SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
 


FORM 20-F

o
REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR (g) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
OR
x
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008
 
OR
o
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the transition period from                    to
 
OR
o
SHELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
Date of event requiring this shell company report
 
For the transition period from                    to

Commission file number: 001-12568


 
BBVA BANCO FRANCÉS S.A.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

BBVA FRENCH BANK
(Translation of Registrant’s name into English)

Republic of Argentina
(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
 

 
Reconquista 199
(C1003ABB) Buenos Aires. Republic of Argentina
(Address of principal executive offices)
 

 
Evelina Sarrailh – 011-54-11-4346-4296 – evelina.sarrailh@bancofrances.com.ar  – Reconquista 281 3° (C1003ABE) Buenos Aires, Republic of Argentina
(Name, Telephone, E-mail and/or Facsimile number and Address of Company Contact Person)
 
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
 
 Title of each class
 
Name of each exchange on which registered
American Depositary Shares, each representing the right to receive three ordinary shares, par value Ps.1.00 per share
 
New York Stock Exchange
Ordinary shares, par value Ps.1.00 per share
 
New York Stock Exchange*

 
*  The ordinary shares are not listed for trading, but are listed only in connection with the registration of the American Depositary Shares, pursuant to  requirements of the New York Stock Exchange.

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
 
Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act: None
 
The number of outstanding shares of each of the classes of capital or common stock of the registrant
as of the close of the period covered by the annual report:
 
Title of class
 
Number of shares outstanding
Ordinary Shares, par value Ps.1.00 per share
 
471,361,306

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Acto Yes   x  No
 
If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. o Yes   x  No
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days:  x Yes    o  No
 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
 
Large accelerated filer  o      Accelerated filer   x       Non-accelerated filer   o
 
Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing:
 
U.S. GAAP  o
International Financial Reporting Standards by the International Accounting Standards Board as issued   o
Other  x
 
If “Other” has been checked in response to the previous question, indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow.
 
o   Item 17  x   Item 18
 
If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).   o Yes    x  No
 
 
 


 

 
TABLE OF CONTENTS

 
Page
   
1
   
1
   
2
   
 
     
3
3
3
14
90
91
117
134
137
137
140
150
154
   
 
     
155
155
155
157
157
158
158
158
   
 
     
159
159
159
 
 
 
 
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
 
This Form 20-F contains words, such as “believe”, “expect”, “estimate”, “intend”, “plan”, “may” and “anticipate” and similar expressions, that identify forward-looking statements, which reflect our views about future events and financial performance. Actual results could differ materially as a result of factors beyond our control, including but not limited to:
 
 
§
Changes in general economic, business or political or other conditions in the Republic of Argentina (“Argentina”) or changes in general economic or business conditions in Latin America;
 
 
§
Changes in capital markets in general that may affect policies or attitudes toward lending to Argentina or Argentine companies;
 
 
§
Increased costs and decreased income related to macroeconomic variables such as exchange rates and the Consumer Price Index (“CPI”);
 
 
§
Unanticipated increases in financing and other costs or the inability to obtain additional debt or equity financing on attractive terms; and
 
 
§
The factors discussed under “Risk Factors”.
 
Accordingly, readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date hereof. BBVA Banco Francés undertakes no obligation to update or revise these forward-looking statements or to publicly release the results of any revisions to these forward-looking statements. The accompanying information in this annual report, including, without limitation, the information under “Information on the Company”, “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects” and “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” identifies important factors that could cause material differences between any forward-looking statements and actual results.
 
PRESENTATION OF FINANCIAL INFORMATION

General

BBVA Banco Francés S.A. (“BBVA Banco Francés”) is an Argentine bank and maintains its financial books and records in Argentine pesos and prepares its financial statements in conformity with the accounting rules of the Banco Central de la República Argentina (the “Central Bank” or “BCRA”) related thereto (“Argentine Banking GAAP”), which differ in some respects from generally accepted accounting principles in Argentina (see Note 4 to our Consolidated Financial Statements) and the accounting principles in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”). See Note 20 to our Consolidated Financial Statements for a description of the principal differences between Argentine Banking GAAP and U.S. GAAP, as they relate to us, and a reconciliation to U.S. GAAP of net income and total stockholders’ equity. In this annual report, references to “$”, “U.S.$” and “dollars” are to United States dollars, references to “Ps.” or “pesos” are to Argentine pesos. Percentages and certain dollar and peso amounts have been rounded for ease of presentation. Unless otherwise stated, all market share and other industry information has been derived from information published by the Central Bank.
 
The Consolidated Financial Statements are presented in accordance with the guidelines of Technical Resolution No. 4 of the Argentine Federation of Economic Sciences Professional Association (Federación Argentina de Consejos Profesionales de Ciencias Económicas—“FACPCE”), modified by Technical Resolution No. 19, and the disclosure standards set by the Central Bank.
 
The Bank presents its financial statements in equivalents purchasing power. These financial statements recognize the effects of the changes in the purchasing power of the currency through February 28, 2003, following the restatement method established by FACPCE Technical Resolution No. 6 (modified by Technical Resolution No. 19), using an adjustment rate derived from the Argentine internal Wholesale Price Index published by the National Institute of Statistics and Census (“INDEC”) of Argentina.
 
According to the above mentioned method, the accounting measurements were restated by the purchasing power changes through August 31, 1995. As of that date, based on the prevailing economic stability conditions and according to the National Securities Commission (“CNV”) General Resolution No. 272 and Central Bank Communication “A” 2365, the accounting measures were not restated through December 31, 2001. In view of CNV General Resolution No. 415 and Central Bank Communication “A” 3702, the method was reinstated effective as of January 1, 2002, considering the previous accounting measures restated as of December 31, 2001.
 
 
 
By Communication “A” 3921 of the Central Bank and General Resolution No. 441/03 of the CNV, in compliance with Decree No. 664/03 of the Federal Executive, application of the restatement method to financial statements in equivalent purchasing power has been suspended as of March 1, 2003. Accordingly, BBVA Banco Francés S.A. applied the mentioned restatement method until February 28, 2003.
 
Unless otherwise indicated, financial information contained in this annual report reflects the consolidation of the following subsidiaries at and for the fiscal years indicated below:
 
   
December 31,
 
Entity
 
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
PSA Finance Argentina Compañía Financiera S.A.
    X       X       X  
Consolidar AFJP S.A.
    X       X       X  
Consolidar Compañía de Seguros de Vida S.A. and subsidiary
    X       X       X  
Consolidar Compañía de Seguros de Retiro S.A. and subsidiary
    X       X       X  
Francés Valores Sociedad de Bolsa S.A.
    X       X       X  
Atuel Fideicomisos S.A. and subsidiary
    X       X       X  

On January 7, 2002, Argentina abandoned the peso-dollar parity introduced in April 1991 under Law No. 23,928 (the “Convertibility Law”). Following the initial devaluation and the setting of an official rate exchange at Ps.1.4 per U.S.$1.0, the peso was allowed to float, and as of March 26, 2008 traded at approximately Ps.3.1688 per U.S.$1.0. See “Key Information—Exchange Rates” for information regarding the evolution of rates of exchange since fiscal year 2002.
 
CERTAIN TERMS AND CONVENTIONS

As used in this Form 20-F, “BBVA Banco Francés”, the “Bank”, the “Company” and terms such as “we,” “us” and “our” mean BBVA Banco Francés S.A. and its consolidated subsidiaries unless the context otherwise requires.
 



 
- PART I -

ITEM 1. IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS

Not applicable.
 
ITEM 2. OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE

Not applicable.
 
ITEM 3. KEY INFORMATION

Recent Events in Argentina

Substantially all of our operations, property and customers are located in Argentina. Therefore, the performance of our loan portfolio, our financial condition and the results of our operations depend primarily on the macroeconomic and political conditions prevailing in Argentina. In response to the Argentine political and economic crisis that began in the last quarter of 2001, the Government has undertaken numerous far-reaching initiatives that, especially in 2002, radically changed the macroeconomic and regulatory environment in Argentina, specifically as it pertains to the financial industry in particular.
 
Selected Financial Data
 
The information in this section has been selected from the Consolidated Financial Statements as of the dates and for the fiscal years indicated and gives effect to the measures adopted by the Government since December 31, 2001. This information should be read in conjunction with, and is qualified in its entirety by reference to, “Risk Factors” and “Recent Events in Argentina”, the Consolidated Financial Statements, and the related notes. The selected financial data for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007, 2006, 2005 and 2004 are derived from the financial statements. For information concerning the preparation and presentation of the financial statements, see “Presentation of Financial Information”.
 
See “Key Information—Recent Events in Argentina”, “Risk Factors—Factors Related to Argentina”, and “Risk Factors—Factors Related to BBVA Banco Francés”.
 
 
 

 
   
For the Fiscal Year Ended December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
   
2005
   
2004 (9)
 
   
(in thousands of pesos) (1)
 
CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT
                             
Amounts in accordance with Argentine Banking GAAP
                         
Financial income
    2,279,104       1,904,212       1,936,404       1,654,152       1,154,825  
Financial expenses
    (1,201,681 )     (680,131 )     (568,345 )     (608,949 )     (458,360 )
Gross intermediation margin
    1,077,423       1,224,081       1,368,059       1,045,203       696,465  
Provision for loan losses
    (36,708 )     (62,262 )     (70,125 )     (114,628 )     (52,002 )
Service charge income
    1,190,417       1,182,789       915,875       721,167       584,913  
Service charge expenses
    (240,631 )     (158,927 )     (110,199 )     (77,764 )     (54,829 )
Operating expenses
    (1,413,448 )     (1,124,161 )     (927,404 )     (775,835 )     (679,829 )
(Net other expenses) / Net other income
    (227,074 )     (756,536 )     (885,473 )     (645,076 )     (458,764 )
Income / (Loss) before income tax
    349,979       304,984       290,733       153,067       35,954  
Income tax
    (31,270 )     (50,394 )     (71,680 )     (18,712 )     (77,099 )
Monetary loss
                               
Net income / (loss)
    318,709       254,590       219,053       134,355       (41,145 )
Net (loss) / income on minority interests in subsidiaries
    2,801       (19,541 )     (39,016 )     (17,151 )     (12,901 )
Final consolidated income / (loss)
    321,510       235,049       180,037       117,204       (54,046 )
                                         
Net operating revenue (3)
    2,027,209       2,247,943       2,173,735       1,688,606       1,226,549  
Operating income (4)
    577,053       1,061,520       1,176,206       798,143       494,718  
                                         
Net income / (loss) per ordinary shares (2) (10)
    0.68       0.50       0.38       0.25       (0.14 )
Net income / (loss) per ADS (2) (10)
    2.04       1.50       1.14       0.75       (0.42 )
Declared dividends per ordinary share (10)(12)
    0.21215       0.34793       0.19093       0.05728        
Declared dividends per ADS (10)(12)
    0.63645       1.04379       0.57279       0.17184        
Net operating income per ordinary shares (2) (10)
    1.22       2.25       2.50       1.69       1.28  
Net operating income per ADS (2) (10)
    3.66       6.75       7.50       5.07       3.84  
Average ordinary shares outstanding (000s) primary (10)
    471,361       471,361       471,361       471,361       385,334  
                                         
Net income / (loss) per ordinary shares (2) (11)
    0.68       0.50       0.38       0.25       (0.13 )
Net income / (loss) per ADS (2) (11)
    2.04       1.50       1.14       0.75       (0.39 )
Declared dividends per ordinary share (11)(12)
    0.21215       0.34793       0.19093       0.05728        
Declared dividends per ADS (11)(12)
    0.63645       1.04379       0.57279       0.17184        
Net operating income per ordinary shares (2) (11)
    1.22       2.25       2.50       1.69       1.18  
Net operating income per ADS (2) (11)
    3.66       6.75       7.50       5.07       3.54  
Average ordinary shares outstanding (000s) primary (11)
    471,361       471,361       471,361       471,361       419,745  
                                         
Amounts in accordance with U.S. GAAP:
                                       
Net income / (loss)
    915,081       909,080       977,543       1,634,612       1,407,519  
                                         
Net income / (loss) per ordinary share (2) (10)
    1.94       1.93       2.07       3.47       3.65  
Net income / (loss) per ADS (2) (10)
    5.82       5.79       6.21       10.41       10.95  
Average ordinary shares outstanding (000s) primary (10)
    471,361       471,361       471,361       471,361       385,334  
                                         
Net income / (loss) per ordinary share (2) (11)
    1.94       1.93       2.07       3.47       3.35  
Net income / (loss) per ADS (2) (11)
    5.82       5.79       6.21       10.41       10.05  
Average ordinary shares outstanding (000s) primary (11)
    471,361       471,361       471,361       471,361       419,745  
 
 
 
   
For the Fiscal Year Ended December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
   
2005
   
2004 (9)
 
   
(in thousands of pesos) (1)
 
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
                             
Amounts in accordance with Argentine Banking GAAP
                         
Cash and due from banks
    4,243,080       3,169,314       2,558,484       1,611,506       1,666,617  
Government and private securities
    5,233,660       5,181,253       4,372,032       3,504,311       2,476,948  
Loans, net of allowances
    12,507,489       11,390,121       9,534,183       8,481,476       9,268,723  
Other assets
    3,841,236       2,282,311       2,369,930       2,386,455       2,629,384  
Total assets
    25,825,465       22,022,999       18,834,629       15,983,748       16,041,672  
                                         
Deposits
    17,079,203       15,009,758       12,505,756       10,613,086       8,993,780  
Other liabilities and minority interest in subsidiaries
    6,670,238       4,956,404       4,374,289       3,569,115       5,363,549  
Total liabilities and minority interest in subsidiaries
    23,749,441       19,966,162       16,880,045       14,182,201       14,357,329  
                                         
Capital stock
    471,361       471,361       471,361       471,361       471,361  
Issuance premiums
    175,132       175,132       175,132       175,132       1,195,390  
Adjustments to stockholders’ equity
    312,979       312,979       312,979       312,979       769,904  
Retained earnings
    594,391       547,381       465,317       428,698       430,500  
Unrealized valuation difference
    (181,119 )     (42,796 )           230,282       230,282  
Unappropriated earnings
    703,280       592,780       529,795       183,095       (1,413,094 )
Total stockholders’ equity
    2,076,024       2,056,837       1,954,584       1,801,547       1,684,343  
                                         
Amounts in accordance with U.S. GAAP
                                       
Total assets
    27,199,899       23,266,358       19,230,659       15,421,682       14,069,122  
Total stockholders’ equity
    2,055,925       1,944,331       1,219,846       246,268       (1,325,801 )
                                         
SELECTED RATIOS IN ACCORDANCE WITH ARGENTINE BANKING GAAP
                                       
                                         
Profitability and Performance
                                       
Return on average total assets (5)
    1.34 %     1.15 %     1.03 %     0.73 %     (0.33 )%
Return on average stockholders’ equity (6)
    15.56 %     11.72 %     9.59 %     6.72 %     (3.32 )%
Services charge income as a percentage of operating expenses
    84.22 %     105.22 %     98.76 %     92.95 %     86.04 %
Operating expenses as a percentage of average total assets (7)
    5.91 %     5.50 %     5.33 %     4.85 %     4.20 %
                                         
Capital
                                       
Stockholders’ equity as a percentage of total assets
    8.04 %     9.34 %     10.38 %     11.27 %     10.50 %
Total liabilities as a multiple of stockholders’ equity
    11.44 %     9.71 x     8.64 x     7.87 x     8.52 x
                                         
Credit Quality
                                       
Allowances for loan losses as a percentage of total loans
    1.55 %     1.71 %     1.72 %     2.13 %     2.14 %
Non-performing loans as a percentage of gross loans (8)
    0.87 %     0.54 %     0.82 %     1.08 %     1.11 %
Allowances for loan losses as a percentage of non-performing loans (8)
    177.50 %     315.55 %     209.20 %     197.80 %     192.79 %
 

(1)
Except per-share and per-ADS data and financial ratios.
(2)
Assumes average ordinary shares outstanding in each period. The cash dividend amounts do not reflect any deduction for certain charges that are taken with regards to the “American Depositary Receipts”.
(3)
Includes: financial income, financial expenses, service charge income and service charge expenses.
(4)
Includes: financial income, financial expenses, provision for loan losses, services charge income, service charge expenses and operating expenses.
(5)
Net income as a percentage of average total assets, computed as the average of fiscal-year-beginning and fiscal-year-ending balances.
(6)
Net income as a percentage of average stockholders’ equity, computed as the average of fiscal-year-beginning and fiscal-year-ending balances.
(7)
Operating expenses as a percentage of average total assets, computed as the average of fiscal-year-beginning and fiscal-year-ending balances.
(8)
Non-performing loans include all loans to borrowers classified as “Problem”, “Medium Risk”, “High Risk of Insolvency”, “High Risk”, “Irrecoverable” and “Irrecoverable for Technical Decision” according to the Central Bank’s loan classification system as well as all loans contractually past due 90 days or more. See “Information on the Company—Selected Statistical Information—Allowance for Loan Losses and Loan Loss Experience”.
(9)
Restated from its original version to apply the adjustments to prior years income to these Consolidated Financial Statements related with Argentine Central Bank regulations.
(10)
The average ordinary shares outstanding was computed as the average of the previous twelve months.
(11)
The average ordinary shares outstanding was computed as the average of fiscal-year-beginning and fiscal-year-ended.
(12)
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 the dividends were paid Ps. 35 million in cash and Ps. 65 through the issue of new shares. For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2007, December 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005 the dividends were paid totally in cash.
 
 
 
 
Declared Dividends

The table below shows the declared dividends paid on each ordinary share and the equivalent of those dividends expressed in terms of dividends per American Depositary Share, each representing three ordinary shares (the “ADSs”), in each case adjusted for all stock dividends during the relevant periods. The Central Bank requires that we maintain 20% of our net income in legal reserves.
 
   
Declared Dividends
Per Ordinary Share(5)
   
Declared Dividends Per
ADS(5)
 
   
Ps.(1)
   
U.S.$
   
Ps.(1)
   
U.S.$
 
December 31, 2008 (3) (4)
    0.21215       0.78319       0.63645       2.34958  
December 31, 2007 (2) (3)
    0.34793       1.10252       1.04379       3.30756  
December 31, 2006 (2) (3)
    0.19093       0.58816       0.57279       1.76448  
December 31, 2005 (2) (3)
    0.05728       0.17619       0.17184       0.52858  
December 31, 2004 (3)
                       
 

(1)
Historical values.
(2)
Based upon the reference exchange rate quoted by Central Bank on the date of payment.
(3)
On April 2002, the Central Bank suspended the payment of dividends by Argentine financial institutions. As of June 2, 2004 the Central Bank will make some exceptions to the suspension of profits distributions and may pre-authorize dividend payments under certain conditions. See “Financial Information – Dividends”.
(4)
Based upon the reference exchange rate quoted by Central Bank at March 26, 2009.
(5)
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 the dividends were paid Ps. 35 million in cash and Ps. 65 through the issue of new shares. For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2007, December 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005 the dividends were paid totally in cash.
 
Exchange Rates

The following table shows the annual high, low, average and year-end free exchange rate for dollars for the periods indicated. The Federal Reserve Bank of New York does not report a noon buying rate for pesos.
 
 
Year /Period
 
High
 
Low
 
Average (1)
February 2009 (2)
 
Ps. 3.5595
 
Ps. 3.4860
 
Ps. 3.5115
January 2009 (2)
 
Ps. 3.4875
 
Ps. 3.4497
 
Ps. 3.4640
2008 (2)
 
Ps. 3.4537
 
Ps. 3.0128
 
Ps. 3.1614
December 2008 (2)
 
Ps. 3.4537
 
Ps. 3.3763
 
Ps. 3.4226
November 2008 (2)
 
Ps. 3.3800
 
Ps. 3.2993
 
Ps. 3.3292
October 2008 (2)
 
Ps. 3.3797
 
Ps. 3.1350
 
Ps. 3.2385
September 2008 (2)
 
Ps. 3.1302
 
Ps. 3.0305
 
Ps. 3.0824
2007 (2)
 
Ps. 3.1797
 
Ps. 3.0553
 
Ps. 3.1156
2006 (2)
 
Ps. 3.1072
 
Ps. 3.0305
 
Ps. 3.0741
2005 (2)
 
Ps. 3.0523
 
Ps. 2.8592
 
Ps. 2.9232
2004 (2)
 
Ps. 3.0718
 
Ps. 2.8037
 
Ps. 2.9415
 

(1)
The average of monthly average rates during the period.
(2)
Source: Central Bank.

The exchange rate on March 26, 2009 was Ps. 3.6917 = U.S.$1.00.
 
Fluctuations in the exchange rate between pesos and dollars affect the dollar equivalent of the peso price of the ordinary shares on the Buenos Aires Stock Exchange (Bolsa de Comercio de Buenos Aires — the “BCBA”) and as a result, would most likely affect the market price of the ADSs. Fluctuations in exchange rates also affect dividend income measured in dollars. The Bank of New York, as depositary for the ADSs is required, subject to the terms of the deposit agreement, to convert pesos to dollars at the prevailing exchange rate at the time of making any dividend payments or other distributions. The following table shows the rate of devaluation of the peso vis-à-vis the dollar, the rate of exchange (number of pesos per dollar prevailing in the Argentine foreign exchange market) and the rate of inflation for wholesale prices for fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 and for the four most recent fiscal years. Since the repeal of the Convertibility Law in January 2002, the peso has devalued approximately 269.17% vis-à-vis the dollar.
 
   
For the Fiscal Year Ended December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
   
2005
   
2004
 
Devaluation Rate
   
9.61%
     
  2.66%
     
1.25%
     
  1.94%
     
1.39%
 
Exchange Rate
   
3.4537
     
  3.1510
     
3.0695
     
  3.0315
     
2.9738
 
Inflation Rate (1)
   
8.98%
     
14.56%
     
7.17%
     
10.59%
     
7.92%
 
 

(1) The inflation rate presented is the general WPI published by the INDEC.
 
 

 
Risk Factors

Factors Related to Argentina
 
Overview
 
We are an Argentine corporation (sociedad anónima) and substantially all of our operations, properties and customers are located in Argentina. Accordingly, the quality of our assets, our financial condition and our results of operations depend primarily on macroeconomic and political conditions prevailing in Argentina. In the last quarter of 2001 Argentina experienced an economic and political crisis, marked by a severe recession and the abandonment of U.S. dollar-peso parity, which led to a significant devaluation of the peso against foreign currencies. This crisis was also marked by a significant decrease in banking deposit levels, high interest rates, a significant decline in the demand of products and services, and a substantial increase in unemployment. These conditions had an adverse effect on BBVA Banco Francés’ financial condition and results of operations, but after a strong economic comeback, the Bank is currently in a steady recovery process, although no assurance can be given that this trend will continue.
 
On May 25, 2003, Néstor Kirchner became the new President of Argentina, for a term that expired on December 10, 2007, after which Cristina Fernández de Kirchner assumed the presidency. Since 2003, there has been a favorable evolution in the Argentine economy, ending an economic recession that lasted more than six years. The following economic indicators are worth mentioning:
 
 
i)
GDP increased by 8.8%, 9.0%, 9.2%, 8.5%, 8.7% and 7% during 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2008, respectively;
 
 
ii)
the unemployment rate declined from 20.8% to 7.3% between the 4th quarters of 2002 and 2008;
 
iii)
total deposits in the financial system grew approximately 228% between December 2002 and December 2008;
 
iv)
the foreign exchange rate after the initial depreciation has remained relatively stable at around 3 pesos per dollar, ending 2008 at 3.4537 pesos per dollar (BCRA reference);
 
 
v)
the restructuring of the Argentine Sovereign Debt was completed in June 2005 with a bondholder participation by rate of approximately 76.15% and an aggregate tendered amount of U.S.$62.3 billion; and
 
vi)
the primary balance of the GDP increased considerably by 2.5%, 3.9%, 3.7%, 3.5%, 3.2% and 3.15% during 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2008, respectively.
 
Although the economic policies implemented by the Kirchner administration have succeeded in the short and mid-terms, there still remain major issues to be resolved, such as contracts with privatized public utilities and continuing default with respect to the pre-existing sovereign debt of the Argentine government that did not participate in the government’s exchange offer consummated in June 2005 (for more information regarding the restructuring of Argentina’s sovereign debt please seeRisk Factors—The incomplete restructuring of Argentina’s sovereign debt may affect the future of economic performance”).
 
The devaluation of the peso and other economic measures adopted by previous governments, and sustained by the current Government, have stimulated economic growth. After a period of high recession and contraction of the economy, the ceasing of payments of Argentina’s debts, the devaluation of the “peso”, and the increase in poverty, Argentina was able to reverse the negative trends and resume growth.
 
In the event that the Argentine government is unable to implement suitable political measures necessary to transform the current growth in the Argentine economy into a long-term sustained increase, there is a risk of political and economic turmoil reappearing. This could have a material and adverse effect on the Argentine economy, including on the financial system.
 
High inflation rate expectations could negatively affect the Argentine economy in general, including the access to the long-term financing market.
 
In the event of a scenario of high inflation rates, the Argentine exports could lose competitiveness in relation to international markets, by eroding the effects of the devaluation, which could in turn have a negative effect in the economy activity levels and employment. Moreover, a high inflation rate could undermine confidence in the Argentine financial system in general, and this would negatively affect the business volume of banks, including BBVA Banco Francés, and could potentially hinder loan activities, especially those at long term and fixed interest rate.
 
 
 
There exists discrepancy between statistical data published by INDEC (National Institute for Statistics and Census) referring to the CPI (consumer price index) for the Greater Buenos Aires area and CPI indexes corresponding to the different Argentine regions/provinces. This generates certain uncertainty in respect to inflation rates in the country as a whole and does not contribute to anchor inflation expectations. It is to be noted that assets indexed by CER are adjusted according to Greater Buenos Aires CPI.
 
A considerable decrease in the operating balance could negatively affect the Argentine economy in general, and the access to international financing markets.
 
Commencing in 2005, primary spending started to increase more abruptly than public income. Thus, the primary balance of the public non-financial sector has reduced from 3.9% of the GDP in 2004, to a 3.15% of the GDP in 2008. Moreover, the primary balance could be negatively affected in the future if the level of public spending is increased due to social security debts, financial assistance to the provinces with economic problems, increased spending on public works and the granting of subsidies to several economic activities.
 
Consequently, the decrease in the primary balance due to the increase of primary expenditure could negatively affect the future capacity of the government to access the long term financing markets.
 
The incomplete restructuring of Argentina’s sovereign debt may affect the future of economic performance.
 
The Argentine debt exchange offer closed on February 25, 2005. On March 18 2005, the Argentine government announced the final results of the debt restructuring process, with a rate of participation by bondholders of approximately 76.15% and an aggregate tendered amount of U.S.$62.3 billion. Despite the high levels of acceptance of the offer, the amounts not tendered for exchange totalled approximately U.S.$20 billion, which creates uncertainty as to the final resolution of the sovereign debt problem and its impact on the future performance of the Argentine economy. The settlement of the debt exchange was completed on June 2005 due to a delay resulting from legal action by certain bondholders who did not participate in the exchange offer and attempted to attach the tendered bonds. Some of these bondholders have legal actions against the Argentine government, therefore the Treasury Department of the United States and the IMF have insisted that the Argentine government provide a clear strategy directed to those bondholders who did not participate in the exchange offer.
 
This circumstance, might lead to a prolonged period where no new alternatives are offered to “hold-outs” and a significant proportion of Argentine public debt remains in default. Therefore, sovereign credit ratings will not improve significantly, while the risk of an attachment being made on an Argentine international payment remains and might adversely affect access to international financing for the banking system.
 
The stability of the foreign exchange market has led the Government to relax currency exchange controls. However, no assurance can be given that currency exchange controls will not again be tightened and that such circumstance will not have a material adverse effect on the results and the solvency of the financial system.
 
During the last five years the Government established a series of currency restrictions and foreign exchange controls. These measures included a prohibition of fund transfers abroad as a general matter, except in connection with foreign trade transactions, payment of purchases or withdrawals made through credit or debit cards and settlement of financial transactions, as well as the requirement of the Central Bank’s approval to transfer funds outside of Argentina for purposes of paying principal and interest on financial loans and making dividend payments. Since then, the currency restrictions and foreign exchange controls have been gradually relaxed in light of the increasing stability in the foreign exchange market. See “Additional InformationExchange Controls”. While the foreign exchange system has become more flexible under current regulations, there can be no assurance that the Government will not again tighten these restrictions or otherwise change the current foreign exchange system or that one or more of the types of transactions described in this annual report will not be severely restricted. Such restrictions could have a material adverse effect on the Argentine financial system, and on our results of operations and financial condition.
 
Economic conditions in Argentina could potentially restrict the access to the capital markets and third-party funding.
 
In view of the combination of macroeconomic and regulatory developments in Argentina during the last years and the adverse effect of those events on the financial condition, Argentine entities encountered significant difficulties in accessing the capital markets and alternative long-term financing. No assurance can be given that Argentine entities will be able to access the securities markets or that they may rely on third-party funding, either locally or internationally, in amounts sufficient to meet future projects obligations. In addition, no assurance can be given to investors that the current macroeconomic environment in Argentina will be maintained in the long term, thereby adversely affecting Argentine entities’ ability to generate funds sufficiently to meet their current and future debt obligations.
 
 
 
Government measures designed to exercise greater control over funds entering the country may disrupt the enterprises ability to access the international capital markets.
 
Argentina’s executive branch enacted Decree No. 616/05 to regulate funds coming into and flowing out of Argentina in order to maintain stability and support the economic recovery of the country. These measures require that 30% of the funds remitted to Argentina must be deposited in an account with a local financial institution as a U.S. dollar deposit for one year, without accruing interest. Financial sector and non-financial private sector inflows originated from foreign financial borrowings that are invested in non-financial assets and must be fully repaid (principal and interest) within 24 months from the date of the borrowing are not subject to the foregoing deposit requirement. These measures may adversely affect the Argentine entities’ ability to access the international capital markets and to effectively invest the funds raised in any such financing which could materially adversely affect Argentine entities’ financial condition and results of operations.
 
Financial institutions have made payments related to currency exchange rate differences in the refunding of deposits as ordered by the courts, for which financial institutions have still not been compensated. Such payments have had a material adverse effect and may continue to have an adverse effect on the liquidity and the solvency of the financial system and on its financial condition.
 
The measures adopted by the Federal Executive with respect to the political, economic, financial and foreign exchange emergency triggered a number of legal actions filed by individuals and companies, in the form of constitutional protection actions (judicial injunctions resulting in the immediate release of frozen deposits), against the Federal Government, the BCRA and Financial Institutions as the petitioners mainly arguing that the Law on Public Emergency and its supplementary provisions are unconstitutional. Based, mainly in the “Kiper vs. Federal Government and Others” case, dictated by the Argentine Supreme Court of Justice (“Supreme Court”), the courts massively started to order through constitutional protection actions the partial reimbursement of bank deposits in U.S. dollars or Argentine pesos at the “floating” exchange rate.
 
On March 11, 2002, the Argentine Association of Government-owned and Private Banks and the Argentine Bank Association filed a “per saltum” appeal with the Supreme Court under section 195 “bis” and following of the Argentine Code of Civil and Commercial Procedure (according to the modification introduced by Law No. 25,561). The appeal was filed for the benefit of government-owned and private banks members of such associations and was based on the Argentine institutional and systemic crisis, and on the need to comply with effective regulations to achieve an ordered and gradual solution for the restrictions affecting the financial system and guaranteeing a plurality of interest.
 
The Supreme Court has handed down the following decisions in relation to the claims filed as a result of the emergency situation described above:
 
 
§
On March 5, 2003, the action for the protection of constitutional rights brought against the Federal Government by the Province of San Luis, the Banco de la Nación Argentina and the BCRA was declared to be unconstitutional, ordering the return of the amounts deposited in either U.S. dollars or the equivalent in pesos at the free market rate of exchange.
 
 
§
On July 13, 2004, in the case “Cabrera, Geronimo Rafael vs. Poder Ejecutivo Nacional s/ Amparo”, the Supreme Court rejected the claim of a depositor on the grounds that the depositor had exercised his rights within the framework of the emergency laws and collected a portion of his deposit in pesos without reserving the right to claim the difference in U.S. dollars at the exchange rate prevailing in the open market.
 
 
§
On September 14, 2004, in the case “Campbell, Maria Enriqueta vda. de Tufiño y otro vs. Poder Ejecutivo Nacional. - Banco de Salta S.A. Grupo Macro s/ Amparo- Medida Cautelar”, the Supreme Court rejected the claim of a depositor that was filed before the Court of Original Jurisdiction and the Court of Appeals, declaring the unconstitutionality of the emergency rule questioned regarding the pesification of the deposit funds in foreign currency.
 
 
§
On October 26, 2004, in the case entitled “Bustos, Alberto Roque y otros vs. Poder Ejecutivo Nacional y otros s/ Amparo”, the Supreme Court revoked a decision on the protection of constitutional rights (amparo), declaring that such action is not adequate for such claim and upheld the constitutionality of the rule by which the Argentine economy was pesificated due to the economic, financial and exchange emergency situation which the country is going through, also confirmed by Congress Law. The revoked decision of the Original Jurisdiction does not state how the Judge of this jurisdiction will resolve the fullfilment of the Court and for such reason proceed to the refund of the amount already paid due to the legal claims ordered by a Grade Judge.
 
 
§
On December 27, 2006, in the case “Massa, Juan Agustin vs. Poder Ejecutivo Nacional – Dto. 1570 y Otro s/ Amparo Ley 16,986” the Supreme Court confirmed the constitutionality of the emergency legislation during 2001 and 2002 regarding the
 
 
 
    pesification of the Argentine economy and stated the calculation method applicable for the restitution of the deposits in the financial system subject to the mentioned emergency legislation. This calculation method is substantially different from the method that was originally enforced by the Executive Branch because it entitles each deposit holder to receive from the corresponding financial institution the reimbursement of his deposit at an exchange rate of Ps.1.4 = U.S.$1, adjusted by the benchmark stabilization coefficient known as and herein referred to as “CER” until payment date, plus a 4% annual compensatory interest for every concept which cannot be capitalized. CER is a stabilization coefficient applicable to debt obligations that have been pesificated as from February 4, 2002. This coefficient is calculated according to the variation of the Consumer Price Index published by a government dependent organism known as INDEC. Both in this court order as well as in a more recent one, “Kujarchuk vs/ Poder Ejecutivo Nacional”, the National Supreme Court establishes that the amounts withdrawn from the bank by judicial or non-judicial court measures will be considered advance payments, thus being obliged to deduce from the original tax in foreign currency, the percentage that, once converted into such currency, represents those payments converted into U.S. dollars at the free market quotation corresponding to each date. The payments thus effected are consolidated and deducted in this way in the liquidation made in accordance with the Massa case. Legal costs are applied in this instance pursuant to the order thereof and according to the Court of Appeals’ resolutions in prior cases. Also, the Supreme Court restricts the remaining amount to be refunded to the limit fixed by the Supreme Court, that is to say, the value in U.S. dollars of the original deposit.
 
Moreover, in connection with the above commented cases, on February 3, 2004, the Association of Argentine Bank (“ABA”), which groups all national banks of foreign-capital, filed with the Ministry of Economy a request for compensation of the exchange gain/loss resulting from compliance with judicial injunctions related to constitutional protection actions commenced by holders of deposits denominated in U.S. Dollars prior to the alteration of the convertibility regime. The Bank has consented to such filing.
 
As of the date hereof, most Argentine banks continue to be subject to precautionary measures and execution of judgments rendered by first or second instance courts as well as to decisions that adhered to the Supreme Court rulings in respect to the constitutionality of pesification and adhering to the own acts’ theory (as described in the mentioned above-cases).
 
Enforcement of the precautionary measures ordered by different courts in constitutional protection actions implies for the financial system substantial losses of capital. The Bank has informed of these losses to the Ministry Economy and the BCRA and has sought to reserve all of its legal rights. The Dispositions of Communication “A” 3916 dated April 3, 2003, which states the method to account the capitalizations arising from compliance with court orders in cases challenging regulations in force in accordance with Law No. 25,561, Decree No. 214/02 and complementary regulations in relation to deposits within the financial system is still in force.
 
To date the authorities have not ruled on possible compensation for the financial system in relation to these matters.
 
Class actions against financial entities for an indeterminate amount may affect the profitability of the financial system.
 
At the moment, certain public and private organizations have attempted collective actions against financial institutions in Argentina. Class actions are established in Argentina in the National Constitution but their use has not been regulated. Nevertheless courts have admitted class actions in the absence of specific regulation, covering the legal void. These courts have admitted diverse lawsuits against financial entities initiated in defense of collective interests, based on arguments of objection of overcharging on products, applied interest rates and advice in the sale of public securities, among other things.
 
The business may be vulnerable to the current disruptions and volatility in the global financial markets as well as to government action intended to alleviate the effects of the current financial crisis.
 
Since August 2007, the global financial system has experienced difficult credit and liquidity conditions and disruptions leading to greater volatility. In September 2008, global financial markets deteriorated sharply following the bankruptcy filing by Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc. In the days that followed, it became apparent that a number of other major financial institutions, including some of the largest global commercial banks, investment banks, mortgage lenders, mortgage guarantors and insurance companies, were experiencing significant difficulties.
 
In recent months, there have been runs on deposits at several financial institutions and numerous institutions have sought additional capital. Central banks around the world have coordinated efforts to increase liquidity in the financial markets by taking measures such as increasing the amounts they lend directly to financial institutions, lowering interest rates and significantly increasing temporary reciprocal currency arrangements. In an attempt to prevent the failure of the financial system, the United States and European governments have intervened on an unprecedented scale. There is no assurance that these measures will successfully alleviate the current financial crisis.
 
 
 
Despite the extent of the aforementioned intervention, global investor confidence remains low and credit remains relatively scarce. In addition, the world’s largest developed economies are widely considered to be in the midst of, or about to enter, economic recessions. Continued or worsening disruption and volatility in the global financial markets could have a material adverse effect on our ability to access capital and liquidity on acceptable financial terms. An economic downturn could negatively affect the financial stability of our customers, which could result in a general reduction in business activity and a consequent loss of income for us.]
 
Factors Related to BBVA Banco Francés
 
BBVA Banco Francés has a considerable portfolio in public securities from, and loans to, the National Government, including the debt rescheduled in 2005. Due to our high level of exposure, any failure by the National Government to comply with its duties according to the terms thereof would have a substantial adverse effect on our equity situation.
 
As of December 31, 2008, the holdings of BBVA Banco Francés and its subsidiaries in debt from the public sector totalized approximately Ps.7,270.0 billion, which consists mainly of: (i) Rescheduled Foreign and Domestic Debt: Ps.2,400.5 billion in guaranteed loans, Ps.282.7 billion in guaranteed bonds; Ps.369.7 million in bonds denominated in pesos and Ps.57.5 million in bonds denominated in dollars; and (ii) Post-default foreign debt: Ps.231.6 million in bonds denominated in pesos; Ps.390.3 million in bonds denominated in dollars; 3.9 million in other bonds; and Ps.3,533.8 billion in Bills and Notes of the Central Bank. During 2008, BBVA Banco Francés increased its holdings in short-term bills and notes of the BCRA.
 
Although BBVA Banco Francés and its subsidiaries significantly reduced their exposure to the public sector during 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2008, BBVA Banco Francés continues to have a significant bonds and loans portfolio from the Government. Due to its high level of exposure, a new Government default in respect of a substantial part of its debt would have a substantial adverse effect over our asset situation.
 
 The asymmetric conversion of foreign currency assets and liabilities into pesos has created a structural mismatch of terms and rates of assets and liabilities that materially and adversely affected the Bank’s results of operations during the past severe economic crisis. BBVA Banco Francés has a high level of exposure to the risks associated with this mismatch, which may have an adverse effect on the Bank’s future profitability in the event real interest rates significantly increase from the current levels.
 
BBVA Banco Francés is among the Argentine private banks with greater volumes of assets and liabilities having different terms and interest rates derived from the asymmetric assets and liability conversion into pesos. During fiscal year 2005, the Bank paid in its entirety any discounts received from the Central Bank with the proceeds of selling public securities and loans with a term of duration greater than those applicable to liabilities, thus reducing the period’s mismatch. Also, since the beginning of the crisis, the following factors have reduced our exposure: (i) the sale of bonds adjusted by CER from government bonds and to the Argentine provinces of our portfolio; and (ii) subscription of bonds necessary to hand over to depositors who have accepted the Government’s swap option, with assets adjusted by CER and accounted for in the Bank’s accounting books. In spite of these reductions in exposure, the Bank holds a long position in CER for Ps.1,909.4 billion as of December 31, 2008. A swap of National Government Guaranteed Loans for new debt instruments issued by the National Government (Bonar 2014) with 5-year maturity took place in January 2009. For BBVA Banco Francés and its subsidiaries the swap was made by a reference value of Ps.1,414.0 million reducing the CER long position. Pursuant to the BCRA regulations, there will not be an initial impact in the valuation of the assets received.
 
During fiscal years 2005, 2006 and 2007 the remaining mismatch positively affected the results of the Bank’s transactions, within a context of negative actual interest rates. During fiscal year 2008, the long position in CER negatively affected the results of the Bank's operations in a context of positive interest rates. However, nothing can be asserted in relation to the future relative behavior of interest rates regarding consumer price index. If actual interest rates increase in a significant manner, such increase may have an adverse substantial effect on our future profitability.
 
BBVA Banco Francés has made payments related to currency exchange rate differences in the refunding of deposits as ordered by the courts, for which the Bank had not been compensated. Such payments have had a material and adverse effect and may continue to have an adverse effect on the liquidity and the solvency of the Bank.
 
BBVA Banco Francés continued to be made part of Lawsuits (“amparos”). The Bank expects to present its defenses in line with the normative dictated by the Government.
 
The judgments of the Supreme Court mentioned previously have not reduced the number of court orders issued by the inferior courts in the different jurisdictions of the country where the trials are taking place.
 
During 2008, BBVA Banco Francés paid Ps.50.3 million, the exchange rate difference of deposit refunds, in compliance with court orders in lawsuits brought by the Bank’s customers.
 
 
 
BBVA Banco Francés has been served with notice of provisional remedies, issued mainly in proceedings against the pesification, that require deposits to be refunded in cash in amounts larger than those established by current law and regulations, or require the release of rescheduled deposits, or that declare the inapplicability of regulations issued by the Congress, the Federal Executive or the Central Bank. As of the date of this report, and after the Supreme Court’s resolution in the case “Massa, Juan Agustin vs. Poder Ejecutivo Nacional – Dto. 1570 y Otro s/ Amparo Ley 16,986”, the consequences of the resolutions issued on such case are still not clear. Notwithstanding that, the Bank has estimated this contingency and has raised allowances for the total amounts (see Note 3.4.13 to the Consolidated Financial Statements). Consequently, the final outcome of these legal actions is still unknown. These legal actions have had a material adverse effect and may continue to have an adverse effect on the results and the financial condition of BBVA Banco Francés.
 
Argentine corporate disclosure, governance and accounting standards may require the Bank to provide different information than would be required under U.S. standards.
 
The securities laws of Argentina that govern publicly listed companies such as the Bank impose disclosure requirements that are more limited than those in the United States in important respects. The Argentine securities markets are not as highly regulated and supervised as the U.S. securities markets. There are also important differences between accounting and financial reporting standards applicable to financial institutions in Argentina and to those in the U.S. As a result, financial statements and reported earnings of Argentine financial institutions generally differ from those reported based on U.S. accounting and reporting standards. See “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—U.S. and Argentine Banking GAAP Reconciliation” for a description of the principal differences between Argentine banking GAAP and U.S. GAAP and how they affect our financial statements and the reconciliation to U.S. GAAP of net income and total stockholders’ equity for the periods ended and as of the dates therein indicated.
 
Lawsuits brought against us outside Argentina, the enforcement of foreign judgments and complaints based on foreign legal concepts may be unsuccessful.
 
We are a commercial bank organized under the laws of Argentina. Most of our shareholders, directors, members of the supervisory committee, and officers and certain experts named herein reside outside the United States (principally in Argentina). Substantially all of our assets are located outside the United States. If any shareholder were to bring a lawsuit against our directors, officers or experts in the United States, it may be difficult for them to effect service of legal process within the United States upon these persons or to enforce against them, in the United States courts, judgments obtained in the United States based upon the civil liability provisions of the federal securities laws of the United States.
 
Under Argentine law, enforcement of foreign judgments is recognized provided that the requirements of Articles 517 through 519 of the Federal Code of Civil and Commercial Procedure are complied with. Among other requirements, the foreign judgment must not violate the principles of public policy of Argentine law, as determined by an Argentine court. In addition, there is doubt as to whether an action could be brought successfully in Argentina on the basis of liability based solely upon the civil liability provisions of the United States federal securities laws.
 
Because we are a financial institution, any insolvency proceeding against us would be subject to the powers of and intervention by the Central Bank, which may limit remedies otherwise available and extend the duration of the proceedings.
 
Under Argentine law, the liquidation and commencement of bankruptcy proceedings against financial institutions, until their banking license has been revoked by the Central Bank, may only be commenced by the Central Bank. If BBVA Banco Francés were unable to pay its debts as they come due, the Central Bank would intervene and revoke its banking license, and file a bankruptcy petition before a commercial court. If the Central Bank intervenes, the reorganization proceeding could take longer and it is likely that the shareholders’ remedies would be restricted. During any such process, the Central Bank would have to consider its interests as a regulator and could well prioritize the claims of other creditors and third parties against the Bank. As a result of any such intervention, the shareholders may realize substantially less on the claims than they would in a bankruptcy proceeding in Argentina, the United States or any other country.
 
The special rules that govern the priority of different stakeholders of financial institutions in Argentina, which give priority to depositors with respect to most other creditors, may negatively affect other stakeholders in case of judicial liquidation or bankruptcy of the Bank.
 
Argentine Law No. 24,485, in force since April 18, 1995 and as amended by Law No. 25,089, provides that in case of judicial liquidation or bankruptcy of the Bank, all depositors, irrespective of the type, amount or currency of their deposits, will have general and absolute preferential rights with respect to all other creditors, except for certain labor credits and credits secured with pledge or mortgage, to be paid with 100% of the funds deriving from the liquidation of the Bank’s assets. In addition, depositors of any kind of
 
 
 
deposits have special preferential rights over the remaining creditors of the Bank, except for certain labor credits, to be paid with (i) any of the Bank’s funds which may be held by the Central Bank as total reserves, (ii) any remaining funds of the Bank in existence as of the date on which the Bank’s license is revoked, or (iii) any funds derived from the compulsory transfer of certain assets of the Bank according to instructions of the Central Bank, in the following order of priority: (a) deposits made by legal entities up to Ps.5,000 per entity, or its equivalent in foreign currency, (b) deposits for terms exceeding 90 days, and (c) all other deposits on a pro rata basis.
 
Factors Related to BBVA Banco Francés Subsidiaries
 
§
Consolidar AFJP S.A.
 
Consolidar AFPJ S.A. is a privately owned pension funds managing company having as its purpose the administration of retirement contributions from affiliates and the corresponding grant of old age pension, disability pension and death pension.  On December 4, 2008, the National Government enacted Law No. 26,425 to implement a deep social security reform, by which the National State assumed once again the coverage of contingencies in cases of old age, disability and death.
 
Currently, Consolidar’s board of directors has undertaken the actions it has deemed necessary to accommodate its structure to the new regulatory framework.  Consolidar AFPJ S.A. has prepared its financial statements for the year ending on December 31, 2008 on the basis of having to re-examine the continuation of its asset management activities.  As of the date of this report, Consolidar AFPJ S.A. is not aware of any contingencies or claims relating to former affiliates.  Notwithstanding, certain matters deriving from Law 26425 remain pending, such as an indemnity in favor of Consolidar AFPJ S.A. arising from its loss of its corporate business purpose.  While it is reasonable to expect such indemnity, at this time its magnitude and whether or not a formal administrative or judicial proceedings will have to be undertaken is not known.  It is also not possible at this time to estimate what consequences may ensue if former affiliates establish claims against Consolidar AFPJ S.A.  The exact effects of either of the unknowns described above are impossible to predict, but it is reasonable to anticipate that neither would have material adverse effects in the results of BBVA Banco Francés.
 
§
Consolidar Compañía de Seguros de Vida S.A.
 
Consolidar Compañía de Seguros de Vida S.A. provides coverage for risks of disability and death of workers joining private pension funds administrators, granting the necessary supplement capital to determine the pension to be granted to those who request a disability pension or to pensions beneficiaries as a consequence of workers death.
 
As a consequence of the amendment of Law No. 26,222, this subsidiary has ceased subscribing the pension fund related coverage. Additionally, this subsidiary has sold the group life portfolio to BBVA Consolidar Seguros S.A. in September 2008 and is in the process of merging with Consolidar Compañía de Seguros de Retiro S.A. The merger was approved by the National Insurances Superintendency in January 2009. Its registration before the Office of Corporations is still pending.
 
§
Consolidar Compañía de Seguros de Retiro S.A.
 
Consolidar Compañía de Seguros de Retiro S.A. enters into individual pension agreements, group agreements and life annuity agreements. Within the scope of the judicial system, the National Supreme Court has rendered judgment in a case where the dollarization of a social security life annuity was claimed; it’s been resolved by a split ruling having the minimum required majority that the claim should be sustained as social security benefits.
 
The judgments rendered by the National Supreme Court are applicable exclusively to those individual cases it resolves. In this sense, it is pertinent to point out that Consolidar Compañía de Seguros de Retiro has received various claims arising from the required government pesification for all contracts providing for foreign currency and it is possible that these claims will be resolved in a manner adverse to the subsidiary which however would not be reasonable expected to result in a material adverse effect in the financial results of BBV Banco Francés.
 
As mentioned above, Compañía de Seguros de Vida S.A. is in the process of merging and being absorbed by Compañía de Seguros de Retiro S.A. This merger will result in an important capital increase for this subsidiary and it will become one of the most solvent entities in the market.
 
 
ITEM 4. INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY

RECENT POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS IN ARGENTINA

Macroeconomic Setting

The economic activity in Argentina was affected in 2008 by several national and international events that resulted in a slowdown of the growth rate. During the first half of the year, confrontations of the National Government with the agriculture and livestock sector due to the introduction of escalating export duties on grain led to a rise of the country risk level and to a fall in confidence levels. The impact of this phenomenon was partly cushioned by the large increase in the terms of trade during that period. During the first semester of 2008, GDP grew 7.8% in year-on-year terms, which implied a slowdown of only one percentage point compared to the same period of the previous year. However, during the second semester, the decline in global demand started to have an impact on the economy, the first sign of which was a fall of approximately 40% in agricultural raw material prices. The worsening of the international financial crisis and the reform of the social security system in Argentina increased risk aversion and the demand for dollarized assets, which resulted in a GDP slowdown during the fourth quarter. In this context, after five years of expansion rates of more than 8.5% the rate of economy grew by 7% in 2008.
 
Unemployment had a slight decline in 2008, mainly due to a reduction in labor force participation since there was a certain stagnation in the creation of new jobs. Average unemployment was 0.6 percentage points lower than in 2007. In line with agreements between major worker unions and the Government, formal private sector wages continued to improve during the year, growing 18.1%. The same as in 2007, wages paid by the informal and public sectors increased more than the wages of formal private employees. Consequently, the average wage levels increased overall by more than 22.4%.
 
Tax collections grew above nominal GDP at 34.8%, boosted by VAT, income tax, payroll taxes, and, in particular, export duties. The remarkable rise in prices of crude oil, grain and oil seeds in international markets increased revenues from export taxes by 76% in 2008. Public expenditures, in turn, slowed down with regard to the previous year, though still growing at a rate of 35%. Subsidies (mainly granted to the energy and transport sectors) were an instrumental boost factor due to an increase in oil prices. Conversely, capital expenditures increased only by 18.5%, practically half the rate of 2007. Public accounts benefited from pension fund reform as personal contributions from workers previously affiliated to Private Pension Funds were transferred to the pay-as-you go state-owned system in December. Primary surplus reached Ps.32.529 million, which represents 3.15% of GDP.
 
The CPI of the Buenos Aires Metropolitan Area increased by 7.2% in 2008, with the service sector prices showing the highest growth rate during the year (especially private education). Core inflation led the price increase while seasonal products had a negative impact on inflation.
 
The Argentine terms of trade increased by 12.9% on average during 2008, due to an increase in international prices of raw materials. In spite of the conflict with the farming sector that affected export volumes of primary products and agricultural manufactured products, exports increased by 26.5% as a result of the high prices of these exported products during most of the year. On the other hand, imports grew by 28.4%, at the same rate as the previous year. During the last quarter, both exports and imports slowed down sharply as a consequence of the international crisis. Nevertheless, the balance of trade rose 19% with respect to 2007, closing with a trade surplus of U.S.$13,175 million.
 
Trade surplus did not contribute to the accrual of international reserves as in previous years, because domestic and international shocks had a negative impact on confidence, causing capital outflow from the private sector. Due to growing demand for foreign currency, for the first time in the last five years, the Central Bank became a net seller of dollars on the exchange market in order to stabilize currency depreciation expectations.
 
Higher portfolio dollarization during May and October resulted in higher volatility in the exchange rate as compared to previous years. In the last quarter of the year, the worsening of the international crisis caused severe currency depreciations of Argentina’s main trading partners, such as Brazil, Chile and Europe, and boosted the devaluation of the Argentine peso, which had fallen below the beginning of the year rate in July and August. In this framework, the exchange rate (BCRA reference) finally increased by 9% in 2008, closing at an average rate of 3.42 pesos to the dollar in December 2008 (3.4537 $/U.S.$ on the last day of the year).
 
Monetary Policy

The first quarter of 2008 continued with the process of international reserves accumulation, low interest rates and solid deposit growth. The confrontation of the National Government with the agricultural sector, which had begun at the end of that first quarter, gave rise to a period of greater uncertainty. This situation worsened towards the last quarter when the international financial crisis began to impact local markets and monetary policy became more restrictive. The Central Bank compensated the lack of monetization from the external sector, by only partially renewing the bills and notes (Lebac and Nobac) maturing during the period. During 2008, the monetary expansion through Central Bank bills and notes amounted to Ps.19,193 million. With this less expansionary policy, the Monetary Base increased by 10.5% during the year and M2 rose by 18.9%, close to the intermediate target bands of the monetary program.
 
 
 
International stock reserves ended the 2008 fiscal year at U.S.$46,386 million level, U.S.$209 million above last year. Unlike previous years, the Central Bank became in 2008 a net seller of reserves as a result of capital outflows. Intervention in the exchange market was negative at U.S.$- 1.018 million.
 
The Badlar interest rate of private banks displayed high volatility during the year, reflecting variations in bank liquidity and the country risk premium. The Badlar rate decreased to its 8% minimum during the first quarter of the year, but a variety of domestic and international shocks caused rates to rise reaching an average of 19.1% in December.
 
The macroeconomic environment affected the expansion of loans to the private sector which grew only by 22.9%, vis-à-vis a 40.9% growth in 2007. The loans segments most affected by the slow down in credit growth were overdrafts and discounted documents, while credit lines for individuals (Consumer Loans and Credit Cards) increased by above average rates at 30%. Private sector deposits grew by 7.9% in 2008, reflecting lower market liquidity. Total deposits on the other hand grew by 14.5% due to a better performance of public sector deposits.
 
HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE COMPANY

BBVA Banco Francés, an Argentine corporation (a “sociedad anónima” or “S.A.”), was duly incorporated under the name Banco Francés del Río de la Plata S.A. on October 14, 1886. We have our registered office in Argentina, Reconquista 199, C1003ABB, Buenos Aires, telephone number 54-11-4346-4000. Our agent in the United States for U.S. federal securities law purposes is CT Corporation System, currently with offices at 111 Eighth Avenue, New York, New York 10011.
 
Our original by-laws (“Estatutos”) were approved on November 20, 1886, by a decree recorded in the Public Registry of Commerce of Buenos Aires City on December 6, 1886, under Number 1065 on Folio 359, Book 5, Volume “A” of National By-laws. Our by-laws, including all amendments introduced to this date, were recorded in the Public Registry of Commerce (the Governmental regulatory agency of corporations). The last amendment was recorded on December 19, 2005, under N° 16.335 Book 30 of Corporations (sociedades anónimas). Pursuant to current corporate by-laws, the Bank will terminate its activities on December 31, 2080, unless this term is extended by the shareholders. At the ordinary and extraordinary shareholders’ meeting held on April 27, 2000, a resolution was passed to change our name to BBVA Banco Francés S.A. On October 4, 2000, the Public Registry of Commerce registered the change from “Banco Francés S.A.” to our new name, and the amendment to our by-laws that reflected the name change.
 
The Bank is supervised by the Central Bank of Argentina, an entity that establishes valuation and accounting criteria, the rules on liquidity and capital requirements as well as the informative systems of Argentine financial institutions. The Bank is also subject to inspections by the Central Bank, on which basis a “rating” is assigned to the Bank. See “Information on the Company—The Argentine Banking System and its Regulatory Framework”.
 
On August 11, 1997, we acquired 71.75% of the capital stock of Banco de Crédito Argentino S.A. (“Banco de Crédito”) for the purchase price of Ps.401.8 million. The difference between the amount paid and the net equity value acquired of approximately Ps.203 million was booked as goodwill, the majority of which was subsequently reversed against shares issuance premium. We completed this merger of the two banks by final registration with the Public Registry of Commerce, on March 5, 1998. To effect the merger, BBVA Banco Francés issued 14,174,432 ordinary shares to the existing shareholders of Banco de Crédito through a capital increase. Each Banco de Crédito shareholder received one ordinary share for each 3.926 Banco de Crédito shares held.
 
As a result of the acquisition of Banco de Crédito, we gained control of Consolidar Compañía de Seguros de Retiro S.A., Consolidar Compañía de Seguros de Vida S.A. and Consolidar Administradora de Fondos de Jubilaciones y Pensiones S.A. (“Consolidar AFJP”) (together the “Consolidar entities” or the “Consolidar Group”), and also acquired control of Crédito Argentino Sociedad de Bolsa S.A. which was liquidated in 2000.
 
On November 5, 1999, BBVA Banco Francés S.A. and Banco Bilbao Vizcaya (today Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria S.A. or “BBVA”), executed a share purchase agreement, pursuant to which BBVA Banco Francés acquired 99.99% of the shares of Corp Banca S.A., an Argentine bank, for the amount of Ps.51.9 million, and 99.99% of Atuel Fideicomisos S.A., a trust company, for the amount of Ps.79,000. The difference between the purchase price of the transactions and the incorporation value of both companies was charged to goodwill under the “Intangible Assets” account for an amount of Ps.24.5 million. In addition, after the transfer of assets and liabilities, we added to the goodwill value additional charges amounting to Ps.5.7 million related to a decrease in the assets incorporated, as resulted from the more precise assessment made after the acquisition, employee termination payments to Corp Banca S.A. personnel within the organizational restructuring process initiated before the acquisition and other expenses incurred in the acquisition process. On November 22, 1999, as part of a corporate reorganization, all assets and liabilities of Corp Banca S.A. were transferred to BBVA Banco Francés, with full integration of operations and systems.
 
 
 
On May 20, 1999, the Central Bank approved the creation of Credilogros Compañía Financiera S.A. (“Credilogros”), which was registered with the Public Registry of Commerce on June 24, 1999. On November 10, 1999, BBVA Banco Francés and Credilogros executed a contract for the sale of certain assets and liabilities of BBVA Banco Francés. Such assets and liabilities were transferred to Credilogros pursuant to the agreement on August 2, 1999. On December 28, 1999, BBVA Banco Francés and Finanzia Banco de Crédito S.A. (“Finanzia”) executed a purchase agreement, pursuant to which BBVA Banco Francés transferred to Finanzia the rights and exclusive property rights to the brands used by Credilogros for the development of its business for a purchase price of Ps.9.6 million. In October 2000, Finanzia sold exclusive property rights to the brands used by Credilogros to Credilogros at a total price of Ps.9.6 million.
 
In June 1, 2002 Finanzia Banco de Crédito S.A. sold 29.95% of its interest in Credilogros to BBVA for 23,782,680 Euros. Such transaction was approved by the Central Bank on April 3, 2003, under Resolution No. 37.
 
On March 29, 2000 our affiliate Rombo Compañía Financiera S.A. (“Rombo Compañía Financiera”) was registered with the Public Registry of Commerce. On April 24, 2000 the Central Bank authorized Rombo Compañía Financiera to conduct business as a finance company by Communication “B” 6684.
 
On October 17, 2000, as part of BBVA group’s business reorganization plan started after the merger of BBVA, Banco Exterior de América S.A. (Uruguay) (wholly owned by BBVA) merged with and into Banco Francés Uruguay S.A. (wholly owned by us). As a result of such merger, Banco Francés Uruguay has changed its corporate name to Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria Uruguay S.A., or BBVA Banco Uruguay (“BBVA Uruguay”).
 
In May 2002 BBVA Banco Francés sold its 60.88% interest in BBVA Uruguay to BBVA for the amount of U.S.$55 million. This transaction was approved by the Central Bank of Uruguay.
 
In November 2001, Credilogros and Banque PSA Finance formed PSA Finance Argentina Cía. Financiera S.A. (“PSA Finance”), in which Credilogros held a 50% interest. On February 21, 2002, the Central Bank authorized PSA Finance to begin its activities as a finance company through Communication “B” 7134. PSA Finance, which has a single office located in Buenos Aires, is in the business of granting loans in the retail market for the acquisition of new and used cars offered by the Peugeot Argentina S.A. dealership network. Rather than funding itself with deposits, term investments or corporate bonds, PSA Finance obtains financing through loans granted by the Bank and other domestic financial institutions. On October 31, 2003, subject to the approval of the Central Bank, BBVA Banco Francés acquired 50% of the shares of PSA Finance from Credilogros for Ps.11.9 million and Credilogros applied the proceeds to repay a loan from BBVA Banco Francés for a total of Ps.11.7 million plus interest. On December 16, 2004, the Central Bank issued Resolution No. 371, approving the transfer of 50% of PSA Finance capital stock to BBVA Banco Francés.
 
Banco Francés (Cayman) Ltd., was as of December 31, 2003, a wholly - owned subsidiary formed in 1998. As of December 31, 2003, this subsidiary, with total assets of U.S.$950.8 million, registered a gain of U.S.$121.6 million. Within the framework of the regularization and reorganization plan filed by the Bank with the BCRA, and Resolution No. 52/04 of the Superintendence of Financial and Exchange Institutions, dated March 17, 2004, on March 18, 2004, the Bank sold to BBVA S.A. its 100% interest in Banco Francés (Cayman) Limited. The sale price amounted to U.S.$238.5 million, and it was collected through Federal Government secured loans previously purchased by BBVA S.A. from Banco Francés (Cayman) Limited. BBVA Banco Francés has recorded such secured loans in conformity with Communication “A” 3911 and supplementary regulations. The negative result of the transaction was recorded as follows: Ps.200 million of the negative result from the transaction was absorbed and charged to the account “Unrealized valuation difference” under stockholders’ equity, as authorized by Resolution No. 52/04 of the Superintendence of Financial and Exchange Institutions, and Ps.11 million was charged to income (loss) for the year ended December 31, 2004.
 
On February 3, 2004, the Bank made an irrevocable contribution of capital in its subsidiary Atuel Fideicomisos S.A. for Ps.13.0 million. Also, on February 4, 2004, the Bank acquired 5% of the capital stock of Francés Administradora de Inversiones S.A. from Banco Francés (Cayman) Limited for Ps.580,000 while the remaining 95% was acquired by Atuel Fideicomisos S.A.
 
On March 9, 2005, BBVA Banco Francés agreed to sell all of its 69.52% shareholding in Credilogros Compañía Financiera S.A. to Banco de Servicios y Transacciones and Grupo de Servicios y Transacciones S.A. On June 28, 2006, by Resolution No. 146 the BCRA approved the transaction. The transfer of Credilogros Cía. Financiera S.A.’s capital stock took effect on July 11, 2006.
 
BUSINESS OVERVIEW

BBVA Banco Francés ended its fiscal year 2008 with Ps.25.8 billion in total assets, a total of Ps.17.1 billion in deposits, on a consolidated basis, and a market capitalization of Ps.1.8 billion. It is the third largest bank in terms of loans and in terms of deposits in
 
 
 
 
the Argentine financial system according to statistics published by the Central Bank (Information of Financial Institutions, as of December 2008).
 
We were one of the first companies listed on the Buenos Aires Stock Exchange. Our shares have been listed in the New York Stock Exchange since 1993, and in the LATIBEX (“Mercado de Valores Latinoamericanos”), based in Madrid since December 1999.
 
Substantially, all of our operations, property and customers are located in Argentina. Accordingly, following the 2002 crisis and the package of government measures, our financial condition and results of operations were deeply affected. Since December 2001, our business activity contracted compared to historical levels and our lack of liquidity led to a suspension of most new originations of all types of loans. Our structural strengths, our reaction capacity, and our adjustment to the new economic environment were the pillars of our performance in 2002. We responded to the deepening of the crisis by prioritizing liquidity, substituting foreign currency funds by domestic currency funds and satisfying the growing demand for transactional business, while adjusting the operating structure to the new business profile.
 
Commencing on 2003, the economy recovered and deposits flowed back into the system. Economic growth showed no slowdown during the following years, while primary fiscal and trade surplus remained in place and a conservative monetary policy was implemented with measures tending to keep prices and exchange rates stable. These conditions led to a further GDP expansion, during 2007, while the financial system continued to show a positive evolution, which was reflected on private deposit growth, an improvement of bank’s financial condition and the strengthening of lending activity within an environment of negative real interest rates that helped to improve the financial margin.
 
During 2008, the international financial crisis and some domestic factors resulted in a slowdown in growth already experienced in the brokering business. In this sense, it is worth noting that BBVA Banco Francés has managed to adapt to new market conditions by redefining its strategy with the firm purpose of weathering this crisis and end up strengthened. During this year, BBVA Banco Francés increased its loan portfolios to the private sector by 10%. The retail sector had an outstanding performance growing by 44%, mainly through personal and secured loans, apart from credit cards. The corporate banking portfolio and Small and Medium Enterprises (“SMEs”) portfolios remained stable due to the strategic decision of allocating liquidity to the consumer segment. Private loans have a 6.9% share in the market. In addition, this efficient liquidity management allowed to increase the Bank’s private spread, making up for the decline in portfolio volume growth.
 
As part of our business, we conduct capital markets and securities operations directly in the over-the-counter market and indirectly in the Buenos Aires Stock Exchange. The emerging recovery of the securities trading activities supported the successful closing of securities transactions. According to statistics published by the Argentine Mutual Funds Association, as of December 31, 2008, we had a 5.3% market share in the mutual fund portfolio management industry in Argentina through “Francés Administradora de Inversiones S.A.”.
 
Furthermore, we have traditionally accepted deposits and made loans in pesos and in certain other currencies, primarily in U.S. dollars. Following the 2002 crisis, U.S. dollar deposits were limited to granting U.S. dollar-denominated loans in relation to foreign trade transactions, which continued to be subject to Central Bank restrictions in 2008. As of December 31, 2008 approximately 14.43% of our loans and 20.33% of our deposits were denominated in U.S. dollars.
 
The following table presents financial information of our principal business segments for the year ended December 31, 2008.
 
   
As of December 31, 2008
(in thousands of pesos)
 
   
Banking and
Financial
   
Pension Fund
Management
   
Insurance
   
Eliminations (1)
   
Total
 
Total assets
    22,853,247       285,011       2,872,885       (185,678 )     25,825,465  
Total income (2)
    3,415,777       249,936       681,916       (104,657 )     4,242,972  
Total expenses (3)
    (3,086,872 )     (286,537 )     (655,511 )     104,657       (3,924,263 )
Loss on minority interest in subsidiaries
    (5,203 )     16,876       (8,872 )           2,801  
Total net income
    323,702       (19,725 )     17,533             321,510  
 

 
(1)
Includes intercompany operations.
 
(2)
Includes: financial income, service charge income and other income.
 
(3)
Includes: financial expenses, provision for loan losses, service charge expenses, operating expenses, other expenses and income tax and tax on minimum presumed income.
 
Our branch system operates as a distribution network for all the products and services that we offer to our customers. Our 237 branches are complemented by other distribution channels, such as 639 automatic teller machines or ATMs, as of December 2008, a
 
 
 
telephone banking service and an Internet banking service called Francés Net, which serves over 300,000 active clients. We are a member of Banelco S.A., a corporation owned by seven partner banks, and that includes 16 participating banks, and our ATMs are part of the Banelco Network (Red Banelco – “Banelco”). The customers of all the participating banks have access to the Banelco Network, which comprises over 4,341 ATMs throughout Argentina, approximately 15% of which belong to BBVA Banco Francés.
 
BBVA Banco Francés – Background
 
Since 1886, BBVA Banco Francés, previously known as Banco Francés del Río de la Plata S.A., has been recognized as a leading provider of financial services to large corporations. It was only in the early 1980s that we broadened our customer base to include medium and small companies as well as individual customers. In response to demands from the corporate market and following the structural changes brought about by the stabilization process in Argentina since 1991, we added to our traditional commercial banking products a full range of services, such as investment banking, capital market transactions and international banking.
 
In the 1980s and 1990s in order to achieve a wider market penetration, we expanded our branch network by opening branches throughout Argentina.
 
In December 1996, when BBVA became our principal shareholder, we reaffirmed our universal banking strategy, with the goal of increasing the most profitable business segments: medium- and low-income individuals and small and medium-size businesses in the middle market. To this end, in August 1997, we acquired 71.752% of Banco de Crédito Argentino (the “Crédito acquisition”), a retail bank focused on the middle market and consumer banking sectors. This merger allowed us to maximize the strengths of each bank and to implement an ambitious leadership plan that included an expansion plan - starting with a strong initial positioning in each market.
 
The liquidity crisis that started in December 2001 and the ensuing economic and political instability led to a deep contraction in the intermediation volume. In response, we changed our short-term commercial strategy towards the transactional business, adjusted our operating structure and implemented a strict cost control plan. Actions were also focused on recovering asset quality levels, which had been strongly impacted by the crisis. By mid-2003 the economy began to recover and we returned to offering the full range of financial services, including credit facilities, albeit restricted to short-term financing. Commencing on 2004, we gradually strengthened our credit activity in the midst of economic solvency, and consolidated our transactional business. During fiscal year 2008, we kept our focus on the core business growing in private sector loans, while increasing our market share in retail funds and reinforcing our positioning in the transactional business. BBVA Banco Francés has followed a conservative policy, which allows it to continue being a leading Bank in terms of assumed risk, with a portfolio quality indicator of 0.97% and a risk coverage level of 177%. In the last part of the year 2008, the worsening of the international financial crisis, together with reforms in the Argentine pension system (private pension funds formerly managed by Retirement and Pension Fund Administrators (AFJP) were transferred to a Government-only management) caused a slowdown in the economic activity and an increase in country risk. Valuations of Argentine Government securities were affected and, as a consequence of this, BBVA Banco Francés decided to reassess its public assets portfolio and review its accrual policy.
 
Banking and Financial Services

Our financial condition and results of operations for the fiscal year 2007 were still impacted by the effects of the 2002 crisis. Following the strong contraction in financial activity and the redefinition of our commercial strategy toward the transactional business, as an alternative source of income since the second semester of 2003, we resumed our lending activity. The Bank is focused on the brokering business, mainly in the private sector. Total loan portfolio in this sector totaled Ps.9,784.8 million. Retail portfolio was heading the growth, especially due to an increase in personal and pledge loans, and also credit cards. On the other hand, SMEs and corporate banking area volumes remained stable, in line with the strategy to allocate liquidity to the consumer segment. The private loan market share reached a 6.9% level at the close of the year. In terms of liabilities, during 2008, there were several factors affecting deposits, mostly those of the retail segment, because an uncertain environment caused a drop in demand for Argentine Pesos in favor of the American dollar. Despite this scenario, total deposits were Ps.17,281.6 million, up 14.6% in the last twelve months. Total market share on December 31 was 7.1%; private deposit market share was 9.3%.As of December 31, demand deposit participation in Bank funds was 55%, which allowed to kept fund costs low, reducing the impact of interest rate increases. This structure was mainly achieved due to the application of a strategy that tends to gather “transactional deposits.”
 
In addition, the structural term and rate mismatch in assets and liabilities, caused by measures taken by the Government during 2002 and 2003, made our profitability strongly dependent on the relative behavior of the CPI vis-à-vis interest rates, because we have a long CER adjusted position. Although such long CER adjusted position has been reduced through the sale of Public sector assets, a significant part of the Bank’s risk assets are still variable rate assets, adjusted by CER plus an interest rate, while most liabilities
 
 
 
 
accrue interest at a fixed rate except for a Ps.102 million remaining portfolio of rescheduled deposits, known as CEDROS and new CPI adjusted time deposits, totaling Ps.15 million as of December 31, 2008.
 
The following table sets forth our estimates of the relative proportions of loans and deposits attributable to our principal markets.
 
   
Loans
 
   
December 31, 2008
   
December 31, 2007
   
December 31, 2006
 
   
(in thousands of pesos, except percentages)
 
Public Sector
    2,400,511       19.19 %     2,367,869       20.79 %     2,887,276       30.29 %
Corporate
    3,098,435       24.78 %     3,539,981       31.08 %     3,309,501       34.71 %
Middle market
    2,203,132       17.61 %     2,200,014       19.31 %     1,488,459       15.61 %
Retail
    4,805,411       38.42 %     3,282,257       28.82 %     1,848,947       19.39 %
Total
    12,507,489       100.00 %     11,390,121       100.00 %     9,534,183       100.00 %


   
Deposits
 
   
December 31, 2008
   
December 31, 2007
   
December 31, 2006
 
   
(in thousands of pesos, except percentages)
 
Corporate
    3,988,997       23.36 %     2,590,735       17.26 %     2,216,764       17.73 %
Middle market
    1,854,884       10.86 %     1,562,718       10.41 %     1,502,736       12.01 %
Retail
    11,235,322       65.78 %     10,856,305       72.33 %     8,786,256       70.26 %
Total
    17,079,203       100.00 %     15,009,758       100.00 %     12,505,756       100.00 %

Corporate Banking. The Corporate Banking Division specializes in business with large international and domestic companies with annual sales over Ps.75 million or companies that belong to an international group. This division has three branches dedicated to providing services to groups of companies from Europe, the United States and the rest of the world, and companies based in Argentina.
 
During 2008, the slowdown of the Argentine economy derived in the maintenance of managed investments, following a strategic decision of allocating funding excess to retail business area in the first place and then, to small and medium sized companies, while business management was oriented mainly to capturing low cost funds.
 
Commissions developed favorably during 2008 as a consequence of strong transactional services. Business is currently focused on a state-of-the-art electronic banking plan developed by our global team, taking into account local needs. It will be implemented during 2009. Similarly, new international payment tools are being developed in-house at group level. Both applications streamline the increase of global customer product offer with local branches and local customers with businesses abroad. A clear example is FRP (international bids with emphasis in Latin America); in this way, a unique response will be achieved for the entire corporate segment.
 
