In October 2009, the plaintiff in the Baydale action
filed an Amended Consolidated Class Action Complaint in the action. The Company filed a motion to
dismiss with the Court. In July 2010, the Court granted the Companys motion to dismiss and
dismissed the complaint in its entirety. The plaintiff has appealed the District Courts decision
on motion to dismiss to the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, and briefing has
begun in the appeal.
65
The Company is a defendant in a putative class action captioned Kaufman v. American Express
Travel Related Services, which was filed on February 14, 2007, and is pending in the United
States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois. The allegations in Kaufman relate
primarily to monthly service fee
charges in respect of the Companys gift card products, with the principal claim being that the
Companys gift cards violate consumer protection statutes because consumers allegedly have
difficulty spending small residual amounts on the gift cards prior to the imposition of monthly
service fees. In January 2009, the Company signed a Memorandum of Understanding to resolve these
claims. Since such time, the parties have entered into a settlement agreement that was submitted
to the Court for preliminary approval. The proposed settlement class consists of all purchasers,
recipients and holders of all gift cards issued by American Express from January 1, 2002 through
the date of preliminary approval of the Settlement, including without limitation, gift cards sold
at physical retail locations, via the internet, or through mall co-branded programs. Under the
terms of the proposed settlement, in addition to certain non-monetary relief, the Company would pay
$3 million into a settlement fund. Members of the settlement class would then be entitled to
submit claims against the settlement fund to receive refunds of certain gift card fees, and any
monies remaining in the settlement fund after payment of all claims would be paid to charity. In
addition, the Company would make available to the settlement class for a period of time the
opportunity to buy gift cards with no purchase fee. Finally, the Company would be responsible for
paying class counsels reasonable fees and expenses and certain expenses of administering the class
settlement. The Company is also a defendant in two other putative class actions making allegations
similar to those made in Kaufman: Goodman v. American Express Travel Related
Services, pending in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York, and
Jarratt v. American Express Company, filed in California Superior Court in San Diego and
subsequently removed to the United States District Court for the Southern District of California.
If the court ultimately approves the proposed settlement in Kaufman, all related gift card
claims and actions would also be released. In August 2010, in response to objections by plaintiffs
in certain of the other pending cases, the Kaufman court partially granted and partially
denied approval of the settlement. The Company had filed a motion for reconsideration of the
portion of the courts decision partially denying approval of the settlement, but it has withdrawn
that motion. The parties are discussing resolving the issues remaining in order to obtain
preliminary approval of the proposed settlement.
U.S. Card Services and Global Merchant Services Matters
Merchant Cases
Since July 2003 the Company has been named in a number of putative class actions in which the
plaintiffs allege an unlawful antitrust tying arrangement between certain of the Companys charge
cards and credit cards in violation of various state and federal laws. These cases have all been
consolidated in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York under the
caption: In re American Express Merchants Litigation. A case making similar allegations
was also filed in the Southern District of New York in July 2004 captioned: The Marcus
Corporation v. American Express Company et al. The Marcus case is not consolidated.
The plaintiffs in these actions seek injunctive relief and an unspecified amount of damages. In
April 2004, the Company filed a motion to dismiss all the actions filed prior to the date of its
motion. In March 2006, that motion was granted, with the Court finding the claims of the
plaintiffs to be subject to arbitration. The plaintiffs appealed the District Courts arbitration
ruling and in January 2009, the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit reversed the
District Court. The Company filed with the United States Supreme Court a petition for a writ of
certiorari from the Second Circuits arbitration ruling. In May 2010, the Supreme Court granted
the Companys petition, vacated the judgment of the Second Circuit and remanded the case back to
the Second Circuit for further consideration. On March 8, 2011, the Second Circuit again reversed
the District Court, and reaffirmed its prior reasoning in doing so notwithstanding the Supreme
Courts vacation and remand of the decision. The Company intends to seek further review of the
matter and filed a motion with the Second Circuit request
that the court stay issuance of the mandate remanding the matter to the District Court pending that
petition. On April 4, 2011, the Second Circuit granted the Companys motion to stay the issuance
of the mandate.
66
In October 2007, The Marcus Corporation filed a motion seeking
certification of a class. In March 2009, the Court denied the plaintiffs motion for class
certification, without prejudicing
their right to remake such a motion upon resolution of the pending summary judgment motion. In
September 2008, American Express moved for summary judgment seeking dismissal of The Marcus
Corporations complaint, and The Marcus Corporation cross-moved for partial summary judgment on the
issue of liability. A decision on the summary judgment motions is pending. A case captioned
Hayama Inc. v. American Express Company et al., which makes similar allegations as those in
the actions described above, was filed and remains in the Superior Court of California, Los Angeles
County (filed December 2003). The Company continues to request that the California Superior Court
that is hearing the Hayama action stay such action. To date the Hayama action has
been stayed.
In February 2009, an amended complaint was filed in In re American Express Merchants
Litigation. The amended complaint contains a single count alleging a violation of federal
antitrust laws through an alleged unlawful tying of: (a) corporate, small business and/or personal
charge card services; and (b) Blue, Costco and standard GNS credit card services. In addition, in
February 2009, a new complaint making the same allegations as made in the amended complaint filed
in In re American Express Merchants Litigation was also filed in the United States
District Court for the Southern District of New York. That new case is captioned Greenporter
LLC and Bar Hama LLC, on behalf of themselves and all others similarly situated v. American Express
Company and American Express Travel Related Services Company, Inc. Proceedings in the
Greenporter action and on the amended complaint filed in In re American Express
Merchants Litigation have been held in abeyance pending the disposition of the motions for
summary judgment in the Marcus case.
Since August 2005, the Company has been named in a number of putative class actions alleging that
the Companys anti-steering policies and contractual provisions violate United States antitrust
laws. Those cases were consolidated in the United States District Court for the Southern District
of New York under the caption In re American Express Anti-Steering Rules Antitrust
Litigation. The plaintiffs complaint in that consolidated action seeks injunctive relief and
unspecified damages. These plaintiffs agreed that a stay would be imposed with regard to their
respective actions pending the appeal of the Courts arbitration ruling discussed above. Given the
2009 ruling of the Second Circuit (described above in connection with In re American Express
Merchants Litigation), the stay was lifted, and American Express response to the complaint
was filed in April 2009. The Court entered a scheduling order on December 28, 2009. In July 2010
the Court entered an order partially staying the case pending the Second Circuits arbitration
ruling (following the 2010 remand by the Supreme Court described above in connection with In re
American Express Merchants Litigation). In June 2010, the attorneys representing the
plaintiffs in In re American Express Anti-Steering Rules Antitrust Litigation filed an
action making similar allegations captioned National Supermarkets Association v. American
Express and American Express Travel Related Services. Upon filing, the plaintiffs designated
that case as related to In re American Express Anti-Steering Rules Antitrust Litigation.
By agreement of the parties, that case had been partially stayed pending the Second Circuits
arbitration ruling referenced above. After the Second Circuits ruling, the District Court lifted
the partial stay in response to plaintiffs request. However, in light of the Second Circuits
stay of the issuance of the mandate in the action captioned In re American Express Merchants
Litigation, the Company has sought reinstitution of the partial stay.
In June 2008, five separate lawsuits were filed against American Express Company in the United
States District Court for the Eastern District of New York alleging that the Companys
anti-steering provisions in its merchant acceptance agreements with the merchant plaintiffs
violate federal antitrust laws. As alleged by the plaintiffs, these provisions prevent merchants
from offering consumers incentives to use alternative forms of payments when consumers wish to use
an American Express-branded card. The five suits were filed by each of Rite-Aid Corp., CVS
Pharmacy Inc., Walgreen Co., Bi-Lo LLC, and H.E. Butt Grocery Company. The plaintiff in each
action seeks damages and injunctive relief. American Express filed its
67
answer to these complaints
and also filed a motion to dismiss these complaints as time barred. The Court denied the Companys
motion to dismiss the complaints in March 2010. On October 1, 2010, the parties to these actions
agreed to stay all proceedings pending related mediations, and Magistrate Judge Ramon E. Reyes
entered an order staying these actions on October 18, 2010. The parties have since notified the
Court
that those mediations have reached impasses. On January 21, 2011, the following parties filed
lawsuits making similar allegations that the Companys anti-steering provisions violate antitrust
laws: Meijer, Inc., Publix Super Markets, Inc., Raleys Inc., Supervalu, Inc., The Kroger Co.,
Safeway, Inc., Ahold U.S.A., Inc., Albertsons LLC, Hy-Vee, Inc., and The Great Atlantic & Pacific
Tea Company, Inc.