Regarding customer care, the first collection group, a special collection point for companies, was implemented in 2008 and it will continue to grow in 2009 in different areas of Argentina.
 
The strategy carried out was reflected in the financial margin growth due to low cost fund capture, as well as in ordinary margins, which reflected commissions charged.
 
Capital Markets. Argentine capital markets were less active at the beginning of 2008, showing sharp decrease in new placements and a slow down in exchanges. These placements exceeded U.S.$3,200 million in 2007, but did not reach U.S.$500 million in 2008. However, a major potential for local market development was projected taking into consideration the limitations imposed on companies to get international financing. The placement of Loma de la Lata Corporate Notes was concluded successfully for U.S.$178 million, exclusively geared to the local market and mainly to institutional investors, such as the Pension Fund Managers.
 
Some of the most important companies in the country also announced Corporate Note offerings orientated to the local market. However, the deepening of the financial crisis towards the middle of the year hindered this possibility, especially as regards the equity market. This was worsened by the vanishing of the main local institutional investors due to pension funds transfers to the pay-as-you-go scheme.
 
A similar volume decrease was experienced by the syndicated loan market. This year, the Petersen Group has been involved in financing of part of the YPF purchase, which represented more than 50% of the U.S.$1,700 million loans granted.
 
 
 
In 2008, the Investment Banking focused mainly on local financing, keeping its share in the Mergers and Acquisition business. However, the Mergers and Acquisitions business was adversely impacted by the general situation of the local market and especially, by the international financial crisis.
 
Trading and Brokerage. As of December 31, 2008, we routinely traded (on behalf of our customers and for our own account) corporate and Government bonds, money market instruments and foreign currency. During fiscal year 2008, we were one of the most important brokers in the bond market through the MAE (Mercado Abierto Electrónico, an over-the-counter market) and a medium broker in securities market through Francés Valores, an affiliate company registered in Mercado de Valores de Buenos Aires S.A. (MERVAL).
 
We typically earn both brokerage commissions and a spread on over-the-counter transactions, depending on the type of transaction involved. Our proprietary trading, as well as third party brokerage trading, is supported by research and analysis provided by our research department.
 
Middle Market Banking. The Middle Market Division handles our relations with small and medium-sized companies, i.e., those with annual sales of up to Ps.75 million. The Bank has the first network in Argentina specialized in serving the small and medium-sized company segment.
 
Middle Market Banking has developed a very good portfolio management and transactional products placement during a year when the economic activity was not all that favorable. Loan and deposit volumes remained at similar levels compared with 2007, with a qualitative improvement in loans and a funding mix where demand accounts represented about 70% of total deposits as compared with 61% of the previous year. At the same time, an active financing margin management continued stable throughout the year. Default ratio continued at low values, without exceeding 0.45%.
 
Transactional products are still the Bank’s priority. In that sense, both commercial cards and electronic banking placements have developed greatly, increasing 117% and 97%, respectively, according to product stock up to December 2008. Total commissions charged had a favorable increase, exceeding Ps.100 million, which means an increase of 21% in the year.
 
Customer close relationship and specialized consultancy are two important bank cornerstones, consolidating a highly professional structure in 2008. The bank offers special services to some 13,000 customers in 180 branches in Argentina, 27 of which take care of companies. Corporate Regional Centers organized with foreign trade business specialists, agribusiness and transactional services have made it possible to offer expert consulting services to the main economic centers in Argentina.
 
The year 2009 introduces new challenges and a very competitive scenario. The bank believes to have an adequate structure, highly trained resources and a product and a services catalog, which cover all the current needs of this customer segment.
 
Retail Banking. The Commercial Banking Division is in charge of commercial relations with individuals and small companies. This division serves its customers through an extensive and well diversified distribution network, which offers 237 contact points including branches and different electronic media.
 
The year 2008 was a year of strategic reconsiderations that led us to increase the value proposal we provide to our customers, through the redefinition of our business model. As a result of this, we have been working on two clear action points:
 
 
§
A comprehensive and attractive commercial offering, by means of a more direct communication with our current customers allowing us to improve the bond with them and to capture new ones. We attained this by developing an efficient approach model through products which included not only funding, but also transactional solutions.
 
 
§
A new relationship model including both delivery and service based on three key restructuring components, namely: image, technology and closeness.
 
Our business model now has a clear vision of customers, in every stage of the interaction with them: alluring, selling, ensuring customer loyalty and maintenance of accounts.
 
A New Business Model: Products – Communication – Distribution – Service and Image

Having in mind the strategic objective, in 2008, we have devoted our analysis to the definition of the client segments we would like to focus on, the customers we would like to have, and the adaptation of our products and channels to assist them, both during and after sales, with the purpose of attaining an efficient assembly in the segment-product-channel chain.
 
 
 
A Comprehensive and Attractive Commercial Offering

With the main purpose of gaining a defined position among leading banks, as well as a competitive and sustainable position, various business actions were carried out during 2008 oriented to each of the client segments among which the Bank has focused its strategy: VIP customers, customers who have their salaries deposited at the Bank by their employers using payroll accounts, general portfolio and new customers with a credit background in the financial system.
 
Towards the end of 2008, the Bank was handling a trade volume of more than Ps.15,100 million, including investment funds. During the fiscal year, credit investment increased by 40%, reaching almost Ps.4,100 million, while customer resources grew by .87%, reaching a total business volume of Ps.11,000 million. With regard to Profits, Net Products Commissions accrued Ps.463 million this year, which is equivalent to 21% over 2007: Ps.81 million.
 
Retail Banking developed a business model with a clear vision, based on customers’ needs according to the segment they belong to, and the transfer of said needs to the products and services offered. A business strategy based on an action process that works on three complementary levels:
 
 
§
Comprehensive bond with customers: We made available to all customers a comprehensive product offer; with ongoing evaluation routines to update credit assistance and rewarded customers for their relationship with the bank.
 
 
§
Repositioning of Banco Francés Credit Card: supported by a promotional campaign in line with our customers consumer drivers and a more competitive credit allocation strategy.
 
 
§
Clear and direct communications: communication underwent an instrumental change thanks to direct marketing and advertisement, always trying to achieve customer identification and interests. Our advertising was "clear and direct" throughout the year, without losing sight of the identity construed so far.
 
A New Relationship Model: Distribution and Service

In 2008, in the framework of our relationship model redefinition, we began a comprehensive redesign deployment of our branches network. This phase of the program requires a Ps.70 million investment and builds a special space for customers that add to the identity of our BBVA Group. The idea is to standardize the image of all our branches and turn them into a special place that conveys professionalism, innovation, leadership and nearness.
 
In October 2008, we launched our new image with the new branches opened in Puerto Viamonte (in Puerto Madero, Buenos Aires) and General Pico (Province of La Pampa). In December, we remodeled three more branches, which make a total of five in 2008. And we intend to continue without our project during 2009. Our innovative products and services, together with a clear commitment with technology, a real commitment with customers, personalized and kind treatment and service, a good distribution and decoration of our branches should reflect our brand spirit, highly appreciated by our customers, and our interest in attracting new ones.
 
In addition, in 2008 we redefined other channels apart from the network of branches. Trade management centers targeted their efforts to payroll accounts customers, with the purpose of developing a portfolio beyond the first contact, while the telephone channel – Telemarketing – was in charge of customer relationship with the general portfolio and the placement of low complexity products in every segment.
 
Customer solutions center was other step we took in 2008, in line with the corporate objectives. Our customers are encouraged to let us know their requests, claims or suggestions through our 0800 Francés toll free line or through Francés Net. These will be solved mostly by the channel or, alternatively, they may be transferred to the corresponding area, with follow-up and communications with the customer about the results achieved.
 
Key Policies in 2008

Consumer Financing:

During 2008, the growth strategy of payment means strengthened, with a special focus on credit cards. The financing portfolio grew more than 54% in relation to 2007, and the overall financial system had a 35% growth. The market share in the financing sector increased to 96 basic points. In the consumer segment, BBVA increased its market share by 113 basic points, representing a market share of 11.39%.
 
 
 
Our strategy during the year focused on the following:
 
 
§
Introduction of larger purchase limits for cards with a greater use potential, according to customers’ or prospects’ pattern of usage.
 
 
§
creation of promotions to meet customers' needs and to increase the frequency of bank product use; and
 
 
§
and a more direct and profit-oriented communication with our clients.
 
The purpose of the credit card sector is to be available whenever customers buy something, thus generating influencing actions during key moments: the Cerro Catedral and Bariloche, during the winter holidays, we implemented differential services and benefits for customers spending their holidays there, and at the Unicenter shopping mall located in Buenos Aires, in September and December (high sales months.) In both cases, the campaign was complemented by selling our card at the point of sale, including the deliveriy of the plastic card there and then with the consequent possibility for the customer to use the card immediately. Campaigns were really remarkable due to the size of the discounts offered by the vendors, in line with one of the most valued attributes of the moment: BBVA Banco Francés will from time to time allow for special credits to its credit card clients when they use their BBVA Banco Francés credit card at certain establishments and during certain times.
 
We have developed a comprehensive marketing plan which includes several actions that allow us to reach customers according to their individual situations and needs, with the purpose of improving our relationship with them:
 
 
§
Firstly, we have analyzed our customers’ behavior towards credit cards, to determine the most suitable action that may satisfy their needs.
 
 
§
As a result of the above analysis, several actions were provided: Product upgrades, credit limits automatic increases, consumption encouraging actions, additional card offerings and joining the direct debit system (that simplifies our customers’ transactions.)
 
 
§
Additionally, we have encouraged package sales (Accounts) with the purpose of improving our customer portfolio by cross-selling, increasing package sales and indirectly, credit cards. We introduced the “Vuela Vuela” campaign which awards airline tickets to customers and non-customers who have acquired a card package and to people who spend more than expected.
 
 With respect to personal loans, we granted a total of Ps.1,640 million in 2008, representing a 41% increase compared to 2007, which allowed us to obtain an increase of 44 basic points in market share by implementing the following strategy:
 
 
§
To compensate the customer-bank relationship through a price policy which may generate higher benefits to those customers who are more related to the bank. This allowed us to reward customers who are more related to us, reinforcing our relationship with them; and
 
 
§
the relationship between companies and their employees was enhanced, designing products which will replace direct financing granted by the companies to their own employees. Employees are now offered loans directly by the bank and the employer will be collecting the installments.
 
Additionally, we increased our share in the secured loans business, playing an important role in the car financing business, in addition to the already established business line we have with financing companies organized with Renault and Peugeot.
 
Shops and Business:

During 2008, a management model was consolidated mainly based on loan pre-approval and pre-emission lines which enabled to reach this market share on a massive basis. We launched a full loan offer of Ps.669 million in products mainly geared to working capital and leasing, through our retail branch network. The offer included Visa business cards which makes it possible to provide small and medium sized companies, independent professionals and stores with an effective payment solution for expenses and offer exclusive benefits for their customers. Additionally, transactional products were launched which enabled a 35% increase in deposit portfolio.
 
 
 
Managed Resources:

The year 2008 may be considered a transitional year towards a more contractive cycle where growth does not repeat its previous patterns. The interest rate has become positive in real terms since April, in a scenario with more doubts than certainties, which is then followed by a non-favorable international frame, which became more unfavorable n the last quarter of the year. At any rate, the Bank managed to moderate deposit withdrawals, obtaining a growth of 3% in Customers’ Resource average balances as compared with the previous year, reaching a managed resource portfolio, including mutual funds, of Ps.10,996 million.
 
Additionally, we were able to improve funding costs, through the following:
 
 
§
A better structure of our liabilities: 81% of total growth is attributable to checking account balances and the remaining 19% corresponds to fixed term deposits.
 
 
§
A careful pricing policy applied to fixed term deposits.
 
Non-Traditional Alternatives:

For the purpose of offering different investment alternatives, we carried out several actions:
 
 
§
Re-launch of advanced term deposits, addressed to our VIP customers. We compensate the account holder with a durable avant-garde consumer product: an HP Pavilion Notebook and a wireless Linksys router, up front, replacing the traditional interest rate concept.
 
 
§
Offering investment advice and alternatives to wealthy investors who wish to try an alternative instrument and diversify their portfolio:
 
 
a)
Corporate Notes:
 
-               Rombo Compañía Financiera SA
-               Telefónica Móviles Argentina SA
 
 
b)
Initial Public Offering (as per its Spanish acronym, OPA):
 
-               Molinos Río de la Plata SA and Grupo Estrella SA
-               YPF
-               Consultatio SA
-               Edenor SA
-               Pampa Energía SA
 
 
c)
Acquisition of the remaining corporate capital of Telefónica Data Argentina SA’s held by third-parties.
 
 
d)
Ministry of Economy’s securities re-purchase.
 
 
e)
Banco Santander SA’s common share subscription.
 
Insurance:

The year 2008 was a very productive and innovative year, during which insurance policies were offered through different channels: branch network, telemarketing, mobile telephones and the Internet. We wish to emphasize the increase in home insurance sold by telemarketing.
 
During 2008, the following actions were carried out:
 
 
§
SMS messaging that enables the customer to get a quotation for cars and/or homes using text messages.
 
 
§
Promotion of insurance against theft at ATMs through the Internet, with the possibility of purchasing a policy through the web.
 
 
 
 
 
§
Mass advertising about features and benefits of our insurance. Customers were informed about our offers and promotions in newsletters.
 
 
§
VIP customers received offers of an accident insurance policy covering domestic employees.
 
Payroll Accounts:

Payroll accounts is one of the main transactional products managed by the Bank. Aiming at being recognized for its international quality standards, BBVA Banco Francés has become the first Argentine Bank to achieve ISO 9001:2000 Standards for Marketing, Implementation and Service Management of Payroll Accounts.
 
During 2008, we focused on improving the quality and cross-selling level of our portfolio. In the second semester, all banks were asked to join a payroll accounts campaign with the purpose of increasing the number of participants, focusing on high commercial potential customers. This campaign involved both private companies and government bids.
 
In 2009 we will be emphasizing payroll account benefits in order to achieve customer loyalty and to build up payroll customer relationships.
 
VIP BBVA:

During 2008, the most valuable BBVA Banco Francés segment continued to be developed, generating tools for the branches and planning a new approach model which will be implemented in 2009.
 
As a result of direct actions to build customer loyalty, we achieved the following:
 
 
§
9% growth in customer portfolio (today, there are 34,326 customers).
 
 
§
15% increase of premier packages, (today, there are 24,332)
 
 
§
Major increase in premium package placements.
 
VIP Banking works on the assumption that portfolio growth will be achieved as a consequence of good customer long-term relationships. With the purpose of enhancing our relationship with customers, we have created “Estilos BBVA,” which includes benefits such as specific discounts, travel package offers, invitations to events and a points reward program.
 
Mortgage Loans:

The positive trends for Mortgage Loans that we had in 2007 continued during the first semester of 2008. The subprime crisis affected mortgage loans globally, which curbed the development of our portfolio due to a sharp increase in rates and eliminated the fixed-rate interest option. Mortgages decreased in the last quarter of 2008, and the year closed with a 29% portfolio increase at the end of the year as compared with 2007.
 
Electronic Banking:

Electronic Banking continues to be an option favored by customers due to availability, functionality, trustworthiness, and variety of products and services offered.
 
Automatic Teller Machines:

 
§
The Bank has a total network of 639 working ATM’s
 
 
§
174 new ATMs in-branches (replacement or expansion)
 
 
§
18 ATMs installed at companies' facilities, which support new banking business
 
 
 
Self-Service Terminals:

 
§
677 terminals which support cashiers’ operations. During 2008, these terminals were reconditioned to offer a better service to our customers.
 
Internet – Francés Net:

 
§
100,680 new customers
 
 
§
Ps.7,600 million traded
 
 
§
300,000 active customers
 
 
§
39% increase in trading volume
 
Internet – Bank Web Page:

 
§
3.3 million visitors per month during 2008.
 
Call center – Línea Francés:

 
§
89% IVR (Interactive Voice Response) use with almost 8 million calls received by operator
 
 
§
18,700 foreign trade queries
 
 
§
5,100 service queries
 
Mobile Phone Banking: Francés Móvil

Francés Móvil continues offering the possibility of receiving, using text messages (SMS), account balances, credit card and term deposits due date alerts and bounced check warnings, among others, and performing transactions such as service payments, fund transfer.
 
In 2009, new developments are expected especially focused on promotion communications to encourage credit and debit card use.
 
Trust Banking:

The economic activity trend throughout the year 2008 also impacted on the financial trust offers, both in quantity and amounts. The cutoff rate required by investors was higher than that demanded during the previous year, mainly due to the actual inflation situation and to investor liquidity tendency.
 
In order to cut expenses, we are implementing a project called, Cascada Project, to streamline overhead expenses.
 
Asset Management

 
Throughout fiscal year 2008, Francés Administradora de Inversiones S.A., as managing company, continued managing FBA (“Fondos Bien Administrados” or Well Managed Funds) products.
 
Mutual Funds

The Mutual Funds industry in Argentina evidenced a decrease in managed liabilities during 2008. Poor assets performance was due to the financial and economic international financial crisis which also affected the local industry. Additionally, this market has been affected by the local social security system reform.
 
By the end of 2007, total of assets in different Mutual Funds authorized in Argentina were Ps.21,384 million; of which Ps.932.3 million were funds managed by the Company, while as of December 31, 2008, assets managed by the totality of the funds
 
 
 
 
administered for Francés Administradora de Inversiones S.A., that we call the FBA Family, totaled Ps.701.5 million (according to the Argentine Mutual Fund Association (CAFCI, per its acronym in Spanish) provisional data), with a 5.3% of Mutual Funds total market.
 
Assets managed by FBA Family decreased by Ps.230.8 million. This represented a decrease which was 24.8% lower than the total slowdown of this sector, which was 37.6%. As in the previous year, the Board of Directors continued working to streamline the FBA Family funds, concluding the reform of the following management fund manuals: FBA Renta Pesos, FBA Renta, FBA Renta Corto Plazo, FBA Renta Fija, FBA Renta Premium, FBA Internacional, FBA Acciones Globales and FBA Total.
 
 As we mentioned above, in the context of the financial crisis, FBA got acceptable yields when compared with those achieved by competitors. We have to highlight the performance of the following Funds: FBA Acciones Latinoamericanas and FBA Brasil both corresponding to the category Renta Variable Pesos Latinoamérica/ Largo Plazo (Equity Pesos Latin America / Long-Term). Similarly, Fondo FBA Europa obtained the second place within its category even though it had a negative accrued performance. Considering fixed income funds, FBA Bonos Argentina obtained the second position when comparing their respective accrued performances with those of their competitors.
 
As of December 31, 2008, our mutual funds had the following Net Asset Values:
 
Name of Mutual Fund
 
Thousands
of Pesos
 
FBA Acciones Globales
    39,748  
FBA Total
    7,905  
FBA Renta
    10,200  
FBA Renta Pesos
    502,232  
FBA Renta Dólares
    4,302  
FBA Bonos
    5,950  
FBA Calificado
    35,773  
FBA International
    365  
FBA Ahorro Dólares
    11,368  
FBA Renta Fija
    11,434  
FBA Ahorro Pesos
    24,663  
FBA Renta Premium
    5,051  
FBA Europa
    2,001  
FBA Horizonte
    8,166  
FBA EE.UU.
    1,372  
FBA Renta Corto Plazo
    544  
FBA Acciones Latinoamericanas
    14,888  
FBA Bonos Argentina
    8,563  
FBA Brasil
    14,054  
FBA México
    653  
FBA Commodities
    36  
FBA Acciones Argentinas
    228  
FBA Bonos Globales
    52  
Total
    709,548  
______________        
Source: “Cámara Argentina de Fondos Comunes de Inversión”
       
 
Portfolio Management

During the 2008 fiscal year, BBVA Banco Francés continued its commitment to customize portfolio management, an exclusive service for companies and high-income individuals, by providing professional and efficient investment management, tailored to each customer’s particular needs and investor profile.
 
The Bank’s Assets Management division (“Gestión de Activos Argentina”) became a market leader in terms of growth in dollar-denominated market funds. In recognition to our performance, we obtained the S&P “Top Manager” award to the best Variable Income manager.
 
In spite of an availability of highly profitable products, the market’s competitive conditions were adverse. Foreign exchange law imposed restrictions on the funds market and some companies adopted a “Cash Settlement” policy in order to address such conditions. In the case of BBVA Banco Francés, the decision was to adopt a conservative strategy in this connection.
 
 
 
Insurance
 
We provide advisory services to our customers in the selection of the adequate coverage of risks related to life, personal accidents and home insurance and ATM’s robbery insurance, within a range of products offered by certain insurance companies.
 
Additionally, as part of the overall business, we have equity interests in some of these companies, including 12.22% of the capital stock of BBVA Consolidar Seguros S.A., 65.96% of Consolidar Compañía de Seguros de Vida S.A. (a company that offers life insurance to the persons with retirement accounts at Consolidar AFJP), 66.67% of Consolidar Compañía de Seguros de Retiro S.A. (a company that offers retirement plans) and 12.5% of Consolidar ART S.A. (a workers compensation insurance company that offers labor risk insurance to corporations pursuant to a statutory framework established by the Labor Risks Law). BBVA holds the remaining shares in these four companies.
 
International Operations

Since the economic and financial crisis started at the end of 2001, the access to international markets for Argentine companies has been very limited. Notwithstanding this constraint we have been able to assist our clients with traditional foreign trade services, including letters of credit, collections, bank drafts, fund transfers and foreign currency transactions.
 
Furthermore, most recently, in March 2007 we paid the outstanding Class 15 Floating Rate Notes due 2008, for an amount of 121.5 million dollars. With this last payment BBVA Banco Francés concluded the restructuring process of its foreign debt derived from the 2001 crisis.
 
Cost Controls and Efficiency Improvements

The increase in administrative expenses above inflation is mainly related to a higher activity level together with higher payroll and advertising expenses in connection to a more aggressive advertising campaign.
 
The following table shows the revenue derived from the business areas described above for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006:
 
   
As of December 31, 2008
 
   
Banking Financial
       
   
BBVA Banco Francés S.A.
   
PSA Finance S.A.
   
Total
   
Pension Fund Manager (3)
   
Insurance
   
Eliminations
   
Total
 
                                           
Total assets
    22,400,481       452,766       22,853,247       285,011       2,872,885       (185,678 )     25,825,465  
Financial income
    1,944,883       49,091       1,993,974       23,674       352,065       (90,609 )     2,279,104  
Service charge income and other income
    1,372,305       49,498       1,421,803       226,262       329,851       (14,048 )     1,963,868  
Total income (1)
    3,317,188       98,589       3,415,777       249,936       681,916       (104,657 )     4,242,972  
Financial expenses
    (1,274,521 )     (11,977 )     (1,286,498 )     (110 )     (5,682 )     90,609       (1,201,681 )
Allowances for doubtful loans
    (33,462 )     (3,246 )     (36,708 )                             (36,708 )
Operating expenses
    (1,128,183 )     (7,651 )     (1,135,834 )     (232,259 )     (50,969 )     5,614       (1,413,448 )
Other expenses
    (603,047 )     (24,785 )     (627,832 )     (54,168 )     (598,860 )     8,434       (1,272,426 )
Total expenses (2)
    (3,039,213 )     (47,659 )     (3,086,872 )     (286,537 )     (655,511 )     104,657       (3,924,263 )
Income / (Loss) on minority interest in subsidiaries
    (135 )     (5,068 )     (5,203 )     16,876       (8,872 )             2,801  
Total net income
    277,840       45,862       323,702       (19,725 )     17,533               321,510  
 


(1)   Includes: financial income, service charge income and other income.
(2)   Includes: financial expenses, provision for loan losses, service charge expenses, operating expenses, other expenses and income tax and tax on minimum presumed income.
(3)   See Note 14 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

 
 
   
As of December 31, 2007
 
   
Banking Financial
       
   
BBVA Banco Francés S.A.
   
PSA Finance S.A.
   
Total
   
Pension Fund Manager
   
Insurance
   
Eliminations
   
Total
 
                                           
Total assets
    18,903,940       264,251       19,168,191       377,785       2,562,922       (85,899 )     22,022,999  
Financial income
    1,610,891       14,594       1,625,485       37,162       247,412       (5,847 )     1,904,212  
Service charge income and other income
    1,220,097       20,469       1,240,566       463,960       580,609       (274,062 )     2,011,073  
Total income (1)
    2,830,988       35,063       2,866,051       501,122       828,021       (279,909 )     3,915,285  
Financial expenses
    (682,913 )     (2,642 )     (685,555 )     (415 )     (8 )     5,847       (680,131 )
Allowances for doubtful loans
    (60,370 )     (1,892 )     (62,262 )                       (62,262 )
Operating expenses
    (872,913 )     (4,887 )     (877,800 )     (211,084 )     (38,741 )     3,464       (1,124,161 )
Other expenses
    (1,027,268 )     (9,911 )     (1,037,179 )     (278,988 )     (748,572 )     270,598       (1,794,141 )
Total expenses (2)
    (2,643,464 )     (19,332 )     (2,662,796 )     (490,487 )     (787,321 )     279,909       (3,660,695 )
Income / (Loss) on minority interest in subsidiaries
    (169 )     (458 )     (627 )     (4,903 )     (14,011 )           (19,541 )
Total net income
    187,355       15,273       202,628       5,732       26,689             235,049  


   
As of December 31, 2006
 
   
Banking Financial
       
   
BBVA Banco Francés S.A.
   
PSA Finance S.A.
   
Total
   
Pension Fund Manager
   
Insurance
   
Eliminations
   
Total
 
                                           
Total assets
    16,294,763       109,151       16,403,914       373,844       2,204,731       (147,860 )     18,834,629  
Financial income
    1,514,699       7,030       1,521,729       44,237       384,026       (13,588 )     1,936,404  
Service charge income and other income
    653,149       11,249       664,398       377,019       410,135       (221,237 )     1,230,315  
Total income (1)
    2,167,848       18,279       2,186,127       421,256       794,161       (234,825 )     3,166,719  
Financial expenses
    (581,603 )     (95 )     (581,698 )     (234 )     (1 )     13,588       (568,345 )
Allowances for doubtful loans
    (69,411 )     (714 )     (70,125 )                       (70,125 )
Operating expenses
    (711,655 )     (3,320 )     (714,975 )     (171,273 )     (43,750 )     2,594       (927,404 )
Other expenses
    (707,660 )     (4,219 )     (711,879 )     (249,662 )     (638,894 )     218,643       (1,381,792 )
Total expenses (2)
    (2,070,329 )     (8,348 )     (2,078,677 )     (421,169 )     (682,645 )     234,825       (2,947,666 )
Income / (Loss) on minority interest in subsidiaries
    52       (1,505 )     (1,453 )     (40 )     (37,523 )           (39,016 )
Total net income
    97,571       8,426       105,997       47       73,993             180,037  
 


(1)  Includes: financial income, service charge income and other income.
(2)  Includes: financial expenses, provision for loan losses, service charge expenses, operating expenses, other expenses and income tax and tax on minimum presumed income.

 
 
 
Information technology

In 2008, the Systems and Operations area focused its activities on strategic plans already started in previous years, which are reviewed according to the needs of the business. Some of the main actions taken were the following:
 
 
§
Conclusion of a renovation project that began last year with the implementation of state-of-the-art technology. This renovation includes telephone and applications infrastructure for the following areas: telephone banking, telesales, post-sales, post-sales service and tele-collection. This area is now housed in a new building that concentrates contact center processes. The new structure combines with the Bank's IP telephone network and will make it possible to outsource telesales campaigns (third parties).
 
 
§
Telephones were installed in various branches to answer queries or claims that are received from Línea Francés.
 
 
§
We continued with the second renovation stage of self-service terminals and ATMs. A total of 100 ATMs were replaced and 45 new ATMs were added to the ATM network. Currently we have a total of 636 ATMs in operation. With these replacements and further actions taken we managed to boost network service levels up to 96%. Additionally, remodeling of self-service terminals was concluded; today we have 691 units in operation.
 
 
§
New projects were undertaken to improve the quality of customer services by providing offices with tools and technology. Some of these projects are: Line agents, Francés Express (a query point through Francés Net and bank statement printouts) and digital posters (with information on interest and exchange rates).
 
 
§
Branch redesign and renewal plan: This is part of our “New Branch Model” project which is being implemented by a multi-area team. The aim is developing architectural, functional and technical branch offices designs in line with market requirements and with the Bank’s and the Group's strategic objectives. A total of six branches have been concluded so far.
 
 
§
Product pilot tests were launched at points of sale. These included customer assessment and on-the-spot delivery of credit cards at Cerro Catedral and Unicenter shopping malls.
 
 
§
The first products targeted at the low-income consumer area were launched, with review and mass sales processes included. Likewise, pre-approvals were improved to streamline tasks and reduce time on the telephone with customers when processing information.
 
 
§
We proceeded to implement a program for customer contact information in order to increase sales productivity, cross-selling and customer satisfaction, reducing costs. The "Project Data" included implementation of new tools, adaptation of guidelines, data base clean-up, and awareness and incentive plans for employees.
 
Telecommunications: the migration of the whole network to MPLS technology was concluded. This migration considers the increase in capacity for the rest of the offices, and adapting contingency links functionality to new applications.
 
In terms of regulations, methodology and security, the main actions were the following:
 
 
§
We began a project that offers significant functional improvements to replace systems support areas to detect suspicious terrorist and money laundering activities using corporate systems.
 
 
§
“Key Code Cards” (Tarjeta de Coordenadas): A new system was implemented in retail banking area for electronic wire transfers (except for ATMs). Their aim is to improve security in the customer authentication process by providing it with a second authentication factor, something similar to the one-time password.
 
 
 
 
§
A significant improvement project was concluded for perimeter security. It included equipment and architecture upgrades, and review of firewalls rules.
 
 
§
Significant progress has been achieved in the development of new methodologies to manage the applications life cycle.
 
 
§
The process of compliance certification with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act has been fully completed.
 
Building and constructions works took place throughout the year to ensure opening of new branches, and remodeling, in full compliance with the business plan.
 
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
 
Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria S.A. (BBVA)
 
As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, BBVA owned approximately 75.97% of BBVA Banco Francés’ capital stock.
 
BBVA is the result of a merger by absorption of Argentaria, Caja Postal y Banco Hipotecario, S.A., formerly an Spanish retail banking, asset management and insurance provider, into Banco Bilbao Vizcaya, S.A. The merger was approved by the shareholders of both institutions on December 18, 1999. As of December 31, 2008, BBVA, through its subsidiaries, has a presence in 12 American countries and several countries throughout Europe, with 3,375 branch offices in Spain and 4,412 branch offices outside Spain, and 29,070 employees in Spain and 79,902 employees outside of Spain.
 
BBVA is a global financial group, organized in five major business areas: Retail Banking in Spain and Portugal, Wholesale and Investment Banking, México and the United States (including Puerto Rico) and, South America.
 
The tangible benefits provided by the entities that are part of the BBVA Group to the Bank are the following:
 
 
§
Sharing of technology;
 
 
§
Development of new banking products that have been customized for the Argentine market;
 
 
§
Leveraging BBVAs global client relationships to serve those clients operating in Argentina; and
 
 
§
BBVAs participation in BBVA Banco Francés as a shareholder is both long term and strategic.
 
Subsidiaries of BBVA Banco Francés
 
We conduct our securities trading operations on the BCBA through our brokerage affiliate, Francés Valores Sociedad de Bolsa S.A., or Francés Valores.
 
Until recently we provided certain financial services to customers in the lower-income segment through our subsidiary Credilogros. On March 9, 2005 we entered into a sale-purchase agreement with Banco de Servicios y Transacciones and Grupo de Servicios y Transacciones S.A. for the sale of our entire interest in Credilogros. As of June 28, 2006 Banco Central approved this operation with Resolution No. 146. This transaction was performed on July 11, 2006 and the shares of Credilogros Cía. Financiera S.A. were transferred. Prior to that transaction, the capital stock structure of Credilogros, as of December 31, 2005, was as follows:
 
BBVA Banco Francés
69.5271%
Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria S.A.
29.9475%
Inversora Otar S.A.
   0.5254%

Rombo Compañía Financiera S.A., with a single branch located in Buenos Aires, grants loans on the retail market to finance the purchase of new and second hand cars offered by the Renault dealership network. Net profit before income tax in 2008 was Ps.12 million, while it had been Ps.7 million in 2007; that is, 290% over the previous year as a consequence of a positive production level in 2007 and 2008. Risk and portfolio quality indicators have remained at optimum levels. Stricter customer admission controls, collection process streamlining, along with lower second-hand vehicle prices enabled the company to achieve a low credit risk level.
 
PSA Finance is located in Buenos Aires. This financial entity was organized in 2001 and its original shareholders were Credilogros Compañia Financiera S.A. (50%) and Banque PSA Finance (50%), a company owned by the PSA French group. The company’s business is to finance brand new Peugeot and Citroën vehicles, as well as second-hand vehicles of all brands, through
 
 
 
 
motor-vehicle secured loans or leasing transactions. On October 31, 2003, with the approval of the Central Bank, BBVA Banco Francés acquired 50% of the shares of PSA Finance from Credilogros for Ps.11.9 million and the latter settled the call received from BBVA Banco Francés for a total of Ps.11.7 million plus interest. The year 2008 was the best cycle for PSA Finance with respect to secured loans both in volume terms and values, which resulted in a significant growth of the loan portfolio, which also includes leasing operations. 13,910 closed transactions in 2008, 39% more than in 2007; 72.5% of these transactions were for Peugeot and the remaining 27.5% were for Citroen. Ps.380 million in terms of operations closed in 2008; Ps.230 million during the previous year, which represents an increase of 65%.
 
Until March 2004, we offered financial services in the Cayman Island through Banco Francés (Cayman) Ltd. On March 18, 2004 we sold our interest in Banco Francés (Cayman) Ltd. to BBVA.
 
The following chart reflects BBVA Banco Francés’s subsidiaries as of December 31, 2008:
 

The following information is related to subsidiaries and affiliates as of December 31, 2008:
 
Subsidiary or Associated Company
 
Country of
Incorporation/
Residence
 
BBVA Banco Francés
Ownership
and Voting Power
 
Principal Activity
 
Stockholders’
Equity
 (in millions of pesos)(4)
Atuel Fideicomisos S.A. and subsidiary (1)(2)
 
Argentina
 
99.99%
 
Trust services
 
30.8
Francés Valores Sociedad de Bolsa S.A. (1)(2)
 
Argentina
 
94.97%
 
Stock exchange brokerage
 
10.5
Consolidar Cía. de Seguros de Retiro S.A. (1)(2)
 
Argentina
 
66.67%
 
Insurance
 
105.0
Consolidar Seguros de Vida S.A. (1)(2)
 
Argentina
 
65.96%
 
Insurance Pension and Retirement
 
203.1
Consolidar AFJP S.A. (1)(2)
 
Argentina
 
53.89%
 
Fund Administrators
 
237.3
PSA Compañía Financiera S.A. (1)(2)
 
Argentina
 
50.00%
 
Financial Institution
 
68.2
Rombo Compañía Financiera S.A. (2)
 
Argentina
 
40.00%
 
Financial Institution
 
0.1
Consolidar ART S.A. (2)
 
Argentina
 
12.50%
 
Workers Compensation Insurance
 
174.0
BBVA Consolidar Seguros S.A. (2)
 
Argentina
 
12.22%
 
Insurance Company
 
81.7
 

(1)
For information regarding the number of shares we hold in such entities, see Note 2. to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
(2)
Total stockholders’ equity as of December 31, 2008.
(3)
Statutory Stockholders’ Equity, adjusted for purposes of consolidation so as to apply an accounting criterion being uniform with that of BBVA Banco Francés, if applicable.

Equity Investments

The following are all positions that we hold in non-financial institutions wherever such a position represented an ownership in excess of 2% of the invested companies’ equity as of December 31, 2008.
 
 
 
Investment
 
Country
 
% of Shares
Owned
 
Principal Activity
 
Total
Stockholders’
Equity (in
millions of pesos)
Coelsa S.A.(1)
 
Argentina
 
11.39%
 
Clearing house
 
1.8
Interbanking S.A. (1)
 
Argentina
 
9.09%
 
Information services for financial markets
 
16.7
Argencontrol S.A. (1)
 
Argentina
 
7.77%
 
Agent Mandatary
 
0.9
Sedesa S.A. (1)
 
Argentina
 
13.06%
 
Deposit Guarantee Fund
 
12.8
Banelco S.A. (2)
 
Argentina
 
10.91%
 
Nationwide ATM network & credit card Administration
 
57.1
Visa Argentina S.A. (3)
 
Argentina
 
9.79%
 
Credit card issuer
 
101.9
AIG Latin American Fund (4)
 
Virgin Islands
 
19.50%
 
Investment Funds
 
27.6
 

(1)
Total Stockholders’ Equity as of December 31, 2007.
(2)
Total Stockholders’ Equity as of November 30, 2008.
(3)
Total Stockholders’ Equity as of October 31, 2008.
(4)
Total Stockholders’ Equity as of December 31, 2000. The Bank maintains an allowance for the 100% of the amounts.


PROPERTY, PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT

Banco Francés is domiciled in Argentina and has its principal executive offices at Reconquista 199, C1003ABB Buenos Aires, Argentina. The principal executive offices, which we own, are approximately 16,000 square meters in area.
 
At December 31, 2008, our branch network consisted of 237 branches, of which 113 were located in properties that we own and 124 were located in properties leased to us. The branches are located throughout all of the 23 Argentine provinces as well as the City of Buenos Aires.
 
SELECTED STATISTICAL INFORMATION

The following information is included for analytical purposes and should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements as well as “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects”. This information has been prepared from our financial records, which are maintained in accordance with the regulations established by the Central Bank and do not reflect adjustments necessary to state the information in accordance with U.S. GAAP. See Note 20. to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a summary of the significant differences between Argentine Banking GAAP and U.S. GAAP.
 
Average Balance Sheets and Income From Interest-Earning Assets and Interest-Bearing Liabilities

The average balances of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, including the related interest earned or paid, were calculated on a monthly basis in the case of the financial information of BBVA Banco Francés and its subsidiaries. Average balances have been separated between those denominated in pesos and in dollars.
 
The nominal interest rate is the amount of interest earned or paid during the period divided by the related average balance.
 
The nominal average rates for each fiscal year were converted to average real rates as follows:
 
        Rp =
1 + Np
- 1
          Rd =
(1 + Nd)(1 + D)
- 1
1 + I
1 + I

Where:
 
Rp: real average rate for Argentine peso-denominated (in the case of BBVA Banco Francés), assets and liabilities of BBVA Banco Francés;
 
Rd: real average rates for dollar-denominated assets and liabilities of BBVA Banco Francés;
 
Np: nominal peso average rate in peso-denominated (in the case of BBVA Banco Francés), assets and liabilities for the period;
 
Nd: nominal dollar average rate in dollar-denominated assets and liabilities for the period;
 
 
 
D:    devaluation rate of the Argentine peso (in the case of BBVA Banco Francés), to the dollar for the period; and
 
I:      Argentine inflation rate (“WPI”) (in the case of BBVA Banco Francés).
 
The formula for the average real rates for dollar-denominated assets and liabilities (Rd), when compared with the corresponding nominal rates, reflects the loss, or gain, in purchasing power of the dollar caused by the difference between peso, devaluation and inflation in Argentina, for each period.
 
Included in interest earned are the net gains on our portfolio of Government securities and related differences in market quotations. We manage our trading activities in Government Securities as an integral part of our business. We do not, as a matter of practice, distinguish between interest income and gain or loss on our Government Securities portfolio. Non-accrual loans have been included in the related average loan calculation.
 
Negative interest rates in real terms occur in periods when the inflation rate in each country exceeds the nominal interest rate in pesos or exceeds the combination of the nominal interest rate on dollar-denominated assets or liabilities and the devaluation rate.
 
The following illustrates the calculation of the real interest rate in pesos for a dollar-denominated asset yielding a nominal annual interest rate of 20.0% (Nd=0.20) using different combinations of devaluation and inflation rates. If devaluation is 15.0% per annum (D=0.15) and inflation runs at a rate of 25.0% per annum (I=0.25), the result is as follows:
 
Rd=
    (1+0.20)(1+0.15)
  - 1
=
  10.4% per annum
1+0.25

which in this case means that, because inflation exceeds devaluation, the real interest rate in pesos is less than the nominal interest rate in dollars. In this example, if the devaluation rate had been 30.0% per annum, and the other assumptions had remained the same, then the real interest rate in pesos would have been 24.8% per annum, which is more than the nominal interest rate in dollars. If the inflation rate were to exceed 38.0% per annum, then the real interest rate in pesos on this dollar denominated asset would become negative.
 
 

Average Balance Sheets, Interest Earned on Interest-Earning Assets and Interest Paid on Interest-Bearing Liabilities

The following tables show average balances, interest amounts and real rates for our interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006. These adjustments do not have an impact on Interest-earning assets or Interest-bearing liabilities.
 
   
Fiscal Years ended December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
   
Average balance (1)
   
Interest
earned/
paid
   
Average
real rate (2)
   
Average balance (1)
   
Interest
earned/
paid
   
Average
real rate (2)
   
Average balance (1)
   
Interest
earned/
paid
   
Average
real rate (2)
 
   
(in thousands of pesos, except percentages)
 
ASSETS
                                                     
Interest-earning assets
                                                     
Government securities (3)
                                                     
Pesos
    3,768,312       (82,068 )     (10.24 )%     4,162,457       375,861       (4.83 )%     3,349,751       551,972       8.68 %
Dollars
    124,209       (2,113 )     (1.13 )%     55,665       3,029       (5.52 )%     248,714       38,763       9.20 %
Total
    3,892,521       (84,181 )     (9.95 )%     4,218,122       378,890       (4.84 )%     3,598,465       590,735       8.72 %
Loans (4)
                                                                       
Private Sector
                                                                       
Pesos
    7,603,181       1,229,997       6.61 %     5,747,676       829,367       (0.11 )%     4,098,288       514,875       5.03 %
Dollars
    2,067,384       125,995       6.71 %     1,783,801       105,504       (5.09 )%     1,190,840       62,930       (0.53 )%
Total
    9,670,565       1,355,992       6.63 %     7,531,477       934,871       (1.29 )%     5,289,128       577,805       3.78 %
Public Sector
                                                                       
Pesos
    2,722,682       291,382       1.58 %     2,544,360       333,535       (1.27 )%     3,444,212       548,763       8.18 %
Total
    2,722,682       291,382       1.58 %     2,544,360       333,535       (1.27 )%     3,444,212       548,763       8.18 %
Deposits with the Central Bank
                                                                       
Pesos
    115,162       7,588       (2.19 )%     103,736       12,602       (2.10 )%     102,384       10,714       3.07 %
Dollars
    1,087,894       4,157       0.96 %     611,802       6,479       (9.44 )%     570,220       6,577       (4.43 )%
Total
    1,203,056       11,745       0.66 %     715,538       19,081       (8.38 )%     672,604       17,291       (3.29 )%
Other assets
                                                                       
Pesos
    1,476,711       193,071       3.76 %     1,919,830       114,739       (7.49 )%     1,064,259       116,124       3.49 %
Dollars
    145,466       4,830       3.92 %     110,222       5,072       (6.27 )%     116,023       7,179       0.32 %
Total
    1,622,177       197,901       3.77 %     2,030,052       119,811       (7.42 )%     1,180,282       123,303       3.18 %
Total interest-earning assets
                                                                       
Pesos
    15,686,048       1,639,970       1.35 %     14,478,059       1,666,104       (2.66 )%     12,058,894       1,742,448       6.79 %
Dollars
    3,424,953       132,869       4.48 %     2,561,490       120,084       (6.19 )%     2,125,797       115,449       (0.39 )%
Total
    19,111,001       1,772,839       1.91 %     17,039,549       1,786,188       (3.19 )%     14,184,691       1,857,897       5.72 %

 



   
Fiscal Years ended December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
   
Average balance (1)
   
Interest
earned/
paid
   
Average
real rate (2)
   
Average balance (1)
   
Interest
earned/
paid
   
Average real rate (2)
   
Average balance (1)
   
Interest
earned/
paid
   
Average real rate (2)
 
   
(in thousands of pesos, except percentages)
 
Non interest-earning assets
                                                     
Cash and due from banks
                                                     
Pesos
    1,860,569                   1,670,804                   1,140,970              
Dollars
    537,056                   425,941                   385,450              
Total
    2,397,625                   2,096,745                   1,526,420              
Investments in other companies
                                                                       
Pesos
    198,267                   64,113                   51,153              
Dollars
    840                   824                   820              
Total
    199,107                   64,937                   51,973              
Property and equipment and miscellaneous and intangible assets and items pending of allocation
                                                                 
Pesos
    517,016                   689,587                   964,129              
Total
    517,016                   689,587                   964,129              
Allowance for loan losses
                                                                       
Pesos
    (45,337 )                 (250,629 )                 (105,136 )            
Dollars
    (33,357 )                 (31,777 )                 (28,288 )            
Total
    (78,694 )                 (282,406 )                 (133,424 )            
Other assets
                                                                       
Pesos
    652,334                   593,650                   841,928              
Dollars
    74,510                   68,865                   52,643              
Total
    726,844                   662,515                   894,571              
Total non interest-earning assets
                                                                       
Pesos
    3,182,849                   2,767,525                   2,893,044              
Dollars
    579,049                   463,853                   410,625              
Total
    3,761,898                   3,231,378                   3,303,669              
TOTAL ASSETS
                                                                       
Pesos
    18,868,897                   17,245,584                   14,951,938              
Dollars
    4,004,002                   3,025,343                   2,536,422              
Total
    22,872,899                   20,270,927                   17,488,360              
 


(1)
Average Balances are derived from month-end balances.
(2)
Annualized on a 360-day basis.
(3)
Includes trading gains and losses in all fiscal years. Unrealized gains and losses arising from changes in the market value of our trading portfolio of Government Securities and yield on our investment portfolio of Government Securities are included.
(4)
Loan amounts are stated before deduction of the allowance for loan losses. Non-accrual loans are included in loans as interest-earning assets.

 



   
Fiscal Years ended December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
   
Average balance (1)
   
Interest
earned/
paid
   
Average real rate (2)
   
Average balance (1)
   
Interest
earned/
paid
   
Average real rate (2)
   
Average balance (1)
   
Interest
earned/
paid
   
Average real rate (2)
 
   
(in thousands of pesos, except percentages)
 
LIABILITIES
                                                     
Interest-bearing liabilities
                                                     
Savings accounts
                                                     
Pesos
    3,242,023       7,817       (8.02 )%     2,790,939       5,885       (12.52 )%     2,342,303       4,224       (6.52 )%
Dollars
    1,190,844       896       0.65 %     917,098       713       (10.32 )%     772,591       587       (5.45 )%
Total
    4,432,867       8,713       (5.69 )%     3,708,037       6,598       (11.98 )%     3,114,894       4,811       (6.26 )%
Time deposits
                                                                       
Pesos
    5,732,426       703,179       3.02 %     5,897,520       526,155       (4.92 )%     5,112,665       425,598       1.08 %
Dollars
    1,359,527       34,258       3.11 %     1,062,937       23,236       (8.43 )%     737,069       12,119       (3.97 )%
Total
    7,091,953       737,437       3.03 %     6,960,457       549,391       (5.46 )%     5,849,734       437,717       0.44 %
Borrowing from the Central Bank
                                                                       
Pesos
    19,227                   13,162                   72,538       7,663       3.17 %
Dollars
    1,634       16       1.57 %     1,471       4       (10.12 )%     1,325       2       (5.38 )%
Total
    20,861       16       0.12 %     14,633       4       (1.02 )%     73,863       7,665       3.01 %
Borrowings from other financial institutions
                                                                       
Pesos
    57,093       10,610       8.81 %     120,516       17,864       0.23 %     98,702       9,046       1.86 %
Dollars
    527,162       25,848       5.51 %     393,963       23,219       (5.11 )%     306,806       19,243       0.40 %
Total
    584,255       36,458       5.83 %     514,479       41,083       (3.86 )%     405,508       28,289       0.76 %
Corporate bonds
                                                                       
Pesos
                                                     
Dollars
                      41,901       3,694       (2.49 )%     271,742       18,732       0.99 %
Total
                      41,901       3,694       (2.49 )%     271,742       18,732       0.99 %
Other liabilities
                                                                       
Pesos
    584,837       28,828       (3.72 )%     489,417       16,165       (9.83 )%     428,426       26,932       (0.83 )%
Dollars
    108,672       16       0.59 %     55,755       9       (10.38 )%     37,512       10       (5.50 )%
Total
    693,509       28,844       (3.04 )%     545,172       16,174       (9.88 )%     465,938       26,942       (1.20 )%
Total interest-bearing liabilities
                                                                       
Pesos
    9,635,606       750,434       (1.09 )%     9,311,554       566,069       (7.40 )%     8,054,634       473,463       (1.21 )%
Dollars
    3,187,839       61,034       2.50 %     2,473,125       50,875       (8.55 )%     2,127,045       50,693       (3.27 )%
Total
    12,823,445       811,468       (0.20 )%     11,784,679       616,944       (7.64 )%     10,181,679       524,156       (1.64 )%
 
 



   
Fiscal Years ended December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
   
Average balance (1)
   
Interest
earned/
paid
   
Average real rate (2)
   
Average balance (1)
   
Interest
earned/
paid
   
Average real rate (2)
   
Average balance (1)
   
Interest
earned/
paid
   
Average real rate (2)
 
   
(in thousands of pesos, except percentages)
 
Non-interest bearing liabilities and stockholders’ equity
                                                     
Demand accounts
                                                     
Pesos
    2,932,651                   2,547,283                   2,094,140              
Dollars
    57,159                   43,736                   24,537              
Total
    2,989,810                   2,591,019                   2,118,677              
Other liabilities
                                                                       
Pesos
    4,253,636                   3,272,083                   2,917,529              
Dollars
    459,048                   354,934                   290,635              
Total
    4,712,684                   3,627,017                   3,208,164              
Minority interest
                                                                       
Pesos
    251,093                   228,665                   197,278              
Total
    251,093                   228,665                   197,278              
Stockholders’ equity
                                                                       
Pesos
    2,095,867                   2,039,547                   1,782,562              
Total
    2,095,867                   2,039,547                   1,782,562              
Total non–interest bearing liabilities and stockholders equity
                                                                       
Pesos
    9,533,247                   8,087,578                   6,991,509              
Dollars
    516,207                   398,670                   315,172              
Total
    10,049,454                   8,486,248                   7,306,681              
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
                                                                       
Pesos
    19,168,853                   17,399,132                   15,046,143              
Dollars
    3,704,046                   2,871,795                   2,442,217              
Total
    22,872,899                   20,270,927                   17,488,360              
 

(1)
Average balances are derived from month-end balances.
(2)
Annualized on a 360-day basis.
 
 
 
 
 

The following tables show average balances, interest amounts and nominal rates for our interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006.

   
Fiscal Years ended December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
   
Average balance (1)
   
Interest
earned/
paid
   
Average nominal rate (2)
   
Average balance (1)
   
Interest
earned/
paid
   
Average Nominal rate (2)
   
Average balance (1)
   
Interest
earned/
paid
   
Average nominal rate(2)
 
   
(in thousands of pesos, except percentages)
 
ASSETS
                                                     
Interest-earning assets
                                                     
Government securities (3)
                                                     
Pesos
    3,768,312       (82,068 )     (2.18 )%     4,162,457       375,861       9.03 %     3,349,751       551,972       16.48 %
Dollars
    124,209       (2,113 )     (1.70 )%     55,665       3,029       5.44 %     248,714       38,763       15.59 %
Total
    3,892,521       (84,181 )     (2.16 )%     4,218,122       378,890       8.98 %     3,598,465       590,735       16.42 %
Loans (4)
                                                                       
Private Sector
                                                                       
Pesos
    7,603,181       1,229,997       16.18 %     5,747,676       829,367       14.43 %     4,098,288       514,875       12.56 %
Dollars
    2,067,384       125,995       6.09 %     1,783,801       105,504       5.91 %     1,190,840       62,930       5.28 %
Total
    9,670,565       1,355,992       14.02 %     7,531,477       934,871       12.41 %     5,289,128       577,805       10.92 %
Public Sector
                                                                       
Pesos
    2,722,682       291,382       10.70 %     2,544,360       333,535       13.11 %     3,444,212       548,763       15.93 %
Total
    2,722,682       291,382       10.70 %     2,544,360       333,535       13.11 %     3,444,212       548,763       15.93 %
Deposits with the Central Bank
                                                                       
Pesos
    115,162       7,588       6.59 %     103,736       12,602       12.15 %     102,384       10,714       10.46 %
Dollars
    1,087,894       4,157       0.38 %     611,802       6,479       1.06 %     570,220       6,577       1.15 %
Total
    1,203,056       11,745       0.98 %     715,538       19,081       2.67 %     672,604       17,291       2.57 %
Other assets
                                                                       
Pesos
    1,476,711       193,071       13.07 %     1,919,830       114,739       5.98 %     1,064,259       116,124       10.91 %
Dollars
    145,466       4,830       3.32 %     110,222       5,072       4.60 %     116,023       7,179       6.19 %
Total
    1,622,177       197,901       12.20 %     2,030,052       119,811       5.90 %     1,180,282       123,303       10.45 %
Total interest-earning assets
                                                                       
Pesos
    15,686,048       1,639,970       10.45 %     14,478,059       1,666,104       11.51 %     12,058,894       1,742,448       14.45 %
Dollars
    3,424,953       132,869       3.88 %     2,561,490       120,084       4.69 %     2,125,797       115,449       5.43 %
Total
    19,111,001       1,772,839       9.28 %     17,039,549       1,786,188       10.48 %     14,184,691       1,857,897       13.10 %
 
 


   
Fiscal Years ended December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
   
Average balance (1)
   
Interest
earned/
paid
   
Average nominal rate (2)
   
Average balance (1)
   
Interest
earned/
paid
   
Average Nominal rate (2)
   
Average balance (1)
   
Interest
earned/
paid
   
Average nominal rate (2)
 
   
(in thousands of pesos, except percentages)
 
Non interest-earning assets
                                                     
Cash and due from banks
                                                     
Pesos
    1,860,569                   1,670,804                   1,140,970              
Dollars
    537,056                   425,941                   385,450              
Total
    2,397,625                   2,096,745                   1,526,420              
Investments in other companies
                                                                       
Pesos
    198,267                   64,113                   51,153              
Dollars
    840                   824                   820              
Total
    199,107                   64,937                   51,973              
Property and equipment and miscellaneous and intangible assets and items pending of allocation
                                                                 
Pesos
    517,016                   689,587                   964,129              
Total
    517,016                   689,587                   964,129              
Allowance for loan losses
                                                                       
Pesos
    (45,337 )                 (250,629 )                 (105,136 )            
Dollars
    (33,357 )                 (31,777 )                 (28,288 )            
Total
    (78,694 )                 (282,406 )                 (133,424 )            
Other assets
                                                                       
Pesos
    652,334                   593,650                   841,928              
Dollars
    74,510                   68,865                   52,643              
Total
    726,844                   662,515                   894,571              
Total non interest-earning assets
                                                                       
Pesos
    3,182,849                   2,767,525                   2,893,044              
Dollars
    579,049                   463,853                   410,625              
Total
    3,761,898                   3,231,378                   3,303,669              
TOTAL ASSETS
                                                                       
Pesos
    18,868,897                   17,245,584                   14,951,938              
Dollars
    4,004,002                   3,025,343                   2,536,422              
Total
    22,872,899                   20,270,927                   17,488,360              

 

(1)
Average Balances are derived from month-end balances.
(2)
Annualized on a 360-day basis.
(3)
Includes trading gains and losses in all fiscal years. Unrealized gains and losses arising from changes in the market value of our trading portfolio of Government Securities and yield on our investment portfolio of Government Securities are included.
(4)
Loan amounts are stated before deduction of the allowance for loan losses. Non-accrual loans are included in loans as interest-earning assets.

 

   
Fiscal Years ended December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
   
Average balance (1)
   
Interest
earned/
paid
   
Average nominal rate (2)
   
Average balance (1)
   
Interest
earned/
paid
   
Average Nominal rate (2)
   
Average balance (1)
   
Interest
earned/
paid
   
Average nominal rate(2)
 
   
(in thousands of pesos, except percentages)
 
LIABILITIES
                                                     
Interest-bearing liabilities
                                                     
Savings accounts
                                                     
Pesos
    3,242,023       7,817       0.24 %     2,790,939       5,885       0.21 %     2,342,303       4,224       0.18 %
Dollars
    1,190,844       896       0.08 %     917,098       713       0.08 %     772,591       587       0.08 %
Total
    4,432,867       8,713       0.20 %     3,708,037       6,598       0.18 %     3,114,894       4,811       0.15 %
Time deposits
                                                                       
Pesos
    5,732,426       703,179       12.27 %     5,897,520       526,155       8.92 %     5,112,665       425,598       8.32 %
Dollars
    1,359,527       34,258       2.52 %     1,062,937       23,236       2.19 %     737,069       12,119       1.64 %
Total
    7,091,953       737,437       10.40 %     6,960,457       549,391       7.89 %     5,849,734       437,717       7.48 %
Borrowing from the Central Bank
                                                                       
Pesos
    19,227                   13,162                   72,538       7,663       10.56 %
Dollars
    1,634       16       0.99 %     1,471       4       0.30 %     1,325       2       0.15 %
Total
    20,861       16       0.08 %     14,633       4       0.03 %     73,863       7,665       10.38 %
Borrowings from other financial institutions
                                                                       
Pesos
    57,093       10,610       18.58 %     120,516       17,864       14.82 %     98,702       9,046       9.16 %
Dollars
    527,162       25,848       4.90 %     393,963       23,219       5.89 %     306,806       19,243       6.27 %
Total
    584,255       36,458       6.24 %     514,479       41,083       7.99 %     405,508       28,289       6.98 %
Corporate bonds
                                                                       
Pesos
                                                     
Dollars
                      41,901       3,694       8.82 %     271,742       18,732       6.89 %
Total
                      41,901       3,694       8.82 %     271,742       18,732       6.89 %
Other liabilities
                                                                       
Pesos
    584,837       28,828       4.93 %     489,417       16,165       3.30 %     428,426       26,932       6.29 %
Dollars
    108,672       16       0.01 %     55,755       9       0.02 %     37,512       10       0.03 %
Total
    693,509       28,844       4.16 %     545,172       16,174       2.97 %     465,938       26,942       5.78 %
Total interest-bearing liabilities
                                                                       
Pesos
    9,635,606       750,434       7.79 %     9,311,554       566,069       6.08 %     8,054,634       473,463       5.88 %
Dollars
    3,187,839       61,034       1.91 %     2,473,125       50,875       2.06 %     2,127,045       50,693       2.38 %
Total
    12,823,445       811,468       6.33 %     11,784,679       616,944       5.24 %     10,181,679       524,156       5.15 %




   
Fiscal Years ended December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
   
Average balance (1)
   
Interest
earned/
paid
   
Average nominal rate(2)
   
Average balance (1)
   
Interest
earned/
paid
   
Average Nominal rate(2)
   
Average balance (1)
   
Interest
earned/
paid
   
Average nominal rate(2)
 
   
(in thousands of pesos, except percentages)
 
Non interest-bearing liabilities and stockholders’ equity
                                                     
Demand deposits
                                                     
Pesos
    2,932,651                   2,547,283                   2,094,140              
Dollars
    57,159                   43,736                   24,537              
Total
    2,989,810                   2,591,019                   2,118,677              
Other liabilities
                                                                       
Pesos
    4,253,636                   3,272,083                   2,917,529              
Dollars
    459,048                   354,934                   290,635              
Total
    4,712,684                   3,627,017                   3,208,164              
Minority interest
                                                                       
Pesos
    251,093                   228,665                   197,278              
Total
    251,093                   228,665                   197,278              
Stockholders’ equity
                                                                       
Pesos
    2,095,867                   2,039,547                   1,782,562              
Total
    2,095,867                   2,039,547                   1,782,562              
Total non-interest-bearing liabilities and stockholders equity
                                                                       
Pesos
    9,533,247                   8,087,578                   6,991,509              
Dollars
    516,207                   398,670                   315,172              
Total
    10,049,454                   8,486,248                   7,306,681              
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
                                                                       
Pesos
    19,168,853                   17,399,132                   15,046,143              
Dollars
    3,704,046                   2,871,795                   2,442,217              
Total
    22,872,899                   20,270,927                   17,488,360              
                                                                         
 


(1)
Average balances are derived from month-end balances.
(2)
Annualized on a 360-day basis.

 

Changes in Interest Income and Interest Expense; Volume and Rate Analysis

The following tables allocate, by currency of denomination, changes in our interest income and interest expense between changes in the average volume of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities and changes in their respective nominal interest rates for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 compared to the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 compared to the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006 and for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006 compared to the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005. Volume and rate variances have been calculated based on movements in average balances over the period and changes in nominal interest rates on average interest-earning assets and average interest-bearing liabilities. The net change attributable to changes in both volume and rate has been allocated to volume. Trading and yield on government trading and investment accounts results are included in the computation of interest income in all fiscal years.
 
   
December 2008/December 2007
Increase (Decrease) Due to
Changes in
   
December 2007/December 2006
Increase (Decrease) Due to
Changes in
   
December 2006/December 2005
Increase (Decrease) Due to
Changes in
 
   
Volume
   
Rate
   
Net
Change
   
Volume
   
Rate
   
Net
Change
   
Volume
   
Rate
   
Net
Change
 
   
(in thousands of pesos)
 
ASSETS
                                                     
Interest-earning assets
                                                     
Government securities
                                                     
Pesos
    8,584       (466,513 )     (457,929 )     73,386       (249,497 )     (176,111 )     205,284       138,985       344,269  
Dollars
    (1,167 )     (3,975 )     (5,142 )     (10,503 )     (25,231 )     (35,734 )     (45,805 )     78,326       32,521  
Total
    7,417       (470,488 )     (463,071 )     62,883       (274,728 )     (211,845 )     159,479       217,311       376,790  
Loans
                                                                       
Private sector
                                                                       
Pesos
    300,173       100,457       400,630       238,000       76,492       314,492       183,139       27,602       210,741  
Dollars
    17,283       3,208       20,491       35,071       7,503       42,574       26,199       (343 )     25,856  
Total
    317,456       103,665       421,121       273,071       83,995       357,066       209,338       27,259       236,597  
Public sector
                                                                       
Pesos
    19,085       (61,238 )     (42,153 )     (117,960 )     (97,268 )     (215,228 )     (431,175 )     80,509       (350,666 )
Total
    19,085       (61,238 )     (42,153 )     (117,960 )     (97,268 )     (215,228 )     (431,175 )     80,509       (350,666 )
Deposits with the Central Bank
                                                                       
Pesos
    753       (5,767 )     (5,014 )     164       1,724       1,888       (65,591 )     58,871       (6,720 )
Dollars
    1,819       (4,141 )     (2,322 )     440       (538 )     (98 )     1,597       (2,947 )     (1,350 )
Total
    2,572       (9,908 )     (7,336 )     604       1,186       1,790       (63,994 )     55,924       (8,070 )
Other assets
                                                                       
Pesos
    (57,935 )     136,267       78,332       51,133       (52,518 )     (1,385 )     (10,967 )     41,270       30,303  
Dollars
    1,170       (1,412 )     (242 )     (267 )     (1,840 )     (2,107 )     922       (9,165 )     (8,243 )
Total
    (56,765 )     134,855       78,090       50,866       (54,358 )     (3,492 )     (10,045 )     32,105       22,060  
Total interest-earning assets
                                                                       
Pesos
    270,660       (296,794 )     (26,134 )     244,723       (321,067 )     (76,344 )     (119,310 )     347,237       227,927  
Dollars
    19,105       (6,320 )     12,785       24,741       (20,106 )     4,635       (17,087 )     65,871       48,784  
Total
    289,765       (303,114 )     (13,349 )     269,464       (341,173 )     (71,709 )     (136,397 )     413,108       276,711  
 




   
December 2008/December 2007
Increase (Decrease) Due to
Changes in
   
December 2007/December 2006
Increase (Decrease) Due to
Changes in
   
December 2006/December 2005
Increase (Decrease) Due to
Changes in
 
   
Volume
   
Rate
   
Net
Change
   
Volume
   
Rate
   
Net
Change
   
Volume
   
Rate
   
Net
Change
 
   
(in thousands of pesos)
 
LIABILITIES
                                                     
Interest-bearing liabilities
                                                 
Savings accounts
                                                     
Pesos
    1,088       844       1,932       946       715       1,661       275       (1,587 )     (1,312 )
Dollars
    205       (22 )     183       112       14       126       144       64       208  
Total
    1,293       822       2,115       1,058       729       1,787       419       (1,523 )     (1,104 )
Time deposits
                                                                       
Pesos
    (20,251 )     197,275       177,024       70,022       30,535       100,557       21,643       71,503       93,146  
Dollars
    7,474       3,548       11,022       7,124       3,993       11,117       5,887       1,988       7,875  
Total
    (12,777 )     200,823       188,046       77,146       34,528       111,674       27,530       73,491       101,021  
Borrowings from the Central Bank
                                                                       
Pesos
                            (7,663 )     (7,663 )     (124,148 )     (39,726 )     (163,874 )
Dollars
    2       10       12             2       2             (1 )     (1 )
Total
    2       10       12             (7,661 )     (7,661 )     (124,148 )     (39,727 )     (163,875 )
Borrowings from other financial institutions
                                                                       
Pesos
    (11,785 )     4,531       (7,254 )     3,234       5,584       8,818       5,539       2,024       7,563  
Dollars
    6,531       (3,902 )     2,629       5,137       (1,161 )     3,976       3,072       2,798       5,870  
Total
    (5,254 )     629       (4,625 )     8,371       4,423       12,794       8,611       4,822       13,433  
Corporate bonds
                                                                       
Dollars
          (3,694 )     (3,694 )     (20,261 )     5,223       (15,038 )     (3,155 )     6,275       3,120  
Total
            (3,694 )     (3,694 )     (20,261 )     5,223       (15,038 )     (3,155 )     6,275       3,120  
Other liabilities
                                                                       
Pesos
    4,704       7,959       12,663       2,015       (12,782 )     (10,767 )     2,348       (6,938 )     (4,590 )
Dollars
    8       (1 )     7       3       (4 )     (1 )     1       (34 )     (33 )
Total
    4,712       7,958       12,670       2,018       (12,786 )     (10,768 )     2,349       (6,972 )     (4,623 )
Total interest-bearing liabilities
                                                                       
Pesos
    (26,244 )     210,609       184,365       76,217       16,389       92,606       (94,343 )     25,276       (69,067 )
Dollars
    14,220       (4,061 )     10,159       (7,885 )     8,067       182       5,949       11,090       17,039  
Total
    (12,024 )     206,548       194,524       68,332       24,456       92,788       (88,394 )     36,366       (52,028 )




 
Interest-Earning Assets: Net Interest Margin and Spread
 
The following table analyzes, by currency of denomination, our levels of average interest-earning assets and net interest income, and illustrates the comparative margins and spreads for each of the fiscal years indicated.
 
   
Fiscal Years ended December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
   
(in thousands of pesos, except percentages)
 
Average interest-earning assets
                 
Pesos
    15,686,048       14,478,059       12,058,894  
Dollars
    3,424,953       2,561,490       2,125,797  
Total
    19,111,001       17,039,549       14,184,691  
Net interest income (1)
                       
Pesos
    889,536       1,100,035       1,268,986  
Dollars
    71,835       69,209       64,758  
Total
    961,371       1,169,244       1,333,744  
Net interest margin (2)
                       
Pesos
    5.67 %     7.60 %     10.52 %
Dollars
    2.10 %     2.70 %     3.05 %
Weighted average rate
    5.03 %     6.86 %     9.40 %
Yield spread nominal basis (3)
                       
Pesos
    2.67 %     5.43 %     8.57 %
Dollars
    1.96 %     2.63 %     3.05 %
Weighted average rate
    2.95 %     5.24 %     7.95 %
 

(1)
Net interest income is defined as interest earned less interest paid. Trading results from our portfolio of Government Securities are included in interest.
(2)
Net interest margin is net interest income stated as a percentage of average interest-earning assets.
(3)
Yield spread nominal basis is defined as the difference between the average nominal rate on interest-earning assets and the average nominal rate on interest-bearing liabilities.

Return on Equity and Assets
 
The following table presents certain selected financial information and ratios of BBVA Banco Francés for the fiscal years indicated.
 
   
Fiscal Years ended December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
   
(in thousands of pesos, except percentages)
 
Net income
    321,510       235,049       180,037  
Average total assets (1)
    23,924,232       20,428,814       17,409,189  
Average stockholders’ equity (1)
    2,066,431       2,005,711       1,878,066  
Stockholders’ equity at the end of the fiscal year
    2,076,024       2,056,837       1,954,584  
Net income as a percentage of:
                       
Average total assets
    1.34 %     1.15 %     1.03 %
Average stockholders’ equity
    15.56 %     11.72 %     9.59 %
Declared dividends(2)
    100,000       164,000       90,000  
Dividend payout ratio (3)
    31.10 %     69.77 %     49.99 %
Average stockholders’ equity as a percentage of average total assets
    8.64 %     9.82 %     10.79 %
 


(1)
Computed as the average of fiscal year-beginning and fiscal year-ending balances.
(2)
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 the dividends were paid Ps. 35 million in cash and Ps. 65 through the issue of new shares. For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2007, December 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005 the dividends were paid totally in cash.
(3)
Declared dividends stated as percentage of net income. Since April 2002, the Central Bank has suspended the payment of dividends. As of June 2, 2004 financial institutions are allowed to make distributions will have no effect with the prior authorization of the Central Bank and provided that certain conditions are met. See “Financial Information – Dividends”.

 
 
 
Investment Portfolio: Government and Private Securities

We own, manage and trade a portfolio of securities issued by the Argentine and other governments and private issuers. The following table sets out our investments in Argentine and other governments and private securities as of December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 by type and currency of denomination.
 
   
Fiscal Years ended December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
   
(in thousands of pesos)
 
Government securities
                 
In pesos:
                 
Investment accounts
                 
Debt consolidation bonds—Social security (BOCON)
    59,737              
Argentine bonds
    439,816       370,832       406,674  
Argentine Central Bank notes (NOBAC)
    371,274       176,882        
Holding for trading or financial transactions
                       
Debt consolidation bonds—Social security (BOCON)
    6,600       21,376       16,465  
Argentine bonds
    34,874       90,741       238,981  
Argentine Central Bank notes (NOBAC)
          3,266        
Other debt bonds
    3,103       582       7,695  
Holding available for sale
                       
Debt consolidation bonds—Social security (BOCON)
    65,213       166,229        
Argentine bonds
    26,456       73,284        
Argentine Central Bank notes (NOBAC)
    485,833       1,133,071        
Instruments issued by the Argentine Central Bank
                       
Argentine Central Bank bills (LEBAC)
    1,267,667       140,068       75,139  
Argentine Central Bank notes (NOBAC)
    1,409,020       1,865,723       2,445,767  
Unlisted government securities
                       
Argentine bonds
    1,002,431       903,897       843,792  
Tax credit certificates
    6       6       5  
Other debt bonds
    223              
Total government securities in pesos
    5,172,253       4,945,957       4,034,518  
In foreign currency:
                       
Investment accounts
                       
Argentine bonds
    84,707             108,622  
Government Securities for repurchase agreements with the Argentine Central Bank
                       
Argentine bonds
    334,688              
Holding for trading or financial transactions
                       
Argentine bonds
    27,764       51,109       40,406  
Other debt bonds
    200,428       3,246       276  
Unlisted government securities
                       
Argentine bonds
    2,148              
Other debt bonds
    25              
Total government securities in foreign currency
    649,760       54,355       149,304  
Total government securities
    5,822,013       5,000,312       4,183,822  
Investments in listed private securities
                       
Shares
    3,708       36,313       40,975  
Corporate bonds—Listed
    40,478       49,011       75,813  
Mutual funds
    50,228       40,286       35,650  
Certificates of participation in financial trusts
    69,980       116,333       50,958  
Total private securities
    164,394       241,943       203,396  
Subtotal government and private securities
    5,986,407       5,242,255       4,387,218  
Allowances
    (752,747 )     (61,002 )     (15,186 )
Total government and private securities
    5,233,660       5,181,253       4,372,032  
Corporate bonds—Unlisted
    104,476       81,976       58,684  
 
 
 
The following table analyzes the remaining maturities of our investment portfolio as of December 31, 2008 in accordance with issuance terms.
 
   
Maturing
 
   
Within 1 year
   
After 1 year but within 5 years
   
After 5 years but within 10 years
   
After 10 years
   
Total
 
   
Book value
 
   
(in thousands of pesos, except percentages)
 
Government securities
                             
In Pesos:
                             
Investment accounts
                             
Debt consolidation bonds-Social security (BOCON) (*)
    9,176       36,703       10,363       3,495       59,737  
Argentine bonds (*)
          84,128       10,240       345,448       439,816  
Argentine Central Bank notes (NOBAC) (*)
          371,274                   371,274  
Holding for trading on financial transactions
                                       
Debt consolidation bonds-Social security (BOCON) (*)
    1,942       3,899       689       70       6,600  
Argentine bonds (*)
    52       9,930       522       24,370       34,874  
Other debt bonds
    1,074       2,029                   3,103  
Holding available for sale
                                       
Debt consolidation bonds-Social security (BOCON) (*)
    11,699       35,187       18,327             65,213  
Argentine bonds (*)
    3,537       11,225       11,694             26,456  
Argentine Central Bank notes (NOBAC) (*)
    319,793       166,040                   485,833  
Instruments issued by the Argentine Central Banks
                                       
Argentine Central Bank bills (LEBAC) (*)
    1,267,667                         1,267,667  
Argentine Central Bank notes (NOBAC) (*)
    910,713       498,307                   1,409,020  
Unlisted Government Securities
                                       
Argentine bonds (*)
    83,455       348,700       417,275       153,001       1,002,431  
Tax credit certificates
    6                         6  
Other debt bonds
    223                         223  
Total government securities in pesos
    2,609,337       1,567,422       469,110       526,384       5,172,253  
In foreign currency:
                                       
Investment accounts
                                       
Argentine bonds (*)
                27,939       56,768       84,707  
Government Securities for repurchase agreements with the Argentine Central Bank
                                       
Argentine bonds (*)
          334,688                   334,688  
Holding for trading on financial transactions
                                       
Argentine bonds (*)
    5,263       22,198             303       27,764  
Other debt bonds
    192,275       7,820       178       155       200,428  
Unlisted government securities
                                       
Argentine bonds (*)
                      2,148       2,148  
Other debt bonds
    8       17                   25  
Total government securities in foreign currency
    197,546       364,723       28,117       59,374       649,760  
Total government securities
    2,806,883       1,932,144       497,227       585,759       5,822,013  
Certificates of participation on financial trust
    28,665       41,143       172             69,980  
Corporate bonds—Listed
    8,801       28,156       1,350       2,171       40,478  
Corporate bonds —Unlisted
    11,911       92,565                   104,476  
 Weighted average yield (for the securities indicated with*)
    13.16 %     21.86 %     15.72 %     16.24 %        




 
Loan Portfolio

The following table analyzes our loan portfolio by types of loan at December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006. Loans are stated before deduction of the allowance for loan losses.
 
   
Fiscal Years ended December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
   
(in thousands of pesos)
 
Principal
                 
Advances (1)
    1,413,522       1,326,472       1,469,368  
Notes discounted and purchased (2)
    1,241,508       1,430,787       793,195  
Secured with mortgages
    946,804       772,036       460,559  
Consumer loans (3)
    3,606,729       2,392,956       1,313,816  
Financial loans (4)
    598,755       541,911       436,126  
Loans to governmental sector (5)
    2,400,511       2,367,869       2,887,276  
Other loans
    2,373,476       2,666,843       2,282,243  
                         
Less: Unaccrued interest and unused collections (6)
    (24,304 )     (13,756 )     (5,543 )
                         
Less: Difference arising from purchase of portfolio
    (102 )     (93 )     (90 )
                         
Plus: Interest and exchange differences receivable
    147,079       103,824       64,330  
                         
Less: Allowance for loan losses
    (196,489 )     (198,728 )     (167,097 )
Total
    12,507,489       11,390,121       9,534,183  
 

 
(1)
Advances include short and long-term loans to companies and overdraft lines of credit.
 
(2)
Notes discounted and purchased are endorsed promissory notes.
 
(3)
Consumer loans include credit card loans and other consumer loans. Overdrafts to individuals are included under “Advances”.
 
(4)
Financial loans are defined as loans to financial institutions.
 
(5)
Loans to governmental sector are secured by tax rights.
 
(6)
Unaccrued interest is defined as the discount on notes and bills.

Secured Loans

   
Fiscal Years ended December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
   
(in thousands of pesos)
 
Liquid guarantees
    73,871       97,764       60,813  
Preferred guarantees
    1,320,822       832,607       517,028  
Total
    1,394,693       930,371       577,841  

Credit Policy

Overview

The credit policy of the Bank aims to maintain adequate controls on and consistent monitoring of credit risk.
 
Risk is conceived in a global sense. Our Risk Department is responsible for credit risk, market risk and operational risk.
 
Risk Management reports to an Assistant Executive Director, the Accounting and Risk Management Director, and is composed of five main areas: Admission and Follow-up, Credit Recoveries, Operational Risk, Market Risk and Global and Strategic Risk Management.
 
Risk Management represents us as a member of the Risk Commission in the A.B.A., the Argentine Banking Association.
 

 
Risk Management in 2008

 
For most of the first semester of 2008, economy and financial markets continued operating in a favorable macroeconomic setting, similar to previous years. However, during the second semester, and due to the international financial crisis originated in the U.S., market conditions and outlooks changed drastically.
 
In the middle of the year, the risk area of BBVA Banco Francés anticipated events and decided to adequate and update its structure to better adapt to new settings and a more favorable global positioning vis-à-vis the looming crisis. In line with this forecast, risks structure was radically modified: tasks and functions were reformulated and new areas for optimal risk management were created.
 
A specialized retail banking area was created and supplied with a larger operating capacity and improved analysis of already assumed risks and those to be assumed in the future. Four clearly-defined groups were organized: admission, tracking, policies and tools and recoveries. In addition, measures were taken with the purpose of enforcing a stricter credit risk policy, but at the same time ensuring loan portfolio expansion; precautions have been enforced to avoid any losses in the Bank’s good portfolio.
 
In 2008, we also adopted new scorings for several consumer and mortgage products and advanced quickly in the development and deployment of predictive scorings. With all these measures, profitable investment growth possibilities in retail banking were enhanced using state-of-the-art technology, attaining more diversification and minimizing any risks assumed.
 
A wholesale risk area was created to manage risks and to deal with all new requirements from SMEs and large corporate customers in the current setting. We have focused on tracking through a “traffic light” system that serves to indicate portfolio sensitivity levels, and we have also implemented a comprehensive plan to establish a more accurate and detailed awareness in each business activity sector (e.g. primary agriculture). Four work groups were organized in the new area, namely: company admission, corporate admission, policies and tools, and tracking and recovery.
 
Thanks to all this, and in spite of an unfavorable macroeconomic framework, BBVA Banco Francés continued operating with a sustainable growth in its loan portfolios, while keeping very low delinquency rates, in line with historical and corporate standards. Upon the introduction of all these measures, placements of personal loans and credit cards increased and, the range of loans for SMEs and large corporations were enhanced with working capital increase funding lines. This was done to meet both external and internal demand (check discounts, leasing and foreign trade). All these brought about a sustainable and safe private portfolio growth.
 
In 2008, loans to the retail private sector increased by 39% , while the companies segment decreased by 10%, as a consequence of the continued market contraction during the last quarter of the year. In this scenario, retail banking stands out, as the Bank focuses its attention on the growth of this area, where an increase of Ps.1,214 million (41%) was recorded.
 
Non-performing loans ratio experienced a growth, which is normal in the current business cycle. It increased from 0.57% in December 2007 to 0.98% in December 2008, while the private portfolio ratio increased from 0.65% in 2007 to 1.09% in 2008. Nevertheless, these ratios remain at absolute minimums within the Argentine Financial System.
 
Concurrently, a very powerful risk strategic management area was created to duly complement the management process. This new area focuses on guidelines issued by the New Basel Capital Accord (BIS II), where expected portfolio losses are studied. It is also centered upon the development of a new information management area for risk decisions and an in-depth analysis of issues inherent to global, operational, structural and market risks. The global management unit in this area is still working hard to reinforce the multidisciplinary team created to develop migration-oriented methodologies for a model of Risk Associated Return (RAR). Our ambitious target is to apply these methodologies to bank operations, products and customers in 2009/10.
 
We continued working on internal processes related to the mid-term strategy line that will make it possible for our Bank to reach the standards of the New Basel Capital Accord (BIS II), exceeding local Central Bank requirements whose guidelines aim at the implementation of the Basel Capital Accord II based on a simplified method towards 2010. The operational risk management unit continues adopting applications and organizing inter-area Operational Risk Committees (CRO, per its acronym in Spanish), in line with mid-term plans, thus ending the year in full compliance of targets.
 
The “Eventos de Riesgo Operacional” (“EVROS”) tool has been partly updated during the year: 80% has been updated so far. Our aim is to finish the updating process by the second quarter of 2009.
 
In 2008, we built up and expanded the market risks unit, which continued monitoring and tracking down market risks through AC VaR corporate tools and implemented the new management tools Lambda and STAR. These tools support and monitor all money desk transactions, providing information to Lambda (in-house credit risk) and Sigma (management results) to maximize tracking and
 
 
 
monitoring of all transactions that may bring about financial risks. This has been an essential progress, given current settings and the outlook for 2009. Limits and controls for structural risks were also introduced during this year, in connection with financial markets margin sensitivity and economic values.
 
Credit recovery continued with its outstanding role thanks to efficient management of “non performing” and “write off” portfolios, which resulted in a high collection level. The write-off portfolio collections amounted to Ps.51 million, placing BBVA Banco Francés among major banks with the best results in this area.
 
Additionally, systems to monitor liquidity, market and credit risks in portfolios managed by related companies were developed. All this has contributed to the rounding off of an exceptional year for BBVA Banco Francés, from a comprehensive risk vision. These achievements are more remarkable yet since risk management took place in turbulent surroundings, full of challenges for our business.
 
Loans by Economic Activity

The table below analyzes our loan portfolio according to the borrowers’ main economic activity as of December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006. Where appropriate, personal loans are allocated to the economic activity of the borrower. Loans are stated before deduction of the allowance for loan losses.
 
   
Fiscal year ended December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
   
Loan
Portfolio
   
% of Loan Portfolio
   
Loan
Portfolio
   
% of Loan Portfolio
   
Loan
Portfolio
   
% of Loan Portfolio
 
   
(in thousands of pesos, except percentages)
 
Agricultural and livestock
    311,226       2.45 %     348,966       3.01 %     185,041       1.91 %
Beverage
    165,130       1.30 %     207,597       1.79 %     189,651       1.95 %
Construction
    128,242       1.01 %     143,305       1.24 %     82,077       0.85 %
Consumer
    4,270,716       33.62 %     2,945,120       25.41 %     1,721,651       17.75 %
Electrical machinery
                289,858       2.50 %     64,021       0.66 %
Electricity, oil, water and sanitary services
    92,258       0.73 %                        
Financial sector
    598,755       4.71 %     541,911       4.68 %     436,126       4.50 %
Foodstuff
    265,929       2.09 %     764,487       6.60 %     625,045       6.44 %
Government services
    2,400,511       18.90 %     2,367,869       20.43 %     2,887,276       29.76 %
Industrial metals
    259,660       2.04 %     219,039       1.89 %     129,272       1.33 %
Leather and fur product
    9,375       0.07 %     70,121       0.61 %     73,993       0.76 %
Mining products
    263,913       2.08 %     463,545       4.00 %     422,255       4.35 %
Oil and carbon
    304,147       2.39 %     473,427       4.09 %     448,322       4.62 %
Others
    2,575,617       20.27 %     1,615,437       13.92 %     1,601,192       16.50 %
Other manufacturing
    95,143       0.75 %     100,678       0.87 %     99,885       1.03 %
Paper products
    19,959       0.16 %                        
Printers, publishers and related industries
                10,034       0.09 %     15,255       0.16 %
Rubber products
    61,248       0.48 %     85,810       0.74 %     69,291       0.71 %
Retail trade
    354,681       2.79 %     312,412       2.70 %     259,731       2.68 %
Services
    35,530       0.28 %     82,978       0.72 %     10,591       0.11 %
Shoes, apparel and other textile products
    22,473       0.18 %     19,276       0.17 %     11,670       0.12 %
Textile
    36,836       0.29 %     57,117       0.49 %     26,751       0.28 %
Tobacco
    5,021       0.04 %     9,466       0.08 %     8,214       0.08 %
Transportation material
    96,173       0.76 %     134,852       1.16 %     135,341       1.40 %
Wholesale trade
    318,442       2.51 %     305,727       2.64 %     171,592       1.77 %
Wood products and cork
    13,095       0.10 %     19,910       0.17 %     27,127       0.28 %
Total
    12,704,080       100.00 %     11,588,942       100.00 %     9,701,370       100.00 %



 
 
 
 
Maturity Composition of the Loan Portfolio

The following table analyzes our loan portfolio as of December 31, 2008 by type and by the time remaining to maturity. Loans are stated before deduction of the allowance for loan losses. We expect most loans to be repaid at maturity in cash or through refinancing at market terms.
         
Maturing
 
   
Amount at December 31,
2008
   
Within
3 months
   
After 3
months but
within 1 year
   
After 1 year
but within
5 years
   
After 5 years
 
   
(in thousands of pesos, except percentages)
 
To the non-financial public sector (1)
    2,400,511       1,984       452,049       1,236,413       710,065  
To the financial sector
    598,755       270,598       280,552       47,605        
To the non-financial private sector and residents abroad
    9,704,814       5,383,172       1,542,538       2,155,032       624,072  
Overdraft
    1,440,272       1,290,297       146,727       3,248          
With privileged guarantees
    1,471,928       85,106       198,770       573,328       614,724  
Credit cards
    1,243,498       1,243,498                    
Other
    5,549,116       2,764,271       1,197,041       1,578,456       9,348  
Total
    12,704,080       5,655,754       2,275,139       3,439,050       1,334,137  
Percentage of total loan portfolio
    100.00 %     44.52 %     17.91 %     27.07 %     10.50 %
 

(1)
A swap of National Government Guaranteed Loans for new debt instruments issued by the National Government (Bonar 2014) with 5-year maturity took place in January 2009. For BBVA Banco Francés and its subsidiaries the swap was made by a reference value of Ps. 1,414.0 million.
 
Foreign Country Outstanding Positions

The following table sets forth, as of December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, the aggregate amount of our cross-border outstanding exceeding 1% of total assets at each date. Cross-border outstanding are defined as loans, interest-bearing deposits in other banks, and other monetary assets held by borrowers outside of Argentina. Cross-border outstanding of BBVA Banco Francés are denominated exclusively in dollars, converted into pesos in the chart below.
 
   
Fiscal Year Ended December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
   
(in thousands of pesos)
 
Outstanding of BBVA Banco Francés to American borrowers
          129,661        
Total
          129,661        
 
Interest Rate Sensitivity of Outstanding Loans as of December 31, 2008

The following table analyzes, by currency of denomination, the interest rate sensitivity of our loan portfolio as of December 31, 2008. Loans are stated before deduction of the allowance for loan losses.
 
   
Fiscal Year Ended
December 31, 2008
 
   
(in thousands of pesos)
 
Variable Rate
     
Pesos — including adjustable loans
    2,930,798  
Foreign currency
    187,945  
      3,118,743  
Fixed Rate
       
Pesos
    7,684,857  
Foreign currency
    1,789,781  
      9,474,638  
Non-performing (1)
       
Pesos
    105,654  
Foreign currency
    5,045  
      110,699  
Total
    12,704,080  
 

(1)
For additional information on non-performing loans see “Information on the Company—Selected Statistical Information—Non-performing and Restructured Loans”, below in this section.
 
 

 
The following table sets forth a breakdown of our fixed and variable rate loans which have a maturity of one year or more at December 31, 2008.
 
   
Interest Sensitivity in
Outstanding Loans Maturing
In More Than One Year
 
   
Fixed Rate
   
Variable Rate
 
   
(in thousands of pesos)
 
To the non-financial public sector
          1,946,479  
To the financial sector
    47,605        
To the non-financial private sector and residents abroad
    2,316,347       462,756  
Total
    2,363,952       2,409,235  

Allowance for Loan Losses and Loan Loss Experience

BBVA Banco Francés classifies its borrowers in accordance with the regulations of the Central Bank, its primary bank regulator, and not in the manner established by the Securities and Exchange Commission. As a result, BBVA Banco Francés does not keep records classifying loans as “non-accrual”, “past due”, “restructured” and “potential problem loans”, as those terms are defined by the SEC.
 
Classification System According to Central Bank Regulations

The Central Bank established requirements, with respect to the classification of borrowers and the provisions for loan losses. The following is a summary of the Central Bank’s loan classification requirements up to the date of this annual report.
 
The loan classification system is a bifurcated system, which requires the application of one set of criteria to classify loans in a bank’s “consumer” portfolio, and another set of criteria to classify loans in a bank’s “commercial” portfolio.
 
The principal criterion applied to loans in the consumer portfolio is delinquency aging, legal situation and refinancing compliance, irrespective of the fact that, prior to the granting of financing, debtors payment capacity should be analyzed, evaluating:
 
§ 
The allocation of their periodic income in relation to the totality of credit commitments assumed; or
 
§ 
Through the use of the credit scoring and screening methods.
 
The principal criterion applied to loans in the commercial portfolio is the borrower’s ability to pay, as measured by such borrower’s future cash flow. We can opt to apply the consumer loan classification criteria to commercial loans of up to Ps.500,000.
 
Under the regulations, consumer borrowers are classified as follows:
 
1. 
“Normal” if all payments on its loans are current or less than 31 days overdue and, in checking account overdrafts, less than 61 days overdue;
 
2. 
“Low Risk” if payments with respect to principal, interest or otherwise, on any of its loans, are overdue for more than 31 and up to 90 days;
 
3. 
“Medium Risk” if payments on any of its loans are overdue for more than 90 and up to 180 days;
 
4. 
“High Risk” if payments on any of its loans are overdue for more than 180 days and up to one year or if it is subject to judicial proceedings for default on any of those loans;
 
5. 
“Irrecoverable” if payments on any of its loans are overdue for more than one year, if the borrower is in bankruptcy or liquidation proceedings or if it is insolvent; and
 

 
 
6. 
“Irrecoverable for Technical Decision” if such borrower is:
 
(a) 
In arrears for more than 180 days according to a list provided by the Central Bank, which includes:
 
§ 
Financial institutions liquidated by the Central Bank,
§ 
Entities created as a result of the privatization of public financial institutions and in the process of dissolution,
§ 
Financial institutions whose licenses have been revoked by the Central Bank and are under judicial liquidation or bankruptcy,
§ 
Any trust in which SEDESA is the beneficiary.

(b) 
A foreign borrower (including banks or other financial institutions) which is not classified as “investment grade” by any of the rating agencies admitted by the Central Bank pursuant to the Evaluation of Financial Entities’s standards, except for the following:
 
§ 
Foreign banks or other financial institutions controlling or controlled by the financial entity under the consolidated or other supervision systems approved by the Central Bank,
§ 
Financing that is:

Secured by foreign banks and classified as “Investment Grade” by any of the international rating agencies admitted by the Central Bank;
Related to the buying or selling of securities through custodian banks admitted by the Central Bank (Caja de Valores, Cedel, Euroclear or the Depositary Trust Company), arising from the usual business practices in the market in which they are made;
Related to foreign trade transactions;
Entailing swaps of dollars and domestic government bonds at market price, with sufficient margins, involving custodians admitted by the Central Bank;
Foreign banks or financial institutions subject to the consolidated supervision system which controls local financial institutions organized as corporations (sociedades anónimas);
Other foreign banks authorized to take part in reciprocal payment and credit regimes to which the Central Bank is a party, to the extent the controlling financial entity is subject to a consolidated supervision system; and
Non-financial private sector clients whose debt together with the amount of the financing requested at the time of granting it, exceeds the lower of 2.5% of the bank’s computable equity responsibility as at the last day of the preceding month or the equivalent to Ps.1,000,000, and who have not submitted a sworn statement as to whether they are related or not to the respective financial agent, or whether their relationship with the latter implies the existence of controlling influence, or who have not updated their previous statement.

§ 
Assistance provided through foreign subsidiaries or branches of local financial institutions under the consolidated supervision system, to the extent the financial assistance is not funded directly or indirectly by local financial institutions.

Irrespective of the fact that the analyses that preceded the granting of financing should also take into account debtors’ payment capacity by evaluating the allocation of their periodical income in relation to the totality of credit commitments assumed, the classification of these clients shall be made (at the end of each month) exclusively considering objective patterns related to the degree of compliance of their obligations as they become due or their legal situation, as well as the information deriving from the “Financial System Debtors Department” provided they reflect quality levels lower than those assigned by the entity.
 
Payment capacity evaluation based on the borrower’s income will not be mandatory, as long as specific evaluation methods are used or the borrowers’ loans are for minimal amounts in terms of point 1.1.3.3, Section 1 of the “Credit Management” rules.
 
The specific evaluation methods mentioned above are those known as “Credit Scoring and Screening”.
 
The limits to take into account for applying these methods are as follows:
 
i) 
Eligible borrowers:

Natural persons non related to the financial entity.
 
 

 
ii) 
Individual limit:

The capital owed may at any time exceed the following limits, per class of credit and per client:
 
§ 
Dwelling mortgage loans: Ps.200,000
 
§ 
Chattel mortgage car loans: Ps.75,000
 
§ 
Personal loans and financing by credit card: Ps.15,000
 
On December 26, 2008, by Communication “A” 4891, Point 7.4 of the Debtors Classification Regulation was incorporated. It contemplates controlling the totality of our entity’s non-performing consumer portfolio (Categories 3, 4 and 5) in respect of the financial system. If the result from the formula below is greater than 5% on the last day of a calendar quarter or greater than 10% in a year, the financial institution must inform the origin of such circumstance to the Superintendencia de Entidades Financieras y Cambiarias, providing such explanations as may be requested and, if applicable, the amendments to be introduced in its credit policy so as to improve the quality of its credit portfolio.
 
FICCT - FICCT-1 - Máx (FICCST - FICCST-1 ; 0)

Where:
 
FICC: a quotient, expressed as a percentage between the totality of financings corresponding to the consumer or household portfolio of the financial institution, classified as Category 3 through 5 according to the “Debtors Classification Regulations" and the total amount of their financings for the consumption or household portfolio.
 
FICCS: a quotient, expressed as a percentage between the total amount of financings of the consumer or household portfolio corresponding to the whole financial system, classified as Category 3 through 5, according to the “Debtors Classification Regulations", and the total amount of their financings for the consumption or household portfolio, according to such information as may be published by the BCRA.
 
T: the last day of a calendar quarter for which the calculation of the quotient is applicable.
 
T-1: the last day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter and the last day of the same quarter corresponding to the prior year, as the case may be.
 
On November 29, 2006, by Communication “A” 4738, two significant points were incorporated to, or modified in the Borrower Rating Standard and Minimum Bad Debt Risk Provisions:
 

1) 
The treatment for refinancing in the Consumption Portfolio, depending on the refinanced borrower’s compliance record.
 
Criterion for improving situation

In normal situation, up to two refinancings are admitted within the past twelve months with arrears of less than 31 days. Counting starts as of the date of the last refinancing. For all other situations, the basic criterion is that the greatest penalty must be applied to the borrower who delays the refinancing, for which reason:

§ 
Once the Refinancing Agreement has been signed, the previous situation applies, unless borrower makes payments in advance which can be computed.
 

 
 
§ 
Borrower must accumulate a greater number of installments or percentage of cancellation in order to improve his situation.
 
(i) 
Situation improved by payment of installments. The following table applies (*)

   
Quantity of quotas
 
Change of category
 
from
Irrecoverable
   
from
High Risk
   
from
Medium Risk
   
from
Low Risk
 
Change to High Risk
    3                    
Change to Medium Risk
    6       3              
Change to Low Risk
    8       5       2        
Change to Normal
    9       6       3       1  

(*)
The refinancing requires a punctual payment or with delays of not more than 31 days according to the German or French Amortization System. Regularity may be monthly or bimonthly.

(ii) 
Situation improved by Percentage of Capital Cancellation (also applicable to Commercial Portfolio) (**)

   
Percentage of cancellation
 
Change of category
 
from
Irrecoverable
   
from
High Risk
   
from
Medium Risk
   
from
Low Risk
 
Change to High Risk
    20 %                  
Change to Medium Risk
    35 %     15 %            
Change to Low Risk
    45 %     25 %     10 %      
Change to Normal
    55 %     35 %     20 %     10 %

(**)
For amortization systems with periods greater than bimonthly or irregular.

Collections not applied and rebates may not be counted in order to improve the situation (they belong to the debt preceding the signing of the Refinancing Agreement).

Up-front payments may be computed as per their equivalent in installments or amortization percentage in order to improve borrower’s situation.

The choice must be for a single parameter depending on the refinancing mode:

§ 
Refinancings with regular monthly or bimonthly payments: by the timely payment of installments. This is the criterion adopted by BBVA Banco Francés.
 
§ 
All other forms: by capital amortization.
 
Criterion for deteriorating the situation by noncompliance with the refinancing and for improving it once again at a later stage.

Arrears are considered to exist in refinancing if a delay exceeding 31 days occurs.

The criterion as to how to determine the situation of a refinanced client is as follows:

1. 
Tranches of arrears are allocated in any applicable situation according to the table below:

Situation
 
Minimum delay time
(in days)
Normal
 
0
Low Risk
 
32
Medium Risk
 
91
High Risk
 
181
Irrecoverable
 
More than 1 year

 


2. 
To the above must be added the refinancing arrears, and according to this the situation in which the refinanced client must be placed is determined:

Example:

Assumption a)
 
Days of delay at the time of refinancing
 
Situation at the time of refinancing
 
Number of cancelled installments of the refinanced debt
 
Situation considering installment cancellations
400
 
Irrecoverable
 
6
 
Medium Risk

Assumption b) –new delay -

Situation at the time of incurring arrears
 
Minimum time of delay (days)
 
New delay (refinanced debt) (days)
 
Delay at end of month (days)
 
New situation
Medium Risk
 
91
 
95
 
186 (91+95)
 
High Risk
 
If the client is in arrears for which his category was degraded, the client must catch up on its payments (or show a delay of less than 31 days), and in such event he may be improved in respect of all payments made while he remained in arrears, his situation then being once again improved. In the previous example, if the client descends to High Risk and then catches up on its payments by cancelling 6 installments in arrears, the client may be moved to Normal.

2) 
Procedure for constituting provisions above the minimum ones established by the regulations for a portfolio in normal situation.
 
The main criterion is based on the provisions of point 7.1, third paragraph of the Borrower Rating Standard and Minimum Bad Debt Provisions. More stringent criteria may be adopted on the basis of the objective guidelines mentioned in the first paragraph of the same point, provided this constitutes a generally applied policy which must be duly detailed in the “Rating and Provision Procedures Manual”, without this affecting the rating that must be allocated to eligible borrowers as provided hereunder, and provided this is duly grounded on objective criteria based on behavioral studies that give support to the higher provisions (be it for the active portfolio as a whole or by type of financing).

In view of the regulations in force, the internally established hedges and their revision, it has been decided to modify the policy of allowances as follows:

§ 
To register the allowances for the performing loans portfolio (globally), according to the minimum established in the regulations in force (1%). The purpose of constituting a minimum hedge is to make it possible to maintain a permanent monitoring over the behavior of the consumer portfolio and similar ones, in order to apply the necessary corrective actions.
 
§ 
To establish allowance percentages greater than the minimum established for the portfolio in Category 4 (High Risk) within the consumer and consumer-assimilated portfolio. The allowance to be applied is 50% for debts with preferred “B” guarantee and 100% for debts without guarantee.
 
This procedure also requires authorization by the same member officers who are responsible for approving the “Significant Financings” (those exceeding 2.5% of the Entity’s Equity Liability), for which reason it was discussed and confirmed by our Technical Committee of Operations and validated by our Board of Directors.

Commercial borrowers are classified as follows:
 
1. 
“Normal” if there is no doubt that the borrower can meet all of its financial obligations.
 
2.(a) “Special Tracking-Under Observation” if the borrower is able to meet all of its financial obligations but is sensitive to changes that could compromise such ability absent timely corrective measures.
 
 
 
 
2.(b) “Special Tracking-Under Negotiation or with Refinancing Agreements” if the borrower is unable to comply with its obligations as agreed and formally state, at least 60 days before the date on which the payment of their obligations is due, its intention to refinance such debts.
 
The borrower must enter into an agreement with the lender within 90 days (if up to two lenders are involved) or 180 days (if more than two lenders are involved) after the date on which the obligations became overdue. If no agreement has been reached within the established deadline, the borrower must be reclassified to the next category below according to the indicators established for each level.
 
3. 
“Problem” if the borrower has problems in meeting its ordinary financial obligations.
 
4.
“High Risk of Insolvency” if the borrower is highly unlikely to meet its financial obligations.
 
5.
“Irrecoverable” if it is clear, at the time of the classification, that the borrower will not meet its financial obligations to the classifying bank.
 
6.
“Irrecoverable for Technical Decision” if such borrower meets the same criteria as described above for consumer borrowers.

In classifying a commercial borrower, banks must take into account other factors depending upon the classification category, such as the quality of the borrower’s management, the borrower’s operating history, its present and projected financial situation, the adequacy of its financial reporting, the general risks associated with the market in which the borrower operates, the borrower’s relative position within such market, its payment history and ability to service debt.

In the case of legal proceedings, whether these proceedings are initiated by us or at the instance of the borrower, commercial borrowers must be classified according to pre-determined circumstances, independently from the classification under which they would fall.

Under this classification system, all loans to a given borrower are grouped under the highest classification assigned to that borrower by the classifying bank. The classification of a given borrower must not differ by more than one higher category from a lower classification given to that borrower by at least two other banks whose aggregate loans outstanding to that borrower represent 40% or more of the total loans outstanding to that borrower in the Argentine financial system at the time of the classification.
 
Under the Central Bank regulation, banks must establish the following loan loss provisions based on the amount owed on the loan (including accrued but unpaid interest). As the table suggests, the presence of preferred guarantees reduces the level of required provisions.

   
Loan Loss Provision Required
 
   
With
Preferred “A”
Guarantees
   
With
Preferred “B”
Guarantees
   
Without
Preferred “A”
or Preferred
“B” Guarantees
 
Normal
    1 %     1 %     1 %
Low risk / Special tracking - under observation (2)
    1 %     3 %     5 %
Special tracking - under negotiation or with refinancing agreements (2)
    1 %     6 %     12 %
Medium risk / Problem
    1 %     12 %     25 %
High risk / High risk of insolvency
    1 %     25 % (3)     50 % (3)
Irrecoverable
    1 %     50 %     100 %
Irrecoverable for technical decision
    1 %     100 % (1)     100 % (1)
Additional loans (4)
    1 %     1 %     1 %

(1) 
The classification of a debtor under this category will require a loan loss provision of 100% of any financings, such as rollovers, extensions and express or implied waits, that may be granted after 90 days have elapsed since the day following the announcement by the Central Bank of the data base that includes the debtor. The presence of preferred guarantees does not affect this obligation.
(2) 
The entity has not yet classified its debtors in the “Special tracking -under negotiation or with refinancing agreements” category.
(3) 
Please take into account that for the Consumer and Consumer-Assimilated Portfolio, the allowances to be applied are 50% for debts with Preferred “B” guarantee and 100% for debts without guarantee.
(4) 
Extensions of credit that do not surpass the result of applying the percentages indicated below over the balance of the existing debt on the day prior to the extension of the additional credit:
 
 
 
 
Irrecoverable
    10 %
Difficult recovery/High risk of insolvency
    20 %
Deficient servicing/Problem
    30 %
Inadequate servicing/Potential risk
    40 %

Non-compliance with the payments for the services corresponding to this additional assistance will determine the obligation to provision the assistance consistent with the objective standards for overdue payments or legal requirements pursuant to the classification of debtors included in the consumer portfolio for consumption or housing. This also applies to borrowers in the commercial portfolio, in which case the additional financing will be considered independently of the rest of the client’s debt.

Furthermore, banks are required to establish provisions equal to 100% of any interest accrued on loans to borrowers classified as “Problem” or lower or “Medium Risk” or lower. The Bank chooses to interrupt interest accrual accounting as permitted by the regulation.

The Central Bank regulations set requirements for the review by banks of their classification of borrowers. The classification given to borrowers whose outstanding loans represent at any given time more than 5% of the lending bank’s risk weighted capital must be reviewed at least on a quarterly basis. The classification given to borrowers whose outstanding loans represent at any time between 1.00% and 5.00% of the lending bank’s risk weighted capital, or are for an amount greater than Ps.1.0 million, must be reviewed at least every six months. The classification of all other types of borrowers must be reviewed at least once a year. In addition, banks must review the classification given to a borrower in any of the following situations:

§ 
Any time the Central Bank modifies the definition of its borrower classifications;
 
§ 
Any time another bank downgrades a borrower whose loan standings are greater than 10% of the total loans outstanding in the Argentine financial system;
 
§ 
Any time a credit rating agency downgrades by more than one category the rating assigned to bonds issued by such borrower;
 
§ 
If the Central Bank requires it as a result of an inspection; and
 
§ 
In case of discrepancy by more than one level between the rating given by the financial entity and those granted by at least another two financial entities or trusts in categories below that assigned by it, and whose credits as a whole represent at least 20% and are below 40% of the total amount informed by all creditors, as per the latest information available at the Debtors Department of the financial system”.
 
We are therefore fully compliant with the Central Bank requirements relating to borrower declassifications. We also fully complied with the provisioning requirements regarding all our normal loans; that is, we had established the full 1.0% provision for normal loans, as well as the 100% provision required for loans with preferred guarantees being twenty-five months in arrears and classified as “High Risk”, “High Risk of Insolvency” and “Irrecoverable”. In addition, we believe that we have adequate provisions to cover any known losses and any losses inherent in the loan portfolio. See Note 3.4.5. to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

 The Bank stops accruing interest on a loan as soon as any scheduled payment is 90 days overdue, or earlier if the customer is classified as “Problem”, “Medium Risk”, “High Risk of Insolvency”, “High Risk”, “Irrecoverable” or “Irrecoverable for Technical Decision”. In the case of installment loans, which include mortgage loans, 15 days after the second consecutive installment is overdue, the loan is assigned to the “Problem Loans Department” and we cease to accrue interest. The “Past Due Collections Department” commences follow-up collection actions 5 days after the loan is overdue. In the case of an overdraft, the account is assigned to the Problem Loans Department after 60 days past due, and in the case of a credit card loan, after the second minimum payment is missed.



 
The following table presents our loan portfolio, before the deduction for the allowance for loan losses, using the classification system of the Central Bank in effect at the end of each fiscal year:

   
Fiscal Years Ended December 31,
 
   
2008
   
%
   
2007
   
%
   
2006
   
%
 
   
(in thousands of pesos, except percentages)
 
Loan Portfolio
                                   
Categories
                                   
Normal
    12,527,583       98.61 %     11,482,063       99.08 %     9,573,812       98.68 %
Inadequate servicing and potential risk
    65,798       0.52 %     43,901       0.38 %     47,684       0.49 %
Deficient servicing and with problem
    36,340       0.29 %     16,817       0.15 %     13,273       0.14 %
Difficult recovery and high risk of insolvency
    67,812       0.52 %     26,694       0.24 %     29,733       0.31 %
Irrecoverable
    5,820       0.05 %     18,207       0.16 %     36,041       0.37 %
Irrecoverable for technical decision
    727       0.01 %     1,260       0.01 %     827       0.01 %
Total
    12,704,080       100.00 %     11,588,942       100.00 %     9,701,370       100.00 %

By Communications “A” 4060 and “A” 4242, the Permanent Text of the Debtor Rating Regulations was amended as summarized below:
 
§ 
5% reduction in the percentage of cancellation determined for the different categories (1 to 5), in order to reclassify a debtor to a higher rating.
 
§ 
Private or Judicial Arrangements: 20% cancellation is required (previously 30%) for a debtor to be moved to Special tracking – under observation situation.
 
§ 
Modification in the conditions for preferred “A” guarantees – Credit Securities (checks / promissory notes/invoices).
 
§ 
Flexibility of percentages for the granting of “additional credit”.
 
§ 
Incorporated point 2.2.7 of the Allocations Annex, according to which the situation of a borrower who has made a refinancing with capital reduction is determined as per the difference between net debt allocations and the amount of the said reduction.
 
§ 
Communication “A” 4683 incorporated the possibility for borrowers of the Consumption and Consumption Assimilable Portfolio to be allocated a provision percentage higher than the minimum established for each situation without having to be automatically reclassified to the next category. BBVA Banco Francés has not yet made use of this possibility admitted by the regulations in force.
 

 
 
Classification of Loan Portfolio

The following table presents our consumer and commercial loan portfolio as of December 31, 2008, 2007, 2006, 2005 and 2004 under the classification system of the Central Bank, before the deduction of the allowance for loan losses:
 
   
Fiscal Years Ended December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
   
2005
   
2004
 
   
Total
   
%
   
Total
   
%
   
Total
   
%
   
Total
   
%
   
Total
   
%
 
   
(in thousands of pesos, except percentages) (1)
 
Normal (Consumer)
    4,358,063       97.19 %     3,332,574       98.29 %     2,086,773       98.06 %     1,442,324       98.09 %     936,401       96.61 %
Normal (Commercial)
    8,169,520       99.39 %     8,149,489       99.40 %     7,487,039       98.85 %     7,047,617       97.94 %     8,254,276       97.08 %
      12,527,583       98.61 %     11,482,063       99.08 %     9,573,812       98.69 %     8,489,941       97.96 %     9,190,677       97.04 %
Inadequate servicing (Consumer)
    55,071       1.23 %     26,168       0.77 %     20,138       0.95 %     8,518       0.58 %     7,576       0.78 %
Special tracking (Commercial)
    10,727       0.13 %     17,733       0.22 %     27,546       0.36 %     74,519       1.04 %     168,115       1.98 %
      65,798       0.52 %     43,901       0.38 %     47,684       0.49 %     83,037       0.96 %     175,691       1.85 %
Deficient servicing (Consumer)
    33,008       0.74 %     12,027       0.35 %     8,061       0.38 %     5,040       0.34 %     11,115       1.15 %
Problem (Commercial)
    3,332       0.04 %     4,790       0.06 %     5,212       0.07 %     6,789       0.09 %     41,003       0.48 %
      36,340       0.29 %     16,817       0.15 %     13,273       0.14 %     11,829       0.14 %     52,118       0.55 %
Difficult recovery (Consumer)
    35,076       0.78 %     837       0.02 %     6,357       0.30 %     6,395       0.43 %     4,351       0.45 %
High risk of insolvency (Commercial)
    32,736       0.40 %     25,857       0.31 %     23,376       0.31 %     61,765       0.86 %     17,614       0.21 %
      67,812       0.53 %     26,694       0.24 %     29,733       0.31 %     68,160       0.79 %     21,965       0.23 %
Irrecoverable (Consumer)
    2,362       0.05 %     17,689       0.52 %     6,158       0.29 %     8,007       0.55 %     9,696       1.00 %
Irrecoverable (Commercial)
    3,458       0.03 %     518       0.01 %     29,883       0.39 %     5,355       0.07 %     21,225       0.25 %
      5,820       0.05 %     18,207       0.16 %     36,041       0.37 %     13,362       0.15 %     30,921       0.33 %
Irrecoverable for technical decision (Consumer)
    480       0.01 %     1,260       0.05 %     827       0.04 %     121       0.01 %     132       0.01 %
Irrecoverable for technical decision (Commercial)
    247       0.01 %                                                
      727       0.01 %     1,260       0.01 %     827       0.01 %     121             132        
Total consumer loans
    4,484,060       100.00 %     3,390,555       100.00 %     2,128,314       100.00 %     1,470,405       100.00 %     969,271       100.00 %
Total commercial loans
    8,220,020       100.00 %     8,198,387       100.00 %     7,573,056       100.00 %     7,196,045       100.00 %     8,502,233       100.00 %
Total
    12,704,080       100.00 %     11,588,942       100.00 %     9,701,370       100.00 %     8,666,450       100.00 %     9,471,504       100.00 %

(1) 
Percentages for each category are of total consumer, commercial or total loans, as the context requires.
 
 
 
 
Non-performing and Restructured Loans

Applying the Central Bank’s loan classification criteria described above, the following table analyzes at each of the dates indicated below our gross non-performing and restructured loan portfolio, and further breaks down the total into loans with preferred guarantees and those which are unsecured:
 
   
Fiscal Years Ended December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
   
2005
   
2004
 
   
(in thousands of pesos)
 
Non-performing loans (1)
    110,699       62,978       79,874       93,472       105,136  
Total
    110,699       62,978       79,874       93,472       105,136  
                                         
With preferred guarantees
    10,408       3,900       3,777       7,008       16,179  
Unsecured
    100,291       59,078       76,097       86,464       88,957  
Total
    110,699       62,978       79,874       93,472       105,136  

(1)
Non-performing loans includes all loans to borrowers classified as “Medim Risk”, “Problem”, “High Risk”, “High Risk of Insolvency”, “Irrecoverable” and “Irrecoverable for Technical Decision” under the Central Bank loan classification system. Non-performing loans also include all loans contractually past due 90 days loans or more. At December 31, 2008, 2007, 2006, 2005 and 2004 non-performing loans include Ps.93,573, Ps.57,439 thousand, Ps.74,848 thousand, Ps.81,965 thousand and Ps.91,819 thousand respectively, of non-accrual loans.
 
 

 
The table below sets forth non-performing loans by economic activity as of each of the dates indicated:
 
   
Fiscal Years Ended December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
   
2005
   
2004
 
   
Total
   
%
   
Total
   
%
   
Total
   
%
   
Total
   
%
   
Total
   
%
 
   
(in thousands of pesos, except percentages) (1)
 
Agricultural and livestock
    156       0.14 %     20       0.03 %     412       0.52 %     20       0.02 %     15       0.01 %
Beverage
                            5       0.01 %     1                    
Construction
    1,980       1.79 %     774       1.23 %     436       0.55 %     1,778       1.90 %     2,506       2.38 %
Consumer
    34,780       31.42 %     12,264       19.47 %     6,339       7.94 %     14,423       15.43 %     6,957       6.62 %
Electrical machinery
                1             2                         5        
Foodstuff
    35       0.03 %     26       0.04 %     6       0.01 %     1             1        
Industrial metals
    1             5       0.01 %                                    
Leather and fur products
    2                                                 1        
Mining products
                1                                     6       0.01 %
Oil and carbon
                                        221       0.24 %            
Others
    54,024       48.80 %     39,637       62.94 %     67,205       84.12 %     61,268       65.54 %     87,930       83.63 %
Other manufacturing
                                                    7,671       7.30 %
Printer, publishers and related industries
                            1                         1        
Rubber products
                4       0.01 %                             1        
Retail trade
    13,294       12.01 %     7,526       11.95 %     3,711       4.65 %     13,142       14.06 %     6       0.01 %
Services
    37       0.03 %     23       0.04 %     19       0.02 %                 14       0.01 %
Textile
    9       0.01 %     1             1                                
Transportation material
    4                                     1                    
Wholesale trade
    6,377       5.77 %     2,696       4.29 %     1,737       2.18 %     2,614       2.81 %     22       0.03 %
Wood products and cork
                                        3                    
Total
    110,699       100.00 %     62,978       100.00 %     79,874       100.00 %     93,472       100.00 %     105,136       100.00 %

As of December 31, 2008, the majority of our loan portfolio, and non-performing and restructured loan portfolio, consisted of loans to Argentine borrowers. At that date, approximately Ps.24.9 million or 0.22% of our total loan portfolio, consisted of loans to foreign borrowers.
 
Gross interest income that would have been recorded on non-performing loans during the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007, 2006, 2005 and 2004 amounted to Ps.56.9 million, Ps.54.2 million, Ps.56.1 million, Ps.57.8 million and Ps.59.4 million, respectively.
 
 
 
 
Analysis of the Allowance for Loan Losses

The table below sets forth the activity in the allowance for loan losses for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007, 2006, 2005 and 2004 and 2003. See Note 19.6. to the Consolidated Financial Statements. In conformity with Central Bank requirements, we charge-off non-performing loans when we believe that recovery is unlikely and in any event no later than seven months after a loan has been classified as “irrecoverable” without preferred guarantees. We continue to try to collect all amounts past due, even if they have been charged-off, if we believe that the likelihood of collecting such amounts justifies the commitment of resources to do so.
 
   
Fiscal Years Ended December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
   
2005
   
2004
 
   
(in thousands of pesos, except percentages)
 
Balance at the beginning of the year
    198,728       167,097       184,885       202,693       459,573  
Provisions for loan losses
    38,124       61,985       69,799       114,220       62,509  
Charge-offs (1)
    (40,363 )     (30,354 )     (87,587 )     (132,028 )     (319,389 )
Advances
    (1,767 )     (10,311 )     (3,513 )     (18,136 )     (10,545 )
Consumer
    (14,658 )           (4,543 )     (39,081 )     (30,182 )
Notes discounted and purchased
    (4,499 )     (8,239 )     (8,711 )     (17,418 )     (159 )
Other
    (19,439 )     (11,804 )     (70,820 )     (57,393 )     (278,503 )
Balance at the end of year
    196,489       198,728       167,097       184,885       202,693  
Net charge-off / average loans
    0.34 %     0.29 %     0.97 %     1.49 %     3.63 %

(1)
Charge-offs are not concentrated in any particular economic activity. Our management estimates that of the Ps.40.4 million charged-off in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008, Ps.18.6 million, or 46.06% were related to corporate borrowers and Ps.21.8 million, or 53.94% were related to individual consumers. Of the Ps.30.6 million charged-off in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, Ps.21.0 million, or 69.04% were related to corporate borrowers and Ps.9.4 million, or 30.96% were related to individual consumers. Of the Ps.87.6 million charged-off in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006, Ps.69.1 million, or 78.90% were related to corporate borrowers and Ps.18.5 million, or 21.10% were related to individual consumers. Of the Ps.132.0 million charged-off in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005, Ps.111.7 million, or 84.64% were related to corporate borrowers and Ps.20.3 million, or 15.36% were related to individual consumers. Of the Ps.319.4 million charged-off in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004, Ps.281.4 million, or 88.09% were related to corporate borrowers and Ps.38.0 million, or 11.91% were related to individual consumers. Charge-offs include reversal and applications.

Allocation of the Allowance for Loan Losses

The following table allocates the allowance for loan losses and sets forth the percentage distribution by each category of loans in the total loan portfolio (principals only) for each of the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007, 2006, 2005 and 2004.
 
   
Fiscal Years Ended December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
   
2005
   
2004
 
   
Total
   
%
   
Total
   
%
   
Total
   
%
   
Total
   
%
   
Total
   
%
 
   
(in thousands of pesos, except percentages)
 
Advances
    17,131       12.74 %     20,158       13.06 %     19,947       19.02 %     11,550       11.24 %     14,707       2.90 %
Notes discounted and purchased
    15,194       11.19 %     22,295       14.09 %     12,359       10.27 %     7,393       8.60 %     3,478       2.67 %
Secured with mortgages
    10,975       8.53 %     12,877       7.60 %     8,081       5.96 %     7,082       6.05 %     13,310       4.27 %
Chattel mortgage
    7,015       4.61 %     3,648       2.49 %     1,403       0.13 %     760       0.93 %     474       0.28 %
Consumers loans
    75,869       27.90 %     51,387       21.07 %     23,296       15.73 %     14,664       11.49 %     10,343       4.64 %
Financial Loans
    8,909       4.98 %     9,819       4.98 %     5,188       5.33 %     1,691       2.10 %     5       1.79 %
Other loans to governmental sector
          8.67 %           10.45 %           14.18 %     49,324       38.67 %     80,729       73.14 %
Other
    61,396       21.38 %     78,544       26.26 %     96,823       29.38 %     92,421       20.92 %     79,647       10.31 %
Total
    196,489       100.00 %     198,728       100.00 %     167,097       100.00 %     184,885       100.00 %     202,693       100.00 %
 
 
 
Composition of Deposits

The following table sets out the composition of each category of deposits that exceeded 10% of average total deposits in each of the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006.
 
   
Fiscal Year ended December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
   
(in thousands of pesos)
 
Deposits in domestic Bank’s offices
                 
Non-interest-bearing demand deposits
                 
Average
                 
Pesos
    2,932,651       2,547,283       2,094,140  
Dollars
    57,159       43,736       24,537  
Total
    2,989,810       2,591,019       2,118,677  
Saving accounts
                       
Average
                       
Pesos
    3,242,023       2,790,939       2,342,303  
Dollars
    1,190,844       917,098       772,591  
Total
    4,432,867       3,708,037       3,114,894  
Average real rate
                       
Pesos
    (8.02 )%     (12.52 )%     (6.52 )%
Dollars
    0.65 %     (10.32 )%     (5.45 )%
Total
    (5.69 )%     (11.98 )%     (6.26 )%
Time deposits
                       
Average
                       
Pesos
    5,732,426       5,897,520       5,112,665  
Dollars
    1,359,527       1,062,937       737,069  
Total
    7,091,953       6,960,457       5,849,734  
Average real rate
                       
Pesos
    3.02 %     (4.92 )%     1.08 %
Dollars
    3.11 %     (8.43 )%     (3.97 )%
Total
    3.03 %     (5.46 )%     0.44 %

Maturity of Deposits at December 31, 2008

The following table sets forth information regarding the maturity of our deposits at December 31, 2008.
 
   
Maturing,
 
   
Total
   
Within 3
months
   
After 3 but
within 6 months
   
After 6 but
within 12
months
   
After 12 months
 
   
(in thousands of pesos)
 
Checking
    4,696,325       4,696,325                    
Savings
    4,664,305       4,664,305                    
Time deposits
    7,346,613       6,895,625       365,279       83,637       2,072  
Investment accounts
    10,322       6,661       3,625       36        
Other
    361,638       324,683       20,522       16,433        
Total
    17,079,203       16,587,599       389,426       100,106       2,072  


 
 
The following table sets forth information regarding the maturity of our time deposits and investment accounts in denominations of Ps.100,000 or more at December 31, 2008.
 
   
Maturing,
 
   
Total
   
Within 3
months
   
After 3 but
within 6 months
   
After 6 but
within 12
months
   
After 12 months
 
   
(in thousands of pesos)
 
Domestic offices
    4,771,463       4,480,201       230,759       59,632       871  
Total
    4,771,463       4,480,201       230,759       59,632       871  

Short-Term Borrowings

Our short-term borrowings totaled approximately Ps.3.0 billion, Ps.1.7 billion and Ps.1.3 billion for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The table below shows those amounts at the end of each fiscal year.
 
   
At December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
   
Amount
   
Average
Annualized
Rate
   
Amount
   
Average
Annualized
Rate
   
Amount
   
Average
Annualized
Rate
 
   
(in thousands of pesos, except percentages)
 
                                     
Total amount outstanding at the end of the reported period
    3,003,372             1,656,030             1,318,273        
Average during year
    2,110,645       5.0 %     1,429,466       5.5 %     1,142,756       6.7 %
Maximum month-end balance
    3,003,372             1,656,030             1,318,273        

THE ARGENTINE BANKING SYSTEM AND ITS REGULATORY FRAMEWORK

Argentine Banking System

On December 31, 2008, Argentina’s banking system consisted of 67 commercial banks, of which 12 were government-owned or government-related banks and 55 were privately owned banks. The principal regulators of financial institutions in Argentina are the Central Bank, the Superintendencia de Entidades Financieras y Cambiarias (the Superintendency of Financial Institutions and Exchanges, referred to as the “Superintendency”) and, in the case of financial institutions that publicly offer their own securities in Argentina or otherwise engage in the offering or trading of third parties’ securities in Argentina, the CNV.
 
Private Sector Banks

According to information published by the Central Bank, on December 31, 2008, the largest privately owned locally based commercial banks, in terms of total assets, were the following: Banco Santander Río, BBVA Banco Francés, Banco de Galicia y Buenos Aires S.A., Banco Macro Bansud S.A. and HSBC Bank Argentina. Some of these banks, including BBVA Banco Francés, have one or more significant foreign investors. Similarly, private financial institutions accounted for approximately 57.39% of deposits and approximately 63.78% of gross loans in the Argentine financial system. In addition, the ten largest private financial institutions accounted for 44.49% of all deposits and 49.07% of all loans in the Argentine financial system. The largest foreign banks at such date was Citibank. Foreign banks compete under the same regulatory conditions as Argentine banks.
 
Public Sector Banks

The principal state owned banks are: Banco Nación, Banco de la Provincia de Buenos Aires and Banco Ciudad de Buenos Aires. As of December 31, 2008, based on the available data of the Central Bank, such entities accounted for approximately 37.50% of deposits and approximately 28.11% of gross loans in the Argentine banking system.
 
Under the provisions of the Argentine financial institutions Law No. 21,526 (the “Financial Institutions Law”), government owned or government-related banks and private banks have comparable rights and obligations except that the former have the sole right and obligation to handle public revenues and promote regional development. Government-owned banks are required to meet the credit needs of public sector entities. Moreover, the by-laws of some government-owned banks, which include federal, provincial and locally owned banks, require that the principalities which own them guarantee their commitments.
 
 
 
 
Central Bank

The Financial Institutions Law regulates banking activities in Argentina and places the supervision and control of the Argentine banking system in the hands of the Central Bank, an autonomous institution. The Financial Institutions Law provides the Central Bank with broad access to the accounting systems, books, correspondence, documents and other papers of banking institutions. The Central Bank regulates the provision of credit and supervises the liquidity and the general operation of the Argentine financial markets. The Central Bank enforces the Financial Institutions Law and authorizes banks to operate in Argentina. This law distinguishes between public and private financial institutions. It was amended in February 1994 to eliminate the previous distinctions between locally owned and foreign owned private financial institutions. The Central Bank does not have the authority to supervise the liquidation of financial institutions.
 
The Central Bank establishes “technical ratios” to limit the levels of indebtedness, liquidity, maximum credit that may be granted per customer and foreign exchange assets and liabilities positions, among others. The Central Bank carries out formal inspections from time to time of all banking institutions to monitor their compliance with legal and regulatory requirements. Since September 1994, the Central Bank has supervised banks on a consolidated basis. During 1997, the Central Bank organized a supervision department of internal and external auditors of financial institutions that evaluate performance comprehensively in internal audit areas as well as firms and professionals working as external audit of financial institutions. See “Information on the Company—The Argentine Banking System and its Regulatory Framework—BASIC System” below. If a bank does not comply with the technical ratios, it must explain such noncompliance to the Central Bank. There are specific regulations governing reinstatement plans and other measures arising from the failure of these plans. Furthermore, the Central Bank has the power to impose sanctions for noncompliance, which vary from a strong reprimand to revocation of banking licenses.
 
The Central Bank requires banks to submit information to it on a daily, monthly, quarterly, semiannual and annual basis. These reports contain, among other important information, balance sheets and income statements, information relating to reserve funds, use of deposits and indicators on portfolio quality, including details on principal debtors and any loan-loss provisions established. The reports are designed to allow the Central Bank to monitor the banks’ business practices. If the Central Bank’s rules are breached, various sanctions may be imposed depending on the gravity of the violation, ranging from calling attention to the infraction to the imposition of fines or even the revocation of a bank’s operating license. Moreover, noncompliance with certain rules may result in the obligatory presentation to the Central Bank of specific capital adequacy or regularization plans. These plans must be approved by the Central Bank for a bank to maintain its license.
 
On January 23, 2002 the Congress amended the charter of the Central Bank, eliminating certain restrictions on the Central Bank’s ability to provide financial assistance to financial institutions with liquidity constraints. On February 4, 2002, by virtue of Decree No. 214/02 the Central Bank was also allowed until December 2003 to grant financial assistance to financial institutions whose solvency had been affected. Before these measures, the Central Bank had limitations on its ability to make loans or otherwise extend financial assistance to banks with financial difficulties. Primarily, such assistance could not be granted, other than in exceptional circumstances, for more than 30 days or if it would affect the Central Bank’s foreign currency reserves.
 
On September 5, 2003, Law No. 25,780 was enacted, which introduced amendments to the Financial Institutions Law Corporate and the Central Bank charter. Among the most significant of such modifications we may mention the following:
 
§ 
Except by express provision to the contrary established by-law, the Central Bank will not be affected by any regulations of a general character which may have been or shall have been enacted with reference to Public Administration bodies and which may introduce limitations to the authority or powers of the Central Bank as set forth in its own Charter.
 
§ 
The Central Bank is empowered to make temporary advances to the Government up to an amount equivalent to 12% of the monetary base, which for this purpose includes amounts constituted by the monetary circulation plus the sight deposits of the financial institutions with the Central Bank, in current account or in special accounts. It may also grant advances up to an amount not exceeding 10% of the cash resources obtained by the Government in the past twelve months. At no time may the amount granted as temporary advances, excluding those exclusively allocated to the payment of obligations with the multilateral credit institutions, exceed 12% of the monetary base. All advances so granted must be reimbursed within the next twelve months; should any of these advances remain unpaid after its due date, it will not be possible to use these powers again until all owed amounts shall have been reimbursed.
 
§ 
The provisions of Decree No. 1131/01 are abrogated, and the validity of Articles 44, 46 paragraph (c), 47 and 48 of the Central Bank Charter, regarding the powers and authority of the Superintendency of Financial and Foreign Exchange Entities, is reestablished in terms of the text approved as Article 1 of Law No. 24,144.
 
 
 
 
§ 
A temporary regulation was introduced, applicable until December 2005, authorizing the Central Bank to: (i) provide assistance to financial institutions with liquidity and/or solvency problems, including those undergoing restructuring by resolution of the Central Bank in terms of Article 35 bis of the Financial Institutions Law; and (ii) authorize the integration of the reserve requirements for financial institutions with financial assets other than cash, in the form of sight deposits with the Central Bank or in foreign currency accounts as per Art. 28 of the Central Bank Charter.
 
§ 
Decree No. 1599/05, modified the Law No. 23,928: by allowing reserves exceeding 100% of the monetary base may be allocated to the payment of obligations assumed with international financial entities.
 
Supervision on a Consolidated Basis

According to Communication “A” 2227 dated July 15, 1994 and its amendments and correlative provisions, since 1994 the Argentine financial entities are subject to supervision in consolidated form by the Central Bank (irrespective of the observance on an individual basis of the regulations applicable thereto). In other words, the financial statements and other information regarding them must reflect the transactions of their head office as well as those of their branches in the country and abroad, and those of any local and foreign “significant subsidiaries”. Consequently, the requirements as to liquidity, solvency, minimum capital, risk concentration, and provisions for loan losses, among others, must be calculated on a consolidated basis.
 
From the above-mentioned communication it is clear that the financial institutions must submit certain information to the Central Bank, including the following:
 
§ 
Financial statements and other quarterly and annual reports reflecting in consolidated form the transactions of the financial entity, its local and foreign branches, and its local and foreign “significant subsidiaries” (as defined below); and
 
§ 
Financial statements and other quarterly and annual reports reflecting in consolidated form the transactions of the financial entity, its local and foreign branches, its local and foreign “significant subsidiaries” (as defined below), or entities or companies in the country and abroad where the financial entity has possession or control over more than 12.5% of the shares entitled to vote, in those cases determined by the Superintendency of Financial and Foreign Exchange Institutions, and those companies not subject to consolidated supervision which the financial entity may have chosen to include with the prior approval of the Superintendency of Financial and Foreign Exchange Institutions.
 
For the purposes of these regulations:

§ 
A “subsidiary” of a local financial entity is any local or foreign financial entity or company in any of the following positions:
 
(1) 
The local financial entity has direct or indirect control of more than 50% of the total votes of any instrument with voting rights in such entity or company,

(2) 
The local financial entity has direct or indirect control as to determining by itself the composition of most of the management bodies of such entity or company,

(3) 
A majority of the directors of the local financial entity is also a majority of the directors of such entity or company.

The possession or control by the financial entity is considered indirect if exercised through another legal person, its controlling shareholders or directors appointed by such controlling shareholders or persons linked to them, in control of more than 50% –measured as a whole– of the total votes of any instrument with voting rights in another entity or company. Also considered indirect is any other form of control or interest where, in the opinion of the Superintendency of Financial and Foreign Exchange Institutions, and even if the shareholders’ interest does not exceed 50%, a situation of control, and therefore the subsidiary character of an entity or company is configured or can be inferred from the evidence collected.
 
§ 
A “significant subsidiary” is any subsidiary:
 
(1) 
Whose assets, possible commitments and other transactions recorded in memorandum accounts represent 10% or more of the Computable Net Worth of the local financial entity and its subsidiaries abroad; or

(2) 
Whose results of operations corresponding to the current fiscal year represent 10% or more of the results of operations for the current fiscal year of the local financial entity and its subsidiaries abroad.
 
 
 
 
Legal Reserve

The Central Bank requires that on an annual basis banks allocate a certain percentage of their net income, set by the Central Bank, to a legal reserve, which is currently set at 20%. This reserve can only be used during periods in which a bank has incurred losses and has exhausted all unappropriated retained earnings and other reserves on profit. Banks may not pay dividends if the legal reserve has been impaired. However, as from April 24, 2006 the Central Bank has established by Communication “A” 4526 that whenever the Legal Reserve is used to absorb losses, profits could be distributed if the balance prior to absorption were greater than 20% of the corporate capital plus capital adjustment, once this last amount is achieved.
 
Reserve Requirements and Liquidity Requirements

The minimum cash system determines what portion of their deposits or obligations the entities must keep available, that is to say, not as part of their lending capacity. The minimum cash requirement is calculated on the monthly average of daily balances for comprised obligations as recorded at the close of each calendar month, and must be observed separately for each currency of denomination of the comprised obligations. Compliance must take place in the same currency of the requirement, making use of one of the following:
 
 
(i) 
Cash held in treasury, in custody at other banks, in transit and in value carriers. This item cannot exceed 67% calculated on total items included. Temporarily, as from December 2008, the calculation includes 100% of them;
     
 
(ii) 
Current accounts in Pesos, special guarantee accounts and accounts in connection with the attention of pension benefits, of the financial entities with the Central Bank;
     
 
(iii) 
Minimum cash accounts of the financial entities with the Central Bank, denominated in U.S. dollars or other foreign currencies;
     
 
(iv) 
Minimum cash account of public securities and instruments issued by the Central Bank, at market value and of the same type; and
     
 
(v) 
Current accounts of non banking financial institutions.
 
Minimum daily cash: on no day of the month, as of the close of each day, may the sum of the balances admitted for integration as mentioned in (ii) and (iii) above be less than 50% of the total minimum cash required deposits consisting of public securities and debt instruments issued by the BCRA will not be taken into account for purposes of the calculation of the minimum daily cash requirement, as determined for the immediately preceding month, or less than 70% if the immediately preceding calculation period showed a monthly average deficiency exceeding the admitted margin to be transported.
 
The balances maintained on accounts opened with the Central Bank as eligible for minimum cash integration are remunerated up to those amounts corresponding to legal requirements, that is to say, no remuneration applies for any excess reserves. Commencing on April 2006 and according to Communication “A” 4509 of the Central Bank, the accounts mentioned above will only be remunerated up to the amounts set forth for term transactions. Therefore, no interest will be acknowledged for the payment of the pertinent sight deposits and obligations.
 
Pursuant to Communication “A” 4147 of May 28, 2004 and in effect as of June 1, 2004, the Central Bank set forth the application of different requirements for deposits in pesos as opposed to foreign currencies. In addition, the requirements applicable to deposits in pesos were reduced and as of August 2004 an increase in requirements for deposits in foreign currency took effect.
 
The following table discloses the minimum cash requirements with respect to each type of account in force since September 1, 2008:
 
 
 

Type of Account
 
From
Sep-2008
   
From
Nov-2008
 
Current accounts (except deposits and other demand obligations in pesos, whose return exceeds 15% BADLAR rate of private financial institutions’ average) and sight accounts open in Credit Unions (1)
    19 %     19 %
Other demand deposits and basic account (2)
               
In pesos
    19 %     19 %
In foreign currency
    30 %     20 %
Savings accounts
               
In pesos
    19 %     19 %
In foreign currency
    30 %     20 %
Unused balances from current account advances effected
    19 %     19 %
Current accounts of financial institutions (3)
    100 %     100 %
Fixed-term deposits, bonds for acceptances (including liabilities for the sale or assignment of credits to subjects other than financial institutions), reverse repurchases, bonds and stock-exchange reverse swaps, investments at constant term, with advanced cancellation or renewal option (4):
               
In pesos
               
Up to 29 days
    14 %     14 %
From 30 to 59 days
    11 %     11 %
From 60 to 89 days
    7 %     7 %
From 90 to 179 days
    2 %     2 %
From 180 to 365 days
    0 %     0 %
In foreign currency
               
Up to 29 days
    35 %     20 %
From 30 to 59 days
    28 %     15 %
From 60 to 89 days
    20 %     10 %
From 90 to 179 days
    10 %     5 %
From 180 to 365 days
    6 %     2 %
More than 365 days
    0 %     0 %
Bonds for foreign financial lines
    0 %     0 %
Debt securities (including corporate bonds)
               
a) Debt issued as of January 1, 2002, including those from restructured bonds, as per their residual term:
               
In pesos
               
Up to 29 days
    14 %     14 %
From 30 to 59
    11 %     11 %
From 60 to 89 days
    7 %     7 %
From 90 to 179 days
    2 %     2 %
From 180 to 365 days
    0 %     0 %
In foreign currency
               
Up to 29 days
    35 %     20 %
From 30 to 59
    28 %     15 %
From 60 to 89 days
    20 %     10 %
From 90 to 179 days
    10 %     5 %
From 180 to 365 days
    6 %     2 %
More than 365 days
    0 %     0 %
b) Others
    0 %     0 %
Bonds with the Trust Fund for Assistance to Financial and Insurance Institutions
    0 %     0 %
Sight and term deposits made by judicial order with funds originated in legal actions currently under course and their immobilized balances
               
In pesos
    10 %     10 %
In foreign currency
    15 %     10 %
Mutual Funds deposits (except mutual funds sight deposits made accordingly CNV rules)
               
In pesos
    19 %     19 %
In foreign currency
    40 %     20 %
Special deposits related to funds revenues from abroad – Decree No. 616/05
    100 %     100 %
Deposits and other demand obligations in pesos, whose return exceeds 15% BADLAR rate of private financial institutions’ average (5)
    100 %     100 %
Term investments instrumented by nominative non-transferable certificates in pesos corresponding to public sector security holders, entitled to exercise the prepayment option within a term not greater than 30 days after constitution thereof. (6)
    16 %     16 %

(1) 
In accordance with the Communication “A” 4712.
(2) 
In accordance with the Communication “A” 4809.
(3) 
Computable for payment of their Minimum Required Reserves.
(4) 
Except, term deposits made by judicial order with funds originated in legal actions currently under course and their immobilized balances, mutual funds term deposits, special deposits related to funds revenues from abroad (Decree No. 616/05) and term investments instrumented by nominative non-transferable certificates in pesos.
(5) 
In accordance with the Communication “A” 4670.
(6) 
In accordance with the Communication “A” 4754.
 
 
 
 
In addition to the above mentioned requirements, the following requirements must be observed:
 
§ 
100% reserve for any defect in the application of resources in foreign currency for the month in respect to which the calculation of the minimum cash requirement is made. See “Information on the Company—The Argentine Banking System and its Regulatory Framework—Lending Capacity Provided by Deposits in Foreign Currency”.
 
Lending Capacity Provided by Deposits in Foreign Currency

According to Communication “A” 3528 and complementary communications of the Central Bank, the lending capacity provided by deposits denominated in foreign currency must be applied in the denomination of the currency of the deposits. This includes those deposits denominated in dollars and payable in pesos and applies to the following purposes:
 
(1) 
Prefinancing and financing of exports, carried out directly or through agents, consignees or other proxies acting for the account and order of the owner of the goods. It also comprises operations to finance suppliers of services to be directly exported. This comprises those operations for the purpose of financing working capital and/or the acquisition of objects related to the production of goods to be exported, provided the flow of income in foreign currency deriving from such exports is sufficient to settle such transactions.
 
(2) 
Financing transactions granted to goods, producers or processors, provided they have firm sale contracts for the goods to be produced for an exporter, with prices fixed or to be fixed in a foreign currency (regardless of the currency in which the transaction is settled) and involving fungible goods with a regular and customary quotation in foreign currency which is widely known and easily accessed by the public in local or international markets. In all cases of term purchase and sale agreements for a price to be fixed, such price must be in direct relation with the price of such products in local markets. It also comprises transactions to finance suppliers of services directly used in the process of exporting goods.
 
(3) 
Financing transactions for producers of goods to be exported, either in the same condition or as part of other goods, by third-party purchasers, provided they have total pledges or guarantees in foreign currency from such third parties.
 
(4) 
Financing of investment projects, working capital and/or the acquisition of any kind of goods, including temporary importation of commodities, which may increase or be related to the production of goods for exportation. Even though income from exporter companies does not totally derive from sales abroad, financing may only be allocated if the income flow deriving from exportation is sufficient. It comprises those transactions where financing is granted via the Bank’s participation in “syndicated loans”, be they with local or foreign entities (in force as from September 23, 2005 as per Central Bank Communication “A” 4423).
 
(5) 
Financing to clients from the commercial portfolio and of a commercial nature who receive treatment for their consumption or housing credits –under the provisions of the “Debtors’ Classification” regulations–destined for the importation of capital goods (“BK” according to the Common Nomenclator for the MERCOSUR attached as Annex I to Decree No. 690/02 and other complementary provisions) which will result in an increase in the production of goods destined for domestic consumption. In order to grant such financing, the financial entities must verify that their clients have sufficient paying capacity considering at least two scenarios which contemplate significant exchange rate variations within a term of up to one year and which, in either case, exceed the latest estimate available resulting from the “Market Expectations Survey” published by this institution (in force since December 9, 2005 under Central Bank Communication “A” 4453).
 
(6) 
Debt securities or certificates of participation in financial trusts -including other collection rights specifically acknowledged in the trust agreement to be constituted within the framework “IDB Loan Nº 1192/OC-AR“- whose assets under management are loans originated by financial entities under the terms described in points (1) through (3) above.
 
(7) 
Debt securities or certificates of participation in financial trusts, issued in foreign currency and with public offer authorized by the CNV, whose assets under management are documents guaranteed by mutual guarantee companies or by provincial funds created for the same purpose, and admitted by the Central Bank, acquired by the trustee for the purpose of financing transactions under the terms and conditions described in points (1) through (3) above.
 
(8) 
Financing transactions for purposes other than those mentioned in point 6 above, included in the credit program to which the IDB loan makes reference as mentioned in the fourth point above, without exceeding 10% of the lending capacity.
 
(9) 
Interfinancing loans (any interfinancing loans granted with such resources must be identified).
 
 
 
 
(10) 
Central Bank bills in U.S. dollars acquired by bidding or secondary negotiation (such application must be as a minimum equivalent to the amount of deposits in U.S. dollars payable in pesos) ceased to be effective on July 29, 2005 according to Communication “A” 4395 of the Banco Central.
 
The lending capacity will result from the sum of all deposits in foreign currency plus all inter-financial loans received originated in the lending capacity for this type of deposit, after deduction of the minimum reserve requirements applicable to deposits.
 
Any deficiencies in the application of foreign currency lending capacity, net of a portion of: (i) cash balances, (ii) cash under custody in other financial entities, (iii) cash in transit and (iv) cash with armored car transport companies (not computed as integration of the minimum cash exigency for application of the exist limit), requires an equivalent increase in the minimum cash requirement.
 
Effective as of May 15, 2004 and in terms of Communication “A” 4140, the Central Bank canceled the possibility of taking fixed-term deposits in U.S. dollars payable in pesos as mentioned in the first paragraph, the provisions contemplated for this type of deposits will remain valid until expiration of those in existence. As of December 31, 2004, the Bank does not maintain any deposits of this type.
 
Reporting Requirements

On September 26, 1995, the Central Bank issued Communication “A” 2374, later restated by the Communication “A” 2879 and amendments. It complements the regulations designed to limit the liquidity risk that financial institutions in Argentina assume. Under this regulation, beginning in April 1996, banks have to draw up monthly reports on cash flow, detailing the following:
 
§ 
Contractual cash flow of assets and liabilities,
 
§ 
Current cash flow to renew assets and liabilities,
 
§ 
Cash flow designed to prevent illiquidity of the bank, and
 
§ 
Cash flow designed to anticipate illiquidity in the financial system, both with and without compliance with minimum requirements.
 
Financial institutions also have to adopt management and control policies to assure reasonable levels of liquidity to effectively manage the different potential scenarios which may affect deposits and other financial obligations. These policies must establish procedures to evaluate and sufficiently anticipate the liquidity of the institutions in the context of the market so as to revise projections, adopt measures to eliminate liquidity problems and obtain funds on market terms sufficient to maintain a prudent level of assets over the long term. These policies must also address:
 
§ 
The concentration of assets and liabilities in particular clients;
 
§ 
The general economic situation, probable trends and the impact on available credit; and
 
§ 
The ability to obtain funds through the sale of public debt instruments and/or liquid assets.
 
Furthermore, Communication “A” 2374 requires financial institutions to establish a “daily tracking” of its liquidity and of the market, calling for the participation of and coordination with the highest level management of the institution. Additionally, financial institutions must appoint one member of the board of directors to be informed at least weekly of the changes in the liquidity condition of the institutions and the market which may require new strategies to protect the liquidity of the institution. Communication “A” 3465 of the Central Bank dated February 7, 2002 suspended the implementation of this scheme from December 2001 and in 2006, the Central Bank, by Communication “A” 4482, decided to leave without effect the application of said informative regime.
 
Limitations on Types of Business

Argentine commercial banks may conduct all activities and operations that are not specifically prohibited by law or by regulations of the Central Bank, banks are permitted, among other things, to:
 
§ 
Make loans in pesos and foreign currency,
 
§ 
Receive deposits in pesos and foreign currency,
 
 
 
 
§ 
Issue guarantees,
 
§ 
Underwrite, place and broker equity and debt securities in the over-the-counter market, subject to the prior approval of the CNV,
 
§ 
Conduct transactions in foreign currency,
 
§ 
Act as fiduciary, and
 
§ 
Issue credit cards.
 
According to the Financial Institutions Law, banks in Argentina are prohibited from investing in commercial, industrial or agricultural entities, or other entities without the express authorization of the Central Bank. The Central Bank may then impose conditions and limits to guarantee the safety and soundness of the financial institutions.
 
These limitations include:
 
§ 
The prohibition of a bank from pledging its shares,
 
§ 
Restriction on incurring any liens upon its properties without prior approval from the Central Bank, and
 
§ 
Limitations on transactions with directors or officers, including any company or person related to such directors or officers, on terms more favorable than those normally provided to clients. See “Information on the Company—The Argentine Banking System and its Regulatory Framework—Lending and Investment Limits—Related Persons” below in this section.
 
Notwithstanding the foregoing, banks may own shares in other financial institutions with prior approval of the Central Bank and in public service companies if necessary to obtain those services.
 
Capital Adequacy Requirements

Basel Accord
 
In July 1988, the Basel Committee on Banking Regulations and Supervisory Practices (the “Basel Committee”), which includes the supervisory authorities of twelve major industrial countries, adopted an international framework (the “Basel Accord”) for capital measurement and capital standards of banking institutions. The Basel Accord established a risk asset ratio as the principal measure of capital adequacy. The framework provides:
 
§ 
Definitions for Tier I (core) capital (“Tier I Capital”) and Tier II (supplemental) capital (“Tier II Capital”),
 
§ 
A system for weighing assets and off-balance sheet items according to credit risk (this weighted total referred to as the “Basel Risk Weighted Assets”), and
 
§ 
As of the end of 1992, a requirement that banks engaged in international operations maintain
 
(1) 
Tier I Capital at least equal to 4.0% of Basel Risk Weighted Assets; and
(2) 
“Total Capital”, equal to Tier I Capital plus up to an equal amount of Tier II Capital, at least equal to 8.0% of Basel Risk Weighted Assets.

These requirements, subject to certain transition rules which effectively reduce the amount of capital required in the first two years, went into effect at the end of 1990. If the Basel Accord had been applied to us at December 31, 2008, our Total Capital would have been approximately 2.48 times the minimum required.
 
In June 2004 the Basel Banking Supervision Committee published the “International convergence of capital measures and rules. Revised framework” document (“Basel II” or the “New Framework”), which establishes new criteria for determining the regulatory capital of financial entities. The new Framework has an integral vision for the treatment of risks assumed by the entities and at the same time offers greater flexibility with a variety of approaches for measuring regulatory capital. Basel II is structured into three Tiers, the first referred to minimum capital requirements and the second to the supervisor’s revision process and the third deals with market discipline.
 
 
 
 
With respect to the minimum capital requirements of Tier I, the Central Bank has adopted the Simplified Standardized Approach for credit risk, which will become effective as of January 2010. As mentioned in its publication “Route sheet for implementing Basel II”, the Central Bank considers that such approach will not imply major modifications or variations in the calculation, or in the global capital requirement for financial entities. As far as the capital requirement for Operational Risk is concerned, the Central Bank deems it convenient to continue analyzing the available measuring alternatives in order to identify the one that can be best applied –in its own view- to the local financial system; in spite of which it will encourage the adoption of good practices regarding the administration of this risk. In addition, the Central Bank will maintain the scheme for calculating the capital requirement for market risk, which is in line with the provisions set forth by the Basel Committee in 1996, in respect of which no amendments were introduced by Basel II, as well as the capital requirement for interest rate risk, which is incorporated by Basel II within the risks to be quantified in Tier II. The Central Bank also foresees the adoption of measures to fully implement Tiers II and III of the New Framework, on a gradual basis and prior to the full enforcement of the capital requirements contained in Tier I, as established by the good practices suggested by the Basel Committee for a healthy implementation of the New Framework.
 