In November 2010, two putative class action complaints making allegations similar to those in
In re American Express Anti-Steering Rules Antitrust Litigation were filed in the United
States District Court for the Eastern District of New York by Firefly Air Solutions, LLC d/b/a 128
Café and Plymouth Oil Corp. d/b/a Liberty Gas Station. In addition, in December 2010, a putative
class action complaint making similar allegations, and seeking certification of a Wisconsin-only
class, was filed by Treehouse Inc. d/b/a Treehouse Gift & Home in the United States District Court
for the Western District of Wisconsin. In January 2011, a putative class complaint, captioned
Il Forno v. American Express Centurion Bank, seeking certification of a California-only
class and making allegations similar to those in In re American Express Anti-Steering Rules
Antitrust Litigation, was filed in United States District Court for the Central District of
California. These matters also had been partially stayed pending the Second Circuits arbitration
decision in action captioned In re American Express Merchants Litigation. After the
partial stay was lifted, plaintiffs filed a Consolidated Class Complaint making similar allegations
to the prior class allegations in the various class complaints, but dropping certain merchants as
plaintiffs.
On February 7, 2011, in response to a transfer motion filed by the plaintiffs in the Plymouth Oil
action discussed above, the United States Judicial Panel on Multi-District Litigation entered an
order centralizing the following actions discussed above in the Eastern District of New York for
coordinated or consolidated pretrial proceedings before the Honorable Nicholas G. Garaufis: (a)
the putative class action that had been previously pending in the Southern District of New York
captioned In re American Express Anti-Steering Rules Antitrust Litigation; (b) the putative
class actions already pending in the Eastern District of New York filed by Firefly Air Solutions,
LLC and by Plymouth Oil Corp.; and (c) the individual merchant suits already pending in the Eastern
District of New York. On February 15, 2011, the United States Judicial Panel on Multi-District
Litigation issued a conditional transfer order centralizing the related putative class actions
pending in the Central District of California and Western District of Wisconsin before Judge
Garaufis in the Eastern District of New York, and those actions have been centralized before
Judge Garaufis for all pre-trial purposes.
Other Cases
In September 2010, a putative class action, captioned Meeks v. American Express Centurion
Bank, was filed in Fulton County Superior Court, Georgia. In October 2010, the Company removed
the matter to federal court. The complaint alleges that plaintiff opened an account in 2005 with
an interest rate of prime plus an additional marginal rate of 2.99 percent. Plaintiff contends that
he was promised that the marginal rate would remain fixed. Plaintiff alleges that beginning in
December 2008 the marginal rate began to increase. Plaintiff asserts claims for breach of
contract, covenant of good faith and fair dealing, unconscionability, unjust enrichment and duress.
Plaintiff seeks to certify a nationwide class of all American Express Cardmembers who received
unilateral interest rate increases despite their accounts being in good standing. Plaintiff filed
a motion seeking to remand the case from federal court back to state court, and that motion has
been denied.
In September 2001, Hoffman, et al. v. American Express Travel Related Services Company, et
al. was filed in the Superior Court of the State of California, Alameda County. Plaintiffs in
that case claim that American Express erroneously charged Cardmember accounts in connection with
its airflight insurance programs because in certain circumstances customers must request refunds,
as disclosed in materials for the voluntary program. In January 2006, the Court certified a class
of American Express charge Cardmembers
68
asserting claims for breach of contract and conversion under
New York law, with a subclass of California residents asserting violations of California Business &
Professions Code §§ 17200 and 17500, and a subclass of New York residents asserting violation of
New York General Business Law § 349. American Express sought to compel arbitration of the claims
of all non-California residents. The motion to compel
arbitration was denied by the trial court, which decision was affirmed by the California Court of
Appeal in July 2007. The case went to trial in November 2008 and January to February 2009.