Central Bank Rules
 
Under the Financial Institutions Law, Argentine financial institutions must comply at all times with the minimum capital requirements described by the Central Bank. In July 1991, the Central Bank amended its minimum capital adequacy rules to follow those recommended by the Basel Committee more closely. However, the Central Bank’s capital adequacy rules remain stricter than the Basel Committee’s recommendations. Under rules issued by the Central Bank in July 1993 and its amendments, a commercial bank must maintain its “Minimum Capital” above a certain level.
 
“Minimum Capital” is equal to the sum of:
 
§ 
“Basic Net Worth”, which includes:
 
(1) 
Capital stock,

(2) 
Capital adjustments,

(3) 
Reserves and irrevocable capital contributions,

(4) 
Unappropriated earnings,

(5) 
Representative instruments of debt, and

(6) 
Third parties’ participations for those corporations subject to a supervision system on a consolidated basis;

Minus:

Balances favorable to the entity as registered in the assets, corresponding to the minimum presumed income tax for such portion as exceeds 10% of the Basic net equity without computing this item, or 10% of the Bank’s Computable Net Worth for the preceding period, whichever is smaller (Communication “A” 4576 dated October 1, 2006);

Plus:

“Complementary Net Worth”, which includes 50% of loan loss provisions for loans to borrowers classified as “Normal” under Central Bank rules, certain subordinated debt and certain unaudited net income, minus unaudited losses and certain items such as permanent investments in other financial institutions and intangible assets.
 
Minimum Capital must be, at least, the greater of:
 
§ 
Minimum basic capital, and
 
§ 
Minimum capital required for credit risk, which includes the minimum capital requirement for market risk, plus the minimum capital requirement for interest rate risk.
 
The entities in operation as of October 31, 1995 must maintain as of January 1, 1999 a basic minimum capital of Ps.5 million if at December 31, 1998 they were subject to basic requirements lower than Ps.5 million, or about Ps.8.9 million for the rest of the entities. As of January 1, 2003 the basic minimum capital is fixed at Ps.15 million for all commercial banks (excepting wholesale
 
 
 
 
banks subject to a basic minimum capital of Ps.10 million). Effective as of July 1, 2005, changes were made to the minimum capital requirements applicable to financial entities. Differential requirements were established for banks and other financial entities, mainly based on the area where their head offices are located, in order to benefit those areas with smaller banking coverage according to Central Bank criteria, which now enjoy less stringent requirements as regards minimum basic capital. However, those banks in operation as at June 30, 2005 will maintain their differentiated minimum capital if it does not exceed Ps.15 million. On the other hand, the above-mentioned differences in force with respect to wholesale banks have disappeared, all banking institutions now being subject to the same minimum capital requirements. Those banks which act as custodians and/or registration agents of securities representing the investments of the retirement and pension funds and/or as registration agents for registered mortgage letters must certify a minimum capital equal to or above the greater of Ps.50 million or the equivalent of 5% of the securities under custody (in the case of mortgage letters, considering the net value of any amortizations effected).
 
By Communication “A” 3959 dated May 30, 2003 and other complementary communications, the Central Bank modified the regulations for calculating minimum capital requirements for credit, interest rate and market risk. These modifications became fully effective as of January 2004. There follows a description of such regulations as are applicable as of the date of this report.
 
The minimum capital requirement for credit risk is the sum of:
 
(a) 
10% of the value of our fixed or illiquid assets;

(b) 
8% of the value of certain categories of financial or liquid assets, net of certain allowances and reserves, multiplied by a coefficient based on the perceived risk of such assets; and

(c) 
8% of certain assets of the non-financial public sector as accounted for in investment accounts or under special valuation criteria determined by the Central Bank.

The sum of (a), (b) and (c) shall then be multiplied by a second coefficient ranging from 0.970 to 1.15 based on the rating that the Superintendency grants to the bank based on the its net worth, asset quality, management, profitability and liquidity. To determine a bank’s risk-weighted assets, the Central Bank has assigned to each category of liquid asset a risk value based on the type of asset, borrower, collateral or guarantee, if any. For example, consider the risk values assigned to the following assets:
 
§ 
Cash, gold, public securities subject to minimum capital requirements for market risk, and debt instruments issued by the Central Bank were assigned a 0% risk value;
 
§ 
Correspondents’ accounts and other accounts at sight with banks of the country and abroad rated as “investment grade” and bonds issued by governments of member countries of the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (“OECD”), which are internationally rated “AA” or higher, were assigned a 20% risk value;
 
§ 
Debt instruments issued by Argentine provinces, municipalities or other public sector agencies, which are not expressly guaranteed by the national government were assigned a 100% risk value;
 
§ 
Loans to the non-financial private sector with preferred guarantees in cash, gold or bonds on fixed-term deposit certificates issued by the creditor entity itself and with automatic reimbursements for export transactions corresponding to multilateral and bilateral foreign trade agreements were assigned a 0% risk value;
 
§ 
Loans to the non-financial private sector with preferred guarantees granted by mutual guarantee companies registered with the Central Bank, export credit insurance policies and documentary credits in use were assigned a 50% risk value;
 
§ 
Purchase money, home mortgage loans and automobile-backed loans were assigned a 50% risk value, provided they do not exceed 75% of their appraisal value;
 
§ 
The amount of a loan exceeding 75% of their appraisal value and most unsecured loans and debt instruments as well as holdings of listed stock were assigned a 100% risk value; and
 
§ 
Loans to the non-financial public sector not guaranteed by the national government were assigned a 100% risk value.
 
On July 25, 2003, the Central Bank introduced Communication “A” 3986, effective as of January 2004, which provided for the application of a correction coefficient (ALFA 1), for the purpose of temporarily reducing the minimum capital requirement for credit risk with respect to assets in investment accounts and financing transactions granted to the non-financial public sector up to May 31,
 
 
 
 
2003, for instruments received by the financial entities on account of the compensation implemented under articles 28 and 29 of Decree No. 905/02, for instruments issued by the Trust Fund for Provincial Development under Decree No. 1579/02, even if their reception or incorporation takes place alter the established date, and for “Discount Bonds” and the corresponding “GDP-related negotiable securities issued under the conditions of Annexes IV and V, respectively, of Decree No. 1735/04, received in exchange for assets on record as May 31, 2003 as a consequence of the sovereign debt restructurings. Therefore, the application of this coefficient excludes those financing and refinancing transactions -including express or tacit renewals or time extensions- to the national non-financial public sector granted as of June 1, 2003. Such coefficient was fixed in the following values:
 
Period
 
ALFA1
     
January / December 2004
 
0.05
January / December 2005
 
0.15
January / December 2006
 
0.30
January / December 2007
 
0.50
January / December 2008
 
0.75
From January 2009
 
1.00

Any excesses incurred for noncompliance with other technical regulations must be added to the credit risk requirement calculated as indicated in the preceding paragraphs. Finally, commencing on February 1, 2007, the increase for extension of the global negative net position in foreign exchange must be added to the credit risk requirement. See “Information on the Company—The Argentine Banking System and its Regulatory Framework— Foreign Currency Position”.
 
Minimum Capital Requirement for Market Risk: under Communication “A” 2435, dated May 16, 1996, as amended by Communication “A” 2461, dated August 30, 1996, the Central Bank implemented, effective from September 1, 1996, additional minimum capital requirements in relation to market risk associated with positions held by financial institutions in “local assets”, “foreign assets”, “foreign currency” and “gold”, including derivatives bought or sold on such positions.
 
“Local Assets” include:
 
§ 
Debt securities issued by the National Government and instruments of monetary regulation of the BCRA (including the holding available for sale), except for those held in investment accounts, public securities acquired since June 1, 2007 by primary subscription denominated in pesos, and quotas in common investment funds that invest in those securities; provided that, such securities and/or holdings are usually listed on a national securities exchange; and
 
§ 
Shares of capital stock of Argentine companies included in the Argentine stock market index (or “Merval Index”) and quotas in common investment funds that invest in those shares.
 
“Foreign Assets” are defined to include:
 
§ 
Debt securities (i.e., positions held in debt securities issued by foreign companies, sovereign securities issued by foreign governments and quotas in common investment funds; provided that, such securities and/or holdings are usually listed on a national securities exchange); and
 
§ 
Shares (i.e., positions held in shares of capital stock of foreign companies, quotas in common investment funds; provided that, such securities, holdings and/or indexes are usually listed on a national securities exchange). If any of the assets mentioned in this clause are listed in different stock markets in diverse foreign currencies, the listing price and foreign currency of the most representative stock market (in terms of the volume of transactions in the relevant asset) will be taken into consideration for purposes of these new capital requirements.
 
The positions under consideration must be separated according to the currency of issue of each instrument, regardless of the issuer’s residence. In the cases of assets expressed in foreign currency, the entity must consider the risk for two positions: that which corresponds to the assets and the position in foreign currency, the relevant capital requirement being determined on the basis of the latter. The value of all positions will be expressed in pesos by using the reference exchange rate published by the Central Bank for the U.S. dollar, after application of the swap rate corresponding to the other currencies.
 
“Foreign currency” includes the net positions for each foreign currency, considering the totality of assets and liabilities in such currencies, and the gold position. Those positions in foreign currency which, individually considered at the close of each day of transactions, are below the equivalent of Ps.300,000 may be excluded. This exclusion will not apply if the computable foreign
 
 
 
 
currencies considered as a whole at the close of each day exceeds Ps.1,500,000. Purchase or sale of contracts that give the right to buy or sell local assets and foreign assets, are taken into consideration in calculating minimum capital requirements. The swaps and other derivatives on assets not affected by these regulations will be excluded from the portfolios that are subject to risk value calculation, provided such transactions are for the purpose of covering financial intermediation risks.
 
The market risk-related capital requirements are determined by using specific risk methodologies and based on the financial institution’s daily net positions in any of the above-mentioned assets. These requirements follow, in general, standards established by the Basel Committee and the European Union.
 
Minimum Capital Requirement for Rate Risk: under Communication “A” 2793, dated October 27, 1998, the Central Bank has implemented certain modifications, to be made effective by March 1999, to the methodology financial institutions use to calculate minimum capital requirements. This regulation requires that additional items be considered for purposes of determining minimum capital requirements, including risks associated with fluctuations in interest rates, credit quality and certain types of market risk. Communication “A” 3959 dated May 30, 2003 and effective as of January 2004 included the calculation of risk for those transactions adjustable by CER and CVS. However, the following items are excluded from this Regulation:
 
§ 
Securities and derivative instruments that are already subject to minimum capital requirements for market risk;
 
§ 
Holdings in foreign currency not subject to minimum capital for market risk as they are below the minimum applicable limits;
 
§ 
Banker’s acceptances;
 
§ 
Assets affected, covered by derivatives agreements made with foreign banks with international risk rate “A” or above, granted by international rating agencies accepted by the Central Bank;
 
§ 
Subordinated debt that is included in the calculation of Complementary Net Worth, and other assets deductible from minimum capital integration; and
 
§ 
Operations for spot of securities and foreign currency.
 
Effective as of January 2004 according to the terms of Communication “A” 3986 dated July 25, 2003, the Central Bank determines the application of an “ALFA2” coefficient in order to temporarily reduce the requirement for interest rate risk. For these purposes, the following values are fixed:
 
Period
 
ALFA2
     
January / December 2004
 
0.20
January / December 2005
 
0.40
January / December 2006
 
0.70
From January 2007
 
1.00

According to the Central Bank regulations on Minimum Capitals, the financial entities must adjust to such regulations on an individual and consolidated basis.
 
The Bank fully complied on an individual and consolidated basis with the ratios for minimum capital.
 
 If a financial institution does not comply with all these minimum capital requirements, it must submit a regulatory and redress plan to the Central Bank, which may impose various penalties, including:
 
§ 
Temporary limitation on the amount of deposits a bank may accept;
 
§ 
Institutional restrictions as per expansion capacity and dividends distribution in cash;
 
§ 
Revocation of the license of a bank to conduct foreign exchange transactions, and in some extreme cases; and
 
§ 
Revocation of the license of a bank to operate.
 
 
 
 
The following table presents, at December 31, 2008, both the calculation of our ratio of capital to risk-weighted assets computed under the Basel Accord and our capital under the minimum capital rules of the Central Bank. In addition, see Note 19.13 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
   
At December 31, 2008
 
   
(in millions of Pesos, except percentages)
 
Basel Accord
     
Total capital
    1,982.0  
Risk-weighted asset
    10,292.2  
Ratio of total capital to risk-weighted assets (1)
    19.3 %
Required capital
    823.4  
Excess capital
    1,158.6  
         
Central Bank’s Rules (2)
       
Total capital
    2,277.4  
Risk and Fixed weighted assets
    15,956.1  
Ratio of total capital to risk-weighted assets (3)
    14.3 %
Required capital (4)
    1,425.4  
Excess capital
    852.0  

(1) 
Under the risk-based capital requirements of the Basel Accord, the Bank would be required to maintain a minimum ratio of total capital to risk-weighted assets of 8%.
(2) 
Calculated on a consolidated basis in accordance with Central Bank requirements.
(3) 
Under the risk-based capital requirements of the Central Bank, we are required to maintain a minimum ratio of total capital to risk and fixed weighted assets of 10% and 8% (depending upon the nature of the asset) by application of an alpha correction factor equal to 0.05 over financing to the national public sector granted up to May 31, 2003.
(4) 
The Bank must maintain a surplus of minimum paid-in capital amounting to at least Ps.41.8 million, equivalent to 0.25% of the amount of values under custody for securities representing investments from pension funds, as well as in connection with its function as registrar of mortgage-backed bonds, invested in national public securities and other destinations authorized by the BCRA and guaranteed in favor of the said Entity.

System Governing the Holding of Securities in Investment Accounts and Available for sale
 
By Communication “A” 2793, dated March 1, 1999, the Central Bank abolished the previous system of holdings in investment accounts and available for sale.
 
As a result of this change, the Central Bank established in paragraph 7 of Communication “A” 2859 the canceling of the balance of the account entitled “Unrealized Valuation Differences in Government Bonds Available for Sale” as of February 28, 1999, which was charged against unappropriated earnings. This reclassification did not result in any change in our net worth as of that date.
 
The new system included in the “Attachment” to Communication “A” 2793 permits placing in investment accounts government and private debt instruments which must comply with minimum capital requirements due to market risk (published on a monthly basis by the Central Bank).
 
Holdings were recorded at their cost value and increased in accordance with their internal rate of return and the time elapsed since the beginning of the holding period.
 
The positive differences between accounting value and market value increased by 20% at the end of each month constitute an item deductible from the minimum paid-in capital.
 
As of March 1, 2000 and according to Communication “A” 3039 of the Central Bank, the holdings in investment accounts are recorded at cost value increased by the interest resulting from the current coupon. The book value of the holdings on the last day of each month will be reduced by an amount resulting from the positive difference between the book value for the position of each security as of that date and its market value increased by 20% (this treatment was suspended as of April 2001 until December 2001 as set forth by Communications “A” 3269 and “A” 3303 of the Central Bank). As a compensation, the obligation to deduct from the computable net worth the difference between the book value of the securities and their market value increased by 20% was eliminated.
 
As of June 1, 2001, according to Communication “A” 3083 of the Central Bank, the criteria for the accounting registration of the holdings in investment account was modified. Such holdings are registered at cost value exponentially increased up to each service due date according to its internal return rate and the time elapsed since their incorporation to such accounts.
 
 
 
 
In the case of holdings incorporated to investment accounts prior to June 1, 2001, the basis to be considered will be the value registered at May 31, 2001, resulting from the use of the valuation procedures admitted so far and the internal return rate resulting as of May 31, 2001 for such securities. With respect to the treatment of valuation differences, the criteria set forth by Communication “A” 3039 of the Central Bank is maintained.
 
By Communication “A” 3857 the Central Bank restricts the application of these provisions to those securities incorporated up to December 31, 2002, except for those received by the financial institutions as part of the compensation implemented by articles 28 and 29 of Decree No. 905/02.
 
By Communication “A” 3785 the Central Bank added a new chapter to the regulations, applicable only to those bonds received under the compensation mechanism implemented by the National Government in order to reimburse the entities for certain negative equity effects generated by the conversion into pesos at different exchange rates of those credits and obligations denominated in foreign currency, as well as by the negative net position deriving from such conversion (Articles 28 and 29, Decree No. 905/02). Such bonds may be registered by the entities at their technical value.
 
By Communication “A” 4114 dated March 12, 2004, the Central Bank included in the above-mentioned chapter those bonds to be received by the financial institutions as compensation for the transformation of loans adjustable by CER into loans adjustable by CVS (Chapter II of Law No. 25,796 and Annex II to Decree No. 117/04).
 
For so long as this procedure is in force the entities may only distribute cash dividends for such amount as the profits exceed the difference between the above-mentioned accounting value for registration purposes and the quotation of the bonds after all legal and statutory appropriations have been made.
 
According to Communication “A” 4084 dated January 30, 2004, those securities in respect of which the Central Bank ceases to publish daily volatility reports as they do not comply with the liquidity requirements for such purpose, must be excluded from this regulatory framework and considered as “Without Quotation”. Those securities excluded for this reason may not be reincorporated to the system in the future.
 
In August 2007, the accounting valuation scheme for investment accounts was incorporated for debt securities issued by the BCRA (Lebac and Nobac), provided these are included in the monthly list of volatilities published by the BCRA. The maintenance term for these holdings will be up to their expiration. All holdings incorporated in investment accounts will be registered at their cost value, with monthly increases according to TIR. For a pre-existing holding, the market quotation will be considered as cost value.
 
Under the Special Investment Accounts system are included those national public securities denominated in pesos for terms of 5 years or more at a fixed rate, without CER adjustment, acquired through primary underwriting effected by the financial entities as from June 1, 2007. These may be accounted for, at the Bank’s option, in the following manner:
 
(i) 
Market value; or
 
(ii) 
Cost value increased according to their internal rate of return. Whenever the market value is lower than the book value, such accrual will be allocated for compensation in a balancing account, until the book value is equal to the market value. Such balancing account will be released and charged to income to the extent that its balance exceeds the positive difference between market value and book value. The balance of the referred balancing account must be settled as at  June 30, 2009; therefore as from July 1, 2009 such holdings must be assessed at market value.
 
By Communication “A” 4861, dated October 30, 2008, the BCRA established a special treatment for the issuance of national public securities and monetary regulation instruments. Commencing on October 31, 2008, the financial institutions have the possibility of totally or partially transferring to investment accounts and/or special investment accounts those national public securities and BCRA’s monetary regulation instruments contemplated in the monthly list of volatilities published by such body for purposes of calculation of the minimum capital requirement by market risk.
 
The incorporations must be carried out at purchase price if the option is exercised on the same day of acquisition or, if effected after incorporation to the assets, at the market price corresponding to the closing of operations on the date the option is exercised. Afterwards, it will be valued according to points (i) and (ii) above. In the case of public securities (be they in pesos or in foreign currency), it has been decided that the position as at October 31, 2008 may be totally or partially accounted for in a special investment account at the book value of September 30, 2008 and to the extent that it does not exceed the position at such date. The securities incorporated in October 2008 must be valued at their acquisition value.
 
 
 
 
Furthermore, it has been resolved that as from November 1, 2008, the total value of national public securities accounted for in investment accounts and special investment accounts may not exceed 7.5% of the total assets corresponding to the last day of the preceding month. Any excess thereon will determine an equivalent increase of the minimum capital requirement for credit risk.
 
In addition, the BCRA has decided to admit until October 31, 2008, the following total or partial releases:
 
§ 
National public securities comprised within the margin for purchase and sale or brokerage transactions admitted in case of excesses over the limits to credit risk division due to financing for the non-financial public sector that must be charged to this special system. The released instruments will continue to be taken into account in calculating the excess over the limits to credit risk division due to financing for the non-financial sector originated in operations in existence prior to March 31, 2003, whose margin may not exceed 25% of the RPC corresponding to the last day of the pertinent preceding month.
 
§ 
National public securities acquired by the financial entities through primary underwritings from June 1, 2007, denominated in pesos at terms of 5 years or more, at a fixed rate without CER adjustment, chargeable investment accounts at the net book value of the relevant portion corresponding to the amount of the balancing account.
 
§ 
BCRA’s monetary regulation instruments comprised in investment accounts, so that they may be totally or partially charged to the special investment account system.
 
In addition, it is admitted that holdings of national public securities and debt instruments issued by the BCRA be classified as “available for sale”, provided they are contemplated in the monthly list of volatilities published by the BCRA for calculating the minimum capital requirement for market risk. They will be registered at their quotation value, and the difference (if any) between the incorporation cost and the quotation value will be shown in the Shareholders’ Equity (Unrealized valuation difference).
 
The holdings registered under “available for sale” may be reversed only in the following cases:
 
§ 
Sale;
 
§ 
collection of the corresponding amortization services and/or capital revenue;
 
§ 
whenever the volatility published by this Institution ceases to be available, in which case they must be registered as holdings without quotation; or
 
§ 
whenever it is decided to use the “Special Investment Account” or “Investment Account” valuation method.
 
CAMEL Quality Rating System
 
Under Law No. 24,144 the Central Bank established the “CAMEL” quality rating system which is based on weighting consistent and comparable criteria, creditworthiness, compliance with the Financial Institutions Law, its administrative order and the general operating solvency of the entity. Each letter of the CAMEL system corresponds to the following areas of the operations of each bank that is being rated: “C” represents capital, “A” represents assets, “M” represents management, “E” represents earnings and “L” represents liquidity. Each factor is evaluated and rated on a scale from 1 to 5, 1 being the highest rating an institution can receive. By combining the individual factors that are under evaluation, a combined index can be obtained which represents the final rating for the entity. The rating a bank receives from the CAMEL system can be used by the Central Bank in making decisions such as determining the levels of minimum capital or the amount of contributions a bank is required to contribute to the insurance guarantee system.
 
BASIC System
 
The Central Bank established a control system known as “BASIC” which requires that all financial institutions comply with a set of procedures affecting their transactions. The system allows public access to a higher level of information and security as regards its placements in the Argentine banking system. Each letter in the name of the BASIC system identifies one of the following procedures:
 

 
 
B (“Bonds”). By decision of the Central Bank’s board, banks were expected to issue bonds and other securities or obtain placements from international top-rated banks for an equivalent of 2% of their deposits in pesos and foreign currency. The placement of such bonds would make it possible for depositors to know the perception of the market on the equity situation of each financial entity. The Central Bank required that all financial institutions in Argentina should once a year perform at least one of the following actions:
 
§ 
A debt issue in a country which must be a member of the OECD and at the same time have an “AAA” rating in respect of its sovereign debt;
 
§ 
An issue of capital stock approved by the relevant local authorities and according to which the shares could be freely traded either in such local market or in the market of a member nation of the OECD with an “AAA” rating in respect of its sovereign debt;
 
§ 
A debt issue to an Argentine financial entity which complies with the alternative procedure described in (a) above; or
 
§ 
A transaction with a foreign bank with a minimum credit rating of “A”, by which the Argentine entity would receive deposits or take loans from such foreign bank. The purpose of such requirement was to have the Argentine financial institutions exposed to scrutiny and analysis by third parties considered by the Central Bank to be rating demanding in matters that have to do with credit analysis and quality control. The need to respond to the expectations of such third parties at the same time created for the Central Bank an additional source of quality control over the Argentine banking system. While this requirement remained in force the Bank complied with it at all times.
 
The requirement was abrogated by Communication “A” 3498 of the Central Bank, dated March 1, 2002.
 
A (“Audit”). The Central Bank requires a number of auditing procedures which include:
 
§ 
The creation of a registry of auditors;
 
§ 
The implementation of strict accounting procedures to be observed by auditors;
 
§ 
The payment of a guarantee of compliance by such auditors so as to induce them to fully comply with the procedures; and
 
§ 
The creation of a Central Bank division in charge of verifying the observance of the established regulations by the external auditors.
 
The purpose of this requirement is to ensure accurate representations by the financial institutions to both the Superintendency and to the public. It involves verifying the figures presented by the entity as well as an in-depth investigation into whether such figures appropriately reflect the activities of the bank in question.
 
S (“Supervision”). The supervision by the monetary authorities is not replaced but is naturally complemented and reinforced by the information from market sources and continues to be a basic element for controlling the financial system. In Argentina, as in most of the world, what is in use is a combination of remote analysis and inspections in the bank itself. The Argentine supervision system specifically applies an internationally recommended classification system, known as the above-mentioned CAMEL system. In summary, this requirement implies that the Central Bank reserves the right to regularly inspect all financial institutions.
 
I (“Information”). This is a fundamental element in banking supervision and also as regards the control exercised by the market. It is clear that no effective supervision is possible without relevant, reliable and timely information. No discipline can be imposed by the market on the banks and no control will be effective on the supervision if there is no access to such information. This is why the Central Bank requires that the financial institutions disclose certain statistical information on a daily, weekly, monthly and quarterly basis.
 
C (“Calificación” (Spanish for Rating)). The rating agencies play a quite significant role in banking supervision. The rating work pays attention to the available guarantees and informs the less-specialized investors about the risk involved in the different securities. The investor’s information universe is thus expanded and this increases the efficiency of the information process. It would be economically inefficient for the smaller investors to conduct their own collection and analysis of information for each alternative present in the marketplace. This is the reason that justifies the existence of the rating agencies which naturally appear in the marketplace to fulfill such role. The Central Bank established a system that requires that a credit evaluation be regularly performed by internationally recognized rating agencies.
 
 
 
 
Foreign Currency Position

As at the date of this report, the maximum limit for the general foreign exchange position that must be maintained on a daily basis by the financial institutions is the greater of:
 
§ 
15% of the equivalent in dollars of their Bank’s Computable Net Worth (Responsabilidad Patrimonial Computable or “RPC”), as registered at the close of the month that is two months prior to the relevant month plus the amount that results from multiplying 5% of the total amount transacted with clients in the purchase and sale of foreign currencies in the month that is two months prior to the relevant month, and 2% of the total deposits at sight and at term locally constituted and payable in foreign bank notes (excluding deposits under custody), as registered at the close of the calendar month that is two months prior to the relevant month.
 
§ 
And a minimum equivalent to U.S.$8,000,000 (for the banks), these minimum limits may be increased according to the number of establishments devoted to foreign exchange transactions and by operations with holdings in foreign currencies other than the dollar or the Euro and other permitted transactions. BBVA Banco Francés maintains the limit indicated in the point above mentioned.
 
The maximum limit is reduced by 50% if the financial entity has a debt on record for rediscounts and/or advances with the Central Bank for an amount exceeding 50% of the latest RPC recorded by the entity, excluding from the calculation of the indebtedness those transactions which the entity chose to refinance in terms of Communication “A” 3941 of the Central Bank.
 
To this effect, the Central Bank defined the general foreign-exchange position as the sum of the following items:
 
§ 
Gold and foreign currency resources available in the country;
 
§ 
Gold and foreign currency resources available abroad;
 
§ 
Foreign public and private securities;
 
§ 
Cash or future foreign-exchange purchases pending settlement;
 
§ 
Cash or future public and private security purchases pending settlement;
 
§ 
Cash or future foreign-exchange sales pending settlement;
 
§ 
Cash or future public and private security sales pending settlement; and
 
§ 
Foreign-exchange holdings in the form of deposits and investments at any term in banks from abroad and all kinds of liquid investments abroad.
 
The general foreign exchange position does not include foreign assets of third parties under custody, balances with correspondents of third parties pending settlement, purchases and sales of foreign currencies or securities at a term and direct investments abroad.
 
In addition to the limit described above, all funds from foreign currency deposits and received financial loans granted with funds from foreign currency deposits must be applied mainly to the financing of foreign trade transactions, any deficiencies in the application of foreign currency lending capacity, net of a portion of: i) cash balances, ii) cash under custody in other financial entities, iii) cash in transit and iv) cash with armored car transport companies, requires an equivalent increase in the minimum cash requirement. See “Information on the Company—The Argentine Banking System and its Regulatory Framework—Lending Capacity Provided by Deposits in Foreign Currency”.
 
Effective May 1, 2003 in terms of Communication “A” 3889 of the Central Bank, the global net position in foreign currency may not exceed the following limits:
 
§ 
Negative global net position (liabilities exceeding assets), 30% of the Computable Net Worth until December 31, 2006. As from January 1, 2007 and according to the provisions of Communications “A” 4577 and 4598, 15% of the Computable Net Worth liability, with the possibility of an additional 15% to the extent that the entity at the same time has recorded: a) medium and long term financings in pesos to non-financial private sector under certain conditions for an amount equivalent
 
 
 
 
 
to the increase of said limit; and b) an increase in the minimum capital requirement equivalent to the increase of the general limit of the global negative net position in foreign currency.
 
§ 
Positive global net position (assets exceeding liabilities), the least of the following:
 
(1) 
30% of the Computable Net Worth.
(2) 
Own liquid resources.

Own liquid resources means the excess of RPC with respect to immobilized assets and other concepts computed according to the rules on “Relationship of Immobilized Assets and Other Concepts”. See “Information on the Company – The Argentine Banking System and its Regulatory Framework – Fixed Assets and other items”.
 
The global net position in foreign currency will include all assets and liabilities from financial intermediation in foreign currency and securities in foreign currency (deriving from cash and term transactions) including those contracts for derivatives linked to these concepts, those items which must be included in the General Foreign Exchange Position, all deposits in such currency in accounts opened with the Central Bank, as well as the gold position, the fixed-term deposits in U.S. dollars payable in pesos and any Central Bank bills in U.S. dollars as well as foreign currency debt securities. Term transactions made within a framework agreement in the area of self-regulatory markets of the country based on liquidation by difference will be also computed, without delivery of the negotiated underlying asset. Furthermore, the pass-through certificates or debt securities issued by financial trusts as well as the credit rights regarding ordinary trusts, in the pertinent proportion, when their underlying asset is constituted by assets in foreign currency, will also be considered.
 
In addition to the above and irrespective of the observance of the limit set forth above, the net global position, considering the balances of accounts at sight and other related assets and liabilities –whichever the nature or character of the transaction- (be they assets negotiated on a customary basis or by significant volumes in institutionalized markets) realized or expiring within the following 180 days, may not exceed the percentage applied over the computable equity responsibility of the month prior to that duly indicated by the Central Bank. In order to determine the above position, only the securities registered on the accounts at market value will be considered, irrespective of the calculation in the position of the services whose expiration falls within 180 days (Communication “A” 4135 of May 5, 2004).
 
By Communication “A” 4350 dated May 12, 2005, the Central Bank suspended as of May 1, 2005 the limits for the global positive net position and the additional short-term limit (transactions due within 180 days), as mentioned above. The additional short-term limit was abrogated by Communication “A” 4577 dated September 28, 2006.
 
Any excess above the limits will be subject to a charge amounting to the greatest of twice the annual rate at due date for Central Bank drafts in dollars or twice the LIBOR rate at thirty days for transactions in such currency.
 
For financial information regarding our net foreign currency exposure, see Note 19.12. to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
Fixed assets and other items

The Central Bank determines that the fixed assets and other items maintained by the financial entities must not exceed 100% of the entity’s RPC. The BCRA has resolved to increase in 50 percentage points the specified limit to the extent that the immobilization of the assets is originated in the holding of national public securities and/or monetary regulation instruments of the BCRA appropriated as guarantee by financial institutions in favor of such entity according to the regulations in force for operations implemented by the ALADI Reciprocal Payments and Credits Agreement.
 
Such fixed assets and other items include the following:
 
§ 
Shares of local companies.
 
§ 
Assets appropriated as guarantee.
 
§ 
Various credits (including the net balance favorable to Entity corresponding to the Minimum Presumed Income Tax. Undeductible of Basic Net Worth).
 
§ 
Property for own use.
 
 
 
 
§ 
Various property items.
 
§ 
Organization and development expenses.
 
§ 
Goodwill.
 
§ 
Financing transactions for related clients.
 
Excluded from the above concepts are those assets deductible for calculating the entity’s RPC and assets affected as guarantee for certain operations mainly related to swaps and derivatives, as well as the financing transactions with certain related companies provided the participation in the company exceeds 50% of the corporate capital and 50% of the votes.
 
The calculation of such assets will be effected according to the balances at the close of each month, net of depreciations, accumulated amortizations and bad debt risk allowances (except for 50% of the allowance on the portfolio in normal situation). It will also be possible to deduct certain liabilities related to the assets being calculated. In the case of financing transactions with related clients, the calculation will be based on the balance at the close of each month or the largest assistance provided to each client during the period in question.
 
Any excesses in this relationship generate an equivalent increase of the minimum capitals. Furthermore, any entity incurring noncompliance violations in three consecutive or four non-consecutive months within a period of twelve consecutive months must submit a regularization and normalization program.
 
Lending and Investment Limits

Lending and Investment Limits (except for the public sector)

Central Bank rules limit the amount of credit, including guarantees, that a commercial bank may extend to, and the amount of equity that it may invest in, any entity at any time. These limits are based on the Bank’s Computable Net Worth on the last day of the immediately preceding month.
 
According to Central Bank rules, a commercial bank may not extend credit to a single non-related client and its affiliates, or invest in that client’s equity, in an amount in excess of 15% of the bank’s Computable Net Worth. However, we may extend additional credit to that client up to 25% of the Bank’s Computable Net Worth if that additional credit is secured with certain senior preferred liquid assets, including public or private debt securities. Total loans or other extensions of credit that a commercial bank may grant to any particular borrower and its affiliates are also limited based on the borrower’s net worth. Total loans or other extensions of credit to any particular borrower and its affiliates may not exceed, in general, 100% of such borrower’s net worth, but such limit may be increased to 300% of the borrower’s net worth if such amount does not exceed 2.5% of the Bank’s Computable Net Worth.
 
Effective October 1, 1995, the Central Bank requires that extensions of credit in any form in excess of 2.5% of a Bank’s Computable Net Worth must be approved by the relevant branch manager, regional manager, relevant first line administrative officer of the credit area, general manager and credit committee, if any, of the bank, as well as by its board of directors, administration council or similar corporate body.
 
In addition, an equity investment of a commercial bank in another company that does not provide services that are complementary to the services provided by a commercial bank may not exceed 12.5% of the stockholders’ equity of such company.
 
Related Persons

The Central Bank limits the amount a bank can lend to, and the amount of equity it may invest in, a “Related Person”. A Related Person is defined to include:
 
§ 
Any individual or entity controlling a bank, controlled by a bank or affiliated with a bank, as defined by the Central Bank;
 
§ 
Any entity that both controls the bank and has common directors to the extent such directors, voting together, will constitute a simple majority of the boards of directors of the bank and such entity; or
 
§ 
In certain exceptional cases, any individual or entity whom the Central Bank has determined to be in a position to adversely affect the financial condition of the bank.
 
 
 
 
“Control” is defined as:
 
§ 
Holding or controlling, directly or indirectly, 25% of the voting stock of the controlled person;
 
§ 
Having held 50% or more of the voting stock of the controlled person at the time of the last election of that entity’s board of directors;
 
§ 
Any type of equity holding which creates the ability to vote or direct the vote so as to prevail on any issue considered at the controlled person’s general shareholders’ meeting or meeting of the board of directors; or
 
§ 
When a person is determined by the Board of Directors of the Central Bank to be exercising any influence, directly or indirectly, on the management or policies of the bank.
 
Under Communication “A” 3129 dated June 30, 2000, applied from July 1, 2000, the Central Bank established that the total amount of the operations of a company or related person may not exceed the following percentages of their computable equity as of the last day of the month prior to that to which they apply:
 
§ 
Local financial institutions whose transactions are subject to consolidation by lender or borrower in terms of regulations on consolidated supervision and which are rated CAMEL 1 or 2:
 
(1) 
100% when the entity receiving the loan is rated 1.
(2) 
If the receiving entity is rated 2, 20% without limitations and an additional 80% to be used if the term for the loans and other credit facilities not exceed 180 days.

§ 
Local financial institution not included in the above definition: 10%.
 
§ 
Local companies consolidated by the financial entity in terms of the consolidated supervision regulations issued by the Central Bank and whose only object is one of the activities defined as “complementary services of the financial activity” that are mentioned below:
 
(1) 
Stock-exchange or over-the-counter agent in stock exchanges or markets.
(2) 
Issuance of credit or debit or similar cards.
(3) 
Financial assistance through lease transactions in capital goods, durable goods or real property acquired for such purpose or in connection with credits from sales.
(4) 
Temporary acquisition of shareholdings in companies to facilitate their development in order to sell such holdings afterwards. The granting of financing or management and planning advice to such companies.

(a) 
If the controlling financial entity is rated 1: 100%.
(b) 
If the rating is 2, 10% without limitations, plus an additional 90% to be used if the term of the loans and other credit facilities does not exceed 180 days.

§ 
All other domestic companies not complying with the provisions mentioned in the preceding point: 10%.
 
§ 
Foreign financial institutions rated as “Investment Grade”: 10%; all others, 5% for non-guaranteed operations and up to 10% for guaranteed operations, without exceeding 10% as a whole.
 
§ 
All other transactions: 5% without guarantee and up to 10% with guarantees, without exceeding 10% as a whole.
 
General Limit: the total amount of the operations of all companies or persons related to the financial institutions referred under the second, fourth, fifth and sixth points above, may not in any case exceed 20% of the company’s Computable Net Worth as of the last day of the preceding month.
 

 
 
As of November 13, 1998, pursuant to Communication “A” 2800 of the Central Bank, as supplemented, all lending to or investing in Related Persons is prohibited for any financial institution having a CAMEL rating of 4 or 5 (Communication “A” 2829 of the Central Bank) except in the following situations and under the following limitations:
 
§ 
Foreign financial institutions which are subsidiaries of the domestic institution subject to oversight on a consolidated basis (Communication “A” 2829 of the Central Bank);
 
§ 
Foreign banks controlling domestic financial institutions or their branches or subsidiaries abroad (Communication “A” 2829 of the Central Bank);
 
§ 
When the Related Person is a company that has been fully consolidated by the bank and is exclusively involved in certain activities that are complementary to financial intermediation, the foregoing traditional restrictions with regard to investments and loans apply; and
 
§ 
When the Related Person is a company expressly referred to as an exempted entity under Article 28 of Law No. 21,726 and only in respect of equity investments, the bank is limited to lending to such Related Person and only in accordance with the previous traditional restrictions.
 
In addition, with respect to Related Persons who are natural persons, the total amount of loans to those Related Persons cannot exceed Ps.50,000, which must be used exclusively for personal or family purposes. Failure to properly observe these requirements can result in an increase of the minimum capital requirements for credit risk in an amount equal to 100% of the daily excess amounts over the requirements beginning on the month when the excess amounts are not corrected and continuing while the excess amounts remain. In the case of information registered out of term, this increase will be applied beginning on the month when the information is registered and for as long as the default exists. Moreover, once the default has been corrected, the increase will be applied for a number of months equal to the period during which the Central Bank was not informed. For repeated defaults the increase can reach up to 130% of the excess amount.
 
At December 31, 2008 the aggregate of computable loans, other extensions of credit and equity investments by BBVA Banco Francés on a consolidated basis to Related Persons amounted to Ps.134.1 million, or 5.82% of BBVA Banco Francés’ Computable Net Worth.
 
Non-financial Public Sector:

By Communication “A” 3911 dated March 28, 2003 and effective as of April 2003, the Central Bank set forth new limits for those transactions carried out with the non-financial public sector.
 
The non-financial public sector includes inter alia:
 
§ 
National Government;
 
§ 
Provincial Governments;
 
§ 
City of Buenos Aires;
 
§ 
Municipal Governments; and
 
§ 
Central administration, ministries, departments and their decentralized and autonomous entities and other official bodies.
 
Communication “A” 4527 dated April 25, 2006 determines that the Central Bank may apply to public sector companies governed by Law No. 20,705 the general treatment foreseen for the non-financial private sector in connection with all effects of the rules applicable on the subject, provided they comply with the following requirements:
 
§ 
In order to develop their activities, they should not require resources from the state budget –be it the national, municipal, provincial or belonging to the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires– for such concepts as transfers, capital contributions –excepting those corresponding to their incorporation – or reimbursable financial assistance- destined for covering expenses and/or investments made in the course of their normal and customary businesses, with the only exception of those which may have been contemplated in the 2001 and 2003 budgets;
 
 
 
 
§ 
Technical and professional independence of their managerial bodies for implementing corporate policies;
 
§ 
To trade their goods and/or services at market prices;
 
§ 
To possess fixed assets; the use of which in the activity is not subject to any condition from their shareholders; and
 
§ 
No distribution of dividends among their shareholders.
 
Compliance with all the above conditions must have been verified uninterruptedly during at least the ten years immediately preceding the date of the granting of financial assistance.
 
By Communication “A” 4581 dated September 29, 2006, the Central Bank of the Argentine Republic may agree on the general treatment for persons of the non-financial private sector, to all effects of the rules applicable on the subject to public sector companies which are not incorporated under Law No. 20,705 and which also comply with the following requirements:
 
§ 
Their creation must have been ordered by a national law;
 
§ 
They must create a stock corporation according to the rules of Chapter II, Sections V and VI of the Law of Corporations Number 19,550 (stock corporations and corporations with majority state participation);
 
§ 
They must have majority National State participation, be it direct or indirect, according to the provisions of the said Law;
 
§ 
They must be for the specific purpose of developing activities in the power supply sector; and
 
§ 
They must be subject to internal and external control by the National Public Sector in terms of the Financial Administration Law and the National Public Sector’s Control System –Law No. 24,156-.
 
Consequently and to all effects, those corporations receiving the treatment set forth in this resolution will be exempted from the application of the provisions regarding financial assistance to the owners of the non-financial public sector.
 
All financing granted to the above entities may not exceed the following limits with respect to the entity’s equity liability as at the last day of the preceding month:
 
§ 
Transactions of the national public sector: 50%, this limit include loans granted to governments from other jurisdictions guaranteed by their participation in the federal tax collection system;
 
§ 
Total of transactions granted to each provincial jurisdiction and the City of Buenos Aires (excluding those comprised in the previous paragraph which must be guaranteed by the collection of local taxes or by pledge or implemented under leasing agreements: 10%. This limit includes financing operations granted to municipal governments in the respective jurisdiction and guaranteed by their participation in the collection of provincial taxes;
 
§ 
Total of transactions with each municipal jurisdiction, which must be guaranteed by the collection of local taxes or by pledge, or implemented under leasing agreements: 3%. Total financing granted to the above-mentioned jurisdictions (excluding those mentioned in the previous paragraph) : 15%; and
 
§ 
Total of transactions comprised in the first three points above: 75%.
 
On the other hand, the Central Bank determined that any excesses to the above relations and to the limit mentioned in the last paragraph of this point, exclusively originated in the application of the new limits and conditions for computing financing transactions, will not be considered as non-compliances, provided that such excesses result from transactions existing prior to March 31, 2003, or are determined or increased by the receipt of compensation bonds or promissory notes as per Articles 28 and 29 of Decree No. 905/02, or of those eventually received by application of other specific provisions after that date, and deriving from Law No. 25,561 of Public Emergency and Foreign Exchange Reform (including bonds issued in terms of Decree No. 1735/04 which may be received within the framework of the Argentine debt restructuring, in exchange for eligible securities pre-existing as at March 31, 2003), as well as those received within the framework of the Mortgage Refinancing System established by Law No. 25,798. Those excesses registered in the case of new transactions will also not be considered as non-compliances, provided that they originate exclusively in the granting of financing to the non-financial public sector with funds originated in amortization services or partial or total payments of the aforementioned debt. These funds must be applicable within 180 calendar days following the due date. In the case of a primary
 
 
 
 
subscription of National Government debt securities, point 2 of Communication “A” 4343 authorizes the reinvestment of the funds to be collected for amortizations or partial or total payments, with an anticipation of up to 180 calendar days to their due date.
 
In addition, by point 1 of Communication “A” 4455 and effective as of December 1, 2005 and complementary communications, a margin has been admitted for those entities exceeding the observance of the limits (due to the above-mentioned preexisting operations) to carry out purchase and sale of, or financial transactions with, national public securities responsible for applying minimum capital requirements for market risk, that is to say, with such volatility as informed by the Central Bank, provided it does not exceed the equivalent to 25% of the RPC. Such limit will be constituted with the allocation, as from the date referred to above, of any of the following: i) the realization of non-financial public sector assets in the portfolio which are computable for determining such limits, ii) the allocation at market value of national public securities holdings, and iii) funds received for amortization services corresponding to the public sector assets involved.
 
However, no financing will be granted in those cases where the ratio of transactions comprised with respect to the Bank’s Computable Net Worth determined as of March 31, 2003 is exceeded owing to reductions in this last parameter and until such relationship is reestablished.
 
Apart from the above-mentioned limits, the guarantee provided to all effects by the collection of taxes (either federal or local) and/or by the collection of royalties by provincial or municipal jurisdictions may not exceed 40% of the total of such income at the time of evaluating the granting of new financing, and considering the new financing about to be granted. This requirement does not apply for transactions guaranteed by pledge or leasing agreements.
 
Effective July 1, 1993, the amount of non-exempted credit to and equity stakes in a single client, whether related to us or not, of a given bank which individually exceeds 10% of that bank’s Computable Net Worth may not exceed, in the aggregate, three or five times the bank’s Computable Net Worth, excluding loans in domestic financial institutions and including equity stakes in domestic financial institutions. This last limit does not consider those guaranteed loans received in exchange for national public debt securities implemented through guaranteed loans (Communication “A” 3366). Also excluded until December 31, 2008 will be the compensation bonds or promissory notes received according to the provisions of Articles 28 and 29 of Decree No. 905/02 as amended (point 3 of Communication “A” 4093, as amended by point 7 of Communication “A” 4467).
 
Loan Loss Allowance

The Central Bank has established specific loan loss allowance requirements for loans to borrowers in “Problem”, “Deficient Servicing”, “High Risk of Insolvency”, “Difficult Recovery”, “Irrecoverable” and “Irrecoverable for Technical Decision” (in effect prior to October 2007), and loans to borrower classified as “Problem”, “Medium Risk”, “High Risk of Insolvency”, “High Risk”, “Irrecoverable” and “Irrecoverable for Technical Decision” under the new Central Bank loan classification system effective on November 2007. In addition, effective in 1993, the Central Bank established a mandatory general allowance requirement for all performing loans. See “Information on the Company—Selected Statistical Information—Allowance for Loan Losses and Loan Loss Experience”.
 
Priority of Deposits

Law No. 24,485 in force since April 18, 1995, as amended by Laws No. 24,627 and 25,780, sets forth that in case of judicial liquidation or bankruptcy of a bank, all depositors, irrespective of the type, amount or currency of their deposits, would be senior to the other remaining creditors (such as the shareholders of the bank), exception made for certain labor creditors (art. 53 paragraphs “a” and “b”) and for those creditors backed by a pledge or mortgage, in the following order of priority: (a) deposits of up to 50,000 pesos per person (including any amount of said person deposited with a financial entity), or their equivalent in foreign currency; (b) any and all deposits higher than Ps.50,000, or their equivalent in foreign currency, and (c) the liabilities originated in commercial lines granted to the Bank and which directly affect international commerce.
 
Furthermore, pursuant to article 53 of Law No. 21,526, as amended by Laws No. 24,627, 25,562 and 25,780, Central Bank credits will have an absolute priority over the other credits, except for pledged or mortgaged credits, certain labor credits, the depositors' credits as per art. 49, paragraph e), points i) and ii), credits granted under Article 17, paragraphs (b), (c) and (f) of the Central Bank’s Charter (including discount granted by financial entities due to temporary lack of liquidity, advances in favor of financial entities with security interest, assignment of rights, pledge or special assignment of certain assets) and credits granted by the Banking Liquidity Fund backed by pledge or mortgage.
 
The amendment introduced to art. 35 bis of Law No. 21,526 of Financial Entities by Law No. 25,780, sets forth that if a bank is in a situation where the Central Bank may revoke its authorization to operate and become subject to dissolution or liquidation by
 
 
 
 
judicial resolution, among the options that the Central Bank’s Board may decide by absolute majority, in case of excluding assets and liabilities for their transfer in favor of financial trusts or other financial entities, the Central Bank may totally or partially exclude the liabilities mentioned in article 49, paragraph e), as well as its credits defined in art. 53, observing the order of priority among its creditors. Regarding the partial exclusion, the order of priority of point e) art. 49 must be followed, without assigning, in any case, a differentiated treatment to liabilities of the same grade.
 
Capital Markets

Under the Financial Institutions Law, banks may underwrite and place both equity and debt securities. There are currently no statutory limitations on the size of a bank’s underwriting commitments. However, a bank’s underwriting commitment would be treated as an extension of credit subject to the limitations discussed under “Lending and Investment Limits”.
 
Commercial banks are authorized to trade public and private debt securities in the Argentine over-the-counter market if they are members of the MAE and authorized to act as over-the-counter brokers (“agentes de mercado abierto”). The MAE is a self-regulatory institution that has been authorized by the CNV. In our capacity as an over-the-counter broker, we are subject to the supervision of the MAE as a self-regulatory institution, and of the CNV as primary regulator, and accordingly, must comply with certain reporting requirements.
 
Since 1990, the Buenos Aires Stock Market (Mercado de Valores de Buenos Aires—“MERVAL”) has authorized brokerage firms or houses organized as sole purpose corporations to operate as securities brokers on the Buenos Aires Stock Exchange. Commercial banks may freely own a Securities Brokerage Company, there are no current restrictions on ownership, and most of the principal commercial banks operating in Argentina have already established their own Securities Brokerage Company. All brokers, individuals or firms, are required to own at least one share of stock in the MERVAL to be admitted as a securities broker on the Buenos Aires Stock Exchange.
 
An agreement between the Buenos Aires Stock Exchange and representatives of the MAE dealers provides that trading in shares and other equity securities will be conducted exclusively on the Buenos Aires Stock Exchange and that all debt securities listed on the Buenos Aires Stock Exchange may also be traded on the MAE. Trading in Argentine government securities, which are not covered by the agreement, is conducted mainly on the MAE. The agreement does not extend to other Argentine exchanges.
 
Commercial banks may operate as both managers and custodians of Argentine mutual funds; provided, however, that a bank may not act simultaneously as manager and custodian for the same fund.
 
We have been registered as an over-the-counter broker since 1989. In 1991, we created Francés Valores Sociedad de Bolsa S.A.
 
Financial Institutions with Economic Difficulties

Under the Financial Institutions Law, if a financial institution
 
§ 
Evidences a cash reserve deficiency,
 
§ 
Has not satisfied certain technical standards,
 
§ 
Has not maintained minimum net worth standards, or
 
§ 
Is deemed by the Central Bank to have impaired solvency or liquidity;
 
then, such financial entity must submit a regularization and normalization plan under such terms and conditions as may be established by the Central Bank within a term that may not exceed thirty days. This notwithstanding, the Central Bank may appoint overseers with veto powers and/or demand the creation of guarantees and restrict or prohibit the distribution of remittances or profits. The lack of submission, the rejection or any noncompliance with the regularization or normalization plans entitle the Central Bank to revoke the authorization to operate as a financial entity and to apply sanctions. Stet if the plan is accepted, the Central Bank may grant a temporary exemption with respect to the observance of the technical regulations and excuse or postpone the payment of fines (if any).
 
Likewise, and prior to the revocation of the authorization to operate as a financial entity, the Central Bank may authorize the restructuring of the entity for the protection of its depositors, by applying any of the following decisions or a combination thereof in a
 
 
 
 
sequential, gradual or direct manner: reduction, increase and assignment of the corporate capital, exclusion of assets and liabilities and their transfer to other financial institutions, judicial intervention, responsibility and transfer of excluded assets or liabilities.
 
Dissolution and liquidation of financial institutions

As provided in the Argentine Financial Institutions Law, the Central Bank must be notified of any decision adopted by a financial institution’s legal or corporate authorities concerning its dissolution. The Central Bank, in turn, must then notify such decision to a competent court, which should determine who will liquidate the entity between the corporate authorities or an independent liquidator appointed for the purpose. The court’s decision will be based on whether or not there is sufficient assurance that the corporate authorities are capable of carrying out such liquidation properly.
 
Pursuant to the Argentine Financial Institutions Law, the Central Bank no longer acts as liquidator of financial institutions. However, if a restructuring plan has failed or is not deemed feasible, or violations of local laws and regulations have been incurred, or significant changes have occurred in the institution’s condition since the original authorization was granted, then the Central Bank may revoke a bank’s license to operate as a financial institution. In this event, the law allows for judicial or extra judicial liquidation. During the liquidation process and once the license to operate as a financial institution has been revoked, a court of competent jurisdiction may adjudge the former financial institution in bankruptcy or a petition in bankruptcy may be filed by any creditor of the bank after a period of 60 calendar days has elapsed since the license was revoked.
 
Money laundering

The concept of money laundering is generally used to denote transactions intended to introduce criminal proceeds into the institutional system and thus to transform profits from illegal activities into assets of a seemingly legitimate origin.
 
On April 13, 2000, the Argentine Congress enacted Law No. 25,246 (as amended by Laws No. 26,087, 26,119 and 26,268) which defines money laundering as a type of crime. Also, the Law creates the so-called Financial Information Unit (FIU), which establishes an administrative criminal system and replaces several articles of the Argentine Criminal Code.
 
Law No. 26,087 grants the FIU the power to release secret or confidential information at its sole request without this requiring Judicial Power intervention and eliminates any absolutory excuses for asset-laundering crimes. Law No. 26,119 modifies the integration of the FIU and Law No. 26,268 incorporates to the Criminal Code illegal terrorist association as a type of crime and the crime of financing terrorism.
 
Money laundering is typified as a crime in the Criminal Code, providing for criminal sanctions whenever a person converts, transfers, manages, sells, encumbers or in any other manner uses money or any other asset deriving from illegal activities, in which such person has not participated, with the possible result that the original or substitute assets may appear as deriving from a legitimate origin, provided however that the value of the assets exceeds the amounts indicated in the regulation, irrespective of whether such amounts are the result of one or more transactions.
 
The main purpose of Law No. 25,246 is to prevent money laundering. In line with internationally accepted practice, it does not attribute responsibility for controlling these criminal transactions only to government agencies, but also assigns certain duties to diverse private sector entities such as banks, stockbrokers, brokerage houses and insurance companies. These duties consist basically in information capturing functions. The Central Bank regulation requires banks to take certain minimum precautions to prevent money laundering.
 
Each institution must appoint a senior management officer as the person responsible for money laundering prevention in charge of centralizing any information the Central Bank may require on its own initiative or at the request of any competent authority. In addition, this officer or other person reporting to the general manager, the board of directors, or equivalent authority, will be responsible for the implementation, tracking, and control of internal procedures to ensure compliance with the regulations.
 
Financial entities must also inform to the Superintendence about any transaction that may result suspicious or unusual, or devoid of any economic or legal justification, or which is unnecessarily complex, be it made on isolated occasions or repeatedly.
 
The Bank strives and believes to be in compliance with all applicable regulations on money laundering pursuant to the provisions issued by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, International Commerce and Cult on funds freezing and measures against presumed terrorists, by the Central Bank and by the Financial Information Unit, in particular Resolution Nº 2 of the Financial Information Unit dated October 25, 2002, as amended by Resolution Nº 2 of the Financial Information Unit dated June 13, 2007,
 
 
 
 
which regulates article 21, sections a) and b) of Law No. 25,246 providing for the gathering of information in respect of suspicious transactions and their notification to the authorities.
 
Law No. 26,476, published and in force since December 24, 2008 and declared a public policy rule, establishes a system of tax regularization, promotion and protection of registered employment with priority for small and medium-sized entities, and of declaration and repatriation of capitals. Subjects who decide to adhere to the declaration and repatriation of capitals must comply with the provisions of Law No. 25,246 on asset laundering prevention. Excluded from its scope of application are the amounts deriving from conducts liable to be included in article 6 of Law No. 25,246, with the exception of tax evasion or attempted tax evasion situations. The Argentine Public Revenue Administration – the Argentine Tax Authority (AFIP) regulated this law on 2 February 2009.
 
Deposit Guarantee Insurance System

Law No. 24,485, published on April 18, 1995 and Decree No. 540/95 of the same date provided for the organization of a Bank Deposit Guarantee Insurance System. This system is limited, mandatory, and for valuable consideration, designed to provide coverage for risks inherent in bank deposits, as a subsidiary and supplementary protection to that offered by the system of bank deposit privileges and protection created by the Financial Institutions Law.
 
That Law provided for the organization of the company “Seguros de Depósitos Sociedad Anónima” to manage the Deposit Guarantee Fund, whose shareholders, as amended by Decree No. 1292/96, will be the Central Bank, with one share, as a minimum, and the trust made up of the financial institutions in such proportion as may be determined by the Central Bank for each one, based on their contributions to the Deposit Guarantee Fund.
 
This guarantee system does not include:
 
§ 
Deposits made by other financial institutions, including certificates of deposit acquired by secondary trading;
 
§ 
Deposits made by persons directly or indirectly related to the financial institution;
 
§ 
Deposits acquired by means of offering incentives, including deposits under the El Libretón program;
 
§ 
Certificates of deposit of securities, acceptances or guarantees;
 
§ 
Those deposits made after July 1, 1995 and to September 17, 1998, at a rate exceeding by two percentage points per annum or more than paid by the Banco Nación for similar terms and, after such date, at a rate exceeding by two percentage points per annum the rolling average for the last five banking days of the deposit rates found by the survey performed by the Central Bank; and
 
§ 
Certificates of deposit transferable whose ownership has been acquired by way of endorsement.
 
In August 1995, Seguros de Depósitos Sociedad Anónima was organized. We hold a 11.6992% equity interest in the company from December 31, 2008.
 
By Communication “A” 2337 of May 19, 1995, the Central Bank notified the financial institutions of the approval of the regulations on the application of the guarantee system as of April 18, 1995.
 
Decree No. 1127/98 dated September 24, 1998, increased the amount covered by the deposit guarantee system to Ps.30,000, irrespective of the term. In the case of transactions in the name of two or more persons, the guarantee will be prorated among the respective holders. The total guarantee amount by persons may not exceed Ps.30,000, regardless of the number of accounts and/or deposits.
 
The deposits for amounts over Ps.30,000 are also included in the guarantee system up to the Ps.30,000 limit. The Central Bank may decide at any time to amend the guarantee system cover amount based on continued consolidation of the Argentine financial system or any other indicators.
 
The Argentine insurance system was financed with monthly contributions by all financial institutions operating in Argentina, ranging from 0.03% to 0.06% of average peso and foreign currency deposits held by such financial institutions.
 
 
 
 
According to Communication “A” 3064 of the Central Bank, applicable to contributions from January 2000, financial institutions may choose to make a contribution to the Deposit Guarantee Fund equivalent to 50% of the amount mentioned in the preceding paragraph, and arrange a loan with Seguros de Depósitos Sociedad Anónima to provide for the remaining 50%.
 
Such loans are for a maximum term of 36 months, for each monthly loan, due on the twelfth day of the month in question. The balances owed for Deposit Guarantee Fund accrue an interest equivalent to the yield obtained from the placement to the Deposit Guarantee Fund resources in instruments that are similar to those chosen for the investment of foreign currency reserves of the Central Bank.
 
Under Communication “A” 3153 dated August 24, 2000, the Central Bank decided to cancel, effective September 2000, the obligation to lend to SEDESA 50% of the monthly contributions, and reduced these contributions to a rate ranging from 0.015% to 0.03% of the monthly average of deposits in pesos and foreign currency held at each entity.
 
As of December 2001 the contribution to the deposit guarantee fund made by the financial entities has had the following evolution:
 
§ 
“A” 3358 of November 9, 2001 of the Central Bank, contributions percentage increased to 0.03% effective as of the contribution due December 2001.
 
§ 
“A” 4206 of September 14, 2004 of the Central Bank, contributions percentage decreased to 0.02% effective as of the contribution due September 2004.
 
§ 
“A” 4271 of December 30, 2004 of the Central Bank, contributions percentage decreased to 0.015% effective as of the contribution due January 2005.
 
During 2002, Decree No. 214/02 of the Executive, in its Article 16, made changes to the provisions of Decree No. 540/95 as amended, which allowed SEDESA to issue nominative non-endorsable securities to be offered to depositors as payment of the deposit guarantee whenever it did not have sufficient funds to that effect. Such securities, whose conditions would be established for general purposes by the Central Bank, must be accepted by the financial entities in order to constitute deposits.
 
Credit Cards Law No. 25,065

Law No. 25,065, enacted in 1999, governs different aspects of the credit, purchase and debit card system. In its main aspects, this law: (i) creates an obligation to sign a contract between the bank and the holder of the credit card before the card is issued, (ii) fixes a maximum limit to financial interest charged on balances, which may not exceed by more than 25% the rate applied to personal loan transactions, (iii) sets a maximum 3% fee to be charged by the banks to commercial establishments, and is not entitled to charged commercial establishments in the same line of business with different rates and (iv) prohibits providing information to financial background databases regarding particulars of credit card holders in delinquent payment situations.
 
Law No. 26,361, enacted in 2008, amended article 50 of Law No. 25,065, thus empowering the Secretariat of the Domestic Commerce, dependent on the Ministry of Economy and Production, in those commercial aspects deriving from its function as authority of application, to issue regulatory provisions and exercise its powers to control, survey and determine compliance. The City of Buenos Aires and the Provinces will act as local authorities of application, with powers which they may delegate, if applicable, to their dependent bodies or to municipalities. Irrespective of the above, the national authority of application may act concurrently, even if the presumed infringements occur only within the scope of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires or the Provinces.
 
The Central Bank of the Argentine Republic, with the enforcement of Law No. 25,065, is the Authority of Application in matters concerning financial aspects unmodified to this date.
 
ITEM 4A. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.
 
 

 
ITEM 5. OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS

Considerations on Politics and Economy in Argentina

The Argentine economy performed favorably in 2004. In this respect, the following indicators are worth mentioning: i) an increase in the Treasury primary surplus that exceeded the targets agreed on in the short-term agreement with the International Monetary Fund; ii) a decrease and stabilization in the foreign exchange parity as a result of substantial trade surplus; iii) an increase of 9% in the GDP during the year; iv) stabilization of wholesale and retail inflation rates; v) greater stability in financial markets with an increase in bank deposits; and vi) a marked increase in the prices of publicly traded Government securities. Moreover, unemployment levels also showed considerable improvements reaching 12.1% during the fourth quarter of 2004, over 2 percentage points below the same rate of the same period of the previous year.
 
Exports from Argentina also benefited from high prices of commodities, especially the soy sector during the first semester of 2004. While export prices rose 9.3% during the year, the amounts exported only grew 6.6% mainly due to the fall in volumes of primary products as a result of the weather conditions that impacted on the soy harvest. Exports of industrial products rose by almost 24% during the year, led by automobile, chemical and plastic products. However, the trade surplus (of 12,105 million dollars) fell in comparison to the previous year due to the strong increase in imports that expanded by 62% once again led by capital goods purchases.
 
The key economic event during 2005 was the restructuring of the public debt in default since 2001 launched by the Government in February pursuant to which the Argentine Government offered its creditors three types of bonds (Par, Discount and Quasi-par) in exchange for the Argentine sovereign debt they held, as well as bonds in lieu of past due interest on such sovereign debt. The exchange offer encompassed U.S.$81,836 million in securities held by residents and non-residents, and achieved an acceptance rate of 76.15%. The new bonds issued after the exchange amounted to U.S.$35,261 million, 44% of which were denominated in pesos.
 
For the third consecutive year, in 2005 the economy grew by 9.2%. With an economy growing at high rates, inflationary pressures started to appear during the first quarter of the year. Regulated prices (mainly tariffs on public utilities) had a moderating impact on inflation, in spite of which the year ended with a 12.3% increase in consumer prices.
 
Greater optimism following the successful debt restructuring resulted in the return of positive capital flows to Argentina which added to the dollar surplus stemming from the trade balance. Increased export dynamics, mainly in manufactured industrial goods, was reflected in a 14.2% accrued growth of volumes exported in 2005. Thus, the trade surplus for the year closed at U.S.$11,663 million, only 3.6% below the 2004 trade surplus, despite the 28% growth of imports.
 
In this environment of abundant foreign exchange supply and with the public sector as the main buyer of dollars with the purpose of honoring debt commitments with multilateral organizations, the exchange rate closed 2005 at Ps.3.03 per dollar, slightly above December 2004 levels.
 
The Government was able to sustain fiscal solvency and the primary result of the non financial public sector reached 19,661 million pesos, more than 13% above previous year’s surplus. In general, improvements in tax collection were the result of an increased inflation, economic activity growth and reduction of tax evasion. In the second half of the year, primary expenses started to grow at a faster pace than revenues and this performance continued during the first quarter of 2006.
 
The year 2005 was characterized by higher interest payments and debt amortizations, of approximately U.S.$12,000 million that the Government had to face due to different reasons, including the completion of the debt restructuring process and the lack of agreement with the IMF during the year. By mid-December, the Government decided to pay off, completely and in advance, its U.S.$9,500 million debt with the IMF making use of accrued international reserves at the Central Bank. This transaction was carried out at the beginning of January 2006, replacing those reserves at the Central Bank by a dollar-denominated Government security with similar yield. In consequence, this operation brought relief to the principal payments due during the year. Furthermore, a favorable domestic and foreign economic environment made it possible for Argentina to issue debt for a nominal value of U.S.$5,365 million to partially roll-over maturities, and allowed the public sector to accumulate deposits in the banking system.
 
However, a substantial trade surplus together with greater capital inflows received in the last quarter of the year led to a quick build up of reserves, which by the end of the year amounted to U.S.$32.04 billion, more than U.S.$3.9 billion above their level at the end of 2005.
 
Economic activity continued to grow at a vigorous pace in 2006, despite a somewhat slower rate in the first quarter, so the year ended with an average increase of 8.5%, led by investment. Private consumption has grown at a strong rate but has not yet recovered
 
 
 
 
its share in the GDP prior to the crisis. Reflecting steady economic growth, the unemployment rate continued to decrease and reached a low of 8.7% in the fourth quarter of 2006, compared to 10.1% in the same period of the previous year.
 
During 2006, the Government managed to maintain fiscal solvency. The primary surplus of the non-financial public sector was Ps.23.2 billion, an increase of 17.8% compared to the result of the previous year. Tax collection increased at a strong pace, mainly driven by the social security contributions which increased at rates of around 50% per annum due to improvements in employment in formal labor markets and in nominal wages. With respect to primary expenses, the increase in capital expenditures all year round was essentially due to higher public investment.
 
In the first quarter of 2006, the inflation rate, greatly influenced by hikes in the prices of meat and other foodstuffs, averaged 1% monthly. The Government, which had been negotiating price agreements with supermarkets and producers in order to moderate inflationary expectations, took more drastic measures in April and limited the exports of beef and increased export duties on dairy products. This change in the regulations led to an increase in the domestic supply of meat which impacted prices and resulted in slightly lower inflation rates (0.6% monthly average) in the second quarter of 2006. However, in the last months of the year inflation seemed to regain momentum under the influence of certain seasonal items and a weakening of the price agreements, as a result of which the year closed with an overall increase of 9.8% in retail prices.
 
For the fifth consecutive year, the Argentine economy grew at a pace close to 8.7% in 2007, according to EMAE (Monthly Economic Activity Estimator) published by INDEC. For the first time since the devaluation, the services sectors, along with financial intermediation, grew at higher rates than the goods production sectors in the first three quarters of 2007. In this positive environment, employment market indicators continued to show improvements. Unemployment dropped 1.7 percentage points year over year on average in 2007.
 
Fiscal accounts tended to deteriorate during 2007. Tax collection grew by 33%, driven by VAT (IVA), tax on debits and credits on bank accounts, export taxes and Social Security contributions in particular. However, primary public spending accelerated at a faster pace than total fiscal revenues growing by 44% when compared to the previous year. The factors with the strongest impact on the increase in spending were social security services and transfers to the private sector. Additionally, public accounts were favorably impacted by the Retirement and Pensions Reform, which contributed an additional Ps.7,800 in revenues due to the transfer of the funds accumulated in the Private Pension Fund System (AFJPs) to the public social security system as affiliates switched for one system to another.
 
The Consumer Price Index (CPI) for Greater Buenos Aires (GBA) increased 8.5% year over year as of December 2007. Due to the fact that methodological changes introduced in the GBA CPI index were not applied in all the provinces, the national inflation rate, excluding the Greater Buenos Aires area, rose to 12.3% year over year to December 2007.
 
The economic activity in Argentina was affected in 2008 by several national and international events that resulted in a slowdown of the Argentine GDP growth rate. During the first half of the year, confrontations of the National Government with the agriculture and livestock sector, due to the introduction of escalating export duties on grain, led to a rise of the country risk level and to a fall of confidence. The impact of this phenomenon was partly cushioned by the large increase in the terms of trade during that period. However, during the second semester, the decline in global demand started to have an impact on the economy, the first sign of which was a fall of approximately 40% in agricultural raw materials prices. The worsening of the international financial crisis and the reform of the social security system in Argentina increased risk aversion and the demand for dollarized assets. In this context, after five years of expansion rates of more than 8.5% the rate of economy grew by 7% in 2008.
 
Unemployment had a slight decline in 2008, mainly due to a reduction in labor force participation since there was a certain stagnation in the creation of new jobs.
 
Public accounts benefited from pension fund reform as personal contributions from workers previously affiliated to private pension funds were transferred to the pay-as-you go state-owned scheme in December. Primary surplus reached Ps.32,529 million, which represents 3.15% of GDP.
 
The Argentine terms of trade increased by 12.9% on average during 2008, due to an increase in international prices of raw materials. Exports increased by 26.5% as a result of the high prices of these exported products during most of the year. On the other hand, imports grew by 28.4%, at the same rate as the previous year. During the last quarter, both exports and imports slowed down sharply as a consequence of the international financial crisis.
 
Higher portfolio dollarization during May and October resulted in higher volatility in the exchange rate as compared to previous years. In the last quarter of the year, the worsening of the international crisis caused severe currency depreciations within Argentina’s
 
 
 
 
main trading partners, such as Brazil, Chile and Europe, and boosted the devaluation of the Argentine peso. The exchange rate (BCRA reference) finally increased by 9% in 2008, closing at an average rate of 3.42 pesos to the dollar in December.
 
Effects of Recent Events on BBVA Banco Francés

Substantially all of our operations, property and customers are located in Argentina. Consequently, following the 2002 crisis and the package of government measures described elsewhere in this annual report, our financial condition and results of operations were deeply affected. During 2002, our business activities contracted compared to historical levels since December 2001, and liquidity needs led to a suspension of most of our new loans. Our structural strengths, our reaction capacity and our adjustment to the new economic environment were the pillars of our performance in 2002. We responded to the deepening of the crisis by prioritizing liquidity, substituting foreign currency funds with domestic currency funds and satisfying the growing demand for transactional business, while adjusting the operating structure to the new business profile.
 
Following a four-year recession, the economy began to recover in 2003 and deposits flowed back into the system. This positive trend continued during the following years both in terms of economic activity and fiscal solvency, with stable prices and exchange rates, while in the financial system peso and dollar deposits continued to grow and loans to the private sector accelerated their recovery. The economic activity in Argentina was affected in 2008 by several national and international events that resulted in a slowdown of the Argentine GDP growth rate. In this context, after five years of expansion rates of more than 8.5%, the rate of economy was 7% in 2008. Unemployment had a slight decline in 2008. Primary fiscal surplus reached Ps.32.5 billion, which represents 3.15% of GDP. The CPI of the Buenos Aires Metropolitan Area increased 7.2% in 2008. The Argentine trade exchange increased 10% on average upgrade during 2008. Trade surplus did not contribute to the accrual of provisions as in previous years, since domestic and international events stressed distrust, causing a capital outflow from the private sector. The Central Bank became a net seller of dollars on the exchange market (to stabilize currency depreciation expectations) as a consequence of a large demand of this currency, which had not occurred in previous years. A portfolio dollarization occurred during May and October, which caused a higher volatility in the exchange rate as compared to previous years. In the last quarter of the year, the worsening of the international financial crisis caused severe currency depreciations of Argentina’s main trading partners, such as Brazil, Chile and Europe, and boosted the devaluation of the Argentine peso, which had stabilized in July and August below the beginning of the year rate. In this framework, the exchange rate (BCRA reference) finally increased by 9% in 2008, closing at an average rate of 3.42 pesos to the dollar (3.4537 $/U.S.$ on the last day of the year).
 
In 2008, we concentrated our efforts on implementing the following measures:
 
§ 
Increase private sector loans focusing in the middle-market and retail segments;
 
§ 
Increase retail deposits, expanding current and savings accounts participation over CDs;
 
§ 
Further develop the transactional business as a source of fee income;
 
§ 
Emphasize service quality and increase cross-selling, through an effective promotion and advertising campaign; and
 
§ 
Improve our assets and liabilities structure (including the valuation adjustments made in public sector assets, given the decrease in public sector assets’ market value and completing the amortization of legal injunctions).
 
Critical Accounting Policies

Our Consolidated Financial Statements are prepared in accordance with the rules prescribed by the Central Bank, which differ in certain respects from generally accepted accounting principles in Argentina, as described in Notes 3 and 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. These rules require BBVA Banco Francés and its subsidiaries to make some estimates and assumptions. Some of these estimates require difficult, subjective or complex judgments about matters that are inherently uncertain, and as a result, actual results could differ from those estimates. Due to the estimation process involved, the following summarized accounting policies and their applications are considered to be critical to understanding the business operations, financial condition and results of operations of BBVA Banco Francés and its subsidiaries.
 


 
Allowance for Commercial Loan Losses

BBVA Banco Francés provides for estimated possible losses on loans and the related accrued interest generally through the establishment of an allowance for loan losses. The allowance for commercial loan losses charged to expense is determined by management based on a periodic analysis of updated financial information provided by the debtor at the request of BBVA Banco Francés. The basic assessment criterion is the future debt payment capacity or the collateral granted to BBVA Banco Francés on the basis of the estimated cash flow. BBVA Banco Francés also takes into account other circumstances such as timely compliance with obligations, qualified and honest management, whether the company is engaged in economic activities with acceptable prospects and the competitiveness of the debtor within its industry.
 
On the basis of these conditions, the customer is placed in any of the six categories established by the Central Bank that have been assigned minimum fixed allowance requirements. Based on its analysis, BBVA Banco Francés books additional allowances for certain debtors, which does not require recategorizing the debtor under the rules of the Central Bank. The use of different estimates or assumptions could result in different allowances for commercial loan losses.
 
Contingent Liabilities

We are subject to proceedings, lawsuits and other claims related to labor, commercial, civil and other matters. We make determinations of the amount of reserves required, if any, for these contingencies after a careful analysis of each individual issue. The required reserves may change in the future due to new developments in each matter or changes in the settlement strategy.
 
The Bank is a defendant in several actions in which the petitioner claims the government measures taken with respect to their deposits during the economic crisis was a violation of constitutional law. Several judges in these actions have issued injunctions against BBVA Banco Francés ordering: 1) the reimbursement of deposits in amounts larger than those provided for under current legislation, 2) the release of rescheduled deposits or 3) inapplicability of the “emergency framework” legislation passed by the National Congress and the measures issued by the Federal Executive or the Central Bank. In the decision in re “Massa, Juan Agustín versus National Executive Branch - Decree 1570/ and others following petitions for protection of civil rights under Law No. 16.986” dated December 27, 2006, the Supreme Court confirmed by the majority vote of its members the validity of the emergency legislation enacted from 2001 and until the date of that pronouncement; i.e., the Supreme Court accepted the re-denomination into pesos of deposits as well as the calculation methodology for the reimbursement of the bank deposits subject to the emergency regime imposed by the Government which unconstitutionality was claimed in the case mentioned. This decision by the Supreme Court establishes a calculation modality different from the modality decreed by the Executive Branch, establishing in this particular case the following criteria: each depositor is entitled to receive from the banking institution a reimbursement of the amount deposited converted into pesos at the U.S.$1 = Ps.1.40 exchange rate, adjusted by CER until the date of effective payment, plus compensatory interest at the annual, non compoundable 4% interest rate accruing as from the establishment of restrictions upon the availability of bank deposits or as from the date of maturity of the deposit if it was subsequent to February 28, 2002 subject to the monetary limit resulting from the decision handed down by the Court of Appeals, in so far as its judgment has not been appealed by the plaintiff. This criterion remains in a more recent judgment, “Kujarchuk versus the Argentine Executive Branch”, in which The Supreme Court lays down a methodology that consists of calculating the amount to be reimbursed in Pesified deposits in the event there had been partial reimbursements or deliveries through a comparison to the amounts withdrawn by the bank as a result of decisions handed down by a court or resulting from out-of-court arrangements. Those payments shall be deemed to be partial payments and that a deduction is to be performed out of the original deposit denominated in foreign currency of the percentage that, when converted into such currency, is represented by such payments converted into dollars at the exchange rate quoted in the floating foreign exchange market prevailing on each date. The amounts withdrawned on such concepts are to be consolidated and deducted according to the rules there established and always according to the guidelines of the Massa judgment. Additionally, the Court has placed a cap on the amount pending reimbursement equivalent to the limit established by the Court of Appeals, and if applicable, the value in dollars of the original deposit. As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, BBVA Banco Francés has estimated this contingency and it has raised allowances for the total amount.
 
At December 31, 2008, as described in Note 3.4.13 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, the Bank records as an intangible asset the difference in nominal terms between the deposit at the free market exchange rate at the moment of each payment compared to the book value of 1.40 pesos per dollar plus CER to that date. This asset is being amortized in 60 monthly installments from April 2003. As of December 31, 2008 these assets have been fully amortized, with the total accumulated amortization as of December 31, 2008 amounting to 1,246,980 pesos. Moreover, BBVA Banco Francés has stated in a note to the Financial Statements that the amortization described above is charged solely to comply with the regulations of the Central Bank and that it should not be interpreted as an implicit waiver of possible compensation or recovery of the exchange rate differences resulting from the compliance with court orders granted in actions seeking the protection of civil rights or other legal actions derived from the mandatory conversion of bank deposits into pesos.
 
 
 
 
Fair Value

We prepare our financial statements in accordance with the rules of the Central Bank related thereto, which differ from U.S. GAAP in valuing financial instruments. U.S. GAAP requires financial instruments to be valued at fair value. We estimated the fair value as the amount at which a financial instrument could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties, other than in a forced sale or liquidation, and such value was best evidenced by a quoted market price, if one existed. In cases where quoted market prices were not available, fair value estimation was based on the quoted market price of a financial instrument with similar characteristics, the present value of expected future cash flows, or other valuation techniques, all of which were significantly affected by the assumptions used (see Note 20.14 to Consolidated Financial Statements).
 
Although we used our best judgment in estimating the fair value of these financial instruments, there are inherent weaknesses in any estimation technique. As a result, the fair value may not be indicative of the net realizable or liquidation value. Moreover, minor changes in the assumptions used could have a significant impact on the resulting estimated fair values.
 
For a detailed description of the applicable accounting principles, please see Note 3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
Differences Between Central Bank Rules and Generally Accepted Accounting Principles Effective in the City of Buenos Aires

The most significant valuation differences between the rules prescribed by the Central Bank and the professional accounting standards effective in the City of Buenos Aires are detailed below (see Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements).
 
§ 
Valuation Criteria
 
(1) 
National Government Secured loans

As detailed in Note 4.1(a) to the Consolidated Financial Statements, and as a consequence of the provisions of Decree No. 1387/01, on November 6, 2001, the Bank exchanged national government securities, bonds, treasury bills and/or unsecured loans with the National Government for a face value of U.S.$3,291,795 thousands for Secured loans. At December 31, 2008 and 2007, those loans are recorded under “Loans – to the Public Sector” amounting to 2,400,511 and 2,367,869, respectively, in accordance with the criterion described in Note 3.4.3.
In accordance with Resolution CD No. 290/01 of the Consejo Profesional de Ciencias Económicas de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (“CPCECABA”), at December 31, 2008 and 2007, these assets should have been valued considering the respective quotation values of the swapped bonds at November 6, 2001, delivered in exchange and the increase sustained as a result of the interest accrued according to the internal rate of return.

(2) 
Effects caused by court measures related to deposits (constitutional protection actions)

As mentioned in Note 3.4.13, as of December 31, 2007, the Bank recorded assets amounting to 57,489 (whose original value had been 1,196,676) under “Intangible Assets – Organization and Development Non Deductible Expenses” account corresponding to differences resulting from compliance with the court measures generated by the payment of deposits in the financial system within the framework of Law No. 25,561, Decree No. 214/02 and complementary regulations, as established by Communication “A” 3916 of the BCRA. In accordance with professional accounting standards currently in force in the City of Buenos Aires, the amount detailed above should have been covered by an allowance up to the concurrence of the balance that represents the best possible estimate of the amounts to be recovered, an amount that could not be objectively determined as of that date.

(3) 
Tax Effects

As it is indicated in Note 5.1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, the Bank has received various communications from the BCRA pursuant to which that BCRA indicates that the capitalization of items arising from the application of the deferred tax method is not allowed. In accordance with professional accounting standards currently in force in the City of Buenos Aires, a deferred tax asset should be recognized to the extent the reversal of temporary differences generates a future decrease in the tax effectively determined. As a result, the allowances set up by the Bank in this respect, for 193,552 and 55,500 as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively, should be recovered. In addition, the Bank has tax loss carryforwards estimated to be applied against taxable income for the current fiscal year.
 
 


(4) 
Derivative financial instruments

As explained in Notes 3.4.14 and 11, as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, the Bank recorded the effects of interest rate swap agreements as established by the BCRA. Should the Bank have applied the professional accounting standards currently applicable, the stockholders’ equity would have decreased in 3,581 and 7,433, respectively.

In all other material respects, Central Bank rules are consistent with generally accepted accounting principles in the City of Buenos Aires.
 
§ 
Aspects related to disclosure of information
 
Holdings available for sale

As disclosed in Note 3.4.2., the Bank charged to the account “Unrealized valuation difference” in stockholders' equity a loss of 181,119 and a loss of 42,796, as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively, which reflects the difference between the cost of addition of these holdings and increased by the accrual of the internal rate of return and the value as quoted of Government securities and instruments issued by the BCRA, classified as Holdings available for sale. The professional accounting standards in force in the City of Buenos Aires do not endorse this accounting treatment. As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, 138,323 (loss) and 42,796 (loss), respectively, should have been charged to income for each fiscal year.

Differences Between Other Regulatory Bodies and Accepted Accounting Principles Effective in the City of Buenos Aires

(1) 
Consolidar A.F.J.P. S.A.: as of December 31, 2007, the intangible assets, whose book value amounted to 8,745, were amortized in accordance with the standards of the A.F.J.P.’s Superintendence.

As of December 31, 2008, these assets have been fully amortized.

(2) 
Consolidar A.F.J.P. S.A., Consolidar Cía. de Seguros de Retiro S.A. and Consolidar Cía. de Seguros de Vida S.A.: loans secured by the National Government - Decree 1387/01 held by these subsidiaries amounting to 1,034,959 and 952,106 as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, were valued in accordance with the regulations of the Superintendence of Pension Fund Administrators (A.F.J.P) and the National Superintendence of Insurance.

(3) 
Consolidar Cía. de Seguros de Retiro S.A.: the portfolio of Government securities in investment accounts has been booked in accordance with the standards of the National Superintendence of Insurance.

(4) 
Consolidar Cía. de Seguros de Retiro S.A. and Consolidar Cía de Seguros de Vida S.A.: a part of its portfolio of instruments issued by the BCRA has been recorded in investment accounts, and they have been valued as per Communication “A” 4698 of the BCRA. The net difference with the market values as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 amounted to 7,011 (loss) and 117 (income), respectively.

(5) 
The items included under the captions Subsidiaries’ other assets and Subsidiaries’ other liabilities were valued in accordance with the regulations of the National Superintendence of Insurance.

(6) 
Consolidar Cía de Seguros de Retiro S.A.: the Company included the balance from the technical commitments incurred with the insured in the Other Liabilities caption. The abovementioned caption includes 13,084 and 22,099 at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively, corresponding to the regularizing account called “Unaccrued secured loans valuation difference” which, as established by the National Superintendence of Insurance, will be settled through subsequent accrual of the regularizing accounts of secured loans. In accordance with professional accounting standards currently in force in the City of Buenos Aires, such amount should have been recorded as a loss for the year ended December 31, 2003.

(7) 
The commissions paid by PSA Finance Argentina Cía Financiera S.A. to dealers for granting financing to companies and to the public in general in connection with purchases and sales of automobiles, which in accordance with the rules established by the Argentine Central Bank are charged to the Income Statement, should be accrued throughout the duration of the loans generated by said dealers in accordance with currently applicable professional accounting standards. Had this criterion been applied, shareholders’ equity would have been increased by 5,720 and 3,115 at the close of each fiscal year.
 
 
 
 
(8) 
Upon booking the effects of the interest rate swaps as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, Consolidar Cía de Seguros de Retiro S.A. abided by the rules established by the National Superintendence of Insurance. Had the currently applicable professional accounting standards been applied, the shareholders’ equity in the Consolidated Financial Statements would have been increased by 3,950 and 2,550 at the close of each fiscal year.

Operating Results

The Bank presents its financial statements in equivalent purchasing power, following the restatement method established by FACPCE Technical Resolution No. 6 (modified by Technical Resolution No. 19), using an adjustment rate derived from the internal WPI published by the INDEC.
 
According to the above mentioned method, the accounting measurements were restated according to the purchasing power changes of August 31, 1995. As of that date, based on the prevailing economic stability conditions and according with CNV General Resolution No. 272 and Central Bank Communication “A” 2365, the accounting measures were not restated through December 31, 2001. In light of CNV General Resolution No. 415 and Central Bank Communication “A” 3702, the method was reinstated effective as of January 1, 2002, considering the previous accounting measures restated as of December 31, 2001.
 
By means of Communication “A” 3921 of the Central Bank and CNV General Resolution No. 441/03 in compliance with Decree No. 664/03 of the Executive Branch, the application of the restatement method on financial statements in equivalent purchasing power has been suspended as of March 1, 2003. Accordingly, BBVA Banco Francés applied the mentioned restatement only until February 28, 2003.
 
The following discussion is based upon information contained in the Consolidated Financial Statements and should be read in conjunction with them. The Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with the rules of the Central Bank related thereto (Argentine Banking GAAP), which differ in certain respects from Argentine GAAP and U.S. GAAP. The principal differences between Argentine Banking GAAP and U.S. GAAP are discussed in Note 20 to the Consolidated Financial Statements as they relate to us, together with a reconciliation to U.S. GAAP of our net income and total stockholders’ equity. For a more detailed description of the accounting principles and considerations used in preparing the following discussion, see “Presentation of Financial Information”. Additionally the information set forth below for the fiscal year ended December 2004 has been modified from its original version to apply the adjustments to prior years’ income (loss).
 
On June 28, 2006 the Bank sold its entire interest in Credilogros Compañía Financiera S.A. Accordingly, the Financial Statements for the fiscal year ended on December 31, 2005 include the consolidation of Credilogros Compañía Financiera S.A. For more information see Note 1.4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
Results of Operations for the Fiscal Years Ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006.

Overview
 
Our net income for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 was Ps.321.5 million. This income was mainly due to a 36.87% decrease in Other Expenses, a 41.04% decrease in Allowances for Loan Losses, a 114.33% decrease on Minority Interest in Subsidiaries, a 37.95% decrease in Income Tax and a 0.64% increase in Service Charge Income. This income was partially offset by a 25.73% increase in Operating Expenses, a 11.98% decrease in Gross Intermediation Margin, a 51.41% increase in Service Charge Expenses and a 6.62% decrease in Other Income.
 
Our net income for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 was Ps.235.0 million. This income was mainly due to a 163.42% increase in Other Income, a 29.14% increase in Service Charge Income, a 29.70% decrease in Income Tax, a 49.92% decrease in loss on Minority Interest in Subsidiaries and a 11.21% decrease in Allowances for Loan Losses. This income was partially offset by a 10.62% decrease in Gross Intermediation Margin, a 32.08% increase in Other Expenses, a 21.22% increase in Operating Expenses, and a 44.22% increase in Service Charge Expenses.
 

 
 
Financial Income
 
Our Financial Income increased 19.69% to Ps.2,279.1 million for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 from Ps.1,904.2 million for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, which in turn decreased 1.66% from Ps.1,936.4 million for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006. The components of our Financial Income are reflected in the following table.
 
   
Fiscal Year Ended December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
   
(in thousands of pesos)
 
Interest on cash and due from banks
    11,745       20,202       17,353  
Interest on loans to the financial sector
    187,728       146,833       91,875  
Interest on overdraft
    264,989       164,659       102,072  
Interest on loans with privileged guarantees
    162,553       79,353       52,260  
Interest on credit card loans
    107,461       55,026       30,485  
Interest on other loans
    886,606       640,477       543,662  
Net income from government and private securities
          319,666       559,877  
Interest from other receivables from financial transactions
    20,175       23,757       35,314  
Indexation by benchmark stabilization coefficient (CER)
    199,209       210,342       354,566  
Other
    438,638       243,897       148,940  
Total
    2,279,104       1,904,212       1,936,404  

The increase in Financial Income during fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 was mainly due to a increase in Interest on other loans, Other financial income, Interest on overdraft, Interest on loans with privileged guarantees, Interest on credit card loans and Interest on loans to the financial sector. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in Net income from government and private securities, which in the fiscal year ended Decembre 31, 2008 the Bank registered a loss of Ps.288.1, Indexation by benchmark stabilization coefficient (CER), Interest in cash and due from banks and Interest from other receivables from financial transactions. This variation reflected the increase in average volume of assets partially offset by a decrease in nominal interest rate of interest earning assets.
 
The decrease in Financial Income during fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 was mainly due to a decrease in Net income on government and private securities, because of the sales of National Government Secured Loans and Securities performed during the first quarter of the fiscal year, Indexation by benchmark stabilization coefficient (CER), and Interest from other receivables from financial transaccions. These decreases were partially offset by increases in Interest on Other loans, Interests on overdraft, Interest on loans to the Financial sector, Interests on loans with privileged guarantees and Interest on credit card loans, Interest on cash and due from Banks and Other income mainly due to foreign exchange transactions. This variation reflected the decrease in average nominal Interest rate partially offset by increases in average volume of interest earning assets.
 
The following table sets forth the changes in financial income due to increases (decreases) in volume and increases (decreases) in nominal rates of average interest-earning assets. Such financial income excludes exchange differences and premiums or forward sales of foreign exchange.
 
   
December 31 2008
vs.
December 31 2007
Increase (Decrease)
   
December 31 2007
vs.
December 31 2006
Increase (Decrease)
 
   
(in thousands of pesos)
   
(in thousands of pesos)
 
Financial Income due to changes in the volume of interest-earning assets
    217,088       373,986  
Financial Income due to changes in average nominal rates of interest-earning assets
    (205,066 )     (371,639 )
Financial Income due to changes in the volume and average nominal rates of interest-earning assets
    (25,371 )     (74,056 )
Net Change
    (13,349 )     (71,709 )

 

 
Financial Expenses
 
Financial Expenses increased 76.68% to Ps.1,201.7 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 from Ps.680.1 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 and increased 19,67% from Ps.568,3% million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006. The components of our Financial Expenses are reflected in the following table.
 
   
Fiscal Year Ended December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
   
(in thousands of pesos)
 
Interest on checking accounts
    28,083       23,180       29,913  
Interest on savings deposits
    8,713       6,598       4,811  
Interest on time deposit (1)
    724,771       492,716       307,084  
Interest from other liabilities from financial transactions
    28,486       26,627       37,650  
Indexation by benchmark stabilization coefficient (CER)
    7,212       49,230       121,321  
Net income from government and private securities
    288,141              
Net income from options
    100              
Other
    116,175       81,780       67,566  
Total
    1,201,681       680,131       568,345  

(1) 
Includes interest on “CEDROS”.

Taxes on Financial Income and Contributions to the Bank Deposit Guarantee Insurance System, included in Financial Expense—Other, amounted to Ps.90.8 million as of December 31, 2008, Ps.62.6 million as of December 31, 2007 and Ps.44.3 million as of December 31, 2006.
 
Contributions to the Bank Deposit Guarantee Insurance System increased during fiscal year 2008 and 2007 due to increases in volume of time, savings and demand deposits.
 
The following table sets forth the changes in Financial Expenses due to the increases in volume and increases of nominal rates of average interest-bearing liabilities. Such Financial Expense excludes exchange rate variations and premiums on forward purchases of foreign exchange, contributions to Bank Deposit Guarantee Insurance System, mandatory contributions and taxes on interest income.
 
   
December 31, 2008
vs.
December 31, 2007
Increase
   
December 31, 2007
vs.
December 31, 2006
Increase
 
   
(in thousands of pesos)
   
(in thousands of pesos)
 
Financial Expense due to changes in the volume of interest-bearing liabilities
    54,431       82,555  
Financial Expense due to changes in average nominal rates of interest-bearing liabilities
    128,218       9,164  
Financial Expense due to changes in the volume and average nominal rates of interest-bearing liabilities
    11,875       1,070  
Net Change
    194,524       92,789  

Our average interest-bearing liabilities increased 8.47% from Ps.11.8 billion in fiscal year 2007 to Ps.12.8 billion in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008. This increase was mainly attributable to increases in savings accounts, time deposits, borrowing from the Central Bank, borrowing from other financial entities and other liabilities partially offset by a decrese in corporate bonds issued, which were cancelled in fiscal year 2007. Average dollar-denominated and peso-denominated savings accounts increased 29.85% and 16.16% from Ps.917.1 million and Ps.2,790.9 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 to Ps.1,190.8 million and Ps.3,242.0 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008. Average dollar-denominated time deposits increased 27.90% from Ps.1,062.9 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 to Ps.1,359.5 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 and average peso-denominated time deposits decreseased 2.80% from Ps.5,897.5 in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 to Ps.5,732.4 in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008.
 
Our average interest-bearing liabilities increased 15.69% from Ps.10.2 billion in fiscal year 2006 to Ps.11.8 billion in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007. This increase was mainly attributable to increases in saving deposits, certificates of deposits, borrowings from other financial entities and other liabilities, partially offset by decreases in corporate bonds issued and borrowings from the Central Bank. Average dollar-denominated time deposits increased 44.21% from Ps.737.1 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006 to Ps.1062.9 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007. Average peso-denominated time deposits increased 15.35% to Ps.5,897.5 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, from Ps.5,112.7 million in the fiscal year ended
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2006. Average dollar-denominated and peso-denominated saving deposits increased 17.70% and 19.15% from Ps.772.6 million and Ps.2,342.3 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006, to Ps.917.1 million and Ps.2,790.9 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006, respectively. Average corporate bonds issued decreased 84.58% from Ps.271.7 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006 to Ps.41.9 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007.
 
See “Information on the Company—Selected Statistical Information—Changes in Interest Income and Interest Expense; Volume and Rate Analysis”.
 
Gross Intermediation Margin
 
Our Gross Intermediation Margin (defined as Financial Income less Financial Expenses) of Ps.1,077.4 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008, represented a 11.98% decreased over our Gross Intermediation Margin of Ps.1,224.0 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 which in turn represented a 10.52% decrease over our Gross Intermediation Margin of Ps.1,368.1 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006.
 
The following table sets forth the changes in Gross Intermediation Margin:
 
   
December 31, 2008
 vs.
December 31, 2007
Increase (Decrease)
   
December 31, 2007
 vs.
December 31, 2006
Increase (Decrease)
 
   
(in thousands of pesos)
   
(in thousands of pesos)
 
Gross Intermediation Margin due to changes in the volume of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities
    162,657       291,432  
Gross Intermediation Margin due to changes in average nominal rates of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities
    (333,284 )     (380,802 )
Gross Intermediation Margin due to changes in the volume and average nominal rates of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities
    (37,246 )     (75,126 )
Net Change
    (207,873 )     (164,496 )
 
The decrease in the Gross Intermediation Margin in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 was principally due to a decrease in the yield spread (nominal basis) from 5.24% in the fiscal year ended December 2007 to 2.95% in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008, and to decreases in average nominal rates of interest-earning assets and with the increase of average nominal rates of interest-bearing liabilities partially offset by increase in the volume of interest-earning assets and with the decrease in the volume of interest-bearing liabilities.
 
The decrease in the Gross Intermediation Margin in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 was principally due to a decrease in the yield spread (nominal basis) from 7.95% in the fiscal year ended December 2006 to 5.24% in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, and to decreases in average nominal rates of interest-earning assets combined with the increase of interest and volume of interest-bearing liabilities partially offset by increases in the volume of interest-earning assets.
 
See “Information on the Company—Selected Statistical Information—Average Balance Sheets, Interest Earned on Interest-Earning Assets and Interest Paid on Interest-Bearing Liabilities”, “ Interest-Earning Assets: Net Interest Margin and Spread”.
 
Allowance for Loan Losses

Loan loss provisions totaled Ps.36.7 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008, a 41.04% decrease over Ps.62.3 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 which in turn represents a 11,21% decrease over Ps.70.1 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006. The decreases in fiscal years ended December 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007 were mainly due to a relocalization of the generic provisions excess in the loan portfolio.
 
Our non-performing loan portfolio amounted to Ps.110.7 million at December 31, 2008, a 75.77% increase over Ps.63.0 million at December 31, 2007 which in turn represents a 21,16% decrease over Ps.79.9 million at December 31, 2006.
 
The non-performing loan portfolio ratio increased to 0.87% at December 31, 2008 from 0.54% at December 31, 2007 which in turn decreased from 0.82% at December 31, 2006.
 
Our management believes that our allowance for loan losses is adequate to cover any known losses and any losses inherent in its loan portfolio. For a discussion of our policy with respect to the establishment of our allowance for loan losses see “Information on the Company—Selected Statistical Information—Allowance for Loan Losses and Loan Loss Experience”.
 
 
 
 
 
Service Charge Income

Service Charge Income was Ps.1,190.4 million for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008, Ps.1,182.8 million for fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 and Ps.915.9 million for fiscal year ended December 31, 2006. The fiscal year 2008 amount represented a 0.64% increase from the amount earned in fiscal year 2007. The fiscal year 2007 amount represented a 29,14% increase from the amount earned in fiscal year 2006.
 
The following table provides a breakdown of our Service Charge Income by category.
 
   
Fiscal Year Ended December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
   
(in thousands of pesos)
 
Service charges on deposit accounts
    301,470       231,149       175,121  
Credit card operations
    227,626       150,947       97,250  
Other fees related to foreign trade
    57,833       47,687       39,192  
Credit-related fees
    70,443       37,823       18,114  
Fund management fees
    228,408       486,066       401,107  
Capital markets and securities activities
    13,893       10,608       11,332  
Rental of safety deposit boxes
    23,354       17,400       14,038  
Fees related to guarantees
    1,195       797       1,093  
Insurance agency
    94,771       65,835       44,707  
Other
    171,424       134,477       113,921  
Total
    1,190,417       1,182,789       915,875  
 
 
Service charges on deposit accounts are comprised principally of maintenance fees and on checking and savings accounts and transaction fees on checking accounts. These fees increased 31.99% from Ps.175.1 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006 to Ps.231.1 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 and increased 30.42% to Ps.301.5 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008. The increases in the fiscal years 2007 and 2008 were mainly due to increases in the volume and number of transactions of such accounts. At December 31, 2008, we had 1,891,183 of such accounts compared to 1,654,387 such accounts at December 2007 and compared to the 1,443,965 such accounts at December 31, 2006.
 
Income from credit cards operations, which consists of customer fees, retailer transaction fees, merchant processing fees and penalty charges, increased 55.22% from Ps.97.3 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006 to Ps.151.0 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, and in turn increased 50.80% to Ps.227.6 million in fiscal year ended December 31, 2008. The increases in the fiscal years 2007 and 2008 were mainly due to increases in activity, in the use of credit cards and in the volume of credit cards issued. At December 31, 2008, the total number of credit cards we issued amounted to 1,361,791 compared to 1,111,049 at December 31, 2007 and to 1,017,974 at December 31, 2006.
 
Fees related to foreign trade increased 21.70% from Ps.39.2 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006 to Ps.47.7 million un the year ended December 31, 2007, and in turn increased 21.28% to Ps.57.8 millions in the year ended December 31, 2008. The increases in the fiscal years 2007 and 2008 were mainly due to increases in volume of foreign trade.
 
Credit related fees increased 108.80% from Ps.18.1 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006 to Ps.37.8 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, which in turn increased 86.24% to Ps.70.4 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008. These increases were mainly due to the increase in granting of new loans by our PSA subsidiary for the purchase of new and second hand cars.
 
Fees related to fund management increased 21.18% from Ps.401.1 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006 to Ps.486.1 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, but decreased 53.01% to Ps.228.4 in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008, owed principally to the transfer of members to the previsional public regime (see Note 14 to the Consolidated Financial Statements) and the decrease of the commission of administration and to the amount of the benefit of transitory retirement for invality (at the expense of a fund of mutual contributions created to this purpose) applicable to the remunerations earned from April 2007 partially compensated for an increase of the tax base to determine the above mentioned commissions, as consequence of the restructuring of AFJPs’s system. Funds under management grew to Ps.17.3 billion in the fiscal year 2007 from Ps.16.7 billion in the fiscal year 2006. By reason of the implementation of the new Argentine Integrated Social-Security Scheme (SIPA) Consolidar AFJP transferred such rights to ANSES for an amount of approximately Ps.14.0 billion.
 
 
 
 
Income from capital markets and securities activities principally represents fees from underwriting and placement of corporate bonds, commercial paper and equity securities. It also reflects fees for our corporate advisory business, but excludes gains from trading Government Securities. Trading gains or loss are included in “Financial Income” or “Financial Expenses”, respectively, under “Net income from Government and Private Securities”. Finally, income from capital markets and securities activities also includes brokerage commissions earned by Francés Valores, BBVA Banco Francés’ securities brokerage subsidiary, but does not include similar income earned by BBVA Banco Francés itself, which is recorded as “Financial Income” under “Net income from Government and Private Securities”.
 
Income from capital markets and securities activities increased 30.97% to Ps.13.9 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 from Ps.10.6 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, mainly due to the increase in activity in placement of bonds and securities of private sector enterprises, which in turned increased 6.4% from Ps.11.3 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006.
 
Rental of safety deposit boxes increased 24.00% from Ps.14.0 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006 to Ps.17.4 million in the fiscal year December 31, 2007, and further increased 34.22% to Ps.23.4 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008. These increases were mainly due to the increase in the demand of this service and to increases in prices.
 
Fees related to guarantees decreased 27.10% from Ps.1.1 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006 to Ps.0.8 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 and in turn increased 49.94% to Ps.1.2 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008. The variations of this item reflects the major or minor activity related to this line of products.
 
Fees related to insurance agency increased 47.30% from Ps.44.7 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006 to Ps.65.8 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 and in turn increased 43.95% to Ps.94.8 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008. These increases were due to the increase in consumer economic activity.
 
Other service charge income increased 18.04% from Ps.113.9 million in the fiscal year ended December 2006 to Ps.134.5 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 and in turn increased 27.47% to Ps.171.4 million in fiscal year ended December 31, 2008, mainly due to an increase in fees for use and transactions in ATMs.
 
Service Charge Expenses
 
Service charge expenses, which consist of fees that we paid principally to other financial institutions and taxes on service charge income, increased 44.22% from Ps.110.2 million in the year ended December 31, 2006 to Ps.158.9 million in the year ended December 31, 2007 and in turn increased 51.41% to Ps.240.6 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 mainly as result of the increase in commissions paid by us and in service charge income.
 
Operating Expenses
 
Our operating expenses increased 25.73% to Ps.1,413.4 millon in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 from Ps.1,124.2 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 which in turn increased 21.22% from Ps.927.4 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006.
 
Operating expenses increased in the fiscal year 2008 mainly because of increases in: (i) personnel expenses, (ii) other operating expenses, (iii) fees and external administrative service, (iv) credit card advertising and issuance expenses, (v) maintenance and repairs, (vi) taxes, (vii) rent, (viii) amortization of organization and development expenses, (ix) courier transportation, (x) depreciation of Bank premises and equipment, (xi) advertising and promotion, (xii) utilities and (xiii) business travel and development. Such increases were partially offset by a decrease in staff welfare.
 
Operating expenses increased in the fiscal year 2007 mainly because of increases in: (i) in personnel expenses, (ii) advertising and promotion, (iii) fees and external administrative service, (iv) credit card advertising and issuance expenses, (v) staff welfare, (vi) other operating expenses, (vii) maintenance and repairs, (viii) depreciation of Bank premises and equipment, (ix) taxes, (x) courier transportation, (xi) utilities, (xii) rent, and (xiii) business travel and development. Such increases were partially offset by a decrease in amortization of organization and development expenses.
 
 

 
The components of our Operating Expenses are reflected in the following table:
 
   
Fiscal Year Ended December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
   
(in thousands of pesos)
 
Personnel expenses
    707,198       545,408       452,919  
Fees and external administrative services
    59,268       37,145       17,492  
Taxes
    63,235       52,119       46,937  
Utilities
    28,995       24,977       21,216  
Depreciation of Bank property and equipment
    42,468       37,203       31,781  
Credit card advertising and issuance expense
    60,592       43,303       30,217  
Courier transportation
    21,942       15,579       10,631  
Advertising and promotion (excluding credit card advertising)
    65,396       60,600       38,918  
Maintenance and repairs
    53,718       38,553       30,712  
Business travel and development
    19,435       18,317       16,628  
Staff welfare
    37,836       43,075       32,094  
Amortization of organization and development expenses
    32,706       21,961       22,967  
Rentals
    57,832       47,064       44,879  
Other
    162,827       138,857       130,013  
Total
    1,413,448       1,124,161       927,404  

 
The largest component of Operating Expenses in each of these years was personnel expenses, which increased 29.66% to Ps.707.2 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 from Ps.545.4 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 which in turned increased 20.42% from Ps.452.9 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006, principally as result of increases in salaries (which include payroll, termination payments and bonuses) and in the number of employees.
 
The number of our full-time employees increased from 3,679 in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006 to 4,094 in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 and to 4,252 in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 (not including 752, 1,865 and 2,053 employees from non-banking subsidiaries, at December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006). The increases in fiscal years 2008, 2007 and 2006 were mainly due to the recovery and increases of our business activity.
 
Other operating expenses increased 17.26% to Ps.162.8 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 from Ps.138.9 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 which in turn increased 6.8% from Ps.130.0 in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006. The increases in fiscal years 2008 and 2007 were mainly due to the increases in costs and the increase in activity.
 
Fees and external administrative services increased 59.56% to Ps.59.3 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 from Ps.37.2 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 which in turn increased 112.35% from Ps.17.5 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006. The increases in fiscal years 2008, 2007 and 2006 were mainly due to increases in the cost of services and in hiring external resources.
 
Credit card advertising and issuance expenses increased 39.93% to Ps.60.6 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 from Ps.43.3 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 which in turn increased 43.31% from Ps.30.2 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006. The increases in fiscal years 2008 and 2007 were mainly due to the launching of the credit card products.
 
Maintenance and repairs expenses increased 39.34% to Ps.53.7 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 from Ps.38.6 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 which in turn increased 25.53% from Ps.30.7 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006. The increases in fiscal years 2008 and 2007 were mainly due to the higher maintenance and repairs costs.
 
Taxes, other than income tax, increased 21.33% to Ps.63.2 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 from Ps.52.1 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 which in turn increased 11.04% from Ps.46.9 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006. The increases in fiscal years 2008, 2007 and 2006 were mainly due to increase in activity.
 
Rent expenses increased 22.88% to Ps.57.8 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 from Ps.47.1 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 which in turn increased 4,87% from Ps.44.9 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006. The increases in fiscal years 2008 and 2007 were mainly due to the higher rental costs. At December 31, 2008 our branch network consisted of 239 branches, of which 113 were located in properties we own and 126 were located in properties we lease.
 
 
 
 
Amortization of organization and development expenses increased 48.93% to Ps.32.7 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 from Ps.22.0 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 which in turn decreased 4.38% from Ps.23.0 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006. The increase in fiscal year 2008 and the decrese in fiscal year 2007 were mainly due to a major and minor number s of additions, respectively.
 
Courier transportation increased 40.84% to Ps.21.9 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 from Ps.15.6 in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 which in turn increased 46.54% from Ps.10.6 in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006. The increases in fiscal years 2008 and 2007 were mainly due to increases in the cost of the service.
 
Depreciation of property and equipment increased 14.15% to Ps.42.5 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 from Ps.37.2 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 which in turn increased 17,06% from Ps.31.8 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006. The increases in fiscal years 2008 and 2007 were mainly due to increases in additions to the Bank’s properties and equipment.
 
Advertising and promotion fees increased 7.91% to Ps.65.4 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 from Ps.60.6 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 which in turn increased 55.71% from Ps.38.9 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006. The increases in fiscal years 2008 and 2007 were mainly due to an increase of advertising expenses to credit products launched during those fiscal years.
 
Utility costs increased 16.09% to Ps.29.0 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 from Ps.25.0 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 which in turn increased 17.73% from Ps.21.2 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006. The increases in fiscal years 2008 and 2007 were mainly due to the higher activity level.
 
Business travel and development increased 6.10% to Ps.19.4 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 from Ps.18.3 in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 which in turn increased 10.16% from Ps.16.6 in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006. The increases in fiscal years 2008 and 2007 were mainly due to increases in the cost of the service.
 
Staff welfare expenses decreased 12.16% to Ps.37.8 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 from Ps.43.1 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 which in turn increased 34.22% from Ps.32.1 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006. The variations in this items reflects increases or decreases in other personnel benefits.
 
Other Income
 
Other Income decreased 6.62% to Ps.773.5 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 from Ps.828.3 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 which in turn increased 163.42% from Ps.314.4 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006. The decrease in fiscal year 2008 was mainly due to a 56.77% decrease in recoveries of charged off loans and reversal of allowances and a 33.60% decrease in interest on other assets and a 18.16% decrease in rentals. These decreases were partially offset by a 33.62% increase in other income and a 595.51% increase in long-term investments. The increase in fiscal year 2007 was mainly due to a 401.83% increase in recoveries of charged off loans and reversal of allowances, a 85.37% increase in other income, a 84.75% increase in interest on other assets, a 118.67% increase in rentals, and a 78.96% increase in punitive interest. These increases were partially offset by a 53.05% decrease in income from long-term investments, and a 8.31% decrease in income from disposal of assets.
 
Other Expenses
 
Other Expenses decreased 36.87% to Ps.1,000.5 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 from Ps.1,584.8 which in turn increased 38.05% from Ps.1,199.9 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006.
 
The decrease in the fiscal year ended in December 31, 2008 was mainly due to a 38.22% decrease in other expenses (from Ps.1,090.0 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 to Ps.673.2 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008), a 66.64% decrease in depreciation on differences paid on constitutional protection action (from Ps.323.3 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 to Ps.107.8 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008) and a 85.65% decrease in depreciation of other assets (from Ps.4.0 million in fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 to Ps.0.6 million in fiscal year ended December 31, 2008) partially offset by a 26.63% increase in provisions for other receivables and other allowances (from Ps.157.6 million in fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 to Ps.199.6 million in fiscal year ended December 31, 2008) and a 84.04% increase in goodwill amortization (from Ps.6.6 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 to Ps.12.2 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008).
 
The increase in the fiscal year ended in December 31, 2007 was mainly due to a 80.10% increase in Other expenses (from Ps.605.0 million in fiscal year ended December 31, 2006 to Ps.1,090.0 million in fiscal year ended December 31, 2007), a 23.19% increase in depreciation on differences paid on constitutional protection action (from Ps.262.3 million in fiscal year ended December
 
 
 
 
31, 2006 to Ps.323.1 million in fiscal year ended December 31, 2007), a 362.73% increase in depreciation of Other assets (from Ps.872.0 million in fiscal year ended December 31, 2006 to Ps.4,075.0 million in fiscal year ended December 31, 2007) partially offset by a 49.56% decrease in provisions for other receivables and other allowances (from Ps.312.5 million in fiscal year ended December 31, 2006 to Ps.157.6 million in fiscal year ended December 31, 2007), a 99.63% decrease in loss from disposal of assets (from Ps.8.5 million in fiscal year ended December 31, 2006 to Ps.0.03 million in fiscal year ended December 31, 2007).
 
Income Tax
 
Income Tax expenses was Ps.31.3 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008, a 37.95% decrease from Ps.50.4 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 which in turn represents a 29.7% decrease from Ps.71.7 million in fiscal year ended December 31, 2006. The decrease in fiscal years 2008 and 2007 were mainly to the temporary differences originated in each fiscal year due to the deferred tax method of accounting.
 
The following table illustrates, for each of the last three fiscal years, our income before income tax, the income tax expense that would have been payable at the statutory rate, various adjustments, and our actual income tax expense.
 
 
   
Fiscal Year Ended December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
   
(in thousands of pesos, except percentages)
 
Net Income before income tax and minority interest
    349,979       304,984       290,733  
Statutory tax rate
    35 %     35 %     35 %
Income tax (at statutory rate)
    122,493       106,744       101,757  
Deferred tax
    48,319       (98,525 )     (8,050 )
Tax-exempt income
    (27,359 )     (26,875 )     (27,763 )
Allowances on deferred tax assets
    48,318       98,525       8,050  
Other
    (223,040 )     (154,205 )     (145,674 )
Income tax (gain) / loss
    (31,270 )     (74,336 )     (71,680 )
(Allowances)
                 
Income tax (gain) / loss, net
    (31,270 )     (74,336 )     (71,680 )
Actual income tax
    31,270       74,336       71,680  
Deferred income tax (1)
                 

(1) 
Included in Other Income and Income Tax.

Our effective income tax rates differ significantly from the statutory income tax rate applicable to us. The difference between the statutory rate and the effective rate is principally due to the following factors. First, the income from local subsidiaries is tax exempt, and depreciation of goodwill is not tax deductible. Second, effective tax rate is affected by the different treatment of loan loss provisions for financial and tax reporting purposes. Additionally, the allowance made on public loans is not tax deductible. Finally, Government Securities are generally marked-to-market for tax reporting purposes, with unrealized gains and losses included in taxable income, even if such securities are carried on a cost-plus-yield basis for financial reporting purposes. See Note 20.1. to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
Minority interest in subsidiaries
 
Income on minority interest was Ps.2.8 million in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008. In the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 the loss on minority interest was Ps.19.5 million and Ps.39.0 million, respectively. These changes were mainly due to the changes in net income of Consolidar Group (through which we hold a 53.89% interest in Consolidar AFJP S.A., a 65.96% in Consolidar Compañía de Seguros de Vida S.A. and a 66.67% interest in Consolidar Seguros de Retiro S.A.) and the changes in net income of PSA Compañía Financiera S.A. (in which we hold a 50% interest).
 
Financial Condition
 
Total Assets
 
At December 31, 2008 we had total assets of Ps.25,825.5 million, which represented a 17.27% increase from the Ps.22,023.0 million as of December 31, 2007.
 
The increase was mainly due to the following: a 155.49% increase in Other receivables from financial transactions (from Ps.956.2 million at December 31, 2007 to Ps.2,442.9 million at December 31, 2008), mainly due to the constitution of operations of
 
 
 
 
repurchase agreements; a 9.81% increase in Loans net of allowances (from Ps.11,390.1 million at December 31, 2007 to Ps.12,507.5 million at December 31, 2008) mainly due to the increase in loans to the private sector; a 33.88% increase in Cash and due from banks (from Ps.3,169.3 million at December 31, 2007 to Ps.4,243.1 million at December 31, 2007); a 17.19% increase in Items under financial lease (from Ps.323.5 million at December 31, 2007 to Ps.379.1 million at December 31, 2008); a 1.01% in Government and private securities (from Ps..5,181.3 million at December 31, 2007 to Ps.5,233.7 at December 31, 2008); a 10.52% increase in Bank premises and equipment (from Ps.400.0 million at December 2007 to Ps.441.7 million at December 31, 2008); a 9.54% increase in Other receivables (from Ps.358.0 million at December 31, 2007 to Ps.392.1 million at December 31, 2008); a 23.92% increase in Investments in Other companies (from Ps.78.0 million at December 31, 2007 to Ps.96.6 million at December 31, 2008) and a 219.56% increase in Subsidiaries’ other assets (from Ps.0.5 million at December 31, 2007 to Ps.1.4 million at December 31, 2008).
 
These increases were partially offset by: a 52.46% decrease in Intangible assets (from Ps.116.4 million at December 31, 2007 to Ps.55.3 million at December 31, 2008) mainly due to depreciation of constitutional protection actions and goodwill amortization during the fiscal year; a 28.66% decrease in Other assets (from Ps.39.0 million at December 31, 2007 to Ps.27.8 million at December 31, 2008) and a 62.44% decrease in suspense items (from Ps.11.3 million at December 31, 2007 to Ps.4.2 million at December 31, 2008).
 
 Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
 
At December 31, 2008 we had total liabilities and minority interests in subsidiaries of Ps.23,749.4 million, representing a 18.95% increase from the Ps.19,966.2 million at December 31, 2007.
 
The increase was mainly due to the following: a 13.79% increase in deposits (from Ps.15,009.8 million at December 31, 2007 to Ps.17,079.2 million at December 31, 2008) mainly due to increases in deposits with the public sector, saving and checking accounts partially offset by a decrease in time deposits; a 79.15% increase in Other liabilities from financial transactions (from Ps.1,750.0 million at December 31, 2007 to Ps.3,135.2 million at December 31, 2008) mainly due to the constitution of operations of repurchase agreements; a 12.27% increase in Other subsidiaries’ liabilities (from Ps.2,146.7 million at December 31, 2007 to Ps.2,410.1 million at December 31, 2008); a 926.94% increase in suspens items (from Ps.6.7 million at December 31, 2007 to Ps.68.5 million at December 31, 2008); a 14.42% in Other liabilities (from Ps.375.0 million at December 31, 2007 to Ps.429.1 million at December 31, 2008) and a 5.14% increase in Minority interest in subsidiaries (from Ps.236.0 million at December 31, 2007 to Ps.248.1 million at December 31, 2008), partially offset by a 14.19% decrease in allowances (from Ps.442.0 million at December 31, 2007 to Ps.379.2 million at December 31, 2008).
 
Stockholders´ Equity increased from Ps.2,056.8 million at December 31, 2007 to Ps.2,076.0 million at December 31, 2008. The 0.93% increase reflected Net income of the year (Ps.321.5 million) partially offset by the (Ps.164.0 million) dividend paid in May 2007 and the Unrealized valuation difference (Ps.138,3 million).
 
According to the Central Bank´s Communication “A” 4702 dated August 30, 2007, the Government Securities and Instruments issued by BCRA, included in the list of volatilities published by the BCRA on a monthly basis, were classified in the category “Available for sale”. These were valued in accordance with the quotations prevailing for each security as of the close of the fiscal year. Differences, if any, between the cost of addition of these holdings and any increase due to the accrual of the internal rate of return and the value of the quotation were charged to Unrealized valuation difference in the stockholders’ equity. As of December 31, 2008, the amount recorded was 138,323 (loss).
 
Liquidity and Capital Resources

Asset and Liability Management

The purpose of asset and liability management is to structure our consolidated balance sheet in light of interest rate, liquidity and foreign exchange risks, as well as market risk, public sector risk and capital structure. Our Asset and Liability Committee establishes specific limits with respect to risk exposure, sets policy with respect to pricing and approves commercial policies which may have a financial impact on our balance sheet. It is also responsible for the follow-up of monetary aggregates and financial variables, our liquidity position, regulations from the Central Bank and the competitive environment in assets, liabilities and interest rates. For a detailed description of our Assets and Liabilities Committee see “Directors and Senior Management - Special Committees - Assets and Liabilities Committee”.
 


 
Liquidity

Our asset and liability management policy attempts to ensure that sufficient liquidity is available to meet our funding requirements. As a measure of our liquidity, we had a ratio of liquidity assets to total deposits of 48.42%, 46.37% and 44.67% at December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Liquid assets include cash, amounts due from banks and government and corporate securities (excluding holdings in investment accounts and unlisted government securities).
 
Our primary source of funds is our deposit base, which primarily consists of peso and dollar denominated deposits in checking accounts, savings accounts and time deposits from individuals and corporations, which deposits at December 31, 2008 totaled Ps.17,079.2 million.
 
Under a medium-term note program, that expired in December 2005, we issued the first series of subordinated corporate bonds, on March 31, 1998, in the amount of U.S.$150 million, at an annual floating interest rate of LIBOR plus 3.3 points, maturing on March 31, 2005. As of December 31, 2002 we had capitalized U.S.$130 million of the above mentioned subordinated debt. As of December 31, 2004 the outstanding capital of this debt amounted to U.S.$20 million, which was paid on March 31, 2005 upon maturity.
 
On April 27, 2000, the general ordinary and extraordinary shareholders meeting approved the increase of the aggregate outstanding maximum amount of the corporate bonds to be issued under the Medium-Term Note Program to U.S.$1,000 million. The shareholders meeting also approved the creation of a short-term program to be issued in various series and classes for a total outstanding amount of up to U.S.$300 million (or its equivalent in other currency) for five years. Under this program we can issue corporate bonds (not convertible into shares) maturing in one year or less with or without third party guarantees according to the dispositions of the Board of Directors.
 
On October 31, 2000, we issued corporate bonds in the amount of U.S.$150 million face value, at a price equal to 100% of the face value, with an annual interest rate of LIBOR plus 145 basis points, payable on a semi-annual basis maturing on October 31, 2002, to be amortized upon maturity. On October 2002 we agreed to refinance these corporate bonds through the issue of a new series of bonds. Such refinancing included the interest payment and a 5% payment of the capital as of October 31, 2002, the payment of a 5.26% of the capital of the new bond at 180 days of the issuance and the balance in one year. In November 2003 we agreed upon the refinancing of these bonds through the issue of a new series of bonds. Such refinancing included the interest payment and a 10% payment of the capital as of November 26, 2003, and the remaining in semi-annual instalments with final maturity on October 31, 2008. As of December 31, 2006 the principal outstanding of this debt amounts to U.S.$81.0 million. Section 36 of Law No. 23,576, states that in order for the issuance of notes to be subject to fiscal benefits, said notes must be sold by public offering procedures, and their proceeds must be invested: (i) in physical assets situated in Argentina; (ii) in working capital in Argentina; (iii) for the refinancing of debt; or (iv) for the payment of irrevocable contributions in affiliate companies of the issuer, if their proceeds are exclusively invested as described in (i) and (ii). On February 9, 2007, the Bank’s Board of Directors adopted a resolution to repay in advance the total amount of Series 15 Corporate Bonds and delegated on the Bank´s officials the powers to determine the manner, terms and conditions for said repayment. On March 14, 2007 we paid the outstanding amount of this debt.
 
The shareholders meeting held on July 15, 2003, approved the creation of a new medium-term note program, for five years, for the issuance and re-issuance of simple notes (Obligaciones Negociables), non-convertible into shares with common guarantee or such guarantees determined by the Board of Directors and subordinated notes without guarantee, convertible or non-convertible into shares, for a total outstanding amount of up to U.S.$300 million according to the provisions of the Central Bank’s Communications “A” 2970 and “A” 3558 as amended under Law No. 23,576 as amended by Law No. 23,962.
 
The Ordinary and Extraordinary Stockholders’ Meeting held on June 28, 2008 decided to extend (i) for the term of 5 years the life of the Negotiable Obligations Global Program approved by the Extraordinary Stockholders’ Meeting held on July 15, 2003 and by Resolution No. 14967 of the CNV issued on November 29, 2004 in accordance with the changes introduced by the Ordinary and Extraordinary Stockholders’ Meeting held on April 26, 2007 and (ii) for the term of 2 years the delegation to the Board of Directors and the authority to sub-delegate the delegated powers in accordance with the applicable regulations approved by Ordinary and Extraordinary Stockholders’ Meeting held on April 26, 2007. As of the date of issuance of these Consolidated Financial Statements, the Entity has not issued Corporate Bonds related to this Program.
 
On December 22, 2003 we paid a Ps.60 million seven-year loan plus CER (originally U.S.$60 million) granted by the Fiduciary Fund for Assistance to Financial and Insurance Institutions to Banco de Crédito Argentino, on December 20, 1996, for the financing of the acquisition of certain assets and liabilities.
 
 
 
 
On January 10, 2003, the Federal Executive published Decree No. 53/03 which amended Decree No. 410/02. Decree No. 410/02 had the effect of not converting certain foreign currency obligations of public and private sector companies into pesos. The Decree governed obligations to the National Government as a result of i) subsidiary or other loans and guarantees originally financed by multilateral credit entities or ii) arising from liabilities owed by the National Treasury and refinanced with external creditors. The decision taken by the Managing Committee of the Trust Fund for Reconstruction of Companies at the meeting held on May 28, 2003 stated that 50% of the aforementioned financing was to be converted into pesos while the difference would be remain in its original currency.
 
On December 29, 2004, we paid the last instalment of subordinated corporate bonds issued by Corpbanca, which we thereby acquired. This debt was originally stated in dollars for an amount of U.S.$30 million and was converted into pesos at the exchange rate Ps.1 per U.S. dollar, and indexed by applying CER in accordance with the regulations established by the Government in February, 2002.
 
The Bank has filed a subsidiary appeal for reversal before a higher administrative authority applying for a change in the aforementioned criterion and has reiterated its position at the time of each interest and principal payment. Upon the appeal’s dismissal, the claims were filed with the hierarchical superior officer on March 16, 2004. On May 17, 2004 the grounds for the appeal before the higher administrative authority were expanded. On February 7, 2005, the Bank was notified of Resolution No. 25 dated January 17, 2005, executed by the Argentine Minister of Economy and Production, which dismissed the Hierarchical Remedy sought. On May 16, 2005, an administrative action under section 100 (Decree No. 1759/72, 1991 revision) was filed against Resolution No. 25 issued by the Ministry of Economy and Production, which dismissed the Hierarchical Appeal filed by the Bank. At present, the case is pending determination by the Federal Executive. This notwithstanding, in May 2005 a liability of U.S.$25,604 thousand was recorded under Other Liabilities from Financial Transactions, this being the dollar amount owed estimated by the Bank in the filing mentioned above. This effect was compensated during October 2006, with Boden 2012 having been subscribed for a nominal value of dollars 50,288. On November 2006, the Bank submitted to the Trust Fund for Reconstruction of Companies (FFRE) a proposal consisting in a settlement and total payment for the purpose of fully and totally repaying the amounts owed by the Bank to the Trust Fund (see Note 11. to the Consolidated Financial Statements), offering to pay for all purposes the total amount of Ps.84,337. Since January 22, 2007 the Trust Fund has requested several extensions, the last until April 15, 2007 to serve notice as to whether the proposal submitted has been accepted or rejected. On April 13, 2007 the FFRE accepted the proposal of cancellation above mentioned for an amount of Ps.88,462, for which the Bank proceeded to transfer the funds corresponding to cancel fully and totally the debt on April 20, 2007. The difference of Ps.4,125 was absorbed with allowances recorded to such purpose at the end of the prior year.
 
Dividends and other payments from our Argentine non-banking subsidiaries also provide an additional potential source of liquidity, even though relatively insignificant in amount. Each Argentine non-banking subsidiary is required to allocate 5% of its annual net income to a legal reserve until such reserve equals 20% of the subsidiary’s capital stock. This reserve cannot be used to pay us dividends.
 
The measures taken by the Government at the beginning of 2002, including the repeal of the Convertibility Law, the “pesification” of all assets and liabilities in the formal economy and the default by the Government on its debt, led to a massive withdrawal of deposits and a breakdown in the chain of payments. We had to face a persistent drain of deposits, lawsuits brought by depositors to get back their deposits in cash and in their original currency, and the maturing of our foreign currency liabilities. At December 31, 2006, we have repaid a total of approximately U.S.$105.3 million and Ps.2,220.3 million in connection with lawsuits brought by depositors.
 
Capital Resources

At the regular and special stockholders meeting held on August 7, 2002, the stockholders approved the Bank’s capital increase in the amount of up to 1,250,000 nominal value for the subscription of common, book-entry shares, entitled to one vote per share. Those shares might be paid up in cash and/or with subordinated corporate bonds in foreign currency issued by the Bank, maturing on March 31, 2005, and/or with loans granted by BBVA to the Bank. The Bank management, at its meeting of December 5, 2002, decided to: approve the assets to be contributed, as follows: (i) cash, (ii) subordinated corporate bonds issued by the Bank, maturing March 31, 2005, and (iii) the loan granted by BBVA on April 19, 2002, in the amount of U.S.$79.3 million; establish the value of subordinated corporate bonds to capitalize in U.S.$58.10 per U.S.$100 nominal value, based on valuation reports made by independent third parties; and establish the amount of shares to be listed as 209,631,892.
 
On December 31, 2002, in accordance with the issuance conditions of the new shares, 158,361,439 new shares in the exercise of preemptive rights and 135,101 new shares in the exercise of the option to buy additional shares that were not purchased by other shareholders in exercise of their preemptive rights, were subscribed and integrated. The Bank’s capital stock amounts to Ps.368,128,432 as of December 31, 2002 and 2003.
 
 
 
 
At the regular and special meetings held on April 22, 2004, the stockholders approved the Bank’s capital increase in the amount of up to 385,000 nominal value for the subscription of common, book-entry shares, entitled to one vote per share. The stockholders delegated to the Board of Directors the power to establish the remaining conditions.
 
On June 11, 2004, the Bank filed an application for public offering of shares to be sold through subscription (Chapter VI Rules of the National Securities Commission, General Resolution No. 368/01) with the Buenos Aires Stock Exchange and the National Securities Commission.
 
The public offering of 103,232,874 ordinary shares of Ps.1.00 par value each, entitled to one vote per share and with equal rights than the remaining shares of the Bank, according to what was established by the Board of Directors Meeting held on June 10, 2004, and the Meeting of Sub-Delegates appointed by the Board of Directors Meeting of October 5, 2004, was authorized by Resolution No. 14,917 of the National Securities Commission on October 4, 2004. The stock-market listing of the referred shares was authorized by the Buenos Aires Stock Exchange on October 7, 2004. It was stated that the preferential subscription period began on October 18, 2004 and ended on November 17, 2004.
 
On November 2, 2004, BBVA subscribed to 65,326,744 new shares. The integration of the amount of Ps.230,603,406.32 corresponding to the new shares is carried out by the capitalization of BBVA by means of a loan amounting to U.S.$77,701,464.68 plus interest up to November 2, 2004 inclusive, of U.S.$21,288.07.
 
On November 19, 2004 the subscription procedure came to an end. An aggregate of 103,232,874 new shares was issued for a paid-in amount of Ps.364,412,045.22, which resulted in an additional paid-in capital of Ps.261,179,171.12.
 
Interest Rate Sensitivity

A key component of our asset and liability policy is the management of interest rate sensitivity. Interest rate sensitivity is the exposure and the measure of sensitivity to interest rate variations. The interest rate sensitivity measures the impact on the gross intermediation margin in response to a change in market interest rates. For any given period, the pricing structure is matched when an equal amount of assets and liabilities reprice. Any mismatch of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities is known as a gap position and is shown in the following tables. A negative gap denotes liability sensitivity and normally means that a decline in interest rates would have a positive effect on net interest income while an increase in interest rates would have a negative effect on interest income.
 
Our interest rate sensitivity strategy takes into account not only the rates of return and their underlying degree of risk, but also liquidity requirements, including minimum regulatory cash reserves, mandatory liquidity ratios, withdrawal and maturity of deposits and additional demands for funds. Our gap limits are established and subsequently monitored by the Asset and Liability Management Committee.
 
The following table shows the interest rate sensitivity of our interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. Variations in interest rate sensitivity may also arise within the repricing periods presented.
 
It is important to highlight that given the devaluation of the peso and the following conversion into pesos of assets and liabilities in foreign currency, the Government measures introduced an important interest rate gap in our Net Financial Income. While a significant part of the Bank’s risk assets, mainly Public sector loans and bonds, accrue CER adjustment plus an annual interest rate, most liabilities accrue interest at a fixed rate. Fixed rate assets and liabilities with a maturity of no more than three months and total adjusted assets and liabilities, are included in the following chart, in the 0-3 months interval, given that CER adjustment changes on a monthly basis. The chart shows our exposure to a positive interest rate gap, but it is important to bear in mind that CER behaviour may differ from that of the interest rate.
 

 
 
   
Remaining Maturity or Earliest Repricing Intervals at December 31, 2008
 
   
0-3 months
   
3 Months-
One Year
   
1-5 Years
   
5-10 Years
   
Over 10 Years
   
Total
 
   
(in thousands of pesos, except percentages)
 
Interest-earning assets
                                   
Interest earning deposits in banks
    3,248,698                               3,248,698  
Government securities
    3,984,980       1,456,598       377,961       278       2,196       5,822,013  
Corporate bonds
    135,509       16       9,428                   144,953  
Loans (1)
    8,613,198       1,726,930       2,118,960       201,297       43,695       12,704,080  
Total
    15,982,385       3,183,544       2,506,349       201,575       45,891       21,919,744  
Interest-bearing liabilities
                                               
Deposits
    12,752,362       478,162       1,870                   13,232,394  
Due to other banks
    1,350,674       45,786       64,711       519             1,461,690  
Total
    14,103,036       523,948       66,581       519             14,694,084  
Asset/liability gap
    1,879,349       2,659,596       2,439,768       201,056       45,891       7,225,660  
Cumulative sensitivity gap
    1,879,349       4,538,945       6,978,713       7,179,769       7,225,660          
Cumulative sensitivity gap as a percentage of total interest-earning assets
    8.57 %     20.71 %     31.84 %     32.75 %     32.96 %        

(1)
Loan amounts are stated before deducting the allowance for loan losses. Non-accrual loans are included with loans as interest-earning assets.

The following table shows the interest rate sensitivity of our peso-denominated interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities.
 
   
Remaining Maturity or Earliest Repricing Intervals at December 31, 2008
 
   
0-3 months
   
3 Months-
One Year
   
1-5 Years
   
5-10 Years
   
Over 10 Years
   
Total
 
   
(in thousands of pesos, except percentages)
 
Interest-earning assets:
                                   
Interest earning deposits in banks
    1,359,847                               1,359,847  
Government securities
    3,936,925       1,263,817       28,196       278             5,229,216  
Corporate bonds
    65,664                               65,664  
Loans (1)
    6,966,207       1,396,466       2,113,644       201,297       43,695       10,721,309  
Total
    12,328,643       2,660,283       2,141,840       201,575       43,695       17,376,036  
Interest-bearing liabilities:
                                               
Deposits
    9,543,025       250,426       1,627                   9,795,078  
Due to other banks
    493,490       45,625       64,711       519             604,345  
Total
    10,036,515       296,051       66,338       519             10,399,423  
Asset/liability gap
    2,292,128       2,364,232       2,075,502       201,056       43,695       6,976,613  
Cumulative sensitivity gap
    2,292,128       4,656,360       6,731,862       6,932,918       6,976,613          
Cumulative sensitivity gap as a percentage of total interest-earning assets
    13.19 %     26.80 %     38.74 %     39.90 %     40.15 %        

(1)
Loan amounts are stated before deducting the allowance for loan losses. Non-accrual loans are included with loans as interest-earning assets.


 
 
The following table shows the interest rate sensitivity of our foreign currency denominated interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. Variations in interest rate sensitivity may also arise within the repricing periods presented.
 
   
Remaining Maturity or Earliest Reprising Intervals at December 31, 2008
 
   
0-3 months
   
3 Months-
One Year
   
1-5 Years
   
5-10 Years
   
Over 10 Years
   
Total
 
   
(in thousands of pesos, except percentages)
 
Interest-earning assets:
                                   
Interest earning deposits in banks
    1,888,851                               1,888,851  
Government securities
    48,055       192,781       349,765             2,196       592,797  
Corporate bonds
    69,845       16       9,428                   79,289  
Loans (1)
    1,646,991       330,464       5,316                   1,982,771  
Total
    3,653,742       523,261       364,509             2,196       4,543,708  
Interest-bearing liabilities:
                                               
Deposits
    3,209,338       227,735       243                   3,437,316  
Due to other banks
    857,184       161                         857,345  
Total
    4,066,522       227,896       243                   4,294,661  
Asset/liability gap
    (412,780 )     295,365       364,266             2,196       249,047  
Cumulative sensitivity gap
    (412,780 )     (117,415 )     246,851       246,851       249,047          
Cumulative sensitivity gap as a percentage of total interest-earning assets
    (9.08 )%     (2.58 )%     5.43 %     5.43 %     5.48 %        

(1)
Loan amounts are stated before deducting the allowance for loan losses. Non accrual loans are included with loans as interest-earning assets.

Exchange Rate Sensitivity

At December 31, 2008, our total foreign exchange-denominated asset position was Ps.5,326.6 million and our total foreign exchange-denominated liability position was Ps.4,775.4 million, resulting in a net asset currency position of Ps.551.2 million, which is 26.55% of stockholders’ equity.
 
For a description of the changes in the exchange rates since December 2008, see “Information on the Company—Recent Political and Economic Developments in Argentina” and Note 19.12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. For a description of foreign exchange risk, see “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk—Foreign Exchange Risk”.
 
Capital Requirements

As of December 31, 2008 we had a consolidated excess capital of Ps.852.0 million pursuant to the Central Bank’s rules. At such date, “Basic Net Worth” and “Complementary Net Worth”, subject to applicable deductions, amounted to Ps.2,277.4 million under the Argentine risk-based capital guidelines (which are based on the Basel Committee). As of December 31, 2007 our excess capital amounted to Ps.949.5 million, with a “Basic Net Worth” and “Complementary Net Worth”, subject to applicable deductions to Ps.2,233.0 million. As of December 31, 2006, our excess capital amounted to Ps.1,085.1 million, with a “Basic Net Worth” and “Complementary Net Worth”, subject to applicable deductions, of Ps.2,089.7 million.

As of December 31, 2008, we complied with the Central Bank’s capital requirements on a consolidated basis and our capital resources were sufficient for our capital requirements. See a description of the minimum capital requirements currently in effect in “Information on the Company—The Argentine Banking System and its Regulatory Framework”.

As of December 31, 2008, 2007and 2006, our stockholders’ equity was Ps.2,076.0, Ps.2,056.8 million and Ps.1,954.6 million, respectively. At such dates, our ratio of average stockholders’ equity/average total assets was 8.64%, 9.82% and 10.79%, respectively. See “Information on the Company—Select Statistical Information—Return on Equity and Assets”.

In our opinion, our capital resources are sufficient for the Bank’s present requirements also on an individual and a consolidated basis.

We are not aware of any legal or economic restrictions on the ability of our subsidiaries to transfer funds to BBVA Banco Francés in the form of cash, loans, advances - subject to the regulations of each industry- or by other means. However, there can be no assurance that in the future such restrictions will not be adopted or that, if adopted, they will not negatively affect our liquidity.
 
 

 
As of December 31, 2008, the Bank had no material commitments for capital expenditures.
 
The following table sets forth, for the dates indicated, the calculation of our excess capital under the Central Bank’s rules and certain capital and liquidity ratios.

   
At December 31,
 
   
2008 (4)
   
2007 (4)
   
2006 (4)
 
   
(in thousands of pesos, except ratios and percentages)
 
Calculation of excess capital (1)
                 
Allocated to assets at risk
    892,463       760,014       540,415  
Allocated to Bank premises and equipment, intangible assets and equity investment assets
    86,167       94,852       116,944  
Interest rate risk
    158,065       174,544       98,833  
Incremental minimum capital requirements originated in excesses in other regulations
                 
Public sector and securities in investment account
    236,321       145,882       99,227  
A- Minimal exigency by adds up risks
    1,373,016       1,175,292       855,419  
                         
B- Basic exigency for custody of titles of the AFJP and / or agent of record of hypothecary letters
    836,005       1,068,636       931,187  
                         
Maximum between A and B
    1,373,016       1,175,292       931,187  
Market risk
    52,360       108,280       73,367  
Required minimum capital under Central Bank rules
    1,425,376       1,283,572       1,004,554  
                         
Basic net worth
    1,946,516       1,864,585       1,774,548  
Complementary net worth
    180,655       235,272       190,866  
Deductions
    (97,956 )     (102,835 )     (92,186 )
Minority interest
    248,139       236,018       216,480  
Total capital under Central Bank rules
    2,277,354       2,233,040       2,089,708  
                         
Excess capital
    851,978       949,468       1,085,154  
                         
Selected capital and liquidity ratios
                       
Average stockholders’ equity as a percentage of average total assets (1)(2)
    8.64 %     9.82 %     10.79 %
Total liabilities as a multiple of total stockholders’ equity
    11.44 x     9.71 x     8.64 x
Cash and due from banks as a percentage of total deposits
    24.84 %     21.12 %     20.46 %
Liquid assets as a percentage of total deposits (1)(3)
    55.49 %     55.63 %     55.42 %
Loans as a percentage of total assets
    48.43 %     51.72 %     50.62 %

(1) 
See Information on the Company—The Argentine Banking System and its Regulatory Framework —Capital Adequacy Requirements” for a discussion of the Central Bank’s capital requirements.
(2) 
Average stockholder’s equity and average total assets computed as the average of period-beginning and period-ending balances.
(3) 
At December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, “Liquid Assets” includes cash and due from banks and government and private securities.
(4) 
The Bank must maintain a surplus of minimum paid-in capital amounting to at least Ps.41,800, Ps.53,432 and Ps.46,559 as at December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 respectively, equivalent to 0.25% of the amount of values under custody for securities representing investments from pension funds, as well as in connection with its function as registrar of mortgage-backed bonds, invested in national public securities and other destinations authorized by the BCRA and guaranteed in favor of the said Entity.

 

 
Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments
 
The following table represents our contractual obligations and commercial commitments as of December 31, 2008:

   
Payments due by Period
(in thousands of Pesos)
 
   
Total
   
Less than
1 year
   
1-3
years
   
4-5
years
   
After 5
years
 
Contractual obligations
                             
Long-term debt
    1,541,289       1,439,508       89,096       12,166       519  
Operating leases
    137,845       25,465       41,603       31,842       38,935  
Total
    1,679,134       1,464,973       130,699       44,008       39,454  
                                         
Commercial commitments
                                       
Lines of credit
    74,294       74,294                    
Foreign trade acceptances
    253,867       253,867                    
Guarantees
    317,343       150,355       10,469       288       156,231  
Standby repurchase obligations
    1,593,864       1,593,864                    
Total
    2,239,368       2,072,380       10,469       288       156,231  

 
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We enter into various transactions involving off-balance sheet financial instruments (see Note 19.18 to the Consolidated Financial Statements). We use these instruments to meet the risk management, trading and financing needs of clients or for our proprietary trading and asset and liability management purposes. These instruments are subject to varying degrees of credit and market risk. We monitor credit risk and market risk associated with on- and off-balance sheet financial instruments on an aggregate basis.
 
We use the same credit policies in determining whether to enter or extend call and put option contracts, commitments, conditional obligations and guarantees as we do for granting loans. Our management believes that the outstanding off-balance sheet items do not represent an unusual credit risk.
 
Derivatives
 
The market risk of derivatives arises from the potential for changes in value due to fluctuations in market prices. We reduce our exposure to market risk, if necessary, by entering into offsetting transactions in accordance with the hedging global policy defined by BBVA for its subsidiaries. The credit risk of derivatives arises from the potential of a counterparty to default on its contractual obligations. The effect of such a default varies as the market value of derivative contracts changes. Credit exposure exists at a particular point in time when a derivative has a positive market value. We attempt to limit our credit risk by dealing with creditworthy counterparties and obtaining collateral where appropriate. Our activities related to hedging and derivatives transactions in 2008 are explained in Note 19.18. to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
Credit Commitments
 
Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer at a future date, subject to compliance with contractual terms. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require the payment of a fee. Since many of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent actual future cash requirements for the Bank. The Bank evaluates each customer’s creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis. Foreign trade acceptances represent Bank customers’ liabilities on outstanding drafts or bills of exchange that have been accepted by the Bank and the Bank’s liability to remit payment upon the presentation of the accepted drafts or bills of exchange. The credit risk involved in foreign trade acceptances and guarantees granted is essentially the same as that involved in extending loan facilities to customers.
 
Financial Trusts
 
We act as trustee in several financial trusts established for various purposes. We are in no case personally liable for the liabilities assumed in the performance of the trust obligations. Any liabilities resulting from the trust are satisfied with and up to the full amount of the trust assets or their proceeds. See Note 9 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
 

 
Non Financial Trusts
 
In addition, we act as trustee in 44 non financial trusts. We are in no case personally liable for the liabilities assumed in the performance of the contract obligations. Any liabilities are satisfied with and up to the full amount of the trust assets and their proceeds. The non-financial trusts at issue were set up to secure the receivables of several creditors (beneficiaries) and the trustee was entrusted with the management, care, preservation and custody of the trust assets. The trust assets represent about Ps.719.0 million and consist mainly of cash, creditors’ rights, real estate and shares. See Note 9 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
U.S. and Argentine Banking GAAP Reconciliation

We prepare our financial statements in accordance with the rules of the Central Bank related thereto, which differ from U.S. GAAP in certain respects, as discussed in Note 20. to the Consolidated Financial Statements. The differences and the most significant effects on our net income and Stockholders’ Equity over the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 are described below.
 
Under U.S. SFAS No. 109, deferred tax assets or liabilities are recorded for temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the tax basis of assets and liabilities at statutory tax rates expected to be in effect when such amounts will be realized. Deferred tax assets are recognized if it is more likely than not that such assets will be realized. As explained in Note 5.1. to the Consolidated Financial Statements, we applied this method to determine the charge for income tax. The adjustments required in order to reconcile assets and liabilities with U.S. GAAP, as detailed in the following paragraph, are shown without considering their effect on income tax. This effect would have caused our net income to decrease by Ps.406.7 million, Ps.166.5 million and Ps.34.5 million as of December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. In addition, stockholders’ equity would have increased by Ps.311.8, Ps.374.2 million and Ps.489.7 million as of December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
 
Under Argentine Banking GAAP, loan origination and issuance credit card’s fees are recognized when collected. Under U.S. SFAS No. 91, these fees are recognized over the life of the related loan as an adjustment to yield. The effect of applying SFAS No. 91 would have been to decrease our net income by Ps.38.3 million, Ps.9.8 million and Ps.15.6 million for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Since the effect of U.S. GAAP treatment would have been to decrease the principal balance of outstanding loans, application of SFAS No. 91 to our financial statements would have reduced Stockholders’ Equity by Ps.86.8, Ps.48.5 million and Ps.38.6 million for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
 
Under Argentine Banking GAAP, certain software development expenses are amortized over the estimated useful life of the software, for up to a maximum of 60 months. Under Argentine Banking GAAP, the Consolidar Group capitalized expenses incurred in connection with the launching of certain activities. The Pension Fund Manager Superintendency (the agency overseeing Consolidar AFJP) authorized the capitalization of disbursements made through September 25, 1994, for “salaries, advertising, software, agent’s commissions, fees, brochures, forms, printing and leases and rentals”. Under U.S. SFAS No. 2, these expenses are to be charged-off to income when incurred. If U.S. GAAP had been applied, our assets would have increased by Ps.0.4 million at December 31, 2008 and would have decreased by Ps.6.8 million and Ps.11.4 million for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Our net income would have increased by Ps.6.8 million, Ps.4.5 million and Ps.5.5 million for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
 
Under Argentine Banking GAAP, Government securities that we decided to classify as investment accounts (including those used for forward purchases under repurchase agreements) were carried at a cost adjusted for the accrual at fiscal year-end of interest based on the internal rate of return from the time elapsed from acquisition date. According to U.S. GAAP, these securities should be considered as available for sale and carried at fair value (market value if available) with unrealized gains and losses reported as a net amount, net of income tax within the stockholder’s equity accounts. However, SFAS No. 115 requires that if the decline in fair value is judged to be other than temporary, the cost of the security shall be written down to fair value, and the amount of the write down shall be included in earnings. Had U.S. GAAP been applied, our assets would have decreased by Ps.216.2 million, Ps.31.5 million and Ps.76.3 million for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Our net income would have increased by Ps.660.8 million, Ps.147.6 million and Ps.61.2 million for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
 
Under Argentine Banking GAAP, we carry our unlisted Government and private securities denominated in pesos at cost and our unlisted Government and private securities denominated in foreign currencies at par plus accrued income translated at the closing exchange rate on the day of valuation. Under U.S. GAAP for trading securities, a fair valuation methodology should be used to value securities for accounting purposes. Had U.S. GAAP been applied, our assets would be decreased by Ps.1.0 million for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006. On the other hand, the income for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 would have increased by Ps.1.0 million and would have decreased by Ps.5.5 million for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006.
 