American Express was granted judgment on all counts. The plaintiffs
have appealed the Court of
Appeals decision; American Express has filed a protective notice of appeal to preserve certain
legal issues, and briefing has begun on plaintiffs appeal.
In addition, a case making the same factual allegations (purportedly on behalf of a different class
of Cardmembers) as those in the Hoffman case is pending in the United States District Court
for the Eastern District of New York, entitled Law Enforcement Systems v. American Express et
al. That case was stayed pending the trial in the Hoffman action. After judgment was
rendered for American Express in Hoffman, the plaintiff in Law Enforcement Systems
asked the Court to lift the stay and to allow plaintiff to obtain certain Cardmember information.
The Court denied the request. The Company has moved to dismiss the complaint in light of the
decision in Hoffman and the failure to substitute an appropriate plaintiff in the case. Further,
on October 30, 2008, a putative class action on behalf of American Express credit Cardmembers
making the same allegations as those raised in the Hoffman and Law Enforcement
Systems cases was filed in the United States District Court for the Southern District of
Florida, captioned Kass v. American Express Card Services, Inc., American Express Company and
American Express Travel Related Services. On March 11, 2009, the Kass Court entered an
order granting the joint motion of the parties to stay the case, and the Court also
administratively closed the case.
In July 2004, a purported class action captioned Ross, et al. v. American Express Company,
American Express Travel Related Services and American Express Centurion Bank was filed in the
United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. The complaint alleges that
American Express conspired with Visa, MasterCard and Diners Club in the setting of foreign currency
conversion rates and in the inclusion of arbitration clauses in certain of their cardmember
agreements. The suit seeks injunctive relief and unspecified damages. The class is defined as
all Visa, MasterCard and Diners Club general-purpose cardholders who used cards issued by any of
the MDL Defendant Banks. American Express cardholders are not part of the class. In September
2005, the District Court denied the Companys motion to dismiss the action and preliminarily
certified an injunction class of Visa and MasterCard cardholders to determine the validity of
Visas and MasterCards cardmember arbitration clauses. American Express filed a motion for
reconsideration with the District Court, which motion was denied in September 2006. The Company
filed an appeal from the District Courts order denying its motion to compel arbitration. In
October 2008, the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit denied the Companys appeal
and remanded the case to the District Court for further proceedings. In January 2010, the Court
(1) certified a damage class of all Visa, MasterCard and Diners Club general purpose cardholders
who used cards issued by any of the alleged co-conspiring banks during the period July 22, 2000 to
November 8, 2006, who were assessed a foreign exchange transaction fee or surcharge and who have
submitted valid claims in In re Currency Conversion Antitrust Litigation, and (2) denied
American Express motion to amend its answer to add the affirmative defense of release. In June
2010, the Company filed a motion for summary judgment with the Court, which sought dismissal of
plaintiffs complaint, and on March 29, 2011, the Court denied that motion.
International Matters
In April 2011, in a matter captioned 9085-4886 Quebec Inc. and Peter Bakopanos v. Amex Bank of
Canada and Amex Canada Inc., a motion was filed in the Quebec Superior Court seeking to
authorize the bringing of a class action lawsuit alleging that the Companys anti-steering rules
violate Canadian competition law. The plaintiffs seek unspecified damages and the elimination of
the anti-steering rules.
69
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
For a discussion of the Companys risk factors, see Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors of the
Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010. There are no material
changes from the risk factors set forth in such Annual Report on Form 10-K. However, the risks and
uncertainties that the Company faces are not limited to those set forth in the 2010 Form 10-K.
Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to the Company or that it currently believes
to be immaterial may also adversely affect the Companys business and the trading price of its
securities.