 
 
 
Under Argentine Banking GAAP, the allowance for loans has been calculated based on the Bank’s estimated loan loss risk in light of debtor compliance and the collaterals supporting the respective transactions, as provided by Communication “A” 2950 and supplemented by the Central Bank. SFAS No. 114, as amended by SFAS No. 118, requires a creditor to measure impairment of a loan based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, or at the loan’s observable market price or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent. This statement is applicable to all loans (including those restructured in a troubled debt restructuring involving a modification of terms), except large groups of smaller-balance homogenous loans that are collectively evaluated for impairment. Had U.S. GAAP been applied, the Bank’s assets would be increased by Ps.92.8 million, Ps.107.2 million and Ps.70.2 million at December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. On the other hand, the income for the year ended December 31, 2008 would be decreased by Ps.14.4 million and would be increased by Ps.37.0 million and Ps.20.7 million for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
 
Under Argentine Banking GAAP, BBVA Banco Francés and its subsidiaries swapped Federal State Securities, bonds, treasury bills and unsecured loans at face value for secured loans. The initial value of the certificates matched that of the prior book value as of the date of the swap. According to U.S. GAAP, a non-temporary impairment affects the swapped obligations and therefore requires that, in the event that such obligations have been classified as “held to maturity”, a loss be recorded for the difference between the book value of the obligation swapped and its quotation at the date of the swap, as such quotation is considered the best measure for recognizing the above mentioned impairment. The effects of adjustments required to state the amounts swapped in accordance with U.S. GAAP would be to decrease assets by Ps.217.5 million, Ps.342.4 million and Ps.559.2 million at December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. On the other hand, income would be increased by Ps.124.9 million, Ps.216.8 million and Ps.350.3 million for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
 
As a result of Public Emergency and Exchange System Reform Law and the public debt default, an impairment affects the credit facilities given to non-financial provincial governmental sector and other government agencies. Therefore according to U.S. GAAP, a loss must be recorded for the difference between their accounting value and the expected value of their future cash flows. The effects of adjustments required to state these amounts in accordance with U.S. GAAP would increase income for the year ended December 31, 2006 by Ps.149.0 million.
 
Pursuant to Argentine Banking GAAP, at December 31, 2003 the Bank recorded as assets the difference between the paid amounts for constitutional protection actions and the deposit amounts registered in accordance with the existing regulations. The Government has not indicated that it will compensate the Bank for the difference between the amounts paid for constitutional protection actions and the deposit amounts registered in accordance with the existing regulations. SFAS No. 5 “Accounting for Contingencies” requires that contingencies that might result in gains should not be reflected in the accounts since to do so might be to recognize revenue prior to its realization. Had U.S. GAAP been applied, our assets would have decreased by Ps.19.9 million, Ps.78.2 million and Ps.363.9 million at December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. On the other hand, net income would have increased by Ps.58.3 million, Ps.285.7 million and Ps.222.6 million at December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
 
Under Argentine Banking GAAP the Bank accounted for its investment in the Buenos Aires Stock Exchange at market value. Under U.S. GAAP, such investments would have been valued at cost or at a lesser amount where there is a non-temporary impairment in value. Additionally, the companies that are under 20% were valued by the equity method in accordance with Central Bank rules. Under U.S. GAAP, those investments, that are non-marketable securities, would have been valued at cost. Had U.S. GAAP been applied, the Banks assets would be decreased by Ps.39.2 million, Ps.27.8 million and Ps.21.8 million at December 31, 2008, 2007 and 200</ fon t>6, respectively. On the other hand, the income for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 would be decreased by Ps.11.4 million, Ps.6.0 million and 0;Ps.3.1 million, respectively.
 
Pursuant to Argentine Banking GAAP, we generally record the cost of vacation payments earned by employees when paid, U.S. GAAP requires that this expense be recorded on an accrual basis as the vacations are earned. If U.S. GAAP had been applied, our liabilities would have increased by Ps.23.2 million, Ps.60.0 million and Ps.48.4 million for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Net income would have increased by Ps.36.8 million at December 31, 2008 and would have decreased by Ps.11.6 million and Ps.3.6 million for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
 
Pursuant to Argentine Banking GAAP, we do not give accounting recognition to checks drawn against the Bank or other banks or other items to be collected, until such time as the related item clears or is accepted. Such items are recorded by the Bank in memorandum accounts. U.S. banks, however, account for such items through balance sheet clearing accounts at the time the items are presented. Had U.S. GAAP been applied, the Banks assets and liabilities would be increased by approximately Ps.1,299.5 million and Ps.1,191.4 million at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
 
Under Argentine Banking GAAP, the Bank recognizes for forward and unsettled spot transactions as a receivable and a payable at the time of the agreement, which reflect the amount of cash, currency or securities to be exchanged at the closing date. The receivable or payable representing the receipt or delivery of securities or currency is stated at the quoted market value of such
 
 
 
 
securities or currency. Under U.S. GAAP, in general entities would not recognize a receivable or payable but would recognize the differences arising from changes in the market price of securities or currency to be received or delivered if the transaction did not qualify as a hedge. Had U.S. GAAP been applied, the Bank’s assets and liabilities would be decreased by approximately Ps.9.6 million and Ps.83.5 million at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
 
Under Argentine Banking GAAP, foreign trade acceptances are not recorded on the balance sheet by the Bank. In accordance with Regulation S-X, acceptances and related customer liabilities should be recorded on the balance sheet. The effect of the adjustment required to state balance sheets in accordance with Regulation S-X would be to increase assets (due from customers on acceptances) and increase liabilities (bank acceptances outstanding) by Ps.253.9 million and Ps.196.5 million at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
 
At December 31, 2007, the subsidiary Consolidar AFJP, manages a retirement and pension plan for an amount of Ps.17.3 billion. By reason of the implementation of the new Argentine Integrated Social-Security Scheme (SIPA) Consolidar AFJP S.A. transferred such rights to ANSES for an amount of approximately 14.0 billion. Consolidar AFJP S.A. maintained provisions related to insurance activities valued in accordance with the accounting standards established by the Superintendence of Pension Fund Administrators. Income for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 would be increased by Ps.230.2 million and for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006 would have decreased by Ps.21.2 million.
 
Consolidar Cía. de Seguros de Retiro S.A. and Consolidar Cía. de Seguros de Vida S.A. maintain reserves accounted in Other Liabilities from Subsidiaries valued in accordance with de accounting standards established by the Superintendence of Pension Fund Administrators and the National Superintendence of Insurance (see Notes 4.3.e) and 6). Had U.S. GAAP been applied, liabilities would be decreased by Ps.176.8 million, Ps.16.9 million and Ps.30.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. On the other hand, income for the year ended December 31, 2008 and 2006 would be increased by Ps.159.9 million and Ps.20.0 million, respectively and would be decreased by Ps.13.3 million for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007.
 
On May 4, 1998, our shareholders approved the reversal of the shares issuance premium related to the capital increase paid on December 19, 1997 and relating to the business goodwill from the acquisition of 71.754% of the capital stock of Banco de Crédito Argentino. Under Argentine Banking GAAP, we recognize the issuance premium under “Issuance premiums” and capitalize the related amount under Intangible assets. The effect of adjustments required to state such amounts in accordance with U.S. GAAP would be to increase assets by Ps.254.9 million for fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006.
 
On May 13, 1999, BBVA acquired Corp Banca S.A. and Atuel Fideicomisos S.A. and on September, 13, 1999, BBVA sold its interests in both companies to BF. For the difference between the definitive price of the transaction and the incorporation value of both companies, the Bank recognized a goodwill and amortized it in proportion to the months of estimated useful life (120-month period). Under U.S. GAAP, we would be required to account for the acquisition of the mentioned companies at BBVA’s book balance. Had U.S. GAAP been applied, the Bank’s assets would be increased by Ps.54.7 million, Ps.42.5 million and Ps.35.9 million at December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Additionally, the income would be increased by Ps.12.2 million, Ps.6.6 million and Ps.6.6 million for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006.
 
SFAS No. 142 requires, effective January 1, 2002, that goodwill no longer be amortized, but is subject to an impairment test annually or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset may be impaired. Accordingly, we have recognized an impairment loss. Had U.S. GAAP been applied, our assets would be decreased by Ps.309.6 million for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006.
 
SFAS No. 133 establishes accounting and reporting standards for derivative instruments, including certain derivative instruments embedded in other contracts (collectively referred to as derivatives) and for hedging activities. Had U.S. GAAP been applied, our assets and liabilities would have increased by Ps.5.5 million and Ps.4.3 million, respectively, at December 31, 2008. On the other hand, income for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 would had increased by Ps.4.6 million.
 
The bank maintains reserves accounted in Allowance for other contingencies valued in accordance with the accounting standards established by BCRA (see Note 3.4.18). Had U.S. GAAP been applied income for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 would have decreased by Ps.44.8 million and would have increased by Ps.44.8 million for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006.
 
Calculated in accordance with U.S. GAAP, our net income for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 would have been Ps.915.1 million, Ps.909.1 million and Ps.977.5 million, respectively. Under Argentine Banking GAAP, our net income was Ps.321.5 million, Ps.235.0 million and Ps.180.0 million, for the same respective periods.
 
 
 

Credit Ratings

The international rating agencies downgraded our ratings in 2001 and 2002, following the crisis and the downgrade of the sovereign ceiling. Standard & Poor’s rated our counterparty credit risk rating “SD” (selective default) and our senior debt rating “CC” and Moody’s Investors Service rated our financial strength credit rating “E” and our senior debt rating “Ca”.
 
As of June 15, 2002, we asked the international rating agencies to temporarily suspend the ratings of BBVA Banco Francés. We made this decision within cost reduction measures and because we believed that our ratings would not improve in the medium term in light of the deep crisis in Argentina and in the financial system.
 
As of June 1, 2005, with the completion of the sovereign debt restructuring, Standard & Poor’s upgraded the new sovereign debt to “B-” and currently maintains a rating of “B+”, with stable outlook. As of September 2007, Standard & Poor’s confirmed its rating for the Argentine sovereign debt. Accordingly, Standard & Poor’s rated “AA” BBVA Banco Francés’ local counterparty credit risk rating and “AA” its senior debt rating.
 
As of August 11, 2008, Standard & Poor's lowered its foreign and local currency long-term credit ratings on the Republic of Argentina to “B” from “B+”, with stable outlook. The sovereign's weaker financial profile-combined with a deteriorating political environment-makes Argentina's creditworthiness more consistent with a “B” rating. In addition, Standard & Poor's lowered its national scale rating on Argentina to “AA-” from “AA”. Accordingly, it rated “AA-” BBVA Banco Francés’ local counterparty credit risk rating and its senior debt rating, with stable outlook.
 
As of October 31, 2008, Standard & Poor's lowered its foreign and local currency long-term credit ratings on the Republic of Argentina to “B-” from “B”, with stable outlook. The downgrade reflects its heightened concerns about the deteriorating economic and political environment in Argentina and the resulting increased fiscal stress. The weaker global economy will hurt the prices of agricultural commodities, the export of which greatly supports the sovereign's fiscal and external accounts. In addition, Standard & Poor's lowered its national scale rating on Argentina to “A+” from “AA”. Accordingly, it rated “A+” BBVA Banco Francés’ local counterparty credit risk rating and its senior debt rating, with stable outlook.
 
As of the filing of this annual report, credit ratings in the banking system are still very affected by the remaining effects of the crisis. We intend to request for international ratings once the financial and economic situation of Argentina, of the financial system and of the Bank gives value added to investors and justifies the cost.
 
Research and Development, Patents and Licenses
 
We incur research and development expenses in connection with technology information systems. See “Information on the Company-Information Technology”. We hold no material patents and do not license to others any of our intellectual property. We plan infrastructure development (processing, telecommunications, Internet, information security) based upon present and projected future demand of such services. We acquire the necessary technology, including equipment, from third parties.
 
Trend Information
 
Among the highlights was the slowdown in the stock of loans to the private sector which grew only by 22.9%, vis-à-vis a 40.9% growth noticed in 2007. The loans segments most affected were overdrafts and documents discounts, while credit lines for individuals (Personal Loans and Credit Cards) were partially compensated by rates above 30%. Private sector deposits grew by 8.5% in 2008, reflecting a less liquid context. Total deposits on the other hand grew by 14.2% due to a better performance of public sector deposits. For a description of recent changes in our business strategy and a summary of the main consequences of the current economic scenario on our business and future prospects see “Information on the Company-Business Overview”.
 
ITEM 6. DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES

Directors and Senior Management
 
Directors
 
The corporate by-laws of BBVA Banco Francés S.A. state that the Bank’s management corresponds to a board of directors consisting of a minimum of three and a maximum of nine directors, who are elected by the shareholders to hold such office for a period of three years and may be re-elected (the “Board”). The by-laws also foresee the appointment of alternate directors. According to the by-laws, the Board meets at least once per month.
 
 
 
 
The table below indicates the names of the members of our Board, their present position in the company, their business background and the date of expiration of the period for which they were elected.
 
The Regular and Special Shareholders Meeting held on April 26, 2007 (i) re-elected two regular directors, Messrs. Marcelo Canestri and Javier D’Ornellas, for a period of three years; and (ii) elected José Manuel Tamayo Pérez as new director to replace José Carlos Plá Royo, also for a period of three years. The Regular and Special Shareholders Meeting held on March 28, 2008, elected Jesús Gonzalvo Lozano and Luis Bernardo Juango Fitero as new directors for a period of three years. The Regular and Special Shareholders Meeting held on March 27, 2009 (i) re-elected two regular directors, Messrs. Jorge Carlos Bledel and Oscar Miguel Castro, for a period of three years; (ii) re-elected two alternate directors, Messrs. Martín Ezequiel Zarich and Carlos Horacio Peguet, for a period of three years. After the relevant appointments to executives officers, the Board was constituted as follows: Mr. Jorge Carlos Bledel as President, Mr. José Manuel Tamayo Pérez, as Vice Chairman and Messrs. Marcelo Gustavo Canestri, Javier D’Ornellas, Oscar Miguel Castro, Jesús Gonzalvo Lozano and Luis Bernardo Juango Fitero as Regular Directors.
 

 

 
Name
 
Current
Term Ends
 
Position as of
December 31, 2004
 
Date of Birth
 
Present principal occupations outside BBVA Banco Francés
and business experience
                 
Jorge Carlos Bledel
(*)
 
December 2008
 
Chairman
 
04/19/1954
 
Present principal occupations:
Director, Rombo Compañía Financiera S.A. (“Rombo Compañía Financiera”); Vice Chairman, Francés Valores Sociedad de Bolsa S.A. (“Francés Valores”); Chairman, Inversora Otar S.A. (“Inversora Otar”);
 
Business experience: Director, Credilogros Compañía Financiera S.A. (“Credilogros”); Chairman, Consolidar AFJP S.A. (“Consolidar AFJP”); Chairman, Consolidar ART S.A. (“Consolidar ART”); Chairman, Consolidar Compañía de Seguros de Vida S.A. (“Consolidar Seguros de Vida”); Chairman, Consolidar Compañía de Seguros de Retiro S.A. (“Consolidar Seguros de Retiro”); Chairman, BBVA Consolidar Seguros S.A. (“BBVA Seguros”) and Chairman, Consolidar Salud S.A. (“Consolidar Salud”). Credit Manager, Banco del Interior y Buenos Aires; Business Manager, Corporación Metropolitana de Finanzas; Financial Manager, BBVA Banco Francés; Wholesale Banking Director, BBVA Banco Francés and Retail Banking Director, BBVA Banco Francés.
 
Mr. Bledel joined the staff of BBVA Banco Francés in 1986 and was first elected to the Board in March 2003.
 
José Manuel Tamayo Pérez
(**)
 
December 2009
 
Vice-chairman
 
05/22/1950
 
Present principal occupations:
Director, Consolidar AFJP; Director, Consolidar Seguros de Retiro.
 
Business experience: Retail Banking Director, BBVA S.A.; Retail Banking Director, BBVA Banco Francés S.A.; Marketing Director España and Portugal, BBVA S.A.
 
Mr. Tamayo Pérez was elected Director in April 2007.
 
Marcelo Gustavo Canestri
(***)
 
December 2009
 
Director
 
04/23/1953
 
Present principal occupations:
Director, Francés Valores; Director, Inversora Otar.
 
Business experience: Corporate Assistant Manager, BBVA Banco Francés; Wholesale Banking Assistant Manager, BBVA Banco Francés; Asset Management Director, BBVA Banco Francés and Financial Director, BBVA Banco Francés; Director, Consolidar Seguros de Retiro; Director, Consolidar AFJP; Director, Consolidar ART; Director, Consolidar Seguros de Vida; Director, BBVA Seguros.
 
Mr. Canestri joined the Bank in 1973 and was first elected to the Board in September 2001.
 
Javier José D’Ornellas
(****)
 
December 2009
 
Director
 
06/07/1940
 
Present principal occupations
Director, Asociación Argentina Cultural Inglesa (AACI); Chairman, Rentar S.A.
 
Business experience: Director, Inversiones Robert S.A.;
Chairman, Rentar S.A.; Chairman, VASA S.A.; Chairman, MASISA Argentina S.A.; Chairman, Vidrios Lirquén S.A.; Chairman, Santa Lucía Cristal SACIF; Director, Concord S.A. Colombia and Director, Santa Lucia Cristais Brasil.
 
Mr. DOrnellas was elected Director in 1998.
 
 
 
Name
 
Current
Term Ends
 
Position as of
December 31, 2004
 
Date of Birth
 
Present principal occupations outside BBVA Banco Francés
and business experience
                 
Oscar Miguel Castro
(****)
 
December 2008
 
Director
 
12/04/1945
 
Present principal occupations:
(Alternate) Statutory auditor, Transportadora Gas del Sur.
 
Business experience: Statutory auditor, Orígenes AFJP, Orígenes Retiro, Internacional Vida, Santander Sociedad de Bolsa, Banco Supervielle, Banco Rio, Banco Sociérale S.A., Axa Inversora, BBVA Banco Francés. Alternate statutory auditor: Banco Comafi, BNP Asset Management. Executive Committee of Financial Services member: Arthur Andersen Worldwide. Partner in charge of Financial Services Division: Arthur Andersen Latin America and Argentina. International Partner: Arthur Andersen.
 
Mr. Castro was elected Director in 2003.
 
Jesús Gonzalvo Lozano
(**)
 
December 2010
 
Director
 
04/19/1952
 
Present principal occupations: Director, BBVA Banco Francés S.A.
 
Business experience: Regional Director, Cataluña, Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria S.A.; Risks Director, Banco Exterior.
 
Luis Bernardo Juango Fitero
(**)
 
December 2010
 
Director
 
08/24/1949
 
Present principal occupations: Director, BBVA Banco Francés S.A.
 
Business experience: President, Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria S.A. Colombia; Regional Director, BBVA S.A.

(*)
According to the provisions of General Resolution No. 368 (New Text 2001), as amended by General Resolution No. 400 of the CNV, Mr. Jorge Carlos Bledel does not qualify as independent director, as he is an employee of the Bank.
(**)
Mr. José Manuel Tamayo Pérez, Jesús Gonzalvo Lozano and Luis Bernardo Juango Fitero do not qualify as independent directors according to the independence criteria set forth by General Resolution No. 368 (New Text 2001), as amended by General Resolution No. 400 of the CNV, as they are former employees of BBVA S.A.
(***)
According to General Resolution No. 368 (New Text 2001), as amended by General Resolution No. 400 of the CNV, Mr. Marcelo Gustavo Canestri does not qualify as independent director as he is a former employee of the Bank and he has not yet complied with the period required by the rule (three years from his resignation).
(****)
Mr. D’Ornellas and Mr. Castro qualify as independent directors according to the independence criteria established by General Resolution No. 368 (New Text 2001), as amended by General Resolution No. 400 of the CNV.

The Regular and Special Shareholders Meeting dated March 27, 2009 re-elected Messrs. Jorge Carlos Bledel and Oscar Miguel Castro as regular directors and Messrs. Martín Ezequiel Zarich (Background: Alternate Director, Consolidar ART; Alternate Director, Consolidar Seguros de Vida; Alternate Director, Consolidar AFJP; Alternate Director, Consolidar ART; Alternate Director, BBVA Seguros; Director, Inversora Otar S.A.; Director, Francés Valores Soc. de Bolsa S.A., Director, Aplica Soluciones Argentina S.A.; Banking Development Director for the Americas of BBVA; Retail Banking Director; Financial Director; Mergers Director of BBVA Banco Francés; Planning Director of Banco de Crédito; Manager, Management Control, Banco de Crédito; Economist, Banco de Crédito; he joined Banco de Crédito in 1987); and Carlos Horacio Peguet (Background: Chairman and General Manager of Consolidar AFJP; Chairman of Consolidar ART; Chairman of Consolidar Salud; Chairman of Consolidar Seguros de Retiro; Chairman of Consolidar Seguros de Vida; Chairman of Consolidar Seguros; President of Clínica and Maternidad Santa Isabel S.A.; President of Clínica Bazterrica S.A.; Vice president of Assurex S.A.; Chairman, Consolidar Comercializadora S.A.; he joined Consolidar Group in 1994) as alternate directors for a period of three years; none of the alternate directors qualifies as an independent director as per General Resolution No. 400 of the CNV.
 
The Regular and Special Shareholders Meeting held on March 28, 2008 elected Jesús Gonzalvo Lozano and Luis Bernardo Juango Fitero as new directors for a period of three years. As of the date of this annual report, the Central Bank had not issued the relevant authorization for the appointment of directors Jesús Gonzalvo Lozano and Luis Bernardo Juango Fitero.
 
The Regular and Special Shareholders Meeting held on March 27, 2009 re-elected Jorge Carlos Bledel and Oscar Miguel Castro as regular directors, and Martín Ezequiel Zarich as alternate director, all of them for a period of three years.

 
 
Executive Officers

The table below shows the names of the members of the management committee who are our chief executives, their present position and the year of their appointment to such position, as well as their business background. The chief executives are appointed for an indefinite period.
 
Name
 
First Appointed
 
Current Position
 
Date of Birth
 
Background and Work Experience
                 
Jorge Carlos Bledel
 
 
 
 
 
2001
 
Executive Chairman
 
 
 
04/19/1954
 
Director, Rombo Compañía Financiera; Vice Chairman, Francés Valores; Chairman, Inversora Otar S.A.; Chairman, Consolidar AFJP; Chairman, Consolidar ART; Chairman, Consolidar Seguros de Vida; Chairman, Consolidar Seguros de Retiro; Chairman, BBVA Seguros and Chairman Consolidar Salud.
 
Mr. Bledel joined BBVA Banco Francés in 1986.
 
José Carlos López Álvarez
 
 
 
2007
 
Director, Presidency Areas
 
 
03/15/1959
 
Assistant Executive Director, Regulations Compliance, Coordination, Legal Services, Accounting and Auditing, Economic Studies Services, Risks, General Subdirector and Financial Director of Banco del Comercio (Spain) and Vice Chairman, Risk Management Director and Financial Director of BBVA Brasil.
 
Mr. López Alvarez joined the Bank in 2003.
 
Oscar Hugo Fantacone
 
 
 
2002
 
Director, Network Distribution
 
 
03/27/1951
 
Director, Credilogros; Director, Rombo Compañía Financiera; Regular Director, Banelco S.A.; Regular Director Visa Argentina S.A.
 
Mr. Fantacone joined BBVA Banco Francés in 1982 as Special Credits Manager. He also acted as Services-to-client Manager and was promoted as Regional Director in 1997.
 
Martín Ezequiel Zarich
 
 
2007
 
Financial Director
 
09/04/1964
 
 
Alternate Director, Consolidar ART; Alternate Director, Consolidar Seguros de Vida; Alternate Director, Consolidar AFJP; Alternate Director, Consolidar ART; Alternate Director BBVA Seguros; Director, Inversora Otar; Director, Francés Valores; Director, Aplica Soluciones Argentina S.A; Economist, Banco de Crédito Argentino; Management Control and Budget Manager, Banco de Crédito Argentino; Planning Director, Banco de Crédito Argentino; Merger Director, BBVA Banco Francés; Planning Director, BBVA Banco Francés; Financial Director, BBVA Banco Francés; Retail Banking Director, BBVA Banco Francés; Director, Credilogros; Director, BBVA Banco Francés Uruguay; Director, BBVA Banco Francés Cayman Ltd.; Deputy General Director, Business Development BBVA Group.
 
Gabriel Milstein
 
2002
 
Media Director
 
 
08/14/1958
 
Organization Manager, BBVA Banco Francés.
 
Mr. Milstein joined the Bank in 1995.
 
Carlos E. Montoto
 
1998
 
Director, Human Resources
 
 
08/10/1957
 
Director, Atuel Fideicomisos S.A.; President, Promoción y Servicios Financieros S.A.
 
Mr. Montoto joined BBVA Banco Francés in 1975.
 
 
 
 
 
Name
 
First Appointed
 
Current Position
 
Date of Birth
 
Background and Work Experience
                 
Jorge Gustavo Allen
 
 
2007
 
Director, Massive Distribution
 
12/07/1956
 
Goods and Services Manager, Banco Francés del Río de la Plata; Logistics Director, BBVA Banco Francés; President, BBVA Seguros; Territorial Director, BBVA Banco Francés.
 
Mr. Allen joined Banco Francés del Río de la Plata in 1994.
 
Néstor Esteban Gessaga
 
 
2007
 
Director, Corporate Banking and Investment Banking
 
06/16/1955
 
Business Officer, Banco del Interior y Buenos Aires; Leader of the Commercial Team, Banco Supervielle Societe Generale; Corporate Banking Officer, Banco Francés del Río de la Plata; Team Leader Corporate Banking, Banco Francés del Río de la Plata; General Manager, BBVA Banco Francés Uruguay; Corporate Banking Manager, BBVA Banco Francés.
 
Mr. Gessaga joined Banco Francés del Río de la Plata in 1986.
 
Enrique César Bartolomé
 
 
2007
 
Director, Innovation and Development
 
23/01/1965
 
Human Resources Analyst, Banco de Crédito Argentino; Team Leader Management Control, Budget and Audit, Banco de Crédito Argentino; Manager, Management and Budget Control, BBVA Banco Francés; Director, Transformation and Development BBVA Banco Francés.
 
Mr. Bartolomé joined Banco de Crédito Argentino in 1989.
 

The service contracts of the directors and the executive officers do not provide for benefits upon termination of employment, except as mentioned in “Directors, Senior Management and Employees-Compensation of Directors and Officers”.
 
Supervisory Committee

The following table indicates the composition of the Supervisory Committee of BBVA Banco Francés until December 31, 2008:
 
     
Expiration of term
Regular
Mario Rafael Biscardi
 
December 31, 2008
 
Marcelino Agustín Cornejo
 
December 31, 2008
 
Alejandro Mosquera
 
December 31, 2008
       
Alternate
Juan Manuel Minghini
 
December 31, 2008
 
Julieta Paula Pariso
 
December 31, 2008
 
Carolina Verónica Bouzas
 
December 31, 2008
 
As of December 31, 2008, both the regular and alternate members of the Bank’s Supervisory Committee, in their capacity as lawyers, have represented to the Bank that: (a) they perform or are prepared to perform the function of legal advisors with the professional independence required by Technical Resolution No. 15 of the Argentine Federation of Professional Councils in Economic Sciences, and (b) they are members of Biscardi & Asociados.
 
The General Ordinary and Special Shareholders Meeting of BBVA Banco Francés held on March 27, 2009, appointed the following members of the Supervisory Committee:
 
     
Expiration of term
Regular
Mario Rafael Biscardi
 
December 31, 2009
 
Marcelino Agustín Cornejo
 
December 31, 2009
 
Alejandro Mosquera
 
December 31, 2009
       
Alternate
Alejandro Carlos Ortiz
 
December 31, 2009
 
Julieta Paula Pariso
 
December 31, 2009
 
Carolina Verónica Bouzas
 
December 31, 2009

 

 
Background information

Mario Rafael Biscardi: Lawyer, partner of Biscardi & Asociados lawfirm, member of the Supervisory Committee of GMAC Cia. Financiera S.A., General American Compañía de Seguros de Vida S.A., Renault Argentina S.A., Sociedad Comercial del Plata S.A., Met AFJP S.A., Socotherm Americas S.A., Inta Industria Textil Argentina S.A and Duke Energy Cerros Colorados S.A., among others.
 
Alejandro Mosquera: Lawyer, partner of Biscardi & Asociados lawfirm, member of the Supervisory Committee of GMAC Cia. Financiera S.A., General American Compañía de Seguros de Vida S.A., Renault Argentina S.A., Met AFJP SA, Socotherm Americas SA, Santista Textil Argentina S.A., Inta Industria Textil Argentina S.A. and Duke Energy Cerros Colorados S.A., among others.
 
Marcelino Agustín Cornejo: Lawyer, member of Biscardi & Asociados lawfirm, member of the Supervisory Committee of Socotherm Americas S.A., General American Cía. de Seguros de Vida S.A., Consolidar AFJP S.A., Consolidar Compañía de Seguros de Retiro S.A., MET AFJP S.A., Metlife Seguros de Vida S.A., Renault Argentina S.A., Santista Textil Argentina S.A. and Centro Automotores S.A.
 
Alejandro Carlos Ortiz: Lawyer, member of Biscardi & Asociados lawfirm, alternate member of the Supervisory Committee of Socotherm Americas S.A., Santista Textil S.A., Centro Automotores S.A., Plan Rombo S.A. de Ahorro Para Fines Determinados and V.T.V. Norte S.A.
 
Carolina Verónica Bouzas: Lawyer, member of Biscardi & Asociados lawfirm, alternate member of the Supervisory Committee of General American Cía. de Seguros de Vida S.A., Consolidar AFJP S.A., Consolidar Compañía de Seguros de Retiro S.A., MET AFJP S.A., Metlife Seguros de Vida S.A., V.T.V. Norte S.A. and Centro Automotores S.A.
 
Julieta Paula Pariso: Lawyer, member of Biscardi & Asociados lawfirm, alternate member of the Supervisory Committee of CNA ART S.A., General American Compañía de Seguros de Vida S.A., Duke Energy International Southern Cone S.R.L., GMAC Cia. Financiera S.A., Duke Energy Cerros Colorados S.A., MET AFJP S.A., Socotherm Americas S.A. and Consolidar AFJP S.A.
 
Both the regular and alternate members of the Bank’s Supervisory Committee, in their capacity as attorneys, have represented to the Bank that: (i) they are members of Biscardi & Asociados S.R.L. Law Firm and qualify as “independent” according to General Resolution No. 368 (New Text 2001), as amended by General Resolution No. 400 of the CNV; and (ii) have filed all the information required by the mentioned dispositions of the CNV, regarding their professional relations with the Bank.
 
There are no agreements between the Bank and its directors, members of the Supervisory Committee or main executives, as a consequence of which the directors, members of the Supervisory Committee or main executives might have interests in opposition to those of the Bank, according to the provisions of Article 272 of LC.
 
Advisors

All legal advice is provided to the Bank by its own Legal Services Department.
 
The Bank has no financial advisors.
 
External Auditors

As of October 1, 2002, Deloitte & Co. S.R.L. acts as the Bank’s external auditor. The Regular and Special Shareholders Meetings held on August 7, 2002, April 30, 2003, April 22, 2004, April 28, 2005, April 27, 2006, April 26, 2007 and March 28, 2008 approved such appointment.
 
According to the provisions of General Resolution No. 368 of the CNV (New Text 2001) the auditor of the financial statements for (i) the fiscal years ended December 31, 2001 was Mr. Mario A. Bittar, National Public Accountant (University of Buenos Aires), who is registered with the Professional Council of Economic Sciences of the City of Buenos Aires, Volume 184, Page 238, (ii) the fiscal year ended December 31, 2002 was Mr. Carlos Alberto Haehnel, National Public Accountant registered with the Professional Council of Economic Sciences of the City of Buenos Aires, Volume 60, Page 89; and (iii) the auditor of the financial statements for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006 and 2007 was Mr. Carlos Bernardo Srulevich, National Public Accountant (University of Buenos Aires), who is registered with the Professional Council of Economic Sciences of the City of Buenos Aires, Volume 139, Page 192, (iv) the auditor of the financial statements for fiscal year closing on December 31, 2008 is Mr. Pablo Francisco Tonina, National Public Accountant (Buenos Aires Catholic University) and is registered with the Professional Council of
 
 
 
 
Economic Sciences of the City of Buenos Aires, Volume 160, Page 164 and (v) the auditor of the financial statements for the fiscal year closing on December 31, 2009 is Mr. Pablo Francisco Tonina, National Public Accountant (Buenos Aires Catholic University) and is registered with the Professional Council of Economic Sciences of the City of Buenos Aires, Volume 160, Page 164.
 
The firm Deloitte & Co. S.R.L. has its domicile at Florida 234, 5th floor (C1005AAF), City of Buenos Aires, Argentina and is registered with the Professional Council in Economic Sciences of the City of Buenos Aires, under Volume 1, Page 3.
 
Audit Committee (I)

BBVA Banco Francés established the Audit Committee (I) as described in the Minutes of the Board of Directors No. 4989 to comply with the provisions set out by the Central Bank in its Communication “A” 2525, as supplemented, dated April 1997.
 
As of this date, the Audit Committee (I) is comprised of:
 
a) 
Marcelo Gustavo Canestri
 
b) 
José Manuel Tamayo Pérez
 
c) 
Oscar Miguel Castro
 
d) 
Eduardo Zerega
 
Permanent Assistants to the Committee: Jorge Carlos Bledel; Oscar Hugo Fantacone; José Carlos López Álvarez; Evelina Leoní Sarrailh, Martín Zarich and Javier D’Ornellas.
 
The Audit Committee (I) meets once a month. In each of these meetings, the Internal Audit Director presents the projects undertaken by the Internal Audit Department. The minutes of the meeting are then drawn up detailing the issues discussed as well as those items requiring further discussion. The minutes are transcribed into an internal control book which is sent to the Board of Directors for their information.
 
The Audit Committee (I)’s duties are to:
 
§ 
Supervise the appropriate implementation of the internal control systems defined in the institution through a regular evaluation;
 
§ 
Provide assistance to improve the effectiveness of the internal controls;
 
§ 
Inquire about external audit planning and comment as necessary on the nature, scope, and time for the performance of the audit proceedings;
 
§ 
Revise and approve the annual work program of the institution’s internal audit area (“Internal Audit Planning Memorandum” or “Annual Planning”) to be carried out under these rules, as well as the level of compliance with such program;
 
§ 
Revise the reports issued by the internal auditors pursuant to the provisions set forth in these rules;
 
§ 
Consider the observations made by the external and the internal auditors regarding the internal control weaknesses found during the performance of their duties, as well as the corrective measures implemented by the general management to minimize or cure such weaknesses;
 
§ 
Review the results obtained by the Supervisory Committee of the Bank during the performance of its duties, as informed in the applicable reports;
 
§ 
Maintain a permanent communication with the officers of the Superintendency of Financial and Exchange Institutions in charge of the control of the Bank, so as to learn about their concerns, and the problems identified during the inspections conducted in the Bank, and control the actions adopted to solve such problems;
 
 
 
 
§ 
Keep informed of the annual financial statements and the financial statements for the respective three-month periods as well as the external auditors’ report issued with respect to the former, and any other applicable accounting information; and
 
§ 
Regularly control compliance with the independence rules applicable to external auditors.
 
Audit Committee (II) (as per Decree No. 677/01 and General Resolution No. 400/02 which complies with NYSE Listing Standards)

BBVA Banco Francés has an Audit Committee (II) created by resolution of the Board dated May 21, 2004. The Regular and Special Shareholders Meeting dated April 26, 2007, appointed José Manuel Tamayo Pérez to replace José Carlos Plá Royo in compliance with Section 303A.07(b) NYSE, according to which as from July 1, 2005 all members of the Audit Committee must be “independent”.
 
With the appointment of José Manuel Tamayo Pérez, the Audit Committee (II) consists of three members of the Board, two of which are independent directors in terms of Decree No. 677/01 and Resolution No. 400/02, are elected for three years and may be re-elected.
 
Its present composition, according to Board’s Resolution dated April 27, 2007, is the following:
 
 
 Members:    José Manuel Tamayo Pérez  
     Oscar Miguel Castro  
     Javier DOrnellas  
               

The powers and duties of the Audit Committee (II) are as follows:
 
§ 
To render an opinion on the Board’s proposal to appoint the external auditors to be retained by the company, and ensure their independence.
 
§ 
To supervise the operation of internal control and administrative accounting systems, as well as ensure the reliability of the latter and of all financial information or other significant facts submitted to the CNV and the self-regulated bodies in compliance with the applicable information regulations.
 
§ 
To supervise the application of policies as regards the information about the company’s risk management.
 
§ 
To furnish the market with comprehensive information in respect of operations which may involve conflicts of interest with members of the corporate bodies or controlling shareholders.
 
§ 
To render an opinion on the reasonableness of proposals concerning fees and share option plans for the company’s directors and managers as submitted by the administration body.
 
§ 
To render an opinion on the observance of legal requirements and the reasonableness of the conditions for the issuance of shares or securities convertible into shares in the event of a capital increase, with exclusion or limitation of preference rights.
 
§ 
To verify the observance of the applicable standards of behavior.
 
§ 
To issue a duly grounded opinion with regard to operations with related parties in those cases contemplated by the Decree.
 
§ 
To issue a duly grounded opinion and forward it to the self-regulated entities as determined by the CNV whenever there is a conflict of interests or the possibility of such a conflict in the company.
 
§ 
To prepare annually an action plan to be submitted to the Board and the Supervisory Committee.
 
§ 
To examine the plans prepared by the external and internal auditors, evaluate their performance and issue an opinion on the matter on occasion of the presentation and publication of the annual financial statements.
 
All directors, members of the Supervisory Committee, managers and external auditors must, at the request of the Audit Committee, attend its sessions and cooperate with it, facilitating its access to such information as may be available to them. In order to ensure a more appropriate exercise of the powers and duties contemplated herein, the committee may request the advice of lawyers
 
 
 
 
and other independent professionals and retain their services for the account of the company within the budget allocated for such purposes by the shareholders meeting. The Audit Committee shall have access to such information and documentation as it may deem necessary in order to comply with its obligations.
 
Compensation of Directors and Officers
 
We do not have a compensation committee.
 
The aggregate amount of compensation paid by BBVA Banco Francés and its subsidiaries during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008, to all directors and officers for services in all capacities, including salaries and bonuses, was Ps.27.5 million. This amount also includes compensation accrued during 2007 and paid in 2008. Compensation in the amount of Ps.22.8 million accrued during 2008 and was fully paid in 2009 before the date of this annual report. During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008, BBVA Banco Francés was required to set aside Ps.1.0 million to provide defined contribution pension plans (see Note 19.15 to our Consolidated Financial Statements).
 
Special Committees
 
The Bank has the following special committees (i) Management, (ii) Media, (iii) Technical Operations, (iv) Disclosure, (v) Internal Control Evaluation, among others.
 
§ 
Management Committee                                                    
 
As at December 31, 2008 the Management Committee is formed by: (i) Jorge Carlos Bledel, (ii) Martín Ezequiel Zarich, (iii) Carlos Eduardo Montoto, (iv) Oscar Hugo Fantacone, (v) Gabriel Milstein, (vi) Néstor Gessaga, (vii) José Carlos López Álvarez, (viii) Enrique Bartolomé and (ix) Jorge Allen.
 
The obligations of the Management Committee are to: (i) fix the business and investment strategies, the general risks policies, the human resources policies and cooperation with the company’s General Manager; (ii) delegate powers to other officers; (iii) analyze and approve the general annual budget; (iv) monitor its evolution and determine corrective measures according to internal and market variables, and (v) create business synergies with other companies of the group.
 
§ 
Computer Technology Committee
 
The Computer Technology Committee is responsible for the institutional treatment of the policies, goals and planning of the information systems area, and is constituted by: (i) Gabriel Milstein, (ii) Rubén Efron, (iii) Marcelo Gustavo Canestri, (iv) Daniel Neme, (v) Guillermo de la Plaza and (vi) Gustavo Siciliano.
 
§ 
Technical Operations Committee
 
The Technical Operations Committee (“CTO”) consists of the following members: (i) Executive Director; (ii) Risks Director, (iii) Chief Coordination and Risks Control Officer; (iii) Chief Retail Risks Officer (II); (iv) Chief Corporate Risks Officer (II); (v) Chief Judicial Recovery and Bankrupt Officer (II) only for topics of the corresponding area (vi) Chief Admission Officer (III), (vii) Chief Recovery Officer (III) and (viii) Risks Technical Secretariat.
 
The obligations of the Risks Committee are as follows:
 
(1) 
To resolve on proposals which exceed the powers delegated to the Credit Risk Committee (CRC) or the Central Tracking Committee (CTC), and submit recommendations in cases where the final decision must be made by the Bank’s executive levels.
 
(2) 
To approve qualifications for regularly adjusted amounts and special risks amounts that have been delegated as such (risks linked to Communications Media, Political Parties, Trade Unions, or related to BBVA Banco Francés or its officers). If it is a qualification proposal exceeding the above-mentioned amounts, it must be first approved by the CTO and then the “Companies and Wholesale Risks” or the “Retail Risks” sector, as may be applicable, must send all background information to the Central Credit Risks Unit for it to be confirmed according to the regulations in force for such circumstances. The Companies and “Wholesale Risks” or the “Retail Risks” area, as may be applicable, will conduct the relevant procedures before the Central Credit Risks Unit (CCRU) until a decision is made.
 
(3) 
To decide on rebates and penalties according to the regulations in force and delegated amounts.
 
 
 
 
§ 
Assets and Liabilities Committee
 
The Assets and Liabilities Committee is formed by : (i) the Director of the Presidency Areas, José Carlos López Álvarez,; (ii) the Corporate Banking and Investment Banking Director, Néstor Gessaga; (iii) the Risks Director, José Carlos López Alvarez; (iv) the Chief Financial Director, Martín Zarich (v) the Financial Management Director, Carlos Marí, (vi) the Retail Banking Director, Oscar Hugo Fantacone; and (vii) the Financial Control Manager, Enrique Savanti.
 
The Asset and Liability Committee meets on a weekly basis, and its main duties are:
 
(i) 
Establishes specific limits with respect to risk exposure;
 
(ii) 
Sets policy with respect to pricing and approves commercial policies which may have a financial impact on our balance sheet; and
 
(iii) 
It is responsible for the follow-up of monetary aggregates and financial variables, our liquidity position, regulations from the Central Bank and the competitive environment in assets, liabilities and interest rates.
 
§ 
Disclosure Committee
 
The Disclosure Committee consists of: (i) the Director of the Presidency Areas, José Carlos López Álvarez, (ii) the Director of the Financial Area (President), Martín Ezequiel Zarich (iii) the Legal Services Director, Evelina Leoní Sarrailh, (iv) the Audit Director, Eduardo Zerega, (v) the Accounting Manager, Mónica Etcheverry (vi) the Financial Control Manager, Enrique Savanti; (vii) Independent Director, Oscar Miguel Castro; and (viii) the Secretary for Relations with Investors, Daniel Sandigliano.
 
The General Functions of the Disclosure Committee are to make sure that all information supplied to the Bank’s shareholders, the markets where its shares are listed and the regulatory bodies of such markets is true and complete, adequately represents its financial situation and the results of its operations, and is communicated in compliance with the terms and other requirements of the applicable regulations and with general market operation and good corporate governance principles. It must therefore ensure the existence and maintenance by the Bank of procedures and controls regarding the preparation and content of all information included in the Financial Statements as well as of any accounting or financial information which must be registered with the CNV and other regulatory bodies and agents of the stock exchanges where the shares of BBVA Banco Francés are listed.
 
§ 
Asset Laundering and Terrorism Financing Prevention Committee
 
During most of the fiscal year 2008, the Asset Laundering and Terrorism Financing Prevention Committee was formed by: the Chief Director (member), a Director (member), the Officer in charge of operating functions – Manager of Regulations Compliance and Internal Control Department (Coordinator), the Head of Financial Brokerage – Director of Presidency Areas (Vice coordinator), the Head of Money Laundering at the Regulations Compliance and Internal Control Department (Vice coordinator), the Head of Money Laundering at the Regulations Compliance and Internal Control Management of Related Companies (Vice coordinator), the Director of Corporate Banking and Investment Banking (member), the Director of Legal Services Department (member), the Director of Auditing Department (member), the Representative of Legal Services Department (secretary), the Director of Media Department (member), the Director of Human Resources Department (member), the Director of Network Distribution (member), the Director of Massive Distribution (member), the Head of Financial and Accounting Department of Grupo Consolidar (member), the President of Francés Valores Sociedad de Bolsa S.A. (member), and the President of Francés Administradora de Inversiones S.A. (member).
 
As of October 2008, the Asset Laundering and Terrorism Financing Prevention Committee is formed as follows: the Chief Director (member), a Director (member), the Manager of the Regulations Compliance Department (Coordinator), the Presidency Departments Director (Vice coordinator), the Chief Money Laundering Officer of the Regulations Compliance Management (Vice coordinator), the Chief Money Laundering Officer of the Regulations Compliance Management for Related Companies (Vice coordinator), the Corporate Banking and Investment Director (member), the Director of Legal Services Department (member), the Auditing Director (member), the Human Resources Director (member), the Network Distribution Director (member), the Markets Director – Head Officer in financial brokerage (member), the Innovation and Development Director (member), the Chief Control Management of Grupo Consolidar (member), the President of Francés Valores Sociedad de Bolsa (member), the President of Francés Administradora de Inversiones (member).
 
 

 
In order to comply with its control and prevention purposes, the Terrorism Assets and Money Laundering Prevention Committee assumes the following responsibilities:
 
-
To deal with all matters related to the prevention of terrorism assets laundering and financing.

To define operational policies and continuously monitor their degree of advancement.

To provide support for the terrorism assets laundering and financing Sub-Committee in order to make decisions on reporting to the competent authorities about any transactions which may appear unusual or suspicious, or dismissing such action as may be required.

To assign duties to the different areas involved.

Each Vocal member assumes the following functions:
 
To render his or her area of activity more sensitive as to the importance of preventing terrorism assets laundering and financing.

To detect any relevant situation which may occur in his or her area in this connection.

To analyze any new product or service and evaluate potential asset laundering risks.

To assume the necessary commitments in his or her area in order to implement prevention systems in coordination with the officer responsible for Asset Laundering Prevention.

The Terrorism Asset Laundering and Financing Committee has delegated some of its powers in order to optimize the treatment of reports received. To this effect a Prevention Subcommittee has been created with powers to receive, analyze and report any unusual or suspicious operations according to the procedure determined by the Bank’s internal regulations.
 
The committee meets every three months, or extraordinarily whenever the coordinator should deem it convenient due to the existence of relevant matters to be discussed.
 
Not fewer than five business days in advance of the meeting the Regulatory Compliance Director will discuss with the secretary those subjects to be treated at the quarterly meeting, and the Secretary will submit the agenda to the members of the Committee.
 
§ 
Corporate Integrity Management Committee
 
Participants
 
The Committee members acquire such condition as a result of their position and will cease to be such members as soon as they cease in their functions as heads of the relevant areas. The Corporate Integrity Management Committee is conformed by: the Legal Services Director, the Director of Regulatory Compliance, the Director of Human Resources and the Director of Internal Auditing. The Committee members may appoint any executive in their area to replace them in case of absence or impossibility to attend any of its meetings.
 
Secretary
 
The Committee will appoint a Secretary pertaining to the Legal Services Area to attend the meetings without a vote and perform the following functions:
 
Convene the Committee.

Prepare the agenda for the Committee meetings based on the proposals received from the different members.


 
 
Functions
 
To authorize exemptions from compliance with concrete provisions of the Code of Behavior. In all cases such exemptions will be of an exceptional character and for a justified reason which will not result in any risks for the Corporate Integrity of BBVA Banco Francés and companies of the group in Argentina.

To promote the adoption of such measures as are required in order to resolve about any ethically questionable behaviors which may be brought to the knowledge of any of the members, either as a consequence of their functions in their areas or due to the reception of communications of the type mentioned in paragraph 6.28. of the Code of Behavior.

To bring to the attention of the Board of Directors; the Auditing and Regulatory Compliance Commission, the Management Committee, or the officer responsible for the preparation of financial statements, as the case may be, those circumstances which might derive significant risks for BBVA Banco Francés and companies of the group in Argentina , in order to ensure that such statements will reflect any relevant facts.

To resolve situations where the interests of BBVA Banco Francés and companies of the group in Argentina may appear to be in opposition to those of their clients.

To prepare and distribute interpretation notes on such aspects of the Code of Behavior as may so require in order to ensure their application in practice.

To propose changes to the content of the Code of Behavior in order to adjust it to the evolution of the activities and businesses of BBVA Banco Francés and companies of the group in Argentina, to their operational environment and to the best practices of the financial industry.

Regular meetings
 
The Corporate Integrity Management Committee will meet with such frequency as may be required for the performance of its functions.
 
§ 
Internal Control Evaluation Committee
 
Participants
 
The Internal Control Evaluation Committee is conformed by: the Regulatory Compliance and Internal Control Manager (who acts as coordinator), the Internal Control Supervisor (who acts as vice-coordinator and secretary), the Director of the Presidency Areas, the Risk Management Director, the Human Resources Director, the Media Director, the Internal Audit Director, the Accounting Manager, the Legal Services Director and the Financial Information Internal Control Manager.
 
Functions
 
The Internal Control Evaluation Committee is the last step in the “Pyramidal Certification” process established in compliance with section 404 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act.
 
In order to fulfill its goals, the Committee assumes the following responsibilities:
 
To discuss the issues related to the internal control model.

To evaluate control weaknesses evidenced in the work performed in compliance with section 404 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act and the group’s internal control model.

Decide on possible discrepancies occurred in the internal certification procedures.

Analyze, if applicable, the internal control report proposal in compliance with the requirements of section 404 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act and the group’s internal control model.

To approve the internal control report that will serve as support for the internal control certification tom be included in the 20-F documentation to be filed with the SEC.
 
 
 
 
Regular meetings
 
Once per year, or at the request of the Committee’s coordinator or vice-coordinator, or when the person responsible for their coordination deems it appropriate due to the existence of some relevant issue.
 
Also in compliance with resolutions of the Central Bank or other controlling bodies, the Bank has appointed different offices responsible for specific subjects, as detailed below:
 
Responsible for Foreign Exchange Positions (Com. “A” 4246 BCRA)
Main Officer Responsible: Mr. Manuel Mansilla
Alternate Officer Responsible: Mr. Gustavo Viturro

Responsible for Foreign Exchange Control (Com. “A” 4246 BCRA)
Main Officer Responsible: Mr. Alejandro Chiaradia
Alternate Officer Responsible: Mr. José Luis Frete

Responsible for relations with entities and their clients (Com. “A” 4378 and 4394 BCRA)
Main Officer Responsible: Mr. Norberto Loza
Alternate Officer Responsible: Mr. Roberto Adragna

Responsible for the Liquidity Policy (Com. “A” 2879 BCRA)
Mr.: Carlos Marí

Responsible for Information Systems (Com. “A” 2593)
Main Officer Responsible: Mr. José Carlos López Alvarez
Alternate Officer Responsible: Mr. Martín Ezequiel Zarich

Responsible for Market Relations (Decree No. 677/01)
Main Officer Responsible : Mr. José Carlos López Alvarez
Alternate Officers Responsible: Mr. Martín Ezequiel Zarich, Mrs. Evelina Sarrailh

Compliance Officer on Money Laundering Prevention regulations (Resol. No. 2 UIF)
Mr. Christian Mozetic

Significant Differences between BBVA Banco Francés’ Corporate Governance Practices and U.S. Companies’ Practices under NYSE Listing Standards
 
BBVA Banco Francés’ corporate governance practices are governed by the applicable Argentine law (particularly, the Business Companies Law, Decree No. 677/01 and the Standards of the CNV), as well as by its by-laws. BBVA Banco Francés has securities that are registered with the SEC and are listed on the NYSE, and is therefore subject to corporate governance requirements applicable to NYSE-listed non-U.S. companies.
 
NYSE-listed non-U.S. companies may, in general, follow their home country corporate governance practices in lieu of most of the new NYSE corporate governance requirements codified in Section 303A of the NYSE’s Listed Company Manual. However, NYSE-listed non-U.S. companies must comply with NYSE Sections 303A.06, 303A.11 and 303A.12(b) and (c).
 
NYSE Section 303A.11 requires that non-U.S. companies disclose any significant ways in which their corporate governance practices differ from U.S. companies under NYSE listing standards. In accordance with NYSE Section 303A.11, we describe below the relevant differences between BBVA Banco Francés’ corporate governance practices and NYSE standards for listed companies.
 
On the other hand, the CNV has recently passed GR 516/07 providing for the minimum contents of a Corporate Governance Code (“Código de Gobierno Societario”, hereinafter the “CGS”) that it recommends to be adopted, but on a discretional basis, by corporations which publicly offer shares representing their capital stock in Argentina. This CNV resolution has become effective for fiscal years commencing on or after January 1, 2008.
 
 
 
 
Director Independence

Under NYSE Section 303A.01, a NYSE-listed company must have a majority of independent directors on its board of directors.
 
Under Argentine law, the board is not required to consist of a majority of independent directors. Notwithstanding, when directors are appointed, each shareholder that nominates a director is required to report at the meeting whether or not such director is independent. As of May 28, 2004, Argentine companies are required to have at least two independent directors to appoint the Audit Committee (I y II). Since October 29, 1998, BBVA Banco Francés has two independent directors among the seven members of its current Board of Directors.
 
Standards for Evaluating Director Independence

NYSE Section 303A.02 establishes general standards to evaluate directors’ independence (no director qualifies as “independent” unless the board of directors affirmatively determines that the director has no material relationship with the listed company (either directly or as a partner, shareholder or officer of an organization that has a relationship with the company)), and emphasizes that the concern is independence from management. The board is also required, on a case by case basis, to express an opinion with regard to the independence or lack of independence, of each individual director.
 
To qualify as an “independent” or “non-independent” director, CNV standards (General Resolution No. 400) are substantially similar to NYSE standards. CNV standards provide that independence is required with respect to the Bank, and to its controlling shareholders or to shareholders with material holdings (35% or more), and that, for any person to be appointed as an independent director, such person must not perform executive functions within the Bank. Close relatives of any persons who would not qualify as “independent directors” would also not be considered “independent”.
 
Non-management Directors Meetings

Under NYSE Section 303A.03, non-management directors must meet at regularly scheduled executive meetings not attended by management. Neither Argentine law nor BBVA Banco Francés’ by-laws require that any such meetings be held.
 
Nominations Corporate Governance Committee

Under NYSE Section 303A.04, listed companies shall have a “nominations/corporate governance committee” comprised entirely of independent directors. Neither Argentine law nor BBVA Banco Francés’ by-laws require the formation of a “nominations/corporate governance committee”. The right to nominate directors is vested in the shareholders and the nomination is made at the shareholders’ meeting. Pursuant to CNV Standards, the person who nominates a director shall report at the shareholders’ meeting whether or not the nominee is an “independent person”, based on criteria established by CNV (which are substantially similar to NYSE standards).
 
Compensations Committee

Under NYSE Section 303A.05(a), listed companies had to have a “Compensations Committee” comprised entirely of independent directors. Under NYSE Section 303A.05(b), the “Compensations Committee” shall have a written charter establishing certain minimum responsibilities as set forth in NYSE Section 303A.05(b)(i). BBVA Banco Francés has a Nominations and Compensations Committee, although neither Argentine law nor BBVA Banco Francés’ by-laws require the formation of a “compensations committee”.
 
The CGS sets forth the creation of a Nominations and Compensations Committee, composed of three non-executive directors, most of them independent, whose duties, among others, are to fix the rules and procedures for the selection of key executives and senior staff, to determine the level of remuneration for directors and key executives, to fix policies and practices regarding remunerations and benefits and to approve any relevant changes.
 
Audit Committee (II)

Under NYSE Section 303A.06, listed companies must have an “audit committee” that complies with SEC requirements. Foreign private issuers shall have this audit committee in place prior to July 31, 2005. Decree No. 677/01 and CNV’s standards require BBVA Banco Francés to have its audit committee in place on or prior to May 28, 2004. The Audit Committee (II) of BBVA Banco Francés currently complies with the standards of Decree No. 677/01 and CNV.
 
 
 
 
Under NYSE Section 303A.07(a), the audit committee shall consist of at least three members. All of its members shall be financially literate or must acquire such financial knowledge within a reasonable period and at least one of its members shall have experience in accounting or financial administration. Argentine law also requires the Audit Committee to be comprised of at least three members. Pursuant to CNV’s standards, audit committee members are required to be conversant in business, financial, or accounting issues. CNV’s rules provide for the training of its members to carry out their duties and BBVA Banco Francés engages in this training.
 
 Under NYSE Section 303A.07(a), if a member of the audit committee is simultaneously a member of the audit committee of more than three public companies, and the listed company does not limit the number of audit committees on which its members may serve, then, in each case the board shall determine whether the simultaneous service would prevent such member from effectively serving on the listed company’s audit committee, and shall report its decision in the annual proxy statement of the company or in the company’s annual report filed with the SEC. No such provision regarding an audit committee member’s simultaneous membership on public companies exists under Argentine law or BBVA Banco Francés’ by-laws.
 
Under NYSE Section 303A.07(b), all members of the audit committee are required to be “independent”. In accordance with Decree No. 677/01, a majority of the members of Audit Committee (II) are “independent”.
 
Under NYSE Section 303A.07(c), the audit committee shall have a charter establishing the duties and responsibilities of its members, including, at a minimum, some of the duties and responsibilities required by Rule 10A-3 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”) and as set forth in NYSE Section 303A.7(c) of the NYSE Manual. The functions and responsibilities of the audit committee in Argentina, established by Decree No. 677/01 and CNV’s standards, are essentially the same as provided for under Rule 10A-3 of the Exchange Act.
 
NYSE Sections 303A.07(c)(iii)(B) and (C) establish audit committee objectives: (i) to discuss the annual audited financial statements and the quarterly financial statements of the company with management and the independent auditor, including the information disclosed under the heading “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Conditions and Results of Operations”; (ii) to discuss the company’s press releases relating to its earnings, as well as the financial information and guidelines relating to its earnings that are supplied to equity researchers and rating agencies. No such provision is contained in the Argentine law or BBVA Banco Francés’ by-laws. However, CNV standards establish similar functions for the audit committee, namely, “to verify the reliability of the administrative-accounting system, and of all financial data, or of any significant data submitted to CNV and to self-regulated exchanges, in compliance with the applicable reporting regime”.
 
NYSE Section 303A.07(c)(iii)(B) provides that the audit committee shall establish clear policies for hiring external auditors’ employees. No such provision regarding hiring external auditors’ employees is contained in Argentine law or BBVA Banco Francés’ by-laws.
 
NYSE Section 303A.07(d) provides that each company must have an internal audit function in order to provide to the management and to the audit committee permanent assessments on the company’s risk management processes and internal control system. No such provision regarding an internal audit function is required by Argentine law or BBVA Banco Francés’ by-laws. However, BBVA Banco Francés has an Audit Committee according to Central Bank’s rules, which provides to the management permanent assessments about management and operating processes, and risks of the company.
 
Disclosure of Corporate Governance Guidelines

NYSE Section 303A.09 provides that companies must adopt and disclose corporate governance guidelines, including several issues for which such reporting is mandatory, and include such information on the company’s website, which should also include the charters of the Audit Committee, the Nominations Committee and the Compensation Committee.
 
Decree No. 677/01 required additional information that companies must include in their annual reports, including information relating to the decision-making organization (corporate governance), the company’s internal controls system, norms for director and manager compensation, stock-options, and any other compensation system applicable to Board members and managers. Decree No. 677/01 does not address the remaining issues included in NYSE Section 303A.09. However, all relevant information sent by the Bank to the CNV is forwarded to the CNV through the CNV’s Financial Reporting Highway and may be viewed on the CNV’s website.
 


 
Evaluation of Board Performance

Under NYSE Section 303A.09, the board of directors must make a self-assessment of its performance at least once a year to determine if it or its committees function effectively and report thereon. Under Argentine law, the board’s performance is evaluated at the annual shareholders’ meeting.
 
Code of Ethics

NYSE Section 303A.10 provides for the adoption of a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics and sets out the topics that such code must contain. BBVA Banco Francés’ Board approved in December 18, 2003 a “Code of Conduct of BBVA Banco Francés and its group of companies in Argentina”, which applies to all management and employees, with no exceptions, the English translation of which is available to the public on BBVA Banco Francés’s website. See “Code of Ethics”. BBVA Banco Francés believes that its Code of Conduct complies with the NYSE requirements.
 
Certifications by the CEO

NYSE Section 303A.12(a) provides that the CEO shall on a yearly basis certify to NYSE that he/she knows of no violation by the company of NYSE Sections relating to corporate governance. No such certification is required by Argentine law or by BBVA Banco Francés’ by-laws.
 
Notification of Non-fulfillment

Under NYSE Section 303A.12(b), the CEO shall notify the NYSE in writing whenever any executive officer of the company becomes aware of any substantial non-fulfilment of any applicable provision under NYSE Section 303A.
 
No such provision regarding notification of non-fulfilment of NYSE Section 303A is contained in Argentine law or BBVA Banco Francés’ by-laws, but BBVA Banco Francés’s CEO will comply with the notice provisions as set forth under NYSE Section 303A.12(b).
 
Employees
 
The following table shows the breakdown of our full-time payroll employees as of December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006:
 
   
As of December 31,
 
   
2008 (1)
   
2007 (1)
   
2006 (1)
 
Main office
    1,544       1,600       1,376  
Branches
    2,708       2,494       2,303  
Total
    4,252       4,094       3,679  

(1) 
Excludes 752, 1,865 and 2,053 employees from non-banking subsidiaries as of December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.

Our employees are represented by a national bank union with optional membership. As of December 31, 2008, 492 employees were unionized. The union negotiates a collective bargaining agreement to establish minimum salaries for all of its members. We have not experienced any conflicts with the union for over 20 years and we consider relations with our employees to be satisfactory.
 
We have a personnel Training and Development Department, which is in charge of the training of all of the Bank’s employees. This includes in-house training courses and seminars in all the areas: Operations, Technology and Business (Branches, Corporate Banking). We provide bonuses to individual employees throughout the bank on a discretionary basis, taking into consideration individual merit and overall profit levels. We do not have a formal profit-sharing plan.
 
Share Ownership
 
As of February 27, 2009, Jorge Carlos Bledel (Exectuve Chairman), Marcelo Gustavo Canestri (Director), Oscar Hugo Fantacone (Network Distribution Director), Gabriel Milstein (Media Director), Carlos Eduardo Montoto (Human Resources Director), Jorge Gustavo Allen (Massive Distribution Director), Néstor Esteban Gessaga (Corporate Banking and Investment Banking Director) and Enrique César Bartolomé (Innovation and Development Director) owned shares in BBVA Banco Francés, which represented less than 1% of the capital stock of the Bank.
 
 
 
 
None of our directors, members of the Supervising Committee or our remaining senior executives own shares or options on shares of BBVA Banco Francés.
 
ITEM 7. MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
 
Major Shareholders
 
The following table sets forth certain information regarding the beneficial ownership of our ordinary shares as of December 31, 2008, by each person who, to our knowledge, owns beneficially more than 5% of our ordinary shares. These persons do not have different voting rights.
 
   
Ordinary Shares Beneficially Owned At December 31, 2008
 
Beneficial Owner
 
Number
   
Percent of class
 
Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria (1)
    215,195,798       45.65 %
Bilbao Vizcaya America BV (2)
    98,596,099       20.92 %
Inversora Otar S.A. (3)
    44,301,125       9.40 %
The Bank of New York (4)
    32,732,357       6.94 %
ANSES
    30,369,027       6.44 %

(1)
Number of shares and percent of class owned directly and indirectly by BBVA except for shares held through Bilbao Vizcaya América BV.
(2)
Banco Bilbao Vizcaya América BV is controlled by BBVA.
(3)
Inversora Otar S.A. is controlled indirectly by BBVA.
(4)
As holder agent of ADR.

On December 31, 2002, BBVA Banco Francés carried out a capital increase, in the domestic market. Accordingly the capital stock of BBVA Banco Francés increased from 209,631,892 shares to 368,128,432 shares and BBVA increased its equity interest in the Bank from 68.2% to 79.53%.
 
BBVA Banco Francés carried out a new capital increase in 2004. The subscription period for the exercise of the preemptive and accretion rights regarding the issuance of 103,232,874 ordinary shares of Ps.1 nominal value and one vote per share, entitled to dividends on the same conditions as the shares of the company outstanding ended on November 17, 2004. The offer was carried out by the capitalization of certain eligible assets and cash, and took place in Argentina. Accordingly the capital stock of BBVA Banco Francés increased from 368,128,432 shares to 471,361,306 shares. As a result of the capitalization BBVA (the main shareholder of BBVA Banco Francés) owns, directly and indirectly, 75.97% of BBVA Banco Francés’ capital stock.
 
BBVA Banco Francés is a corporation registered under Argentine law whose shareholders restrict their liability to the shares they have subscribed and paid-in under the Business Companies Law. Therefore, and in terms of Law No. 25,738, no shareholder of the Bank, whether foreign or local, is liable beyond such paid-in shares for obligations deriving from transactions made by the Bank.
 
Except as described above, we are unaware of any arrangements the operation of which may, at a subsequent date, result in a change of control of BBVA Banco Francés.
 
As of December 31, 2008, according to our records and the records of the Depositary, 24 holders of ordinary shares and 29 registered holders of ADSs have an address in the United States, representing, in the aggregate, 7.10% of our issued and outstanding ordinary shares.
 
Related Parties Transactions

The following table presents the loans granted, guarantees given and extensions of credit granted (unused portions) to related parties for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007. Related parties include controlled companies, controlling shareholders and entities under common control, key management and directors and associated entities.
 
 
 

   
Fiscal Year ended December 31, 2008
 
Fiscal Year ended December 31, 2007
Related Party
 
Largest
Outstanding Amount (1)(2)
   
Interest
Rates
   
Amount
Outstanding (2)
   
Interest
Rates
 
Nature
 
Largest
Outstanding
Amount (1)(2)
   
Interest
Rates
   
Amount
Outstanding (2)
   
Interest
Rates
 
Nature
Controlled, Controlling and under common control Entities
                                                   
BBVA and subsidiaries
    114,164             114,164        
Guarantees given, other loans, correspondents
    129,829             65,382        
Guarantees given, other loans, correspondents
Francés Valores Sociedad de Bolsa S.A.
    38,273             9,966        
Other loans and equity investment
    18,217             14,079        
Other loans and equity investment
Francés Administradora de Inversión
    1,560             1,529        
Other loans and equity investment
    1,474       87.50 %     1,392       87.50 %
Advances, credit card loans, other loans and equity investment
Consolidar AFJP S.A.
    35,261       45.00 %     33,882       45.00 %
Advances, credit card loans, other loans, guarantees given and equity investment
    34,078       26.50 %     33,588       45.00 %
Advances, credit card loans, other loans, guarantees given and equity investment
Consolidar Seguros de Vida S.A.
    9,372       45.00 %     9,365       34.00 %
Advances, credit card loans, other loans and equity investment
    9,359             9,359        
Other loans and equity investment
Consolidar Seguros de Retiro S.A.
    29,116       32.61 %     18,808       34.00 %
Advances, credit card loans, other loans, guarantees given and equity investment
    23,073       45.00 %     22,974       31.88 %
Advances, credit cards loans, other loans, guarantees given and equity investment
Consolidar ART S.A.
    4,704       34.00 %     4,704       34.00 %
Credit cards loans, other loans and equity investment
    4,699       45.00 %     4,697       32.73 %
Advances, credit cards loans, other loans and equity investment
Aplica S.A.
    5,263       28.00 %     52       27.50 %
Advances and credit cards loans
    2,157       14.75 %     1,147       27.86 %
Advances and credit cards loans
PSA Finance
    364,026       22.32 %     364,026       22.32 %
Call money, other loans and equity investment
    194,000       50.00 %     194,000       50.00 %
Advances, call money, other loans and equity investment
BBVA Consolidar Seguros S.A.
    15,713             15,713        
Other loans and equity investment
    6,887       45.00 %     6,887       45.00 %
Advances, other loans and equity investment
Assurex S.A.
    35                    
Equity investment
    35             35        
Equity investment
Inversora Otar
    107             107        
Other loans
    3,239                    
Other loans
Atuel Fideicomisos S.A.
    30,845             30,845        
Equity investment
    27,720             27,720        
Equity investment

(1)
Largestamount during the period indicated.
(2)
Inthousands of pesos.

 





   
Fiscal Year ended December 31, 2008
 
Fiscal Year ended December 31, 2007
Related Party
 
Largest
Outstanding Amount (1)(2)
   
Interest
Rates
   
Amount
Outstanding (2)
   
Interest
Rates
 
Nature
 
Largest
Outstanding
Amount (1)(2)
   
Interest
Rates
   
Amount
Outstanding (2)
   
Interest
Rates
 
Nature
Associated Entities
                                                   
Consolidar Salud S.A.
    1,149       45.00 %            
Advances and credit card loans
    196       45.00 %     3       32.73 %
Advances and credit card loans
Rombo Cia Financiera S.A.
    193,513       35.00 %     177,056       17.42 %
Call money, advances, other loans, guarantees given and equity investment
    218,039       13.30 %     197,909       13.61 %
Call money, advances, other loans, guarantees given and equity investment
Key Management Personnel (3)
    1,329       21.50 %     1,312       21.50 %
Advances, credit card loans, personal loans and real state mortgage
    1,102       21.00 %     1,102       21.00 %
Advances, credit card loans, personal loans and real estate mortgage

(1)
Largest amount during the period indicated.
(2)
In thousands of pesos.
(3)
Includes directors, senior managers, members of the audit committee and managers with relevant authority.
 
The transactions included in this section (a) were made in the ordinary course of business, (b) were made on substantially the same terms, including interest rates and collateral, as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with other persons, and (c) did not involve more than the normal risk of collectibility or present other unfavorable features.
 
 
 
 
 

As of December 31, 2008, the Bank did not register assistance received from BBVA.
 
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
Financial Statements
 
See “Item 18. Financial Statements”.

Legal Proceedings

The collection actions pending and disclosed for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006, have been excluded from our Financial Statements for the fiscal year 2007 in view of agreements reached with former shareholders of the former Banco de Crédito Argentino under which said shareholders have agreed to indemnify BBVA Banco Francés for any loses incurred from such claims. Notwithstanding, these judicial proceedings continue on file. In case of an adverse judicial outcome, this will not materially affect the Bank’s equity or its transactions.
 
The measures taken by the Government at the beginning of 2002, including the repeal of the Convertibility Law, the “pesification” of all assets and liabilities in the formal economy and the default by the Government on its debt, led to a massive withdrawal of deposits and a breakdown in the chain of payments. We have faced many lawsuits brought by depositors to recover their deposits in cash and in their original currency interest on their foreign currency deposits. As of December 31, 2008, we had repaid a total of approximately Ps.2,408.3 million and U.S.$106.3 million in deposits in connection with lawsuits brought by depositors, and during 2008 BBVA Banco Francés has paid Ps.122.5 million (comprised by Ps.72.2 million of deposits and Ps.50.3 million of negative exchange difference) regarding lawsuits brought against the Bank (“amparos”).
 
Dividends

We do not have a defined policy of dividend distributions. However, according Communication “A” 4664 of the Central Bank from May 11, 2007, such distribution must have the prior authorization of the Central Bank and any of the following situations may not have occurred during the month immediately preceding the request for authorization made to the Central Bank’s Superintendence of Financial and Foreign Exchange Entities:
 
1. 
The Bank falls under the provisions of articles 34 “Regularization and restructuring” and 35 bis “Restructuring of the entity for the protection of credit and bank deposits” of the Financial Entities Law;
2. 
The Bank has received financial assistance from the Central Bank, other than assistance received for lack of liquidity in terms of Decree No. 739/03 and its regulatory provisions (Communication “A” 3941 and complementary ones), within the framework of article 17 of this Bank’s Charter, and in terms of the transactions foreseen by Communication “A” 4268.
3. 
The Bank incurs delays or noncompliance with respect to the information system set forth by the BCRA; or
4. 
The Bank shows deficiencies as to the payment of its minimum capital, either individually or on a consolidated basis (without computing for such purpose the effects of individual franchises granted by the Superintendence of Financial and Foreign Exchange Entities) or as regards its average minimum cash requirements in pesos or foreign currencies.

For a description of the declared dividends that we have paid on our ordinary shares and ADSs for the years 2004 to 2008, see “Key Information-Declared dividends”.
 
ITEM 9. THE OFFER AND LISTING
 
We were one of the first companies listed on the BCBA. Since 1993 our shares have also been listed on the New York Stock Exchange and, since December 1999 on the Madrid Stock Exchange. Before November 1993, there was no public market for our ordinary shares or ADSs outside of Argentina. The ordinary shares are currently traded on the Buenos Aires Stock Exchange under the symbol “FRAN” and the ADSs are currently traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “BFR”. We cannot give assurance that a public market in the United States for the ADSs will continue to exist.
 
The table below shows the quarterly high and low closing prices of the ordinary shares in pesos on BCBA for the periods indicated. Prices have not been adjusted to reflect all stock dividends paid through the date of this annual report.
 
 
 
 
   
Pesos Per
Ordinary Share (1)
 
   
High
   
Low
 
2009
           
February 2009
    3.30       2.70  
January 2009
    3.90       3.15  
Fiscal year ended December 31, 2008
    8.55       2.42  
Fourth quarter
    5.40       2.42  
December, 2008
    4.10       3.16  
November, 2008
    3.60       2.44  
October, 2008
    5.40       2.42  
Third quarter
    5.92       4.39  
September, 2008
    5.90       4.39  
Second quarter
    7.98       5.45  
First quarter
    8.55       7.10  
Fiscal year ended December 31, 2007
    13.10       8.04  
Fourth quarter
    10.25       8.04  
Third quarter
    11.30       8.54  
Second quarter
    12.80       11.00  
First quarter
    13.10       9.75  
Fiscal year ended December 31, 2006
    9.60       6.90  
Fiscal year ended December 31, 2005
    8.13       5.60  
Fiscal year ended December 31, 2004
    9.95       4.80  

(1) 
Pesos per ordinary share data reflect nominal prices at trading date.
Source: BCBA.
 
The ordinary shares trade on the New York Stock Exchange in the form of ADSs issued by The Bank of New York, as depositary. Each ADS represents three ordinary shares. The table below shows the quarterly high and low closing prices of the ADSs in dollars on the New York Stock Exchange for the periods indicated.
 
 
U.S.$ Per ADS
 
High
 
Low
2009
     
February 2009
2
9/10
 
2
3/43
January 2009
3
25/51
 
2
27/50
Fiscal year ended December 31, 2008
8
21/50
 
1
4/7
Fourth quarter
5
   
1
4/7
December, 2008
4
1/2
 
2
8/17
November, 2008
3
1/4
 
1
19/20
October, 2008
5
   
1
4/7
Third quarter
6
1/20
 
3
17/20
September, 2008
6
1/20
 
3
17/20
Second quarter
7
13/25
 
5
 
First quarter
8
21/50
 
5
3/5
Fiscal year ended December 31, 2007
13
1/10
 
7
12/25
Fourth quarter
10
   
7
12/25
Third quarter
11
   
7
3/5
Second quarter
12
17/20
 
10
11/50
First quarter
13
1/10
 
9
23/39
Fiscal year ended December 31, 2006
9
7/10
 
6
7/10
Fiscal year ended December 31, 2005
8
1/4
 
5
39/50
Fiscal year ended December 31, 2004
10
3/20
 
4
46/63



 
Trading on the BCBA
 
There are nine exchanges in Argentina, of which five have affiliated stock markets and, accordingly, are authorized to quote publicly offered securities: Buenos Aires, Rosario, Córdoba, Mendoza and Santa Fe. The oldest and largest of these exchanges is the BCBA, which was founded in 1854. Usually, the overwhelming majority of all Argentine equity trades take place on the BCBA. As of December 31, 2008 the shares of 110 Argentine companies, excluding mutual funds, were listed on the BCBA. As of December 31, 2008, the 10 most actively traded stocks represented 81.06% of the total volume of equity traded on the exchange (“SINAC” plus “Floor”). All publicly offered securities may be traded on authorized securities exchanges and, except for equity securities, in the Argentine over-the-counter market or MAE. See “Information on the Company—The Argentine Banking System and its Regulatory Framework—Capital Markets”.
 
The MERVAL, which is affiliated with the BCBA, is the largest stock market in Argentina. The MERVAL is a corporation which regulates its members (all of whom are stockholders of the corporation) and transactions conducted on that market. Only stockholders of the MERVAL are allowed to effect transactions either as principal or as agent in that stock market. In 1990, brokerage houses, including bank subsidiaries, were allowed to enter as full members of the market. Trading in the MERVAL is conducted through three different trading systems:
 
§ 
the “Floor”;
 
§ 
the “SINAC”; and
 
§ 
the “Continuous”.
 
The operations at the traditional auction system (“Floor”) start from 11:00 A.M. and end at 6:00 P.M. each business day. Also available is an electronic auction system called “SINAC” where each broker inputs both its buys and sells while the system matches the operations. Since July 1998, both auction systems (the “Floor” and “SINAC”) are considered to be a single market. Both systems allow for the trade of securities, public bonds, private bonds, futures and derivatives. Additionally, the Buenos Aires Stock Market’s trades are made through an electronic Continuous Market System (the “Continuous”) that operates from 11:00 A.M. to 6:00 P.M. each business day. The Continuous is a system that registers and makes public trades that were privately arranged by registered brokers and brokerage companies on behalf of their clients. In this system only public and private bonds may be traded. Such trades are reported on the “Mercado Abierto”, an electronic reporting system similar to, but different from, the Continuous Market System. To control price volatility, the BCBA operates a system which suspends dealing in shares and bonds of a particular issuer for 30 minutes or less when changes in the price of such shares exceed or fall more than 10% of the preceding day’s closing share price. From then on, the BCBA suspends trading for a few minutes when prices rise or fall an additional 5% or more in the same day. In both markets, the operations can be executed in pesos or dollars from local accounts or foreign accounts.
 
As of December 31, 2008, the market capitalization of the 110 companies listed on the BCBA was approximately U.S.$357.1 billion. At the same time, the market capitalization of the domestic companies totaled U.S.$39.9 billion.
 
The following table summarizes certain historical information about the Buenos Aires Stock Exchange.
 
     
Year ended December 31,
 
     
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
Market capitalization (U.S.$ billion)
      357.1       562.4       400.0  
Number of companies listed
      110       109       106  
Rate of return in dollars (1)
      (54.22 )%     0.40 %     33.58 %
Market/book ratio (2)
      0.93       2.09       2.36  

(1) 
Based on the Merval Index
(2) 
Estimated
Source: BCBA and Instituto Argentino de Mercados de Capitales (IAMC).

Market Regulation
 
Both the CNV and BCBA oversee the regulation of the Argentine capital markets. The CNV is responsible for authorizing public offerings of securities and supervising stockbrokers, including those which are subsidiaries of banking institutions. Generally, Argentine securities markets are regulated by Law No. 17,811, which created the CNV and which regulates securities exchanges, stockbrokers, market operations and the public offering of securities.
 
Under Law No. 17,811, public trading of securities on exchanges must be made with stock markets organized as stock corporations, which must be affiliated with a stock exchange.
 
 
 
 
Each stock market has the operating responsibility for all transactions performed by stockbrokers and has disciplinary power over them. Each stock market guarantees the proper settlement or clearance of transactions entered into by stockbrokers. The effect of such a guarantee is to provide brokers assurances that transactions will be consummated in a timely manner.
 
The CNV has passed a set of resolutions establishing a system of self-regulatory entities, under which each self-regulatory entity (which currently includes each exchange and the MAE) is responsible for developing and implementing regulations governing its respective securities market, subject to the approval and oversight of the CNV. Internal rules of each exchange for its affiliated stock market establish conditions for listing securities, admitting brokers, conducting trades and controlling the truthfulness of any information which is required to be reported.
 
In recent years, changes to the legal framework have been introduced permitting the issuance and trading of new financial products in the Argentine capital markets, including commercial paper, new types of corporate bonds, trust bonds, other credit instruments and futures and options over shares, bonds, index and U.S. dollar. On November 1991, brokerage fees were deregulated and transfer taxes and stamp taxes on publicly offered securities were eliminated.
 
In compliance with the provisions of Law No. 20,643, most debt and equity securities traded on the exchanges and on the MAE must, unless otherwise instructed by the stockholders, be deposited by the stockbrokers or over-the-counter dealers in the Caja de Valores, which is a corporation owned by the BCBA, the MERVAL and certain provincial exchanges. The Caja de Valores provides central depository facilities for securities and acts as a transfer and paying agent. In September 2000, the Caja de Valores started Argenclear S.A. (“Argenclear”), a clearing house owned by the most important private and public banks of Argentina, MERVAL and BCBA. Argenclear provides services to the brokers for the settlement of public bond trades registered in the MAE. It also handles settlement of securities transactions carried out by the BCBA and operates the computerized “Exchange Information System”.
 
On May 17, 2001, by means of General Resolution No. 368 the CNV approved a new restated text for a number of regulations in force in order to unify, harmonize and simplify the different requirements established by them. The new text incorporates the changes implemented by all general resolutions issued after General Resolution No. 290. On May 28, 2001, the Official Bulletin published the text of Decree No. 677/01 which created a regulatory framework to ensure Public Offer Transparency.
 
In order to offer securities to the public in Argentina, an issuer must meet certain requirements of the CNV, regarding assets, operating history, management and other matters, and only securities for which an application for a public offering has been approved by the CNV may be listed on the BCBA. This approval does not imply any kind of certification or assurance related to the merits or the quality of the securities, or the solvency of the issuer. Issuers of listed securities are required to file with the CNV and the BCBA quarterly financial statements and audited annual financial statements, as well as various other periodic reports.
 
Although participation by foreign investors in BCBA has historically been low, it has increased since 1991 as a consequence of the economic reform programs implemented by the Government and the liberalization of restrictions to the access by foreign investors to securities in the Argentine securities market. Currently, an important amount of floating capital and public bonds is held by foreign investors, but since 2002 a decrease in the flow of foreign capital has been evident due to the economic crisis and the BCRA regulations.
 
In 2002, trough Decree No. 216/02, the Mercado Unico y Libre de Cambios (“MULC”) was created and a series of other BCRA regulations that fixed limits to capitals flows were adopted. In 2005, the BCRA regulated the currency for the transactions in the regulated markets. Since 2005, all transactions can be concerted in Pesos or U.S. Dollars in local accounts and foreign accounts.
 
ITEM 10. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

Memorandum and Articles of Association

The following summarizes certain material provisions of our by-laws and Argentine law, the main bodies of regulation governing BBVA Banco Francés. This summary is qualified in its entirety by reference to the Business Companies Law, the Financial Institution Law and our by-laws. Copies of our by-laws have been filed as exhibits to our 2003 annual report on Form 20-F.
 
At our Ordinary and Extraordinary Stockholders’ Meeting held on April 28, 2005, our stockholders voted to amend section 11 of the By-laws in order to comply with Resolution No. 20/04 of the Office of Corporations - Public Registry of Commerce (Inspección General de Justicia), and its amendments. This amendment will require each of our Directors to (i) pledge an amount of at least Ps.10,000 as a guarantee of the Director’s performance and (ii) maintain a special domicile within the Argentine Republic. This amendment has been filed with the Public Registry of Commerce, which has been approved as of the filing of this annual report, on December 12, 2005, under Number 16,335, Book 30.
 
The Ordinary and Extraordinary Shareholders Meeting held on 27 March 2009 agreed and authorized to amend sections 10 and 13 of the corporate Bylaws that will make it possible for the Company to renovate its Board of Directors either partially or by stages through the appointment or re-election of its members, as well as to hold its meetings with the attendance of non-resident directors by video-teleconference. Such amendments are subject to regulatory filings and approvals in Argentina before they may become fully effective and have not yet been filed with the Office of Corporations - Public Registry of Commerce.
 
 
 
Registry and Company’s Objects

BBVA Banco Francés is registered with the Public Registry of Commerce of the Argentina (Registro Público de Comercio) under company number 1,065, Page 359, Book 5, Volume “A” of Local Corporate By-laws. Section 3 of our by-laws provides that the object of BBVA Banco Francés is to engage in the commercial banking business, including financial brokerage, whether in Argentina or abroad. To this end, BBVA Banco Francés is authorized to perform the following activities:
 
§ 
Accept term and demand deposits;
 
§ 
grant short-term bullet and other amortizable loans;
 
§ 
discount, purchase and sell bills of exchange, promissory notes, pledges, checks, drafts and other negotiable instruments;
 
§ 
grant guarantees, bonds or other forms of collateral; accept bills of exchange, drafts and other orders of payment, transfer funds and issue and accept letters of credit;
 
§ 
grant advances on credits from property sales, acquire the same and undertake the risks resulting therefrom, take steps to collect them and offer technical and administrative assistance;
 
§ 
invest in Government securities;
 
§ 
make temporary investments in liquid assets;
 
§ 
invest in new stock or securities issues, in pursuance of such regulations as may be set forth to that purpose;
 
§ 
accept securities in custody and provide other services related to the banking business;
 
§ 
manage, on account of third parties, the purchase and sale of securities, and act as paying agents in relation to dividends, redemption and interest; engage in brokerage activities in the over-the-counter securities market;
 
§ 
perform foreign exchange transactions;
 
§ 
comply with agencies related to its operations;
 
§ 
receive deposits of participation in mortgage loans and in special accounts;
 
§ 
issue mortgage obligations;
 
§ 
grant loans for the acquisition, construction, enlargement, repair, improvement and maintenance of urban or rural real estate, and for the substitution of mortgages taken out for that same purpose;
 
§ 
receive loans from abroad and act as intermediary in local or foreign currency-denominated loans;
 
§ 
issue private bonds, and
 
§ 
carry out such lending, borrowing and service-related operations as are not forbidden under the Financial Institutions Law.
 
Directors

Under Section 18 of our by-laws, the Board of Directors receives an annual fee established by the shareholders. This fee is subject to the restrictions of Section 261 of the Business Companies Law, which provides that the aggregate compensation of the directors may not exceed 25% of the income of the company, or 5% of the income if no dividends were distributed to the shareholders.
 
Under Section 272 of the Business Companies Law, a director may not vote in respect of any proposal in which he, or any person connected to him, has an interest contrary to the interests of BBVA Banco Francés.
 
 
 
 
Directors need not hold shares in BBVA Banco Francés or any of our subsidiaries to qualify and be appointed as directors of BBVA Banco Francés.
 
Rights Attaching to Shares

As of the date of the filing of this annual report, our capital is formed by a single class of shares, all of which are ordinary shares and have the same voting and economic rights. Shareholders participate in the distribution of dividends pro rata the paid-in capital. Furthermore, shareholders are entitled to participate in the distribution resulting from the liquidation of BBVA Banco Francés in proportion to the paid-in capital.
 
Shareholders are entitled to vote cumulatively one-third of the vacancies of the board of directors. The board may not be partially reelected if it impairs or prevents the exercise by shareholders of their cumulative voting rights.
 
Shareholders may no longer claim the payment of dividends from BBVA Banco Francés once three years have elapsed from the date on which the relevant dividend was made available to such shareholder.
 
Our by-laws do not contain any provisions related to sinking funds or potential liability of shareholders of BBVA Banco Francés to make additional contributions.
 
Communication “A” 4664, from May 11, 2007, provides that financial entities can distribute retained profits, with the corresponding authorization from the Central Bank, who must verify the following regarding such financial entity:
 
§ 
The Bank falls under the provisions of articles 34 “Regularization and restructuring” and 35 bis “Restructuring of the entity for the protection of credit and bank deposits” of the Financial Entities Law;
 
§ 
the Bank has received financial assistance from the Central Bank, other than assistance received for lack of liquidity in terms of Decree No. 739/03 and its regulatory provisions (Communication “A” 3941 and complementary ones), within the framework of article 17 of this Bank’s Charter, and in terms of the transactions foreseen by Communication A 4268;
 
§ 
the Bank incurs delays or noncompliance with respect to the information system set forth by the BCRA; or
 
§ 
the Bank shows deficiencies as to the payment of its minimum capital, either individually or on a consolidated basis (without computing for such purpose the effects of individual franchises granted by the Superintendence of Financial and Foreign Exchange Entities) or as regards its average minimum cash requirements in pesos or foreign currencies.
 
Shareholders Meetings

All general meetings appart from annual regular meetings all general meetings are called regular or special meetings. Regular and special shareholders’ meetings are to be convened by the Board of Directors of the Bank or by the Supervisory Committee in such instances as set forth by law, or whenever they may deem it necessary, or upon requisition of shareholders representing at least 5% of our stock capital, as provided by Section 236 of the Business Companies Law.
 
Shareholders’ meetings are called by publication for five days, at least 20 and not more than 45 days before the date of the meeting, in the Official Gazette and in one of the most widely circulated newspapers in Argentina. The notice must include the nature, the date, time and place of the meeting, the agenda, and any special requirements in our by-laws for the shareholders to attend.
 
In case of adjournment of a regular shareholders meeting, the meeting on second call may be held on the same date, at least one hour after the time set for the meeting on first call, in compliance with Section 237 of the Business Companies Law. In case of adjournment of a special shareholders’ meeting, the meeting on second call must be held within the following thirty days, and the publication must appear for three days at least eight days before the date set for that meeting.
 
In order to attend and vote at any shareholders’ meeting, shareholders must deposit with us their shares or a share certificate or a statement of account representing book-entry shares, as the case may be, issued by us, a securities depository or any other authorized institution, to be recorded in the record book of attendance, at least three business days before the date of the meeting.
 
Holders of registered or book-entry shares, the record of which we keep, are only required to notify us to register their names in the record book of attendance, at least three business days before the date of the meeting. We must provide such shareholders with certificates authorizing them to attend the meeting.
 
 
 
 
Shareholders may be present at meetings by power-of-attorney or proxy. In the latter case, the principal’s signature shall be certified by a court, notary public or bank. Directors, statutory auditors, managers or any other of our employees may not act as agents for these purposes.
 
A quorum must be present at any regular shareholders’ meetings on first call upon the attendance of shareholders representing the majority of voting stock. On second call, there is a quorum with the attendance of any number of shares present. A quorum is present at any special shareholders’ meeting on first call upon the attendance of shareholders representing 60% of the voting stock. Shareholders representing 30% of our voting stock shall constitute a quorum at a special shareholders’ meeting on second call. In any case, resolutions require the absolute majority of the voting stock present.
 
Restrictions on Voting and Shareholding
 
There are no restrictions imposed by Argentine law or our by-laws or other organizational documents regarding the rights of non-residents or foreign persons to hold or vote our ordinary shares or ADSs of the Bank.
 
Change of Control
 
There are no provisions in our articles of incorporation or by-laws that would have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change of control of BBVA Banco Francés and that would operate only with respect to a merger, acquisition, corporate restructuring involving BBVA Banco Francés or any of its subsidiaries.
 
Ownership Disclosure
 
There are no provisions in our by-laws governing the ownership threshold above which shareholder ownership must be disclosed.
 
Change in the Capital
 
Our by-laws do not establish conditions for the changes in the capital of BBVA Banco Francés more stringent than those conditions imposed by the Business Companies Law.
 
Material Agreements
 
No material agreements outside the ordinary course of business have been entered into during the last two years.
 
Exchange Controls
 
On January 7, 2002, Congress approved the Public Emergency Law that introduced dramatic changes to the country’s economic model and amended the currency board that pegged the peso at parity with the dollar which had been in effect since April 1, 1991 pursuant to the Convertibility Law. The new law empowers the Executive Branch to implement, among other things, additional monetary, financial and exchange measures to overcome the economic crisis in the medium term, including the power to establish a system to determine the exchange rate applicable to the peso. The Central Bank, among other restrictive measures, restricted the transfer of U.S. dollars abroad without its prior approval. In 2003 and 2004, the government substantially eased these restrictions. However, on June 26, 2003, the government set restrictions on capital flows into Argentina, which mainly consisted of a prohibition against the transfer abroad of any funds until 180 days after their entry into the country. Furthermore, on June 10, 2005 the government issued Decree No. 616/05 establishing further restrictions on capital flows into Argentina, with the following provisions:
 
(i) 
All incoming and outgoing funds from the Argentine Exchange market, and any debt operation with non-residents which could demand future payments in foreign currency to non-residents, are subject to registration with the Central Bank for informative purposes;
 
(ii) 
Any debt entered into between non-governmental persons or entities and non-residents must be agreed for a term of at least 365 days, except for the financing of import and export operations and the primary placements of public debt listed in an authorized stock exchange;
 
(iii) 
All incoming funds relating to foreign private debt, and all incoming funds of non-residents, excluding foreign direct investments and certain types of portfolio investments (purchases in the primary market of debt instruments and equity, listed in authorized stock exchanges, etc) regardless of the agreed payment procedure, must be agreed for at least 365 days, and 30% of incoming funds must be deposited with a bank in Argentina in a non-interest bearing account, known as “encaje” [legal reserve];
 
 
 
 
(iv) 
Decree No. 616/05 also states certain exceptions for the “encaje” such as settlements in foreign currency of resident loans granted by a local financial entity, certain capital contributions in local corporations, etc.;
 
Furthermore, Resolution No. 637/05 dated November 16, 2005 stated that all incoming funds to the local foreign exchange market for the subscription of primary placements of bonds, or certificates under the scope of financial trusts will be subject to Decree No. 616/05 provisions.
 
As a general rule, transfer of funds abroad required prior Central Bank approval. However, this general principle was eased by numerous exceptions introduced since December 2002. Currently, in order to purchase and/or transfer foreign currency abroad, the transaction should be specifically admitted among the list of “items” (authorizing the purchase and/or transfer of foreign currency) that is published by the Central Bank. Certain items are, however, still subject to restrictions.
 
Cross Border Transfers of Funds. Foreign Debts
 
Under the Central Bank’s exchange regulations, proceeds of new financing must be transferred into Argentina and converted into pesos in the local exchange market within 365 days as from the relevant disbursement.
 
Repayment of principal of, and interest on, foreign indebtedness, was initially subject to Central Bank’s prior authorization. Currently, due to the changes introduced by the Central Bank, local companies (with the exception of financial institutions), following certain requirements, may:
 
§ 
Pay abroad interest on foreign debt on its due date or up to 15 days in advance, without prior Central Bank authorization. Access to the local foreign exchange market in connection with the servicing of foreign indebtedness is available only if and after the date the original proceeds from the financing have been transferred into Argentina and the foreign currencies liquidated as explained before.
 
§ 
Repay principal of foreign debt at maturity (or 365 days in advance, to the extent that the amounts so prepaid were brought into the local market and exchanged for pesos, and repayment takes place at least 365 days therefrom) without prior Central Bank authorization. Communication “A” 4177 (as amended) also allows prepayment of principal with an anticipation of more than 365 days, but subject to the following conditions:
 
(1) 
If prepayment of principal is not made in the context of a debt restructuring process, then the amount prepaid should not exceed the present value of such amount, calculated according to the formula provided by the Central Bank, unless the prepayment is coupled with the transfer and exchange for pesos of a new loan with a present value equal to the prepaid amounts.

(2) 
If the prepayment is made within the context of a debt restructuring process, then the new terms and conditions of the debt after the restructuring, including the amount prepaid, shall not result in an increase of the present value of the whole debt (according to the formula of the Central Bank).

 
Regulations regarding Imports and Exports
 
The Central Bank established under Communication “A” 3473, as amended, an obligation to transfer from abroad to Argentina the foreign currency obtained from the collection of exports and to settle the foreign currency in the single free exchange market. This is a general obligation applicable to all export transactions, except certain specific cases such as oil exports. In addition, all collections by exporters must be collected between 60 and 360 calendar days from the date of the export, depending on the product being exported, for the exporter to negotiate the foreign currency in the domestic exchange market. Additionally, exporters have another 120 business days to bring in the foreign currency.
 
In respect to imports, advanced or at sight payments of any goods are allowed, upon condition that the clearance of the imported goods (nationalization) is credited within 360 and 90 days, respectively. Deferred import of goods may be paid at any moment.
 

 
 
Purchase of Foreign Currency
 
A. 
Local individuals and companies

Local individuals and companies are now authorized to buy up to certain amounts of foreign currency for purposes of (i) real estate investments outside of Argentina; (ii) loans granted to persons not domiciled in Argentina; (iii) direct investments outside of Argentina of persons domiciled in Argentina; (iv) portfolio investments outside of Argentina, among others.
 
To that extent, the limits currently in force are:
 
§ 
U.S.$2,000,000 per month; or
 
According to Communications A 4822 and A 4896, any legal persons may also, until June 30, 2009, accumulate funds abroad for specific purposes if they comply with certain conditions; such amounts remaining beyond the scope of Communication A 3722, and complementary ones.
 
B. 
Non-residents

Moreover, pursuant to Communication “A” 3661 (as amended), prior authorization from the Central Bank is required by non-residents for the purchase of foreign exchange for any amount above the equivalent of U.S.$5,000 per month.
 
Notwithstanding the above, Communications “A” 4662 and A 4692 (as amended) state that no authorization from the Central Bank will be required with regard to the repatriation of direct and portfolio investments of non-residents, in the following cases:
 
§ 
Transfers abroad arising out of:
 
(1) 
Residents foreign indebtedness of residents related to Argentine imports of goods and services;
(2) 
Domestic collections of:
Services, rents and other current transfers abroad of financial debts originated in non-residents foreign loans;
Inheritances according to the Declaration of a Decedent’s Heirs;
National Government Bonds and Guaranteed Loans Income issued in local currency;
Benefits or services or sale of values received, granted by the National Government as per Laws No. 24,043, 24,411 and 25.914.
Recoveries under local bankruptcy proceedings as long as the foreign creditor has been admitted as such by the Bankruptcy Court;
(3) 
Sales proceeds from direct investments in local non-financial companies; and
(4) 
The proceeds from final liquidation of direct investments in local non-financial companies;
(5) 
Capital reduction;
(6) 
Restitution of irrevocable contributions made by the local company.

§ 
Transfers abroad of an aggregate equivalent of up to U.S.$500,000 per month arising out of:
 
(1) 
Proceeds of sales of other portfolio investments and their revenues, such as investments in shares of local companies, investment funds and local trusts;
(2) 
Purchases of loans granted to residents by local banks;
(3) 
Acquisition of invoices and promissory notes for local commercial transactions, investment in local bonds denominated in pesos; and
(4) 
The acquisition of other local credits.

Also excepted from the approval of the Central Bank are the transactions effected by:
 
§ 
International bodies or entities that operate as official export credit agencies.
 
§ 
Diplomatic and consular representations as well as diplomatic staff accredited in the country for transfers made in exercise of their duties.
 
 
 

Legal representations in the country of Courts, Authorities or Offices, Special Missions, Commissions or Bilateral Bodies established by International Treaties or Agreements, to which the Argentine Republic is a party, for as long as the transfers are made in exercise of their duties.
 
Transfer of Corporate Bonds
 
According to Communication “A” 3859 (as amended), Argentine companies may freely transfer corporate profits and dividends corresponding to audited financial statements certified by external public accountants (i.e., no prior Central Bank approval is needed). Moreover, transfers abroad in order to pay reinsurance premiums will be subject only to the issuance of a statement by the Argentine Superintendency of Insurance (the regulatory authority on insurance matters) detailing the amount to be transferred.
 
Direct Investments
 
On March 4, 2005 the Argentine Central Bank issued Communication “A” 4305 that regulates the reporting system of direct investments and real estate investments carried out by non-residents in Argentina and by Argentine residents abroad, which had been implemented through Communication “A” 4237 dated November 10, 2004.
 
§ 
Direct investments in Argentina of non-Argentine residents
 
Non-Argentine residents are compelled to comply with the reporting regime if the value of their investments in Argentina reaches or surpasses the equivalent of U.S.$500,000 – measured in terms of the net worth of the company in which they participate or fiscal value of the real estate owned. If the investments do not reach such amount, the compliance with such regime is optional.
 
According to Communication “A” 4237, companies in which non-Argentine residents participate in and administrators of real estate pertaining to non-Argentine residents are those obliged to comply with the reporting regime.
 
§ 
Direct investments made abroad by Argentine residents
 
Argentine investors are compelled to comply with the reporting regime if the value of their investments abroad reaches or surpasses the equivalent of U.S.$1,000,000 – measured in terms of net worth of the company in which they participate or the fiscal value of the real estate they own.
 
If the value of those investments abroad does not exceed the equivalent of U.S.$5,000,000, the declaration could be carried out annually instead of semi-annually. If the investments do not reach the equivalent of U.S.$1,000,000, the compliance with such regime is optional.
 
Future and Forward Operations
 
Communication “A” 4049 dated November 11, 2003, as amended, and Communication “A” 4805 (and additional ones) dated 15 May 2008, eased restrictions on foreign currency transactions by revoking the requirement of prior approval by the Central Bank so as to effect certain Future and Forward operations and have access to the exchange market for their cancellation. These transactions include agreements on foreign currency hedging, interest rates and product prices, as well as foreign exchange REPO transactions.
 
Communication “A” 4086 (as amended), dated February 3, 2004 also relaxed restrictions on the access to the foreign exchange market, by allowing investment funds to carry out their operations under general regulations.
 
Taxation
 
The following is a summary of certain Argentine and United States federal tax consequences of the ownership and disposition of our ADSs or ordinary shares by a United States holder. This summary is not a complete analysis or listing of all possible tax considerations that may be relevant to a holder of our ADSs or ordinary shares. Holders of our ADSs or ordinary shares should consult their own tax advisers as to the United States, Argentine or other tax consequences of the ownership and disposition of ADSs or ordinary shares.
 
Argentine Taxes
 
General
 
The following is a summary of certain Argentine tax matters that may be relevant with respect to the ownership and disposition of ADSs or ordinary shares by U.S. holders. Such summary is based upon the tax laws of Argentina, and regulations thereunder, in
 
 
 
 
effect as of the date of this annual report and is subject to any subsequent change in Argentine laws and regulations which may come into effect after such date. Investors in ADSs or ordinary shares should consult their own tax advisers as to the United States, Argentine or other tax consequences of the ownership and disposition of ADSs or ordinary shares.
 
Taxation of Dividends
 
Pursuant to Law No. 25,063, as enacted into law on December 30, 1998, dividend payments on the ordinary shares (and ADSs), whether in the form of cash, stock, or other types of consideration, are subject to Argentine withholding taxes at the rate of 35% to the extent the aggregate amount distributed exceeds the sum, for the previous year, of: (i) our accumulated taxable earnings and (ii) certain tax-exempt income (such as dividend payments from other corporations).
 
In accordance with a resolution adopted by the Ordinary and Extraordinary Shareholders’ Meeting held on April 26, 2007, it was resolved that as of May 7, 2007 the Bank would proceed with the payment of cash dividends. Dividends were paid on May 7, 2007.
 
Such dividend distributions are subject to a 35% income tax withholding on the portion of the dividends exceeding profits determined on the basis of the application of the general regulations of the Income Tax Law. The Bank submitted consultations to the AFIP for a determination of whether such withholding applies to dividends paid by the Bank in 2006 and 2007. The AFIP determined that it could not issue a binding ruling in either case, and in each case the Bank appealed this determination.
 
In the file corresponding to the distribution made in 2006, the National Tax Direction, which is dependent on the Financial Undersecretariat of the Ministry of Economy, affirmed the AFIP’s determination that it could not issue a binding ruling.
 
As a consequence, on December 3, 2007 the Bank remitted to the AFIP the amounts it had previously withheld with respect to dividends paid to shareholders in Fiscal Years 2006 and 2007; the Bank being in charge of the corresponding payment of interest.
 
Dividends distributed on April 26, 2008 were not subject to income tax withholding.
 
Taxation of Capital Gains
 
To the extent the ADSs or ordinary shares are listed on a local or foreign stock exchange market, capital gains derived by non-resident individuals or foreign companies from the sale, exchange or other disposition of ADSs or ordinary shares are not currently subject to income tax.
 
In the event that capital gains should become subject to income tax in the future, such taxation would be the responsibility of the beneficial owners of ADSs and not the responsibility of “Euroclear” or “Cedel”, as the case may be.
 
Value Added Tax (“VAT”)
 
Neither the sale, exchange or other disposition of ADSs or ordinary shares nor the payment of dividends thereunder is subject to VAT.
 
Transfer Taxes
 
The sale or transfer of ADSs or ordinary shares is not subject to transfer tax.
 
Personal Property Tax
 
According to Law No. 23,966, as amended, and Decrees No. 127/96 and 812/96, all individuals and undivided estates are subject in Argentina to a personal property tax on all assets held at December 31 of each fiscal year (the “Personal Property Tax”). This tax applies to our ADSs and ordinary shares held by U.S. holders. In the case of individuals and undivided estates domiciled or located in Argentina, an exemption is available to taxpayers whose assets included in the tax base for purposes of the Personal Property Tax do not exceed Ps.305,000. Corporations and other legal entities domiciled or located in Argentina are not subject to the Personal Property Tax. Individuals and undivided estates domiciled or located in a foreign country are subject to the Personal Property Tax only with respect to assets located in Argentina.
 
Pursuant to Law No. 25,585, it is presumed — without the right to rebut such presumption — that shares of stock corporations, such as ADSs (held in book-entry form or evidenced by ADRs) and shares of common stock, and equity interests in entities governed by the Business Companies Law No. 19,550, as amended, whose holders are corporations or any other entities, companies, permanent establishments and trusts, domiciled, settled or located in a foreign country, belong indirectly to individuals or undivided estates domiciled in a foreign country.
 
 
 
 
Pursuant to Law No. 25,585, published in the Official Gazette on May 15, 2002, Banco Francés is responsible for paying the Personal Property Tax on our ADSs or ordinary shares held by individuals or undivided estates domiciled in Argentina or a foreign country, or corporations or any other entities located in a foreign country. The tax rate to be applied is 0.50% and the taxable base is the value of the shareholders’ equity arising from the last balance sheet of the company at December 31. The minimum exempted amount of Ps.305,000 is not applicable. The tax so paid is considered a definitive payment.
 
The companies responsible for the tax payment, such as BBVA Banco Francés, are entitled to obtain refunds of the amounts paid, and may retain or foreclose on the property included in the tax base for purposes of the Personal Property Tax that originated the payment.
 
In May 2008, BBVA Banco Francés paid Ps.3.767.502 on account of its shareholders in connection with Personal Property Tax due with respect to assets held as of December 31, 2007.
 
In May 2009, the Bank expects to pay on account of its shareholders in connection with Personal Property Tax due with respect to assets held as of December 31, 2008 the amount of Ps.3.677.356. The tax will be withheld from dividends paid in 2009.
 
Other Taxes
 
There are no Argentine inheritance, succession or gift taxes applicable to the ownership, transfer or disposition of ADSs or ordinary shares. There are no Argentine stamp, issue, registration or similar taxes or duties payable by holders of ADSs or ordinary shares. Such holdings are also not affected by the tax applied on bank-account debits and credits and other transactions.
 
Deposit and Withdrawal of Ordinary Shares in Exchange for ADSs
 
No Argentine tax is imposed on the deposit or withdrawal of ordinary shares in exchange for ADSs.
 
Income Tax Treaty
 
There is currently no income tax treaty or convention in effect between Argentina and the United States.
 
U.S. Tax Considerations

The following summary describes the material U.S. federal income tax consequences to U.S. Holders of owning and disposing of ordinary shares or ADSs, but it does not purport to be a comprehensive description of all of the tax considerations that may be relevant to a particular person’s decision to hold such securities. The discussion applies only to U.S. Holders (as described below) that hold ordinary shares or ADSs as capital assets for U.S. federal income tax purposes and it does not describe all of the tax consequences that may be relevant in light of the U.S. Holder’s particular circumstances, including alternative minimum tax consequences and tax consequences applicable to U.S. Holders subject to special rules, such as:
 
§ 
Certain financial institutions;
 
§ 
dealers and traders in securities who use a mark-to-market method of tax accounting;
 
§ 
persons holding ordinary shares or ADSs as part of a hedging transaction, straddle, wash sale, conversion transaction or integrated transaction or persons entering into a constructive sale with respect to the ordinary shares or ADSs;
 
§ 
persons whose functional currency for U.S. federal income tax purposes is not the U.S. dollar;
 
§ 
entities classified as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes;
 
§ 
tax-exempt entities, including an “individual retirement account” or “Roth IRA”;
 
§ 
persons holding ordinary shares or ADSs that own or are deemed to own ten percent or more of our voting stock; or
 
§ 
persons who acquired ordinary shares or our ADSs pursuant to the exercise of an employee stock option or otherwise as compensation.
 
If an entity that is classified as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes holds ordinary shares or ADSs, the U.S. federal income tax treatment of a partner will generally depend on the status of the partner and upon the activities of the partnership.
 
 
 
 
Partnerships holding ordinary shares or ADSs and partners in such partnerships should consult their tax advisers as to the particular U.S. federal income tax consequences of holding and disposing of the ordinary shares or ADSs.
 
This discussion is based on the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), administrative pronouncements, judicial decisions and final, temporary and proposed Treasury regulations, all as of the date hereof. These laws are subject to change, possibly on a retroactive basis, which may affect the tax consequences described herein. It is also based in part on representations by the Depositary and assumes that each obligation under the Deposit Agreement and any related agreement will be performed in accordance with its terms. Holders of the ADSs or ordinary shares are urged to consult their own tax advisers as to the United States, Argentine or other tax consequences of the ownership and disposition of ADSs or ordinary shares in their particular circumstances, including the effect of any U.S. state or local tax laws.
 
As used herein, a “U.S. Holder” is a beneficial owner of ordinary shares or ADSs that is, for U.S. federal tax purposes:
 
§ 
A citizen or individual resident of the United States;
 
§ 
A corporation, or other entity taxable as a corporation, created or organized in or under the laws of the United States or any political subdivision thereof; or
 
§ 
An estate or trust the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source.
 
In general, a U.S. Holder of ADSs will be treated as the holder of the underlying shares represented by those ADSs for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Accordingly, no gain or loss will be recognized if a U.S. Holder exchanges ADSs for the underlying shares represented by those ADSs.
 
The U.S. Treasury has expressed concerns that parties to whom American depositary shares are pre-released, or intermediaries in the chain of ownership between U.S. Holders and the issuer of the security underlying the American depositary shares, may be taking actions that are inconsistent with the claiming of foreign tax credits for U.S. Holders of American depositary shares. Such actions would also be inconsistent with the claiming of the reduced rate of tax, described below, applicable to dividends received by certain non-corporate holders. Accordingly, the analysis of the creditability of Argentine taxes, and the availability of the reduced tax rate for dividends received by certain non-corporate holders, each described below, could be affected by actions taken by such parties or intermediaries.
 
U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisers concerning the U.S. federal, state, local and foreign tax consequences of owning and disposing of ordinary shares or ADSs in their own particular circumstances.
 
This discussion assumes that the Company is not, and will not become, a passive foreign investment company, as described below.
 
Taxation of Distributions
 
Distributions paid on ADSs or ordinary shares will generally be treated as dividends to the extent paid out of current or accumulated earnings and profits (as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles). Because the Company does not maintain calculations of its earnings and profits under U.S. federal income tax principles, it is expected that distributions will be reported to U.S. Holders as dividends. Subject to applicable limitations and the discussion above regarding concerns expressed by the U.S. Treasury, dividends paid by qualified foreign corporations to certain non-corporate U.S. Holders in taxable years beginning before January 1, 2011, are taxable at a maximum rate of 15%. A foreign corporation is treated as a qualified foreign corporation with respect to dividends paid on stock that is readily tradable on a securities market in the United States, such as the New York Stock Exchange where our ADSs are traded. U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisers to determine whether the favorable rate will apply to dividends they receive and whether they are subject to any special rules that limit their ability to be taxed at this favorable rate. The amount of a dividend will include any amounts withheld in respect of Argentine taxes. The amount of the dividend will be treated as foreign-source dividend income to U.S. Holders and will not be eligible for the dividends-received deduction generally allowed to U.S. corporations under the Code. Dividends will be included in a U.S. Holder’s income on the date of such holder’s (or in the case of ADSs, the Depositary’s) receipt of the dividend. The amount of any dividend income paid in Argentine Pesos will be a U.S. dollar amount calculated by reference to the exchange rate in effect on the date of such receipt regardless of whether the payment is in fact converted into U.S. dollars. If the dividend is converted into U.S. dollars on the date of receipt, U.S. Holders should not be required to recognize foreign currency gain or loss in respect of the dividend income. U.S. Holders may have foreign currency gain or loss if they do not convert the amount of such dividend into U.S. dollars on the date of its receipt.
 
 
 
 
Subject to applicable limitations, some of which vary depending upon the U.S. Holder’s circumstances, and subject to the discussion above regarding concerns expressed by the U.S. Treasury, Argentine income taxes withheld from dividends on ordinary shares or ADSs generally will be creditable against a U.S. Holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability. Amounts paid on account of the Argentine Personal Property Tax, if any, will not be eligible for credit against the U.S. Holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability. U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisers to determine whether and to what extent amounts paid on account of the Argentine Personal Property Tax are deductible for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The rules governing foreign tax credits are complex and, therefore, U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisers regarding the availability of foreign tax credits in their particular circumstances. Instead of claiming a credit, a U.S. Holder may, at its election, deduct such otherwise creditable Argentine taxes in computing its taxable income, subject to generally applicable limitations under U.S. law.
 
Sale and Other Disposition of Ordinary Shares or ADSs
 
For U.S. federal income tax purposes, gain or loss a U.S. Holder realizes on the sale or other disposition of ordinary shares or ADSs will be capital gain or loss, and will be long-term capital gain or loss if the U.S. Holder held the ordinary shares or ADSs for more than one year. The amount of a U.S. Holder’s gain or loss will equal the difference between its tax basis in the ordinary shares or ADSs disposed of and the amount realized on the disposition, in each case as determined in U.S. dollars. Such gain or loss will generally be U.S.-source gain or loss for foreign tax credit purposes.
 
Passive Foreign Investment Company Rules
 
We believe that we were not a PFIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes for the taxable year 2008. However, because our PFIC status depends upon the composition of our income and assets and the market value of our assets (including, among others, less than 25 percent owned equity investments) from time to time, and because our analysis of our PFIC status is based upon certain proposed Treasury regulations that are not yet in effect but are generally proposed to become effective for taxable years after December 31, 1994, there can be no assurance that we will not be considered a PFIC for any taxable year. If we are treated as a PFIC for any taxable year, gain recognized by a U.S. Holder on a sale or other disposition of ADSs or ordinary shares would be allocated ratably over the U.S. Holder’s holding period for the ADSs or ordinary shares. The amounts allocated to the taxable year of the sale or other disposition and to any year before we became a PFIC would be taxed as ordinary income. The amount allocated to each other taxable year would be subject to tax at the highest rate in effect for individuals or corporations, as appropriate, and an interest charge would be imposed on the amount allocated to such taxable year. Further, any distribution in respect of ADSs or ordinary shares in excess of 125 percent of the average of the annual distributions on ADSs or ordinary shares received by the U.S. Holder during the preceding three years or the U.S. Holder’s holding period, whichever is shorter, would be subject to taxation as described above. Certain elections (including a mark-to-market election) may be available to U.S. Holders that may mitigate the adverse consequences resulting from PFIC status. U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisers to determine whether any of these elections would be available and, if so, what the consequences of the alternative treatments would be in their particular circumstances.
 
In addition, if we were to be treated as a PFIC in a taxable year in which we pay a dividend or the prior taxable year, the 15% dividend rate discussed above with respect to dividends paid to non-corporate holders would not apply.
 
Information Reporting and Backup Withholding
 
Payments of dividends and sales proceeds that are made within the United States or through certain U.S.-related financial intermediaries generally are subject to information reporting and may be subject to backup withholding unless (i) the U.S. Holder is a corporation or other exempt recipient or (ii) in the case of backup withholding, the U.S. Holder provides a correct taxpayer identification number and certifies that it is not subject to backup withholding.
 
The amount of any backup withholding from a payment to a U.S. Holder will be allowed as a credit against the U.S. Holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability and may entitle the U.S. Holder to a refund, provided that the required information is timely furnished to the Internal Revenue Service.
 
Documents on Display
 
This annual report and the exhibits thereto and any periodic reports or other information filed pursuant to the Exchange Act may be inspected without charge and copied at prescribed rates at the SEC’s public reference room located at 450 Fifth Street, NW, Washington, D.C. 25049. In addition, the SEC maintains a website that contains information filed electronically with the SEC, which can be accessed over the internet at www.sec.gov. The documents concerning BBVA Banco Francés which are referred to in this annual report may also be inspected at our office at Reconquista 199, C1003ABB Buenos Aires, Republic of Argentina.
 
ITEM 11. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Market Risk
 
 
 
 
Market risk is the uncertainty to which future earnings and financial position are exposed as a result of adverse changes in the financial markets in which we operate. This risk is a consequence of our lending, trading and investments businesses and mainly consists of interest rate risk, foreign exchange risk and equity prices risk.
 
The estimation of potential losses that could arise from reasonably likely adverse changes in market conditions is the key element of managing market risk. The main tool we use to make this estimation on our trading and investments activities is a value at risk methodology (“VaR”).
 
VaR is an estimate (made with a given confidence interval) of the maximum potential loss in the fair or market value of a certain instrument or portfolio likely to occur over a specified time period, or “time horizon,” if that portfolio were held unchanged for that time period. This methodology is based on statistical methods that take into account many variables that may cause a change in the value of BBVA Banco Francés’s portfolios, including interest rates, foreign exchange rates, securities prices, volatility of all this, and any correlation among the foregoing.
 
Additionally, the Bank has an independent area of market risk management called “Market Risk Management” that manages the control of all market activities that may be involved in the calculation of VaR. This area interacts in a daily basis with all the different areas of the Bank that are related with the trading activities of BBVA Banco Francés and with. The Permanent Executive Commission at BBVA Group headquarters in Spain.
 
We are also involved in a continuous process of improvement of our systems, in order to update them to the latest methodological advances in market risk measurement and control.
 
Our VaR estimations provide us with a consistent and uniform measure of market risk in our trading portfolios.
 
VaR uses historical movements in these variables to estimate reasonably likely potential losses in trading activities assuming normal market conditions and market liquidity. The historical observation involves building a distribution of hypothetical daily changes in trading portfolio value. These hypothetical changes are based on daily-observed percentage changes in key market indexes or other market factors to which the portfolio may be sensitive.
 
Our VaR analysis is updated daily by recalculating the historic volatility and correlation that serve as the basis for this analysis. In the case of our VaR analysis, the period for estimating risk factors is about one year and we assume a one-day holding period and adverse market movement of 2.3264 standard deviations as the standard for risk measurement and comparison. This range approximates a 99% one-tailed confidence interval. For a given portfolio, this implies that changes in market value are statistically likely to deviate adversely from VaR estimates approximately 1% of the time or one day out of 100 days. The volatility and correlation used in the calculation process are obtained by two techniques: (a) “exponential smooth”, or “EWMA” (Exponentially Weighted Moving Average) which confers a higher relative weight to the last historical data considered within the two-year series, and (b) Linear Standard Deviation (also two year series).
 
The area of Market Risk Management uses VaR as a corporate tool to estimate and limit market risks related to all of our trading activities. Global VaR limits for trading activities at our dealing room are set by the agreement between the Market Risk Area, the Trading Area and the Permanent Executive Commission at BBVA Group headquarters in Spain. Two types of limits are used to seek control of market risk arising from our trading activities: limits based on VaR amounts and stop-loss limits for the principal portfolios. Also there are loss triggers that derivate in certain specified actions according to the manuals. Limits on particular portfolios and products are established within each business.
 
The VaR model incorporates several variables that could impact the fair value of our trading portfolio, as well as the correlation between these variables.
 
We estimate VaR for each of our trading portfolios and all trading portfolios combined. The following table shows the VaR for BBVA Banco Francés combined trading activities for last year.
 

 


Daily Trading VaR at BBVA Banco Francés (in million pesos)

 
2008
 
2007
Average
0.89
 
1.89
Minimum
0.22
 
1.43
Maximum
2.41
 
2.86
Dec.31
0.32
 
1.66

Daily Trading VaR – Categories (in million pesos)

Interest Risk VaR
2008
 
2007
Average
0.78
 
1.89
Minimum
0.18
 
1.35
Maximum
2.39
 
5.60
Dec.31
0.28
 
1.65

Currency Risk VaR
2008
 
2007
Average
0.38
 
0.24
Minimum
0.03
 
0.02
Maximum
0.92
 
0.57
Dec.31
0.15
 
0.54

Interest rate risk is mainly explained by investments in short term floating rate notes and Central Bank’s bills. Our exposure to sovereign risk is minimum.
 
Our exposure to Foreign Exchange Risk is minimal and is primarily a result of Foreign Trade Business.
 
The graph above indicates the evolution of the risk exposure, measured with VaR, during the year 2008.
 

 

 

 
The graph above indicates interest rate risk and currency risk, measured with VaR, during the years 2007 and 2008.
 
 
 
 
 
Non-Trading Risk

None.
 
Interest Rate Risk
 
The discussion that follows relates to interest risk in 2008 and bears no relation to our current or future interest rate risk.
 
Interest rate sensitivity is the relationship between market interest rates and net portfolio value on the one hand and net interest income on the other, due to the repricing of assets and liabilities. Our interest rate sensitivity analysis measures the sensitivity of the net portfolio value and net interest income to parallel changes in interest rates and to changes in the yield curve.
 
For the purpose of calculating net present value, when the rate of interest is fixed, future cash flows of financial assets and liabilities are calculated on a contractual basis. When the interest rate is variable, cash flows are included that have a maturity during the repricing interval. Such amounts are added to the remaining balance of the asset or the liability at the end of the interval.
 
Net interest income is calculated as the difference between interest income earned on interest-earning assets and interest expense from interest-bearing liabilities for each month of the fiscal year immediately following the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008.
 
In general, the usefulness of this calculation is limited to its assumption of a permanent increase or decrease in interest rates and that all of such rates change at the same rate. Accordingly, actual results could differ materially from those projected.
 
For any given period, the pricing structure is matched when an equal amount of assets and liabilities reprice. Any mismatch of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities is known as a gap. A positive gap denotes asset sensitivity and normally means that an increase in interest rates would have a negative effect on net portfolio value and a positive effect on interest income, while a decline in interest rates would have a positive effect on net portfolio value and a negative effect on net interest income.
 
Changes in interest rates affect our profitability as a result of timing differences on the repricing of the assets and liabilities. One measure of the effect of a change in interest rates is to measure the change in net portfolio value (defined as the net present value of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities) and the effect on net interest income from a given change in interest rates. In the table below, interest rates are assumed to change immediately, while the consistency and levels of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, including the effects of derivative financial instruments, remain constant. The table measures the net portfolio value and net interest income under various interest rate scenarios and the percentage changes from amounts generated under a stable interest rate environment.
 
The following chart includes adjusted assets and liabilities in the 0-3 months interval assuming 12.25% annual adjustment. In order to measure the effect of a change in interest rates in net portfolio value and net interest income we are assuming the same change in interest rate as in the adjustment rate. However as this may not be the case we are including another column showing the impact of a variation in the adjustment rate with no variation in interest rate.
 

 

 
At December 31, 2008
 
Change in base interest rates
(basis points)
   
Net portfolio
value
   
Percentage
change
   
Net interest and
adjust income
   
Percentage
change
   
Net income of
adjustable
portfolio
   
Percentage
change
 
(in millions of pesos, except percentages)
 
  100       2,380.4       (3.23 )%     1,851.3       1.45 %     670.6       6.05 %
  50       2,419.9       (1.63 )%     1,838.1       0.73 %     651.5       3.03 %
  0       2,459.9       0.00 %     1,824.8       0.00 %     632.3       0.00 %
  (50 )     2,500.7       1.66 %     1,811.6       (0.73 )%     613.2       (3.03 )%
  (100 )     2,542.2       3.34 %     1,798.3       (1.45 )%     594.1       (6.05 )%

Based on our position at December 31, 2008, and assuming a hypothetical, immediate 50 basis points increase in interests rates affecting all interest rate sensitive assets and liabilities as of January 1, 2009, net portfolio value would be reduced by Ps. 40.0 million and net interest income over 2009 would be increased by approximately Ps. 13.3 million.
 
Accordingly, on considering a 50 b.p. increase in the adjustment rate Net interest income increases Ps. 19.2 million.
 
Foreign Exchange Risk
 

As of December 31, 2008, as part of our asset and liability management, we aimed to minimize the impact on results of foreign exchange rate fluctuations by maintaining excess balances of assets over liabilities denominated in dollars.
 
Peso against all other currencies
 
Effect on net income based on our position as of December 31, 2007
 
Effect on net income based on our position as of December 31, 2007
(in millions of pesos, except percentages)
5%
 
(23)
 
(11)
(5)%
 
23
 
11

For a description of the changes in the exchange rates since December 2007, see “Information on the Company—Recent Political and Economic Developments in Argentina”.
 
Equity and Commodity Price Risk

Equity and commodity risk are the risks associated with adverse movements in the value of equity securities and commodities or related indexes. We do not have any material exposure to either of them.
 
ITEM 12. DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES
 
Not applicable.
 
 

 
 
- PART II -
 
ITEM 13. DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES
 
None.
 
ITEM 14. MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS
 
None.
 
ITEM 15. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Conclusion Regarding the Effectiveness of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
 
As of December 31, 2008, the Bank, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, performed an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act). There are, as described below, inherent limitations to the effectiveness of any control system, including disclosure controls and procedures. Accordingly, even effective disclosure controls and procedures can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their control objectives.
 
Based on such evaluation, the Bank’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Bank’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective for gathering, analyzing and disclosing the information the Bank is required to disclose in the reports it files under the Exchange Act, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms.
 
Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
 
The management of the Bank is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rule 13a-15 (f) under the Exchange Act. The Bank’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and includes those policies and procedures that:
 
§ 
Pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Bank;
 
§ 
Provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that our receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of the Bank’s management and directors; and
 
§ 
Provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
 
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
 
Under the supervision and with the participation of the Bank’s management, including our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, and the Presidency Areas Director, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”). Based on this assessment, our management concluded that, as of December 31, 2008, our internal control over financial reporting was effective based on those criteria.
 
Our management’s assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008 has been audited by Deloitte & Co. S.R.L., an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report which follows below.
 
 
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
 
To the President and Board of Directors of
BBVA BANCO FRANCÉS S.A.
Reconquista 199
Buenos Aires, Argentina
 
We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of BBVA BANCO FRANCÉS S.A. and subsidiaries composing the BBVA BANCO FRANCES Group (the Bank Note 2.1. to the Consolidated Financial Statements) as of December 31, 2008, based on the criteria established in the Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. The Banks management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Managements Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Banks internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
 
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States of America). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
 
A companys internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the Companys principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, and effected by the Company's board of directors, management, and other personnel to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A companys internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company, and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the companys assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
 
Because of the inherent limitations of internal control over financial reporting, including the possibility of collusion or improper management override of controls, material misstatements due to error or fraud may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Also, projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness of the internal control over financial reporting to future periods are subject to the risk that the controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
 
In our opinion, the Bank maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, based on the criteria established in the Internal ControlIntegrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
 
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States of America), the consolidated financial statements as of and for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 of the Bank, and our report dated March 27, 2009, expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements and included an explanatory paragraph stating that the accounting rules established by the Argentine Central Bank (“BCRA”) vary in certain significant respects from accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and that the information relating to the nature and effect of such differences is presented in Note 20 to the consolidated financial statements of the Bank.
 
 
/s/ DELOITTE & Co. S.R.L.
Buenos Aires - Argentina
March 27, 2009
 
 
 
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
 
There has been no change in the Bank’s internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the period covered by this annual report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, internal control over financial reporting.
 
ITEM 16A. AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT

The Bank’s Board of Directors has appointed Mr. Oscar Miguel Castro to serve on its Audit Committees (I and II) and Disclosure Committees. The Bank’s Board of Directors has concluded that Mr. Castro is a financial expert based on his extensive audit experience, having been a partner of an international accounting firm until 2001. Mr. Castro qualifies as an independent director according to the independence criteria established by General Resolution No. 368 (New Text 2001), as amended by General Resolution No. 400 of the CNV.
 
ITEM 16B. CODE OF ETHICS
 
The standards of ethical conduct that BBVA Banco Francés expects from its employees are found within the “Code of Conduct of BBVA Banco Francés and its group of companies in Argentina”, or the Code of Conduct, approved by the Board of Directors on December 18, 2003.
 
The Code of Conduct is applicable to all our management and employees, including the Executive Chairman, the Financial Director and other senior financial officers of the Bank. All officers and employees are accountable for adhering to the Code of Conduct. Suspected violations of the Code of Conduct may be reported in accordance with procedures designed to address the reported situation and to protect the reporting employee. The failure to comply with criteria and rules of the Code of Conduct may result in disciplinary action in accordance with applicable Argentine employment laws.
 
The Code of Conduct is accessible via BBVA Banco Francés’ corporate website at:
 
http://www.bancofrances.com.ar/html/institucional/informacion_banco/codigo_etica/inst_info_codigoetica.htm
 
(the information found at this website is not incorporated by reference into this report).
 
A copy of our Code of Conduct is also available on request, free of charge, by writing or telephoning us at:
 
BBVA Banco Francés S.A.
Attention: Investor Relations Department
Reconquista 40
C1003ABB Buenos Aires
Republic of Argentina
Telephone number: (54 11) 4341 5036
e-mail address: daniel.sandigliano@bancofrances.com.ar

During fiscal year 2008, there have been no amendments to any provisions of the Code of Conduct that apply to our executive officers.
 
No waivers from any provisions of the Code of Conduct were expressly or implicitly granted to the Executive Chairman, the Financial Director and any other senior financial officer of the Bank in the fiscal year 2008.
 

 
 
ITEM 16C. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
 
Following is a summary of the fees to our independent external auditors for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007:
 
   
2008 actual fees
   
2007 actual fees
 
   
(in millions of pesos)
 
Audit fees
    5.11       3.25  
Audit-related fees
           
Tax fees
    0.26       0.20  
All other fees
           
Total fees
    5.37       3.45  

Audit fees are fees for professional services performed by Deloitte & Co. S.R.L. for the audit and limited review of the Bank’s annual and quarterly financial statements and services that are normally provided in connection with statutory and regulatory filings.
 
Audit-related fees consist of fees for assurance and related services performed by Deloitte & Co. S.R.L. that are reasonably related to the performance of the audit or review of the Bank’s financial statements and are not reported as Audit fees.
 
Tax fees consist of tax compliance, tax advice and tax planning services and assistance and advice related to tax audits and appeals.
 
The Audit Committee has approved policies and procedures for pre-approving all non-audit work performed by Deloitte & Co. S.R.L. after January 1, 2008. Specifically, the policies and procedures prohibit Deloitte & Co. S.R.L. from performing any services for the Bank or its subsidiaries without the prior approval of the Audit Committee. All of the services provided by Deloitte & Co. S.R.L. in 2007 were approved by the Audit Committee pursuant to these approval policies. The Audit Committee meets once a month. In each of these meetings, the Internal Audit Director presents the projects undertaken by the Internal Audit Department. The minutes of the meeting are then drawn up detailing the issues discussed as well as those items requiring further discussion. The minutes are transcribed into an internal control book which is sent to the board of directors for their information. See “Directors, senior management and employees-Audit Committee (I)”.
 
ITEM 16D. EXEMPTIONS FROM LISTING REQUIREMENTS FOR AUDIT COMMITTEES
 
Not applicable.
 
ITEM 16E. PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY ONE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PERSONS
 
None.
 
 

 
 
- PART III -
 
 
ITEM 17. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
We have responded to Item 18 in lieu of this item.
 
 
ITEM 18. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
Reference is made to Item 19 for a list of the financial statements filed as a part of this annual report.
 
 
ITEM 19. EXHIBITS
 
§ 
Index to Consolidated Financial Statements:
 
 
Page
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
F-2
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2008 and 2007
F-4
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
F-8
Consolidated Statements of Cash and Cash Equivalents Flows for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
F-10
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
F-13
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
F-14

§
Index to Exhibits:
 
Exhibit
Number
 
Description
1.1
 
Amended and Restated By-Laws (Estatutos) of BBVA Banco Francés S.A. (*)
     
1.2
 
English translation of the Amended and Restated By-Laws (Estatutos) of BBVA Banco Francés S.A. (*)
     
8.1
 
Subsidiaries of the Company
     
12.1
 
Section 302 Certification of Chief Executive Officer
     
12.2
 
Section 302 Certification of Chief Financial Officer
     
13.1
 
Section 906 Certification
     

(*)
Incorporated by reference to the BBVA Banco Francés Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2005 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 29, 2006.
 
 
We will furnish to the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, copies of any unfiled instruments that define the rights of holders of long-term debt of BBVA Banco Francés.
 
 
159

 
SIGNATURES
 
 
The registrant hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 20-F and that it has duly caused and authorized the undersigned to sign this annual report on its behalf.
 

 
BBVA BANCO FRANCÉS S.A.
 
       
 
By:
/s/ Martín Ezequiel Zarich
 
   
Name: Martín Ezequiel Zarich
 
   
Title:   Chief Financial Officer
 
Date: March 27, 2009
 
 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCÉS S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
 
Page
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
F-2
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2008 and 2007
F-4
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
F-8
Consolidated Statements of Cash and Cash Equivalents Flows for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
F-10
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
F-13
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
F-14
 
 
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED
 PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM


To the President and Board of Directors of
BBVA BANCO FRANCÉS S.A.
Reconquista 199
Buenos Aires, Argentina


We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of BBVA BANCO FRANCÉS S.A. and subsidiaries composing the BBVA BANCO FRANCÉS Group (the “Bank” – Note 2.1. to the Consolidated Financial Statements) as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in stockholders’ equity, and cash and cash equivalents flows for each of the three fiscal years in the period ended December 31, 2008 (all stated in thousands of Argentine Pesos). These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Bank’s management.  Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States of America). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statements presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to in paragraph 1 present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of BBVA BANCO FRANCÉS S.A. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 and the results of their operations, changes in stockholders’ equity, and cash and cash equivalents flows for each of the three fiscal years in the period ended December 31, 2008, in conformity with the accounting rules established by the Argentine Central Bank (“BCRA”) applicable to consolidated financial statements.

Accounting rules established by the BCRA vary in certain significant respects from accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). Information relating to the nature and effect of such differences is presented in Note 20 to the consolidated financial statements.






 
 
 
 
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States of America), the Bank’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, based on the criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated March 27, 2009 expressed an unqualified opinion on the Bank’s internal control over financial reporting.

/s/ DELOITTE & Co. S.R.L.
Buenos Aires – Argentina
March 27, 2009





 
 
 
 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCÉS S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
As of December 31, 2008 and 2007
Stated in thousands of Pesos

   
December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
ASSETS
           
CASH AND DUE FROM BANKS
    4,243,080       3,169,314  
Cash
    1,066,447       750,752  
Due from banks and correspondents
    3,176,633       2,418,562  
Argentine Central Bank
    3,127,010       2,102,642  
Other local
    3,220       7,312  
Foreign
    46,403       308,608  
GOVERNMENT AND PRIVATE SECURITIES (Note 6.a)
    5,233,660       5,181,253  
Holdings in investment accounts
    955,534       547,714  
Holdings for trading or financial transactions
    272,769       170,320  
Government Securities for repurchase agreements with the Argentine Central Bank
    334,688        
Holdings available for sale
    577,502       1,372,584  
Unlisted Government Securities
    1,004,833       903,903  
Instruments issued by the Argentine Central Bank
    2,676,687       2,005,791  
Investments in listed private securities
    164,394       241,943  
Less: Allowances
    752,747       61,002  
LOANS
    12,507,489       11,390,121  
To governmental sector
    2,400,511       2,367,869  
To financial sector
    598,755       541,911  
Inter-financial – (Calls granted)
    22,550       56,430  
Other financing to local financial institutions
    529,779       449,709  
Interest and listed-price differences accrued and pending of collection
    46,426       35,772  
To non-financial private sector and residents abroad:
    9,704,814       8,679,162  
Overdraft
    1,413,522       1,326,472  
Discounted instruments
    1,241,508       1,430,787  
Real estate mortgage
    946,804       772,036  
Collateral loans
    511,374       253,130  
Consumer
    1,855,767       1,337,179  
Credit cards
    1,239,588       802,647  
Other (Note 6.b)
    2,373,476       2,666,843  
Interest and listed-price differences accrued and pending of collection
    147,079       103,824  
Less: Interest documented together with main obligation
    24,304       13,756  
Less: Difference arising from purchase of portfolio
    102       93  
Less: Allowances
    196,489       198,728  
Carried forward
    21,984,229       19,740,688  
                 
 
The accompanying Notes 1 to 20 are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCÉS S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS—(Continued)
As of December 31, 2008 and 2007
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
   
December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
Brought forward
    21,984,229       19,740,688  
OTHER RECEIVABLES FROM FINANCIAL TRANSACTIONS
    2,442,925       956,184  
Argentine Central Bank
    876,987       463,621  
Amounts receivable for spot and forward sales to be settled
    1,283,910       206,216  
Instruments to be received for spot and forward purchases to be settled
    7,221       110,155  
Premiums for options bought
    2,513        
Unlisted corporate bonds
    104,476       81,976  
Non-deliverable forward transactions balances to be settled
    27,230       6,292  
Other receivables not covered by debtor classification regulations
    34,432       24,170  
Other receivables covered by debtor classification regulations
    72,209       43,816  
Interest accrued and pending of collection not covered by debtor classification regulations
    36,958       21,834  
Interest accrued and pending of collection covered by debtor classification regulations
    2       5  
Less: Allowances
    3,013       1,901  
ASSETS SUBJECT TO FINANCIAL LEASING
    379,120       323,522  
Assets subject to financial leasing
    383,652       327,969  
Less: Allowances
    4,532       4,447  
INVESTMENTS IN OTHER COMPANIES
    96,640       77,986  
In Financial institutions
    38,699       31,559  
Others (Note 6.c)
    57,944       46,430  
Less: Allowances
    3       3  
OTHER RECEIVABLES
    392,099       357,963  
Receivables from sale of property assets
          52  
Tax on minimum presumed income – Tax credit
    188,324       150,506  
Others (Note 6.d)
    432,188       285,008  
Other accrued interest receivable
          1  
Less: Allowances
    228,413       77,604  
PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT
    441,666       399,615  
OTHER ASSETS
    27,786       38,950  
INTANGIBLE ASSETS
    55,332       116,380  
Goodwill
          12,200  
Organization and development expenses
    55,332       104,180  
SUSPENSE ITEMS
    4,230       11,261  
OTHER SUBSIDIARIES’ ASSETS (Note 6.e)
    1,438       450  
TOTAL ASSETS
    25,825,465       22,022,999  
                 
 
The accompanying Notes 1 to 20 are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCÉS S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS—(Continued)
As of December 31, 2008 and 2007
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
   
December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
LIABILITIES
           
DEPOSITS
    17,079,203       15,009,758  
Governmental sector
    1,685,730       53,899  
Financial sector
    198,179       195,890  
Non-financial private sector and residents abroad:
    15,195,294       14,759,969  
Checking accounts
    3,293,842       2,771,710  
Savings deposits
    4,664,223       4,237,696  
Time deposits
    6,810,809       7,219,407  
Investments accounts
    9,740       13,152  
Other
    338,758       435,566  
Interest and listed—price differences accrued payable
    77,922       82,438  
OTHER LIABILITIES FROM FINANCIAL TRANSACTIONS
    3,135,153       1,750,021  
Argentine Central Bank — Other
    2,982       1,833  
Banks and International Institutions
    331,311       555,842  
Amounts payable for spot and forward purchases to be settled
    13       104,223  
Instruments to be delivered for spot and forward sales to be settled
    1,604,467       206,466  
Premiums for options written
    1,927        
Financing received from Argentine financial institutions
    55,713       72,672  
Inter-financial - (Calls received)
    550       10,019  
Other financing from local financial institutions
    55,163       62,646  
Interest accrued payable
          7  
Non-deliverable forward transactions balances to be settled
    67,056       1,002  
Other (Note 6.f)
    1,060,504       797,227  
Interest and listed—Price differences accrued payable
    11,180       10,756  
OTHER LIABILITIES
    429,085       374,999  
Fees payable
    65       118  
Other (Note 6.g)
    429,020       374,881  
ALLOWANCES
    379,243       441,964  
SUSPENSE ITEMS
    68,507       6,671  
OTHER SUBSIDIARIES’ LIABILITIES (Note 6.h)
    2,410,111       2,146,731  
TOTAL LIABILITIES
    23,501,302       19,730,144  
MINORITY INTEREST IN SUBSIDIARIES
    248,139       236,018  
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
    2,076,024       2,056,837  
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
    25,825,465       22,022,999  
 
The accompanying Notes 1 to 20 are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCÉS S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS—(Continued)
As of December 31, 2008 and 2007
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
   
December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
MEMORANDUM ACCOUNTS
           
DEBIT ACCOUNTS
           
Contingent
    4,859,751       4,192,205  
Credit lines obtained (unused balances)
    52,729       199,679  
Guaranties received
    4,109,820       3,437,694  
Contra contingent debit accounts
    697,202       554,832  
Control
    26,695,971       34,581,439  
Receivables classified as non-recoverable
    267,935       280,820  
Other (Note 6.i)
    25,950,390       32,078,895  
Contra control debit accounts
    477,646       2,221,724  
Derivatives
    3,117,794       2,795,659  
“Notional” amount of put options bought
    5,850        
“Notional” amount of non-deliverable forward transactions
    1,446,615       1,164,392  
Interest rate SWAP
    155,650       292,000  
Other
    50,000       50,000  
Contra debit derivatives accounts
    1,459,679       1,289,267  
For trustee activities
    17,575       18,502  
Funds in trust
    17,575       18,502  
TOTAL
    34,691,091       41,587,805  
CREDIT ACCOUNTS
               
Contingent
    4,859,751       4,192,205  
Credit lines granted (unused portion) covered by debtor classification regulations
    74,294       26,185  
Guaranties provided to the Argentine Central Bank
    51,698       61,729  
Other guaranties given covered by debtor classification regulations
    175,508       135,525  
Other guarantees given non-covered by debtor classification regulations
    141,835       134,871  
Other covered by debtor classification regulations
    253,867       196,522  
Contra contingent credit accounts
    4,162,549       3,637,373  
Control
    26,695,971       34,581,439  
Items to be credited
    425,136       388,952  
Other
    52,510       1,832,772  
Contra control credit accounts
    26,218,325       32,359,715  
Derivatives
    3,117,794       2,795,659  
“Notional” amount of put options written
    5,265        
“Notional” amount of non-deliverable forward transactions
    1,454,414       1,289,267  
Contra debit derivatives accounts
    1,658,115       1,506,392  
For trustee activities
    17,575       18,502  
Contra credit accounts for trustee activities
    17,575       18,502  
TOTAL
    34,691,091       41,587,805  
                 
 
The accompanying Notes 1 to 20 are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCÉS S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
   
Fiscal year ended December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
FINANCIAL INCOME
    2,279,104       1,904,212       1,936,404  
Interest cash and due from banks
    11,745       20,202       17,353  
Interest on loans to the financial sector
    187,728       146,833       91,875  
Interest on overdraft
    264,989       164,659       102,072  
Interest on discounted instruments
    176,250       101,775       55,699  
Interest on real estate mortgage
    107,322       64,264       44,894  
Interest on collateral loans
    55,231       15,089       7,366  
Interest on credit card loans
    107,461       55,026       30,485  
Interest on other loans
    495,666       301,738       190,495  
Interest on other receivables from financial transactions
    20,175       23,757       35,314  
Income from secured loans—Decree No. 1387/01
    214,690       236,964       297,468  
Net income from governmental and private securities
          319,666       559,877  
Indexation by Benchmark Stabilization Coefficient (CER)
    199,209       210,342       354,566  
Gold and foreign currency exchange difference
    206,869       117,403       78,666  
Other
    231,769       126,494       70,274  
FINANCIAL EXPENSES
    1,201,681       680,131       568,345  
Interest on checking accounts
    28,083       23,180       29,913  
Interest on savings deposits
    8,713       6,598       4,811  
Interest on time deposit
    720,759       491,577       307,084  
Interest on inter-financial financing - (Calls received)
    733       1,983       1,981  
Interest on other financing from financial institutions
    10,824       3,394       9,100  
Interest on other liabilities from financial transactions
    28,486       26,627       28,883  
Other interest
    6,832       8,478       18,960  
Net expense from governmental and private securities
    288,141              
Net expense from options
    100              
Indexation by CER
    7,212       49,230       121,321  
Contribution to the deposit guarantee fund
    26,702       23,714       20,098  
Other
    75,096       45,350       26,194  
GROSS INTERMEDIATION MARGIN—GAIN
    1,077,423       1,224,081       1,368,059  
ALLOWANCES FOR DOUBTFUL LOANS
    36,708       62,262       70,125  
SERVICE CHARGE INCOME
    1,190,417       1,182,789       915,875  
Related to lending transactions
    272,266       163,281       106,893  
Related to liability transactions
    413,474       318,038       246,506  
Other commissions
    283,494       530,772       430,102  
Other
    221,183       170,698       132,374  
Carried forward
    2,231,132       2,344,608       2,213,809  
                         
 
The accompanying Notes 1 to 20 are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCÉS S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
   
Fiscal year ended December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
Brought forward
    2,231,132       2,344,608       2,213,809  
SERVICE CHARGE EXPENSES
    240,631       158,927       110,199  
Commissions
    176,463       114,371       76,538  
Other (Note 6.j)
    64,168       44,556       33,661  
OPERATING EXPENSES
    1,413,448       1,124,161       927,404  
Payroll expenses
    837,175       653,644       523,904  
Fees to Bank Directors and Statutory Auditors
    570       463       446  
Other professional fees
    36,369       29,107       28,178  
Advertising and publicity
    72,764       67,212       46,050  
Taxes
    63,235       52,119       46,937  
Fixed assets depreciation
    42,468       37,203       31,781  
Organizational expenses amortization
    32,706       21,961       22,967  
Other operating expenses
    189,733       149,660       128,992  
Other
    138,428       112,792       98,149  
NET GAIN FROM FINANCIAL TRANSACTIONS
    577,053       1,061,520       1,176,206  
NET GAIN / (LOSS) ON MINORITY INTEREST IN SUBSIDIARIES
    2,801       (19,541 )     (39,016 )
OTHER INCOME
    773,451       828,284       314,440  
Income from long-term investments
    65,121       9,363       19,941  
Punitive interests
    2,444       961       537  
Loans recovered and reversals of allowances
    187,767       434,295       86,543  
Other (Note 6.k)
    518,119       383,665       207,419  
OTHER EXPENSES
    1,000,525       1,584,820       1,199,913  
Punitive interests and charges paid to Argentine Central Bank
    40       34       475  
Charge for uncollectibility of other receivables and other allowances
    199,603       157,626       312,485  
Amortization of difference arising from judicial resolutions
    107,793       323,139       262,312  
Depreciation and losses from miscellaneous assets
    579       4,035       9,356  
Goodwill amortization
    12,200       6,629       6,629  
Other (Note 6.l)
    680,310       1,093,357       608,656  
NET GAIN BEFORE INCOME TAX AND TAX ON MINIMUM PRESUMED INCOME
    352,780       285,443       251,717  
INCOME TAX AND TAX ON MINIMUM PRESUME INCOME
    31,270       50,394       71,680  
NET INCOME FOR THE FISCAL YEAR
    321,510       235,049       180,037  
NET INCOME PER ORDINARY SHARE (1)
    0.68       0.50       0.38  


(1)  
See Note 19.14.

The accompanying Notes 1 to 20 are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCÉS S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS FLOWS
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
   
Fiscal year ended December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006 (1)
 
CHANGES IN CASH AND ITS EQUIVALENTS
                 
Cash and its equivalents at the beginning of fiscal year
    3,465,634 (1)     2,928,807 (1)     2,298,743  
Cash and its equivalents at the end of the fiscal year
    4,661,349 (1)     3,465,634 (1)     2,928,807 (1)
Net increase in cash and its equivalents
    1,195,715       536,827       630,064  
                         
REASONS FOR CHANGES IN CASH AND ITS EQUIVALENTS
                       
                         
Operating activities
                       
Net collections/ (payments) from:
                       
- Governmental and private securities
    50,042       (623,058 )     (668,858 )
- Loans
    1,097,487       (332,979 )     362,278  
to financial sector
    (26,690 )     (25,573 )     (239,739 )
to non-financial public sector
    100,151       367,802       1,092,879  
to non-financial private sector and residents abroad
    1,024,026       (675,208 )     (490,862 )
- Other receivables from financial transactions
    (77,590 )     (63,401 )     28,869  
- Assets subject to financial leasing
    (55,598 )     (88,334 )     (105,023 )
- Deposits
    896,683       1,854,830       1,307,662  
to financial sector
    2,220       39,186       128,094  
to non-financial public sector
    1,623,718       (19,579 )     (29,664 )
to non-financial private sector and residents abroad
    (729,255 )     1,835,223       1,209,232  
- Other liabilities from financial transactions
    245,531       221,229       218,337  
Financing from financial or inter-financial sector (calls received)
    (9,469 )     (138,881 )     152,710  
Others (except liabilities included in Financing Activities)
    255,000       360,110       65,627  
Collections related to service charge income
    1,186,610       1,182,608       913,907  
Payments related to service charge expense
    (240,631 )     (158,927 )     (110,199 )
Administrative expenses paid
    (1,332,728 )     (1,020,873 )     (823,918 )
Organizational and development expenses paid
    (8,094 )     (3,848 )     (3,577 )
Net collections from punitive interest
    1,974       822       62  
Differences from judicial resolutions paid
    (50,304 )     (37,124 )     (40,024 )
Collections of dividends from other companies
    49,499       6,321       107  
Other payments related to other income and expenses
    (103,522 )     (656,249 )     (314,644 )
Net cash flows provided by operating activities
    1,659,359       281,017       764,979  
                         
Investment activities
                       
Net payments from premises and equipment
    (84,519 )     (38,922 )     (53,880 )
Net collections / (payments) from other assets
    9,547       (7,805 )     18,679  
Other payments from investment activities
    (207,810 )     (146,501 )     (26,829 )
Net cash flows used in investment activities
    (282,782 )     (193,228 )     (62,030 )
 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCÉS S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS FLOWS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
   
Fiscal year ended December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006 (1)
 
Financing activities
                 
Net collections/ (payments) from:
                 
- Non-subordinated corporate bonds
          (248,638 )     (37,848 )
- Argentine Central Bank
    1,133       67       (53,413 )
Others
    1,133       67       (53,413 )
- Banks and international agencies
    (224,531 )     376,899       (45,368 )
- Financing received from local financial institutions
    (7,483 )     (24,322 )     8,231  
Dividends paid in cash
    (164,000 )     (90,000 )     (27,000 )
Other collections from financing activities
    202,274       414,830       65,160  
Net cash flows (used in) / provided by financing activities
    (192,607 )     428,836       (90,238 )
                         
Financial results and results from holdings of cash and its equivalents (including interest)
    11,745       20,202       17,353  
                         
Net increase in cash and its equivalents
    1,195,715       536,827       630,064  
 

(1) See Note 3.4.21. to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
 
The accompanying Notes 1 to 20 are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCÉS S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS FLOWS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
 
SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION OF NON-CASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES
 
At December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 the Bank entered into forward, unsettled spot and repurchase contracts to buy or sell foreign currencies, listed Government and other securities at future dates, exchanging non-cash assets or liabilities for other non-cash assets or liabilities (see Note 19.7).
 