70
ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
(c) ISSUER PURCHASES OF SECURITIES
The table below sets forth the information with respect to purchases of the Companys common stock
made by or on behalf of the Company during the quarter ended March 31, 2011.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Maximum |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Number |
|
|
Number |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
of Shares |
|
|
of Shares that |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchased as |
|
|
May Yet Be |
|
|
|
Total Number |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Part of Publicly |
|
|
Purchased Under |
|
|
|
of Shares |
|
|
Average Price |
|
|
Announced Plans |
|
|
the Plans or |
|
|
|
Purchased |
|
|
Paid Per Share |
|
|
or Programs |
(3) |
|
Programs |
|
January 1-31, 2011 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Repurchase program (1) |
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
85,853,140 |
|
Employee transactions (2) |
|
|
360,171 |
|
|
$ |
44.58 |
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
February 1-28, 2011 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Repurchase program (1) |
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
85,853,140 |
|
Employee transactions (2) |
|
|
673,387 |
|
|
$ |
43.89 |
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
March 1-31, 2011 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Repurchase program (1) |
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
85,853,140 |
|
Employee transactions (2) |
|
|
238,453 |
|
|
$ |
43.42 |
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Employee transactions (2) |
|
|
1,272,011 |
|
|
$ |
44.00 |
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
As of March 31, 2011, there were approximately 86 million shares of common stock remaining
under Board authorization. Such authorization does not have an expiration date, and at
present, there is no intention to modify or otherwise rescind such authorization. Since
September 1994, the Company has acquired 684 million shares of common stock under various
Board authorizations to repurchase up to an aggregate of 770 million shares, including
purchases made under agreements with third parties. |
|
(2) |
|
Includes: (a) shares delivered by or deducted from holders of employee stock options who
exercised options (granted under the Companys incentive compensation plans) in satisfaction
of the exercise price and/or tax withholding obligation of such holders and (b) restricted
shares withheld (under the terms of grants under the Companys incentive compensation plans)
to offset tax withholding obligations that occur upon vesting and release of restricted
shares. The Companys incentive compensation plans provide that the value of the shares
delivered or attested to, or withheld, be based on the price of the Companys common stock on
the date the relevant transaction occurs. |
|
(3) |
|
Share purchases under publicly announced programs are made pursuant to open market purchases
or privately negotiated transactions (including with employee benefit plans) as market
conditions warrant and at prices the Company deems appropriate. |
71
ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
The list of exhibits required to be filed as exhibits to this report are listed on page E-1
hereof, under Exhibit Index, which is incorporated herein by reference.
72
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused
this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
|
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|
AMERICAN EXPRESS COMPANY |
|
|
|
|
(Registrant)
|
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|
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|
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Date: May 4, 2011
|
|
By
|
|
/s/ Daniel T. Henry |
|
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|
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|
|
Daniel T. Henry
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Executive Vice President and |
|
|
|
|
|
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Chief Financial Officer |
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
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Date: May 4, 2011
|
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By
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/s/ Joan C. Amble |
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|
|
Joan C. Amble
|
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|
|
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Executive Vice President and Comptroller |
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|
|
|
|
|
(Principal Accounting Officer) |
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|
73
EXHIBIT INDEX
The following exhibits are filed as part of this Quarterly Report:
|
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|
Exhibit |
|
Description |
|
12 |
|
|
Computation in Support of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges. |
|
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|
|
31.1 |
|
|
Certification of Kenneth I. Chenault pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)
promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
31.2 |
|
|
Certification of Daniel T. Henry pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)
promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
32.1 |
|
|
Certification of Kenneth I. Chenault pursuant
to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of
the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
32.2 |
|
|
Certification of Daniel T. Henry pursuant
to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of
the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
|
|
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|
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101.INS
|
|
XBRL Instance Document* |
|
|
|
|
|
101.SCH
|
|
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document* |
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|
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|
101.CAL
|
|
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document* |
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101.LAB
|
|
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document* |
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|
101.PRE
|
|
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document* |
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|
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|
|
101.DEF
|
|
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document* |
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* |
|
These interactive data files are furnished and deemed not filed or part of a registration
statement or prospectus for purposes of Sections 11 or 12 of the Securities Act of 1933, as
amended, are deemed not filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, as amended, and otherwise are not subject to liability under
those sections. |
E-1