At June 28, 2006 the Bank swapped corporate bonds corresponding to Provincial Development Trust Fund into Secured Bond due in 2020. The face value of the corporate bonds swapped amounted to 551,230,672.
 
SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION OF CERTAIN CASH MOVEMENTS
 
At December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, taxes paid amounted to 220,440, 251,944 and 162,012, respectively. At such dates, interest-paid amounted to 1,131,510, 644,989 and 554,698, respectively.
 
 
The accompanying Notes 1 to 20 are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCÉS S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
         
Non-capitalized contributions
         
Retained earnings
                   
Movements
 
Capital Stock(1)
   
Issuance
premiums(1)
   
Adjustments to
stockholders’
equity(1)
   
Legal
   
Unrealized
valuation
difference
   
Unappropriated
earnings
   
Total
 
                                           
Balances at December 31, 2005
    471,361       175,132       312,979       428,698       230,282       183,095       1,801,547  
Decisions of Stockholders’ Meeting of April 27, 2006:
                                                       
- Dividends paid in cash
                                  (27,000 )     (27,000 )
- Statutory Reserve
                      36,619             (36,619 )      
Reversal of “Unrealized valuation difference” due to foreign currency compensation
                            (230,282 )     230,282        
Net income for the fiscal year
                                  180,037       180,037  
Balances at December 31, 2006
    471,361       175,132       312,979       465,317             529,795       1,954,584  
Decisions of Stockholders’ Meeting of April 26, 2007:
                                                       
- Dividends paid in cash
                                  (90,000 )     (90,000 )
- Statutory Reserve
                      82,064             (82,064 )      
Unrealized valuation difference (2)
                            (42,796 )           (42,796 )
Net income for the fiscal year
                                  235,049       235,049  
Balances at December 31, 2007
    471,361       175,132       312,979       547,381       (42,796 )     592,780       2,056,837  
Decisions of Stockholders’ Meeting of March 28, 2008:
                                                       
- Dividends paid in cash
                                  (164,000 )     (164,000 )
- Statutory Reserve
                      47,010             (47,010 )      
Unrealized valuation difference (2)
                            (138,323 )           (138,323 )
Net income for the fiscal year
                                  321,510       321,510  
Balances at December 31, 2008
    471,361       175,132       312,979       594,391       (181,119 )     703,280       2,076,024  
 

(1)  
See Note 1.2.
(2)  
Unrealized loss for Available for Sale investments (see Note 3.4.2.).

 
The accompanying Notes 1 to 20 are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
 
NOTE 1—CORPORATE SITUATION AND BANK’S ACTIVITIES
 
1.1.  
Corporate situation
 
BBVA Banco Francés S.A. (“BBVA Banco Francés”) has its main place of business in Buenos Aires, Argentina, and operates a 237-branch network.
 
As from December, 1996, BBVA Banco Francés is part of Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria S.A. (“BBVA”) global strategy, which controls the bank, direct and indirectly, with 75.97% of the corporate stock as of December 31, 2008.
 
Part of BBVA Banco Francés’s corporate stock is publicly traded and has been registered with the Buenos Aires Stock Exchange, New York Stock Exchange and Madrid Stock Exchange.
 
1.2.  
Stockholders’ Equity
 
1.2.1.  
Capital stock
 
Changes in the Bank’s capital stock during the last 5 fiscal years are as follows:
 
               
Date of
             
Stockholders’ Meeting deciding on the issuance
 
Registration with the Public Registry of Commerce
 
Form of
placement
 
Amount
(in thousands)
 
Total
 
                   
Capital Stock as of December 31, 2002:
         
368,128
 
               
 
 
04-22-2004
 
01-25-2005
 
(1)
 
103,233
 
471,361
(2)

(1)  
Through public subscription of shares.
(2)  
The amount of Capital Stock is fully paid in and authorized for public offering by National Securities Commission (“CNV” for its Spanish acronym).

1.2.2.  
Authorized and issued shares
 
The capital stock of the Bank consists of 471,361,306 Ordinary Shares, par value 1.00 each, all of which are issued and available to stockholders. At July 1, 1992 there were 58,099,410 Ordinary Shares, par value 1.00 each. Following a stock distribution and a share subscription in September 1993, the total number of authorized and issued Ordinary Shares, par value 1.00 each, increased by 34,859,700 Ordinary Shares and by 18,539,914 Ordinary Shares, respectively. Furthermore, following stock distributions in September 1995 and October 1996, the total number of authorized and issued Ordinary Shares, par value 1.00 each, increased by 16,724,854 and 19,233,582 Ordinary Shares, respectively. At March 1998, the total number of authorized and issued Ordinary Shares, par value 1.00 each, increased by 25,000,000 and 14,174,432, respectively, as a result of the issuance of common stock originated by share subscription and by the exchange share rate by merger with Banco de Crédito Argentino (BCA), for a total of 186,631,892 Ordinary Shares, par value 1.00 each. In April 1999, the total number of authorized and issued Ordinary Shares, par value 1.00 each, increased by 23,000,000 as a result of the issuance of common stock by a share subscription. In August 2002, the total number of authorized and issued Ordinary Shares, par value 1.00 each, increased by 158,496,540 as a result of the issuance of common stock by a share subscription. Finally, the total number of authorized and issued ordinary shares, par value 1.00 each, increased by 103,232,874 as a result of the issuance of common stock above mentioned.
 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
 
1.2.3.  
Adjustments to stockholders’ equity
 
The “Adjustments to stockholders’ equity” caption in the Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity represents:
 
a)  
The balance of the surplus of the technical valuation on the Bank’s properties made in year 1,981, which is available to absorb losses on the disposal or devaluation of such properties restated by inflation as mentioned in Note 3.2.
 
b)  
The inflation adjustment related to capital stock at the beginning of each year, restated as mentioned in Note 3.2.; capital stock maintains its nominal (par) value at each balance sheet date.
 
c)  
The inflation adjustment related to the increase in capital stock restated as mentioned in Note 3.2. This adjustment represents the effect of inflation from the date on which the capital stock was increased to the end of each fiscal year.
 
The composition of “Adjustments to stockholders’ equity” is as follows:
 
   
December 31,
2008 and 2007
 
Adjustment to equity fund appraisal revaluation
    41,285  
Adjustments to capital stock (including Issuance Premiums)
    728,619  
Cumulative losses absorption
    (456,925 )
Total
    312,979  
 
1.2.4.  
Issuance Premiums
 
In August 2002, due to the issuance of 158,496,540 shares subscription in (value 1 per share), at 3.59 each, the Bank received 590,996 over the nominal value of the shares that had been recorded under the “Issuance Premiums” account. Finally, due to the issuance of 103,232,874 shares subscription in April 2004 (value 1 per share) at 3.53 each, the Bank received 261,179 over the nominal value of the shares that had been recorded under the “Issuance Premiums” account.
 
1.3.  
Responsibility of stockholders
 
BBVA Banco Francés is a corporation established under the laws of the Argentine Republic, and the responsibility of its stockholders is limited to the value of the paid - in shares, in accordance with Law No. 19,550. As a result, in compliance with Law No. 25,738, it is hereby informed that neither the foreign capital majority stockholders nor the local or foreign stockholders will respond, in excess of the mentioned paid-in stockholding, for the liabilities arising out of the transactions performed by the financial institution.
 
1.4.  
Sale of Credilogros Cía. Financiera S.A.

On March 9, 2005, BBVA Banco Francés, Inversora Otar S.A. and BBVA sold their aggregate shareholdings in Credilogros Cía. Financiera S.A. to Banco de Servicios y Transacciones S.A. and Grupo de Servicios y Transacciones S.A. The amount of the transaction was US$16,900,000, based on the financial statements as of December 31, 2004 (upon entering into the sale agreement, an advance payment was made for 20% of the price) plus the accrued results during the period between that day and the closing date of the operation.
 
As of June 28, 2006 Argentine Central Bank (BCRA) approved this operation by Resolution No. 146. This transaction was performed on July 11, 2006 and the shares of Credilogros Cía. Financiera S.A. were transferred, originating an income of 12,979.
 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
 
NOTE 2—EQUITY INVESTMENTS
 
2.1.  
In controlled majority-owned subsidiaries
 
The following summarizes the investment in, and related information of, controlled majority-owned subsidiaries which are consolidated.
 
   
Shares
     
Percentage participation
 
 
Principal Activity
Type
   
Quantity
     
Capital
     
Votes
 
         
December 31,
     
December 31,
     
December 31,
 
Companies
       
2008
     
2007
     
2008
     
2007
     
2008
     
2007
 
Francés Valores Sociedad de Bolsa S.A
Stockbroker
Common
    12,137       12,137       94.9687       94.9687       94.9687       94.9687  
Atuel Fideicomisos S.A.
Trust manager
Common
    13,099,869       13,099,869       99.9999       99.9999       99.9999       99.9999  
Consolidar A.F.J.P. S.A.
Pensions fund manager
Common
    75,842,839       75,842,839       53.8892       53.8892       53.8892       53.8892  
Consolidar Cía. de Seguros de Vida S.A.
Insurance company
Common
    7,383,921       7,383,921       65.9600       65.9600       65.9600       65.9600  
Consolidar Cía. de Seguros de Retiro S.A.
Insurance company
Common
    25,033,832       25,033,832       66.6666       66.6666       66.6666       66.6666  
PSA Finance Argentina Cía. Financiera S.A.
Financial institution
Common
    26,089       9,000       50.0000       50.0000       50.0000       50.0000  
 
2.2.  
Non-controlling equity investments
 
The following are all positions that the Bank holds in financial and non-financial institutions wherever such a position represented an ownership in excess of 2% of the invested companies’ capital stock as of December 31, 2008.
 
Investment
Country
 
% of Shares
Owned
 
Principal Activity
 
Investment in Other Subsidiaries
(in thousands of pesos)
 
Rombo Compañía Financiera S.A.
Argentina
    40.00 %
Financial institution
    37,829.8  
Consolidar ART S.A.
Argentina
    12.50 %
Workers compensation
    21,748.0  
BBVA Consolidar Seguros S.A.
Argentina
    12.22 %
Insurance
    9,977.9  
Coelsa S.A.
Argentina
    11.39 %
Clearing house
    101.7  
Interbanking S.A.
Argentina
    9.09 %
Information services for financial markets
    1,519.2  
Argencontrol S.A.
Argentina
    7.77 %
Agent Mandatary
    54.0  
Sedesa S.A.
Argentina
    13.06 %
Deposit Guarantee Fund
    130.1  
Banelco S.A.
Argentina
    10.91 %
Nationwide ATM network & credit card administrating
    6,229.8  
Visa Argentina S.A.
Argentina
    9.79 %
Credit card issuer
    9,976.2  

NOTE 3—SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
 
3.1.  
Basis of presentation
 
In accordance with the procedures set forth in BCRA’s regulations and Technical Pronouncement No. 21 of the Argentine Federation of Professional Councils in Economic Sciences (“FACPCE”), the Bank has consolidated - line by line - its balance sheets and statements of operations as of December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, as per the following detail:
 
-  
As of December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006:
 
a)  
With the financial statements of Francés Valores Sociedad de Bolsa S.A., Atuel Fideicomisos S.A. and its subsidiary and PSA Finance Argentina Cía. Financiera S.A., for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006.
 
b)  
With the financial statements of Consolidar Administradora de Fondos de Jubilaciones y Pensiones S.A., Consolidar Cía. de Seguros de Vida S.A., and Consolidar Cía. de Seguros de Retiro S.A., for the six-month periods ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006.
 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 

The income / (loss) and cash and cash equivalents flow of Consolidar Administradora de Fondos de Jubilaciones y Pensiones S.A., Consolidar Compañía de Seguros de Vida S.A. and Consolidar Compañía de Seguros de Retiro S.A., have been adjusted in order to homogenize the periods of companies consolidating on the basis of a twelve-month period ended on December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006.
 
Interests in subsidiaries are listed in Note 2.
 
3.2.  
Restatement of the Financial Statements in equivalent purchasing power
 
The Consolidated Financial Statements have been taken from the Bank's books of account in conformity with the standards of the BCRA.
 
These Consolidated Financial Statements recognize the effects of the changes in the purchasing power of the currency through February 28, 2003, following the restatement method established by FACPCE’s Technical Pronouncement No. 6 (modified by Technical Pronouncement No.19), using adjustment rates derived from the Internal Wholesale Price Index published by the National Institute of Statistics and Census (“INDEC” by its Spanish acronym).
 
Accordingly to the above mentioned method, the accounting figures were restated due to the purchasing power changes through August 31, 1995. As from that date, based in the prevailing economic stability conditions and accordingly with CNV General Resolution No. 272 and BCRA Communication “A” 2365, the accounting figures were not restated through December 31, 2001. In view of CNV General Resolution No. 415 and BCRA Communication “A” 3702, the method was reinstated effective as from January 1, 2002, considering the previous accounting figures as restated as of December 31, 2001.
 
By Communication “A” 3921 of the BCRA and General Resolution No. 441/03 of the CNV, in compliance with Decree 664/03 of the Federal Executive, application of the restatement method on financial statements in equivalent purchasing power has been suspended as from June 1, 2003. Accordingly, BBVA Banco Francés S.A. applied the mentioned restatement until February 28, 2003.
 
3.3.  
Comparative information
 
The Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2008 include comparative information with the Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2007 and 2006.
 
3.4.  
Valuation methods
 
The main valuation methods used in the preparation of the Consolidated Financial Statements have been as follows:
 
3.4.1.  
Foreign currency assets and liabilities
 
As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, such amounts were converted at the benchmark exchange rate of the BCRA as of the closing date of transactions on the last business day of each fiscal year. The exchange differences were charged to income (loss) for each fiscal year.
 
3.4.2.  
 Governmental and private securities
 
Governmental securities:
 
§  
Holdings for trading or financial transactions and instruments issued by the BCRA (except Holdings available for sale): they were valued based on current listed prices for each security as of December 31, 2008 and 2007. Differences in listed prices were credited/charged to income for each fiscal year.
 
§  
Governmental Securities for repurchase agreements with the Argentine Central Bank: they were valued on the basis of the quotations in force at December 31, 2008. Differences in listed prices were credited/charged to income for the fiscal year.
 
F-17

 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos

§  
Holdings available for sale (Governmental Securities and Instruments issued by the BCRA): according to Communication “A” 4702 dated August 30, 2007, the Governmental Securities and Instruments issued by BCRA, included in the list of volatilities published by the BCRA on a monthly basis, were classified in the category "Available for sale".
 
As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, they were valued in accordance with the quotations prevailing for each security as of the close of each fiscal year. Differences, if any, between the cost of addition of these holdings increased by the accrual of the internal rate of return and the value of the quotation were charged to Unrealized valuation difference in the stockholders' equity. As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, the amount recorded was 181,119 (loss) and 42,796 (loss), respectively.
 
§  
Unlisted government securities: these bonds were valued at the lower of present or technical values (including adjustment and accrued interest), as established by Communication “A” 3911 as amended of the BCRA, less of the estimated allowance to impairment value, which are carried in the books at their fair realization values.
 
§  
Unlisted instruments issued by the BCRA: in accordance with the regulations issued by the BCRA, this portfolio now reflects holdings that do not show the volatility reported by the BCRA. As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, the value of the holdings in accordance with the most recent quotation informed rose on the basis of the interest accrued as per the internal rate of return.
 
Investments in listed private securities
 
Equity and debt instruments: they were valued based on current listed prices as of December 31, 2008 and 2007. Differences in listed prices were charged to income for each fiscal year.
 
3.4.3.  
Governmental loans
 
Federal Government secured loans – Decree No. 1387/01:
 
As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, these loans were valued at the lower of present or technical value, as established by Communication “A” 3911 as amended of the BCRA.
 
On January 30, 2009, the Bank exchanged Global 2008 secured loans at variable interest rate and maturing in 2011 for a nominal value of 321,340 (whose technical value on the date of the exchange was 1,018,447) for bonds issued by the Argentine Government, denominated in pesos and accruing interest at the private BADLAR rate plus 275 basis points and maturing in 2014.
 
On January 28, 2009, Consolidar Cía. de Seguros de Retiro S.A. exercised its exchange option in connection with its holdings of eligible secured loans whose book values as of December 31, 2008 were 395,625, and requested, in exchange for them, a promissory note by the Argentine Government denominated in Pesos and accruing interest rate as per the private Badlar rate plus 275 basis points maturing in 2014.
 
This swap did not generate significant impact in the financial income of the Bank at such date.
 
3.4.4.  
Benchmark stabilization coefficient (CER)
 
As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, receivables and payables have been adjusted to the CER as follows:
 
§  
Federal government guaranteed loans have been adjusted under Resolution 50/2002 of the Ministry of Economy, which resolved that the CER business 10 (ten) days prior to the maturity date of the related service will be considered for yield and repayments of the loans.
 
§  
 Federal Government Secured Bonds due in 2020: have been adjusted under Resolution 539/2002 of the Ministry of Economy, which resolved that the CER business 5 (five) days prior to the maturity date of the related service will be considered for yield and repayment of the bonds.
 
F-18

 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos

§  
 Deposits and other assets and liabilities: have been adjusted considering the CER prevailing as of December 31, 2008 and 2007.
 
3.4.5.  
Allowance for loans losses and contingent commitments
 
For loans, other receivables from financial transactions, assets subject to financing leasing, receivables from sale of property assets and contingent commitments: the allowances have been calculated based on the Bank’s estimated loan loss risk in light of debtor compliance and the collaterals supporting the respective transactions, as provided by Communication "A" 2950 and supplemented of the BCRA.
 
3.4.6.  
Interest income recognition
 
Interest has been accrued according to a compound interest formula in the periods in which it was generated, except interest on transactions in foreign currency, those whose maturity does not exceed 92 days, and adjustable assets and liabilities and loans to financial sector which were apportioned on a linear basis.
 
The Bank suspends the accrual of interest generally when the related loan is non-performing and the collection of interest and principal is in doubt. Accrued interest remains on the Bank’s books and is considered a part of the loan balance when determining the allowances for loan losses. Interest is then recognized on a cash basis after reducing the balance of accrued interest, if applicable.
 
3.4.7.  
Unlisted Corporate Bonds
 
They were valued at acquisition cost plus income accrued but not collected as of December 31, 2008 and 2007.
 
3.4.8.  
Instruments to be received and to be delivered for spot and forward transactions to be settled
 
The Bank enters into forward contracts to buy or sell foreign currencies, listed Governmental securities and other securities at future dates. Both a receivable and a payable are recognized at the time of the agreement, which reflects the amounts of cash, currency or listed securities to be exchanged at the closing date. The difference between the receivable and payable at the original transaction date (premiums) is deferred and amortized over the contract’s life.
 
The Bank purchases and sells foreign currencies, listed Governmental and other securities on behalf of its customers which settle another day. An asset or liability is reflected for the amount due from or to the customer and a corresponding asset or liability is reflected for the currency or listed securities to be exchanged.
 
The Bank’s receivables or payables representing the future receipt or delivery of currencies or securities are adjusted to reflect the current market price of such currencies or securities. The amount of such market price differences is recorded in income for the fiscal year.
 
Forward sales and purchases of securities associated with repurchase agreements were valued as follows:
 
§  
In foreign currency: as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, they were valued according to the bench-mark exchange rate of the BCRA for each currency determined on the last business day of the end of each fiscal year.
 
§  
Holdings in investments:
 
-  
Holdings for trading transactions (Government and private securities) as well as instruments issued by the BCRA: in accordance with the method described in 3.4.2 above.
 
-  
Holdings available for sale, instruments issued by the BCRA: in accordance with the method described in Note 3.4.2.
 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos

3.4.9.  
Amounts receivable and payable for spot and forward transactions pending settlement
 
They were valued based on the prices agreed upon for each transaction, plus related premiums accrued as of December 31, 2008 and 2007.
 
3.4.10.  
Assets subject to financing leasing
 
As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, they have been valued at the present value of unaccrued installments calculated as per the conditions agreed upon in the respective contracts, applying the imputed interest rate thereto.
 
3.4.11.  
Investments in other companies
 
They have been valued according to the following methods:
 
§  
Banelco S.A., Consolidar A.R.T. S.A., Rombo Cía. Financiera S.A., BBVA Consolidar Seguros S.A. and Interbanking S.A.: as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 were valued by the equity method at the end of each fiscal year.
 
§  
VISA Argentina S.A.: as of December 31, 2008 was valued by applying the equity method on the basis of the financial statements of the issuer company as of May 31, 2008 plus new capital contributions and dividend distribution until December 31, 2008. As of December 31, 2007 was valued by the equity method at the end of the fiscal year.
 
§  
Bladex S.A.: as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 was valued at acquisition cost in foreign currency plus the nominal value of stock dividends received, converted into pesos based on the method described in 3.4.1.
 
§  
Other: as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 were valued at acquisition cost, without exceeding their recoverable value.
 
3.4.12.  
Premises and equipment and Other assets
 
They have been valued at acquisition cost plus increases from prior-year appraisal revaluations, restated as explained in Note 3.2., less related accumulated depreciation calculated in proportion to the months of estimated useful life of items concerned.
 
3.4.13.  
Intangible assets
 
They have been valued at acquisition cost restated as explained in Note 3.2., less related accumulated depreciation calculated in proportion to the months of estimated useful life of the items.
 
On March 28, 2008 the goodwill corresponding to Corp Banca, for 12,200, was fully amortized.
 
This caption included the differences arising from compliance with court-ordered measures arising from cases challenging the current rules and regulations applicable to deposits with the financial system in the framework of the provisions of Law No. 25,561, Decree No. 214/02 and supplementary provisions. The assets mentioned (calculated on the basis of the nominal difference between the exchange rate freely determined in the market and applied to the value of the deposit recorded in the books at that date) was amortized within the 60 monthly installments starting in April 2003 in accordance with Communication “A” 3916 of the BCRA.
 
As of December 31, 2008 these assets have been fully amortized, with the total accumulated amortization as of December 31, 2008 amounting to 1,246,980. As of the end of the previous fiscal year, the Entity recorded assets amounting to 57,489 (after deduction of accumulated amortization for 1,139,187), in the account Organization and development expenses.
 
The Bank, however, notifies that such amortization was solely calculated to comply with the regulations of the BCRA and that by no means does it imply a waiver to possible compensation or recovery of the exchange difference resulting
 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos

from compliance with court orders corresponding to petitions for protection of civil rights or other court action derived from the mandatory conversion of bank deposits into pesos.
 
In the decision in re “Massa, Juan Agustin vs. Poder Ejecutivo Nacional – Dto. 1570 y Otro s/ Amparo Ley 16,986” dated December 27, 2006, the Argentine Supreme Court of Justice confirmed by the majority vote of its members the validity of the emergency legislation enacted from 2001 and until the date of that pronouncement; i.e., the Supreme Court accepted the re-denomination into Pesos of deposits as well as the calculation methodology for the reimbursement of the bank deposits subject to the emergency regime imposed by the Argentine Government which unconstitutionality was claimed in the case mentioned. This decision by the Supreme Court of Justice establishes a calculation modality different from the modality decreed by the Executive Branch, establishing in this particular case the following criteria: each depositor is entitled to receive from the banking institution a reimbursement of the amount deposited converted into Pesos a the US$1 = Ps.1.40 exchange rate, adjusted by CER until the date of effective payment, plus compensatory interest at the annual, non compoundable 4% interest rate accruing as from the establishment of restrictions upon the availability of bank deposits or as from the date of maturity of the deposit if it was subsequent to February 28, 2002 subject to the monetary limit resulting from the decision handed down by the Court of Appeals, in so far as its judgment has not been appealed by the plaintiff. This criterion remains in a more recent judgment, “Kujarchuk versus the Argentine Executive Branch”, in which The Supreme Court of Justice lays down the methodology consisting in calculating the amount to be reimbursed in Pesified deposits in the event there had been partial reimbursements or deliveries through a comparison to the amounts withdrawn by the bank as a result of decisions handed down by a court or resulting from out-of-court arrangements. Those payments shall be deemed to be partial payments and that a deduction is to be performed out of the original deposit denominated in foreign currency of the percentage that, when converted into such currency, is represented by such payments converted into US Dollars at the exchange rate quoted in the floating foreign exchange market prevailing on each date. The amounts withdrawn on such concepts are to be consolidated and deducted according to the rules there established and always according to the guidelines of the Massa judgment. Come this instance, costs are borne in equal parts by the plaintiff and defendant and as regards previous instances, they are borne as decided by the Court of Appeals. Additionally, the Court has placed a cap on the amount pending reimbursement equivalent to the limit established by the Court of Appeals, and if applicable, the value in US Dollars of the original deposit.
 
As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, BBVA Banco Francés has estimated this contingency and it has raised allowances for the total amount.
 
The Bank’s Board of Directors expects that the Argentine State remedies the significant damage resulting from compliance with court-ordered measures on petitions for protection of civil rights and actions for relief, particularly due to the impact of differences in compensation or recovery as per the rulings in the abovementioned actions and according to the law in relation to pesification of the underlying deposits. In this regard, the Bank has informed of such financial damages to the relevant authorities, with reservation of rights.
 
3.4.14.  
Derivative transactions
 
Call / put options bought and written:
 
As of December 31, 2008 these were valued based on their intrinsic value, which represents the difference between the market value of the underlying asset and the strike price. The exchange differences were charged to income (loss) for the fiscal year.
 
Interest rate swaps and Forward transactions
 
(i)  
Interest rate swaps are recorded at the value resulting from the application of rates differences to residual notional amounts at the end of each fiscal year.
 
(ii)  
Forward transactions payable in Pesos without delivery of the underlying asset are recorded for the amount receivable or payable, as appropriate, arising from the difference between the agreed exchange rate and the exchange rate at the end of each fiscal year as applied to stated notional amounts.
 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos


 
3.4.15.  
Time deposits yielding variable income - Communication “A” 2482 and supplemented:
 
The variable income (loss) yielded by these investments, agreed for terms equal to or in excess of 180 days, accrues on the basis of the proportion agreed upon concerning the change in the price of the assets or the indicators contained in the provision. Any said change shall be restricted to a given range of contractually agreed values.
 
3.4.16.  
Employee termination pay
 
The Bank expenses employee termination pay as disbursed.
 
3.4.17.  
Other liabilities
 
They include the debit balances non arising out of transactions relating to the supply and demand of financial resources, plus the adjustments and interest payable accrued as of December 31, 2008 and 2007.
 
3.4.18.  
Allowance for other contingencies
 
It includes the estimated amounts to meet contingencies of probable occurrence that, if occurred, would give rise to a loss for the Bank.
 
3.4.19.  
Stockholders’ equity accounts
 
They are restated as explained in Note 3.2., except for the "Capital Stock" and “Non-capitalized contributions” accounts which have been kept at original value. The adjustment resulting from the restatement is included in the “Adjustment to Stockholders’ Equity – Adjustment to Capital Stock” account.
 
3.4.20.  
Statements of Operations Accounts
 
§  
As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, accounts accruing monetary transactions (financial income (expense), service charge income (expense), provision for loan losses, administrative expenses, etc.) were computed on the basis of their monthly accrual at historical rates.
 
§  
 Accounts reflecting the effect on income resulting from the sale, write-off, or use of non-monetary assets were computed based on the value of such assets, as mentioned in Note 3.2.
 
§  
 Income from investments in subsidiaries was computed based on such companies’ income adjusted as explained in Note 3.2.
 
3.4.21.  
Consolidated Statements of Cash and Cash Equivalents Flows
 
The Statements of Cash and Cash Equivalents Flows as of December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 explain the changes in cash and its equivalents. For such purpose, a detail is supplied of the items that the Bank considers to be cash and its equivalents:
 
   
December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
                   
a) Cash and due from banks
    4,243,080       3,169,314       2,558,484  
                         
b) Government securities held for trading or financial transactions
    272,769       170,320       303,823  
                         
c) Loans to financial sector, calls granted maturity date less than three months as from the end of the fiscal years
    145,500       126,000       66,500  
                         
CASH AND ITS EQUIVALENTS
    4,661,349       3,465,634       2,928,807  

F-22

 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
 
Points b) and c) are considered to be cash equivalents because they are held in order to meet short-term commitments, they are easily convertible in known cash amounts, they are subject to negligible changes in value and their maturity is less than three months as from the year-end date.
 
3.4.22.  
Other assets and other liabilities from subsidiaries (Consolidar Group)
 
They have been valued in accordance with the accounting standards established by the National Superintendence of Insurance and National Superintendence of Pension Funds Managers.
 
3.4.23.  
Use of estimates
 
The preparation of the Consolidated Financial Statements in accordance with the standards set forth by the BCRA require the Bank’s Board of Directors to use assumptions and estimates that affect certain assets such as allowances for doubtful loan and certain liabilities such as provisions for other contingencies as well as the income/loss generated during the fiscal years being reported. Final income/loss may differ from such estimates.
 
NOTE 4— DIFFERENCES BETWEEN BCRA ACCOUNTING STANDARDS AND ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES GENERALLY ACCEPTED IN BUENOS AIRES CITY - ARGENTINA
 
By Resolution CD No. 93/05 the Professional Council in Economic Sciences of Buenos Aires City (“CPCECABA” for its Spanish acronym) adopted, with certain explanations, Technical Pronouncements Nos. 16 to 22 of the F.A.C.P.C.E. incorporating certain changes to the professional accounting valuation and disclosure standards. Furthermore, by General Resolutions No. 485/05 y 487/06, the CNV adopted, with certain amendments, those Technical Pronouncements based on the resolutions of the C.P.C.E.C.A.B.A.
 
The Bank has prepared these Consolidated Financial Statements by applying the regulations of the BCRA, which do not contemplate some of the valuation criteria incorporated to the accounting principles generally accepted in Buenos Aires City.
 
The main differences between the regulations of the BCRA and the accounting principles generally accepted in Buenos Aires City are detailed below:
 
4.1.  
Valuation criteria
 
a)  
National Government Secured Loans
 
During the year ended on December 31, 2001, as a consequence of the provisions of Decree No. 1387/01, on November 6, 2001, the Bank exchanged national government securities, bonds, treasury bills and/or unsecured loans with the National Government for a face value of US$3,291,795 thousands for Secured loans. At December 31, 2008 and 2007, those loans are recorded under “Loans – to the Public Sector” amounting to 2,400,511 and 2,367,869, respectively, in accordance with the criterion described in Note 3.4.3.
 
In accordance with Resolution CD No. 290/01 of the C.P.C.E.C.A.B.A., at December 31, 2008 and 2007, these assets should have been valued considering the respective quotation values of the swapped bonds at November 6, 2001, delivered in exchange and the increase sustained as a result of the interest accrued according to the internal rate of return.
 
b)  
Effects caused by court measures related to deposits (constitutional protection actions)
 
As of December 31, 2007, the Bank recorded assets amounting to 57,489 (whose original value had been 1,196,676) under “Intangible Assets – Organization and Development Non Deductible Expenses” account corresponding to differences resulting from compliance with the court measures generated by the payment of deposits in the financial system within the framework of Law No. 25,561, Decree No. 214/02 and complementary regulations, as established by Communication "A" 3916 of the BCRA. In accordance with professional accounting standards currently in force in Buenos Aires City, the amount detailed above should have been
 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 

covered by an allowance up to the concurrence of the balance that represents the best possible estimate of the amounts to be recovered, an amount that could not be objectively determined as of that date.
 
c)  
Tax effects
 
As already indicated in Note 5.1., the Bank has received various communications from the BCRA pursuant to which that BCRA indicates that the capitalization of items arising from the application of the deferred tax method is not allowed. In accordance with professional accounting standards currently in force in Buenos Aires City, a deferred tax asset should be recognized to the extent the reversal of temporary differences generates a future decrease in the tax effectively determined. As a result, the allowances set up by the Bank in this respect, for 193,552 and 55,500 as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively, should be recovered.
 
In addition, the Bank has tax loss carryforwards estimated to be applied against taxable income for the current fiscal year.
 
d)  
Derivative financial instruments
 
As explained in Notes 3.4.14. and 11, as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, the Entity recorded the effects of interest rate swap agreements as established by the BCRA. Should the Entity have applied the professional accounting standards currently applicable, the stockholders’ equity would have decreased in 3,581 and 7,433, respectively.
 
4.2.  
Aspects related to disclosure of information
 
Holdings available for sale
 
As disclosed in Note 3.4.2., the Entity charged to the account “Unrealized valuation difference” in stockholders’ equity a loss of 181,119 and 42,796, as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively, which reflects the difference between the cost of addition of these holdings and increased by the accrual of the internal rate of return and the value as quoted of Government securities and instruments issued by the BCRA, classified as Holdings available for sale. The professional accounting standards in force in the City of Buenos Aires do not endorse this accounting treatment. As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, 138,323 (loss) and 42,796 (loss), respectively, should have been charged to income for each fiscal year.
 
4.3.  
Other differences with respect to generally accepted accounting principles effective in Buenos Aires City, related to subsidiaries
 
a)  
Consolidar A.F.J.P. S.A.: as of December 31, 2007, the intangible assets, whose book value amounted to 8,745, were amortized in accordance with the standards of the A.F.J.P.'s Superintendence.
 
As of December 31, 2008, these assets have been fully amortized.
 
b)  
Consolidar A.F.J.P. S.A., Consolidar Cía. de Seguros de Retiro S.A. and Consolidar Cía. de Seguros de Vida S.A.: loans secured by the National Government - Decree 1387/01 held by these subsidiaries amounting to 1,034,959 and 952,106 as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, were valued in accordance with the regulations of the Superintendence of Pension Fund Administrators (A.F.J.P) and the National Superintendence of Insurance.
 
c)  
Consolidar Cía. de Seguros de Retiro S.A.: the portfolio of Government securities in investment accounts has been booked in accordance with the standards of the National Superintendence of Insurance.
 
d)  
Consolidar Cía. de Seguros de Retiro S.A. and Consolidar Cía de Seguros de Vida S.A.: a part of its portfolio of instruments issued by the BCRA has been recorded in investment accounts, and they have been valued as per Communication “A” 4698 of the BCRA. The net difference with the market values as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 amounted to 7,011 (loss) and 117 (income), respectively.
 
F-24

 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
 
e)  
The items included under the captions Subsidiaries’ other assets and Subsidiaries’ other liabilities were valued in accordance with the regulations of the National Superintendence of Insurance.
 
f)  
Consolidar Cía de Seguros de Retiro S.A.: the Company included the balance from the technical commitments incurred with the insured in the Other Liabilities caption. The abovementioned caption includes 13,084 and 22,099 at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively, corresponding to the regularizing account called “Unaccrued secured loans valuation difference” which, as established by the National Superintendence of Insurance, will be settled through subsequent accrual of the regularizing accounts of secured loans. In accordance with professional accounting standards currently in force in the City of Buenos Aires, such amount should have been recorded as a loss for the year ended December 31, 2003.
 
g)  
The commissions paid by PSA Finance Argentina Cía Financiera S.A. to dealers for granting financing to companies and to the public in general in connection with purchases and sales of automobiles, which in accordance with the rules established by the Argentine Central Bank are charged to the Income Statement, should be accrued throughout the duration of the loans generated by said dealers in accordance with currently applicable professional accounting standards. Had this criterion been applied, shareholders’ equity would have been increased by 5,720 and 3,115 at the close of each fiscal year.
 
h)  
Upon booking the effects of the interest rate swaps as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, Consolidar Cía de Seguros de Retiro S.A. abided by the rules established by the National Superintendence of Insurance. Had the currently applicable professional accounting standards been applied, the shareholders’ equity in the Consolidated Financial Statements would have been increased by 3,950 and 2,550 at the close of each fiscal year.
 
NOTE 5—TAX MATTERS

5.1.  
Income tax
 
The Bank determined the charge for income tax by applying the effective 35% rate to taxable income estimated for fiscal year considering the effect of temporary differences between accounting and taxable income. The Bank considered as temporary differences those that have a definitive reversal date in subsequent years. As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, the Bank has estimated that there shall be no charge for income tax as the Bank is in a position to absorb the tax loss carry-forwards from previous fiscal years.
 
On June 19, 2003, the Bank received a note from the BCRA indicating that the capitalization of items arising from the application of the deferred tax method is not allowed.
 
On June 26, 2003, the Bank’s Board of Directors, based on the opinion of its legal counsel, have responded the above mentioned note, indicating that in their opinion the rules of the BCRA do not prohibit the application of the deferred tax method generated by the recognition of temporary differences between the accounting and tax result. Subsequently, Resolution 118/03 of the Superintendent of Financial and Exchange Institutions received on October 7, 2003 confirmed the terms of the note dated June 19, 2003. Consequently, as from that date the Bank has set up an allowance for the net balance between the deferred tax assets and liabilities.
 
As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, the Bank records under Other Receivables (in the Tax Advance account) a taxable deferred asset amounting 193,552 and 55,500, respectively. Such amounts are made up as follows:

   
December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
Deferred tax assets
    534,394       981,455  
Deferred tax liabilities
    (340,842 )     (925,955 )
                 
Net deferred assets
    193,552       55,500  
       Allowance
    (193,552 )     (55,500 )

 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos

5.2.  
Tax on minimum presumed income
 
Tax on minimum presumed income (TOMPI) was established by Law No. 25,063 in the fiscal year ended December 31, 1998, for a ten-year term.  On December 19, 2008 Law No. 26,426 established a one-year extension in TOMPI until December 30, 2009. This tax is supplementary to income tax: while the latter is levied on the taxable income for the year, TOMPI is a minimum levy determined by applying the current 1% rate on the potential income of certain productive assets. Therefore, the Bank’s tax obligation for each year will coincide with the highest of these taxes. The above Law provides that institutions governed by Financial Institutions Law must consider as a tax base 20% of their taxable assets, after deducting non-computable ones. However, if TOMPI exceeds income tax in a given year, the excess thereof may be computed as a payment on account of any income tax in excess of TOMPI that may occur in any of the following ten years.
 
In every year that net operating losses are offset, the tax benefit (the benefit of the effective rate on the net operating loss used) will be realized to the extent that income tax (net of the offsetting) equals or exceeds tax on minimum presumed income, but will reduced by any excess of the latter over former.
 
On February 11, 2005, the BCRA issued Communication “A” 4295 whereby it enabled, under certain rules, the accounting record of credits on Tax on Minimum Presumed Income.
 
Consequently, as of December 31, 2008 the Bank recorded the above asset in an amount of 236,205 (188,324 in the line Tax on minimum presumed income – Tax Credit and 47,881 in the line Others – Tax Advance, under Other Receivables). As of December 31, 2007 the Bank recorded the above mentioned asset in an amount of 186,761 (150,506 in the line Tax on minimum presumed income – Tax Credit and 36,255 in the line Others – Tax Advance, under Other Receivables).
 
5.3.  
Other tax issues
 
a)  
The Argentine Public Revenue Administration (“AFIP” for its Spanish acronym) inspected open tax periods and the Bank received ex officio assessments, which were appealed before the Argentine Administrative Tax Court. Such Court, to the issuance date of these financial statements, issued and opinion on the ex officio assessment made in 1992 and 1993, partially admitting the claim of tax authorities. On June 18, 2002 the Bank decided to appeal the ruling of 1992 with the Court of Appeals, where it is being treated at present.
 
Furthermore, on July 18, 2003 a remedy for the review and appeal against the 1993 judgment was filed, and is currently pending. On June 8, 2006 the Court of Appeals ratified the ruling, which caused the Bank to file an ordinary appeal with the National Supreme Court, which was conceded on February 1, 2007.
 
The Argentine Administrative Tax Court has issued an opinion in respect of the appeals filed against the ex officio assessments concerning the tax on minimum presumed income for year 1999 and the income tax for years 1994, 1995 and 1998, fully upholding the claims filed and reversing the appealed resolutions. However, on April 8, 2005 the Argentine Administrative Tax Court conceded to the AFIP the appeal to Argentine Public Revenue Administration. On October 3, 2006, the Argentine Administrative Tax Court confirmed the decision, and accordingly the AFIP filed a new appeal against this ruling with the Argentine Supreme Court, which conceded this appeal on March 8, 2007. On December 2, 2008, Argentina’s Supreme Court of Justice confirmed the judgment in favor of the Bank.
 
The Management and tax and legal counsel estimate that the Bank made a reasonable interpretation of effective regulations regarding the observed periods.
 
b)  
On October 24, 2007, the Bank was notified by the Tax Bureau of the City of Buenos Aires of the commencement of a sua sponte tax assessment on a certain basis and partial in nature of the taxable income as regards turnover tax for the fiscal years 2002 and 2003.
 
On November 14, 2007, the Bank had filed its defenses to the notice mentioned.
 
F-26

 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
 
Then, on October 6, 2008, the Bank was given notice of Resolution N° 3631-DGR 2008 containing the officio assessment for the fiscal years 2002 and 2003. On October 28, 2008, the Bank filed an appeal for review against this resolution, which was rejected on November 7, 2008.
 
In response to said rejection, on November 28, 2008 an appeal was lodged with a higher administrative authority, which is now being heard by the Ministry of Economy of the Government of the City of Buenos Aires.
 
The Management and tax and legal counsel estimate that the Bank made a reasonable interpretation of effective regulations regarding the observed periods.
 
The Bank’s Management does not expect an adverse financial impact in these respects.
 
NOTE 6— BREAKDOWN OF MAIN ITEMS AND ACCOUNTS
 
Detailed below are the balances of those accounts:
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
a)    GOVERNMENT AND PRIVATE SECURITIES
           
             
Holdings in investment accounts
           
             
Discount Bonds in pesos
    345,449       310,956  
Federal Government Bonds LIBOR 2014
    40,961       34,927  
Federal Government Bonds in Pesos 10.5 % due in 2012
    24,597       24,949  
Federal Government Bonds in Pesos Badlar + 350 bp due in 2013
    28,809        
Discount Bonds in US dollar
    56,768        
Federal Government Bonds due in 2015
    27,939        
BCRA Notes (NOBAC)
    371,274       176,882  
Federal Government Bocon PRE9
    38,285        
Federal Government Bocon PRO12
    14,819        
Federal Government Bocon PRO13
    6,633        
Total
    955,534       547,714  
                 
Holdings for trading or financial transactions
               
                 
Federal Government Bonds LIBOR 2012
    16,627       29,720  
Federal Government Bonds LIBOR 2013
    4,805       3,583  
Buenos Aires City Bond
    3,043       3,563  
Discount Bonds in pesos
    18,527       50,615  
Discount Bonds in US dollar
    255       2,805  
Peso-denominated GDP-related securities
    410       11,607  
Cuasipar Bonds in pesos
    5,433       6,365  
Secured Bonds due in 2018
    880       16,422  
Federal Government Bocon PRE8
    969       11,520  
Federal Government Bocon PRE9
    4,421       6,900  
Bonds issued by the Republic of Austria
    20,924        
Treasury Notes
    163,257        
Guaranteed Bonds issued by the Government of San Juan at 13.25%
    15,416        
Federal Government Bonds in US dollar 7% due in 2011
    6,029       8,873  
Federal Government Bonds in Pesos 10.5 % due in 2012
          3,105  
Other
    11,773       15,242  
Total
    272,769       170,320  
 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
Government Securities for repurchase agreements with the Argentine Central Bank
               
                 
Bonar VII
    334,688        
      334,688        
                 
Holdings available for sale
               
                 
Secured Bonds due in 2018
    26,456       73,284  
Federal Government Bocon PRO12
    65,213       166,229  
BCRA Notes (NOBAC)
    485,833       1,133,071  
Total
    577,502       1,372,584  
                 
Unlisted government securities
               
                 
Secured Bonds due in 2020
    987,550       903,897  
Federal Government Bonds in Pesos Badlar + 350 bp due in 2013
    14,881        
Others
    2,402       6  
Total
    1,004,833       903,903  
                 
Instruments issued by the Argentine Central Bank
               
                 
BCRA Bills (LEBAC)
    1,267,667       140,068  
BCRA Notes (NOBAC)
    1,409,020       1,865,723  
Total
    2,676,687       2,005,791  
                 
Investments in listed private securities
               
                 
Telefónica de Argentina S.A. Corporate Bonds
    2,428       2,269  
Telecom Personal Corporate Bonds
          4,994  
Camuzzi Gas Pampeana Corporate Bonds
    5,114       10,096  
Grupo Concesionario del Oeste Corporate Bonds
    7,893       9,985  
Tarjeta Cuyana Corporate Bonds
    4,009       6,459  
Gas Natural Ban Corporate Bonds
    10,717        
Banco Macro Corporate Bonds
    2,171       2,538  
Petrobras Energía S.A. Corporate Bonds
    5,004       1,429  
Fideicomiso de Gas
    17,357       30,629  
Tarjeta Naranja Trust
    8,045       11,820  
Radar Financial Trust
    39,250       36,788  
Galtrust 1 Financial Trust
    3,990       10,333  
Garbarino Financial Trust
          4,349  
Secubono Financial Trust
          9,153  
Cía. Financiera Argentina Financial Trust
          12,033  
Tenaris
    551       3,160  
Telecom
    1,481       5,197  
FBA Bonos Argentina
    3,950       2,019  
FBA Ahorro Pesos
    2,700       1,671  
1784 Inversión Pesos FCI
          2,853  
Pionero Pesos FCI
          10,015  
HF Pesos Clase I FCI
          6,364  
FBA Renta Pesos
    42,608        
Rembrandt Amor Pesos FCI
          11,016  
Other
    7,126       46,773  
Sub-Total
    164,394       241,943  
Allowances
    (752,747 )     (61,002 )
Total
    5,233,660       5,181,253  
 
F-28

 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
b)    LOANS – Other
               
                 
Loans granted to pre-finance and finance exports
    1,381,330       1,497,988  
Fixed-rate financial loans
    669,047       904,117  
Other
    323,099       264,738  
Total
    2,373,476       2,666,843  
                 
c)    INVESTMENTS IN OTHER COMPANIES – Others
               
                 
In other non-controlled companies- unlisted
    31,726       30,586  
In non-controlled companies-supplementary activities
    26,171       15,801  
Other – unlisted
    47       43  
Total
    57,944       46,430  
                 
d)    OTHER RECEIVABLES – Others
               
                 
Prepayments
    33,381       46,200  
Guarantee deposits
    33,936       25,551  
Miscellaneous receivables
    95,197       60,226  
Tax prepayments (*)
    246,457       93,647  
Other
    23,217       59,384  
Total
    432,188       285,008  
(*) As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, it includes the deferred tax asset for 193,552 and 55,500 respectively (see Note 5.1).
 
                 
e)    OTHER SUBSIDIARIES’ ASSETS
               
                 
Others related to insurance business
    1,438       450  
Total
    1,438       450  
                 
f)    OTHER LIABILITIES FROM FINANCIAL
               
TRANSACTIONS – Other
               
                 
Correspondents – our account
    11,909       146,540  
Collections and other operations for the account of third parties
    392,840       25,925  
Other withholdings and collections at source
    115,131       104,883  
Accounts payable for consumption
    201,343       140,105  
Money orders payable
    125,811       244,410  
Loans received from Argentine Technological Fund (FONTAR)
    39,951       20,623  
Loans received from Interamerican Development Bank (BID)
    48,520       57,738  
Pending Banelco debit transactions
    23,807       11,220  
Other
    101,192       45,783  
Total
    1,060,504       797,227  
                 
g)    OTHER LIABILITIES – Other
               
                 
Salaries and payroll taxes
    199,772       194,226  
Taxes
    113,509       79,813  
Miscellaneous payables
    110,609       91,845  
Other
    5,130       8,997  
Total
    429,020       374,881  
 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
h)    OTHER SUBSIDIARIES’ LIABILITIES
               
                 
Insurance companies, claims in adjustment process
          94,013  
Fluctuation fund – Consolidar Cía. de Seguros de Retiro S.A.
    140,119       138,480  
Insurance companies, mathematical reserve
    2,232,779       1,896,586  
Difference arising from secured loans accrued valuation Consolidar
    (13,084 )     (22,099 )
Others related to insurance business
    50,297       39,751  
Total
    2,410,111       2,146,731  
                 
i) DEBIT ACCOUNTS – Control – Others
               
                 
Items in safekeeping
    8,015,275       9,433,738  
Collections items
    660,981       579,318  
Checks drawn on the Bank pending clearing
    213,423       223,112  
Checks not yet credited
    832,783       786,562  
Securities representative of investment in escrow on behalf of the
Pension Fund Manager
    16,151,027       20,993,983  
Other
    76,901       62,182  
Total
    25,950,390       32,078,895  
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
j)     SERVICE CHARGE EXPENSE - Others
                 
                   
Turnover tax
    47,638       34,175       27,574  
Other
    16,530       10,381       6,087  
Total
    64,168       44,556       33,661  
                         
k)    OTHER INCOME - Others
                       
                         
Premiums – Insurance companies
    314,807       299,659       181,662  
Rent
    1,668       2,038        
Income from the sale of fixed and miscellaneous assets
    10,825       1,092       1,191  
Related parties expenses recovery
    5,587       6,100        
Deferred income tax (1)
    138,052       55,500 (3)      
Others
    47,180       19,276       24,566  
Total
    518,119       383,665       207,419  
(1) Offset by a charge of the same amount in the line Charge for uncollectibility of other allowances under the caption Other Expense item.
                         
l)     OTHER EXPENSE – Others
                       
                         
Insurance companies, mathematical reserve
    355,643       357,063       246,181  
Life Annuities – Consolidar Cía. de Seguros de Retiro
    147,389       119,971       98,279  
Tax on bank credits and debits
    40,714       33,064       24,189  
Deferred tax expenses (2)
          337,000 (3)     23,000  
Insurance premiums for disability and death
    42,780       884        
Claims paid – Insurance companies
    (5,042 )     200,459       192,122  
Others
    98,826       44,916       24,885  
Total
    680,310       1,093,357       608,656  
(2) As of December 31, 2007, the recovery of this amount had been booked in the line Loans recovered and reversals of allowances.
(3) Net change for deferred tax amounts 281,500.

 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos

 
NOTE 7—RESTRICTIONS ON ASSETS
 
As of December 31, 2008, there were Bank’s assets, which were restricted as follows:
 
a)    
The Government and Private Securities account includes 25,725 in Guaranteed Bonds maturing in 2018 and 24,590 in Federal Government Bocon PRO12, allocated to the guarantee required to act as custodian of investment securities related to pension funds.
 
b)    
The Bank appropriated loan funds of its active portfolio in an amount of 1,382 to secure debts with the BCRA.
 
c)    
The Bank appropriated BCRA Notes (Badlar), in an amount of 133,430 to secure loans arranged under the Credit Global Program given by the Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo (B.I.D.).
 
d)    
Francés Valores Sociedad de Bolsa S.A. (stock broking company) holds shares of Mercado de Valores de Buenos Aires S.A, booked in the amount of 8,000. These shares have been pledged in favor of “CHUBB Argentina de Seguros S.A.” in security of the contract this insurance company executed with Mercado de Valores de Buenos Aires S.A. to cover the latter’s guaranteeing any noncompliance of stock broking companies with their obligations.
 
NOTE 8—BANK DEPOSIT GUARANTEE INSURANCE SYSTEM
 
The Bank is included in the Deposit Guarantee System established by Law 24,485, Regulatory Decrees No. 540/95, No. 1,292/96 and 1,127/98 and Communication “A” 2337 and BCRA's complementary regulations.
 
Such law provided for the creation of the Company Seguros de Depósitos Sociedad Anónima (SEDESA) for purposes of managing the Deposit Guarantee Fund (DGF), whose shareholders, in accordance with the changes introduced by Decree No. 1,292/96, shall be the BCRA with one share as a minimum and the trustees of the trust created by the financial institutions in the proportion to be determined for each by the BCRA according to their contributions to the DGF.
 
That Company was incorporated in August 1995 and the Bank has a 13.0623% interest in its capital stock.
 
The Deposit Guarantee System, which is limited, compulsory and onerous, has been created for purposes of covering the bank deposit risks, subsidiarily and complementarily to the deposit protection and privilege system established by the Financial Institutions Law.
 
The guarantee shall cover the repayment of principal disbursed plus interest accrued through the date of revoking of the authorization to operate or through the date of suspension of the institution through application of section 49 of the BCRA's Charter provided that the latter had been adopted earlier than the former without exceeding the amount of pesos thirty thousand. Regarding operations in the name of two or more people, the guarantee shall be prorated between the holders. In no event shall the total guarantee per person exceed the abovementioned amount, whatever the number of accounts and/or deposits.
 
NOTE 9—TRUST ACTIVITIES
 
9.1.  
Financial Trusts
 
On January 5, 2001, the BCRA’s Board of Directors issued Resolution No. 19/01, providing for the exclusion of Mercobank S.A.’s senior liabilities under the terms of Section 35 bis of the Financial Institutions Law, the authorization to transfer the excluded assets to the Entity as trustee of the Diagonal Trust, and the authorization to transfer the excluded liabilities to beneficiary banks. Also, on the mentioned date, the agreement to set up the Diagonal Trust was subscribed by Mercobank S.A. as settle and the Entity as trustee in relation to the exclusion of assets as provided in the resolution abovementioned. The Entity entrusted Atuel Fideicomisos S.A. the management of collections and the realization of the corpus assets. As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, the assets of Diagonal Trust amount to 2,852 and 3,897, respectively, considering its recoverable value. In addition, as of December 31, 2008 the Entity has recorded the assets of Maginot Trust, whose book value amounts to 348. Said amounts are recorded in memorandum debit accounts “For trustee activities – Funds received in trust”.
 
 
 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
 
Under its line of business, the subsidiary Atuel Fideicomisos S.A. acts in its capacity as a trustee for the following trusts, in no case being personally liable for the liabilities assumed; such liabilities will be satisfied out of the proceeds of the underlying assets of each such trust.
 
   §  
Fideicomiso Corp. Banca: it was created by an agreement dated May 13, 1997, executed by Atuel Fideicomisos S.A. as trustee, Corp. Banca S.A. (later BBVA Banco Francés S.A.) as trustor and beneficiary, the Argentine Central Bank and Seguro de los Depósitos S.A. as beneficiaries.
 
§  
Maginot Financial Trust: on September 26, 2008 a trust indenture was executed between BBVA Banco Francés S.A., as trustee, and Atuel Fideicomisos S.A. as trustor and beneficiary.
 
Atuel Fideicomisos also acts as administration and collection manager for Fideicomiso Diagonal, which was created by an agreement dated January 5, 2001, executed by Mercobank S.A as trustor, BBVA Banco Francés S.A. as trustee and BBVA Banco Francés S.A and other financial institutions and Seguro de Depósitos S.A. as beneficiaries.
 
9.2.  
Non-Financial Trusts
 
The Entity acts as trustee in 38 and 44 non-financial trusts, as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively, and in no case being personally liable for the liabilities assumed in the performance of the contract obligations; such liabilities will be satisfied with and up to the full amount of the corpus assets and the proceeds therefrom. The non-financial trusts concerned were set up to secure the receivables of several creditors (beneficiaries) and the trustee was entrusted the management, care, preservation and custody of the corpus assets until (i) the requirements to show the noncompliance with the obligations by the debtor (settler) vis-à-vis the creditors (beneficiaries) are met, moment at which such assets will be sold and the proceeds therefrom will be distributed (net of expenses) among all beneficiaries, the remainder (if any) being delivered to the settler, or (ii) all contract terms and conditions are complied with, in which case all the corpus assets will be returned to the settler or to whom it may indicate. The trust assets represent about 718,956 and 588,425 as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively, consist of cash, creditors' rights, real estate and shares.
 
NOTE 10—CORPORATE BONDS
 
On July 15, 2003, an Extraordinary Stockholders’ Meeting approved the setting up of a Program for the issuance and re-issuance of ordinary non-convertible Negotiable Obligations with ordinary guarantee, or such guarantees as may be decided by the Board of Directors, and unsecured Subordinated Negotiable Obligations, convertible or not into shares. During the life of the Program, which will be 5 (five) years, it shall be possible to issue and re-issue any number of series and/or classes of Negotiable Obligations as long as at all times the maximum amount in circulation after adding together all series and/or classes outstanding under the Program pending redemption does not exceed at any time US$300,000,000.
 
On April 26, 2007, the Ordinary Stockholders’ Meeting delegated to the Board of Directors the authority to make certain amendments to the existing Negotiable Obligations Global Program such as: i) updating the Program so that it is governed by international terms and conditions, ii) existence of an international trustee in respect of one or more series representing the interests of investors, iii) drafting and execution of documentation in the English language and under foreign laws, including global and final securities, and payment agency, registrar, trust and underwriting agreements, as may be necessary, as well as the preparation of information documents for purposes of placement in international markets, including offering circulars and financial statements prepared in a foreign language.
 
As provided in the Negotiable Obligations Law and BCRA regulations, the proceeds would be applied to: (i) extension of mortgage loans for the purchase and renovation of housing and personal loans in Argentina; (ii) extension of corporate loans in Argentina for purposes of payment of working capital, investment in physical assets located in Argentina or refinancing of liabilities; and (iii) capital contributions in the Bank's subsidiaries or related companies.
 
The Ordinary and Extraordinary Stockholders’ Meeting held on June 28, 2008 decided to extend (i) for the term of 5 years the life of the Negotiable Obligations Global Program approved by the Extraordinary Stockholders’ Meeting held on July 15, 2003 and by Resolution No. 14967 of the CNV issued on November 29, 2004 in accordance with the changes introduced by the Ordinary and Extraordinary Stockholders’ Meeting held on April 26, 2007 and (ii) for the
 
 
 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
 
term of 2 years the delegation to the Board of Directors and the authority to sub-delegate the delegated powers in accordance with the applicable regulations approved by Ordinary and Extraordinary Stockholders’ Meeting held on April 26, 2007.
 
As of the date of issuance of these Consolidated Financial Statements, the Entity has not issued Corporate Bonds related to this Program.
 
NOTE 11—DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

§  
Transactions as of December 31, 2008:
 
-  
Interest rate swaps for 47,000 (Fixed Rate versus Badlar), maturing within a period not exceeding 2 years for which the Bank pays a variable amount in accordance with changes in the Badlar, Encuesta rate, and receives a fixed amount based on stated notional amounts and interest rate swaps for 5,000 (Badlar versus Fixed Rate) maturing within a period not exceeding 2 years, for which the Bank pays a fixed amount and receives a variable amount based on the changes in the Badlar rate.
 
In addition, the Entity agreed an interest rate swap through the exchange of variable interest rate (Badlar) and CER index for 50,000 with final maturity in a period not exceeding 2 years, for which the Bank pays a variable amount in accordance with changes in the Badlar rate and receives a variable amount based on changes in the CER plus a 50-basis point spread calculated on the stated notional amounts.
 
These transactions have been valued in accordance with the mechanism described in Note 3.4.14.i) generating a loss as of the end of the fiscal year for 7,010.
 
The estimated market value of said instruments amounts to 3,986 (Liabilities). For market value estimation purposes, the variable and fixed as yet not matured future flows are discounted, with the swap value being the difference between the current value of the future flows receivable and the current value of the future flows payable.
 
As of the end of the fiscal year, the above transactions were recorded under “Memorandum debit accounts – From derivatives – Interest rate swaps” for 52,000 and “Memorandum accounts - Debit accounts – From derivatives– Others” for 50,000.
 
-  
Interest rate swaps for 33,650 (Fixed Rate versus Badlar), maturing within a period not exceeding 2 years and 70,000, with final maturity in august 2019, for which the Bank pays a variable amount in accordance with changes in the Badlar, “Encuesta rate”, and receives a fixed amount based on stated notional amounts.
 
Said transactions were consummated as hedge for potential volatility in the cash flows arising from certain financing deals attributable to changes in the designated benchmark interest rates and they have proven to be effective hedge for the risk mentioned.
 
The aim pursued by risk management consists in reducing exposure to changes in cash flows arising from financing deals. Thanks to the hedge established, changes in the cash flows arising from the underlying instrument caused by changes in the benchmark interest rate would decrease as a result of having been offset with the changes in the cash flows arising from the hedge instrument.
 
These transactions have been valued in accordance with the mechanism described in Note 3.4.14.i) generating a loss as of the end of the fiscal year for 672.
 
The estimated market value of said instruments amounts to 193 (Liabilities). For market value estimation purposes, the variable and fixed as yet not matured future flows are discounted, with the swap value being the difference between the current value of the future flows receivable and the current value of the future flows payable.
 
 
 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
 
As of the end of the fiscal year, the above transactions were recorded under “Memorandum debit accounts – From derivatives – Interest rate swaps” for 103,650.
 
-  
Non-deliverable forward purchase and sale transactions in foreign currency payable in Pesos, maturing within a period not exceeding 1 year, for 1,446,615 and 1,454,414, which are recorded under “Memorandum Accounts - Debit accounts - Derivatives - Notional amount of non-deliverable forward transactions”, and “Memorandum accounts - Credit accounts - Derivatives - Notional amount of non-deliverable forward transactions”, respectively.
 
These transactions have been valued in accordance with the mechanism described in Note 3.4.14.ii), generating income as of the end of the fiscal year for 47,447.
 
-  
Put options bought for 5,850 and put options written for 5,265 agreed as hedging for the Entity’s borrowing position in connection with term investments yielding variable income conducted by customers.
 
The options were valued following the criterion described in Note 3.4.14. Said transactions were recorded under “Memorandum Accounts - Debit accounts – Notional amount of put options bought” for 5,850 and under “Memorandum Accounts - Credit accounts - Derivatives – Notional amount of put options written” for 5,265.
 
§  
Transactions as of December 31, 2007:
 
-  
Interest rate swaps for 232,000 (Fixed Rate versus Badlar), maturing within a period not exceeding 3 years, for which the Bank pays a variable amount in accordance with changes in the Badlar, Encuesta rate, and receives a fixed amount based on stated notional amounts and interest rate swaps for 60,000 (Badlar versus Fixed Rate) maturing within a period not exceeding 3 years, for which the Bank pays a fixed amount and receives a variable amount based on the changes in the Badlar rate.
 
In addition, the Entity agreed an interest rate swap through the exchange of variable interest rate (Badlar) and CER index for 50,000 with final maturity in a period not exceeding 2 years, for which the Bank pays a variable amount in accordance with changes in the Badlar rate and receives a variable amount based on changes in the CER plus a 50-basis point spread calculated on the stated notional amounts.
 
These transactions were valued in accordance with the mechanism described in Note 3.4.14.i) generating loss as of the end of the fiscal year for 619.
 
The estimated market value of said instruments amounted to 7,919 (Liabilities).
 
As of the end of the fiscal year, the above transactions were recorded under “Memorandum debit accounts – From derivatives – Interest rate swaps” for 292,000 and “Memorandum accounts - Debit accounts – From derivatives– Others” for 50,000.
 
-  
Non-deliverable forward purchase and sale transactions in foreign currency payable in Pesos, maturing within a period not exceeding 1 year, for 1,164,392 and 1,289,267, which are recorded under “Memorandum Accounts - Debit accounts - Derivatives - Notional amount of non-deliverable forward transactions”, and “Memorandum accounts - Credit accounts - Derivatives - Notional amount of non-deliverable forward transactions”, respectively.
 
These transactions have been valued in accordance with the mechanism described in Note 3.4.14.ii), generating income as of the end of the fiscal year for 6,457.
 

 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos

 
NOTE 12—COMPLIANCE WITH CNV REQUIREMENTS
 
12.1.  
Compliance with the requirements to act as agent in the over-the-counter market
 
As of December 31, 2008, the Bank’s Stockholders’ Equity exceeds the minimum requested to act as agent in the over-the-counter market, according to Resolution No. 368/01 and 489/06 of the CNV.
 
12.2.  
Investment Funds custodian
 
As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, in its capacity of Investment Funds custodian of “FBA Acciones Globales”, “FBA Total”, “FBA Renta”, “FBA Renta Pesos”, “FBA Europa”, “FBA Renta Dólares”, “FBA Bonos”, “FBA Calificado”, “FBA Ahorro Dólares”, “FBA Renta Fija”, “FBA Ahorro Pesos”, “FBA Renta Corto Plazo”, “FBA Horizonte”, “FBA Internacional”, “FBA EEUU”, “FBA Renta Premium”, “FBA Acciones Latinoamericanas”, “FBA Bonos Argentina”, “FBA Brasil”, “FBA México”, “FBA Commodities”, “FBA Acciones Argentinas” and “FBA Bonos Globales” managed by Francés Administradora de Inversiones S.A. Fund Manager, the Bank holds certificates of deposits, shares, corporate bonds, government securities, indexes, options, tax - credit certificates, securities issued by the Argentine Central Bank and investments financial trust certificates in safekeeping in the amount of 372,219 and 765,436, respectively, all of which making up the Fund’s portfolio and booked in memorandum accounts “Debit-Control - Other”.
 
The Investment Funds’ equities are as follows:
 
   
December 31,
 
Name of Mutual Fund
 
2008
   
2007
 
FBA Acciones Globales
    39,748       136,139  
FBA Total
    7,905       10,863  
FBA Renta
    10,200       12,645  
FBA Renta Pesos
    502,232       298,951  
FBA Renta Dólares
    4,302       4,233  
FBA Bonos
    5,950       8,832  
FBA Calificado
    35,773       213,601  
FBA Internacional
    365       497  
FBA Ahorro Dólares
    11,368       11,730  
FBA Renta Fija
    11,434       16,214  
FBA Ahorro Pesos
    24,663       128,507  
FBA Renta Premium
    5,051       6,755  
FBA Europa
    2,001       4,770  
FBA Horizonte
    8,166       27,847  
FBA EEUU
    1,372       1,323  
FBA Renta Corto Plazo
    544       495  
FBA Acciones Latinoamericanas
    14,888       44,268  
FBA Bonos Argentina
    8,563       8,069  
FBA Brasil
    14,054       2,992  
FBA México
    653       979  
FBA Commodities
    36       50  
FBA Acciones Argentinas
    228       485  
FBA Bonos Globales
    52       50  
Total
    709,548       940,295  




 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos


NOTE 13—RESTRICTIONS ON EARNINGS DISTRIBUTIONS
 
a)    
On March 28, 2008, the Argentine Central Bank, through its Case File No. 6731/08 authorized 164,000 to cash dividends distribution. In addition, the Ordinary and Extraordinary Shareholders’ Meeting held on that date approved the allocation of earnings as follows:
 
-  
To Statutory Reserve: 47,010.
 
-  
To cash dividends: 164,000
 
It must be clarified that as of the date of issuance of these Consolidated Financial Statements, such dividends have been paid.

b)    
In accordance with Communication “A” 4664, issued on May 11, 2007, as amended and supplemented, of “Distribution of Income”, for purposes of calculating the earnings subject to distribution, off-balance sheet deductions must be performed from the Unappropriated retained earnings as set forth in Note 3.2. of said Communication. In addition, the authorization of the Superintendent of Financial and Exchange Institutions shall be required in order to verify that the procedure established in said resolution for earnings distribution has been properly applied.
 
On March 19, 2009 the Board of Directors resolved to propose to the shareholders the distribution of dividends for the total amount of Ps.100,000 to be distributed in proportion to the nominal holding of each shareholder equivalent to Ps.0.21215 per share, in the following manner:

-  
Dividends in cash for the total amount of Ps.35,000.
 
-  
Issuance of new shares thus increasing the corporate capital for a total amount of Ps.65,000.
 
On March 27, 2009 at the Bank’s General Annual and Special Shareholders’ Meeting, it was announced that such distribution is subject to the authorization of the Argentine Central Bank as per Communication “A” 4664 dated May 11, 2007

c)    
In accordance with the provisions of BCRA, the next Shareholders' Meeting must appropriate the amount of 64,302 currently included under Unappropriated earnings to the Statutory Reserve.
 
NOTE 14— REFORM OF THE INTEGRATED RETIREMENT AND PENSION SYSTEM
 
a)    
Reforms introduced by Law No. 26,222:
 
Pursuant to Law No. 26,222, enacted on February 27, 2007, the Argentine social security system was amended. Subsequent to that date, supplementary rules were issued for the purpose of regulating the Law. The main amendments in the social security system with an impact on the business of Consolidar A.F.J.P. S.A. include the following:

-  
The possibility for the affiliates of choosing until January 15, 2008 to adhere to the pay-as-you-go scheme managed by the Argentine State;
 
-  
As from April 1, 2007, workers who within 90 days from the commencement of their labor relation have not chosen a social security regime shall be presumed to have chosen the pay-as-you-go system managed by the Argentine State;
 
-  
Men older than 55 and women older than 50, who are currently affiliated to the capitalization system and whose balances in the individually funded account do not exceed 20,000 pesos shall be transferred to the pay-as-you-go system unless they expressly state their intent to remain affiliated to the capitalization system;
 
 
 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
 
-  
The restriction of the commission charged by the pension fund managers for managing affiliates’ contributions to 1% of the basis used to calculate such commissions. The commission thus determined applies to the salaries accrued as from April 2007. Until such date, the commission that Consolidar A.F.J.P. S.A. charged was 1.24%;
 
-  
Increase the maximum of the basis used to determine the social security contributions and commissions from 4,800 pesos to 6,000 pesos concerning the salaries accrued as from April 1, 2007. It must be noted that on October 4, 2007, Decree No. 1346 of the Argentine Executive Branch raised such maximum to 6,750 pesos for salaries accrued as from September 1, 2007. Afterwards, on February 19, 2008, Decree No. 279/2008 issued by the Argentine Executive Branch increased such maximum to 7,256 pesos for the personal contributions paid by workers in a labor relationship as from June 1, 2008 and to 7,800 pesos for the personal contributions paid by the self-employed as from July 1, 2008;
 
-  
The establishment starting on January 1, 2008 of a fund of mutual contributions with the resources of the pension fund for purposes of ensuring the full financing of the benefits for temporary disability retirement, supplementary capitals and reconstruction corresponding to the capitalization regime and
 
-  
To apply a percentage ranging from 5% to 20% of the assets held in the pension funds to investments in production or infrastructure projects for the medium and long terms.
 
The reform in the legislation above mentioned has had an impact on the operations of Consolidar Seguros de Vida S.A. given that starting on January 1, 2008, the issuance of new social-security related life insurance policies has ceased. Starting on that date and until the assignment of the portfolio described in the next paragraph, the above Company continued to manage the social-security life insurance policies issued prior to the fiscal year commenced on July 1, 2001 as well as the management activities related to policies corresponding to group life insurance and mandatory life insurance policies. Consequently, the Entity’s Board of Directors decided to commence with a merger process as described in Note 14.c).

In addition, Consolidar Compañía de Seguros de Vida S.A. and BBVA Consolidar Seguros S.A.; executed an agreement under which BBVA Consolidar Seguros S.A. acquired, as from September 1, 2008, the total policies portfolio of social-security related life insurance, group life insurance and the management aspects concerning the portfolio of mandatory life insurance from Consolidar Compañía de Seguros de Vida S.A.. This portfolio assignment was approved by the National Superintendence of Insurance on October 10, 2008.

b)    
Argentine Unified Social Security System:
 
Enacted on December 4, 2008, Law No. 26,425 suppressed the capitalization regime that was a part of the Unified Social Security System, which part is proposed to be absorbed and then replaced by a single State-run pay-as-you-go system that is known as Argentine Unified Social Security System (“SIPA” for its Spanish acronym).

The following are the main aspects arising from the above Law and from the regulations issued subsequent to its enactment:

-  
The ordinary pension benefits, disability benefits and death benefits previously calculated and paid by Pension Fund Managers (AFJP) have been taken over by the National Administration of Social Security (“ANSES” for its Spanish acronym) starting with the accrued benefits corresponding to the month of December 2008;
 
-  
The resources held in the individual capitalization accounts of the members and beneficiaries of the capitalization regime of the former Integrated Retirement and Pension System are to be transferred to the Public Social-Security Regime Sustainability Guaranty Fund in exactly the same assets in which they had been invested, with ANSES becoming the sole and only holder of such assets and rights; and
 
-  
Those who are currently holders of individual capitalization accounts will be able to transfer the deposits held in such accounts that they have voluntarily made as well as those amounts that are mandatorily deposited therein to ANSES or to a Pension Fund Manager, with the latter being under a duty to reconvert through a change in their corporate purposes to continue to operate. Any compensations that should be payable to
 
 
 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
 
pension fund managers for discontinuing their operations may not exceed the maximum value equivalent to their capital stock, for which purpose the Argentine National State shall deliver to the shareholders in such entities, if applicable, Argentine Government Bonds subject to the lapse of a minimum term before these securities can be disposed of.
 
-  
The contributions corresponding to the salaries paid to workers who were members of the individual capitalization regime have been referred to ANSES as from December 1, 2008 and
 
-  
The requests for social security benefits as well as any claim or other request (either new or pending resolution) made by persons who were members of a Pension Fund Manager are now managed by ANSES.
 
The circumstances described have a significant impact on the operations of Consolidar AFJP S.A. as it needs now to change its corporate purpose if it wishes to continue operating. The Board of Consolidar AFJP S.A. is currently analyzing the various alternatives for the Company to continue operating within the most adequate framework and as of the date hereof it has implemented the actions it deemed necessary to re-adjust its structure to the Company’s new situation and it has disclosed the relevant effects in its financial statements as of December 31, 2008 which have been prepared on the assumption that the Company has the financial capability to maintain its assets and generate future income after its re-conversion. In addition, the Company’s Board is of the opinion that at this juncture, the best alternative is to maintain in its portfolio and until maturity the investments in Government securities issued by the Argentine Government.

Consolidar A.F.J.P. S.A. managed a pension and retirement fund that as of December 31, 2007 amounted to 17,268 million. By reason of the implementation of the new Argentine Integrated Social-Security Scheme (SIPA) Consolidar A.F.J.P. S.A. transferred such rights to ANSES for an amount of approximately Ps.14,000 million.

Therefore, as from the enactment of Law No. 26,425, Consolidar Cía. de Seguros de Retiro S.A. discontinued the issuance of new policies for social-security related life annuities which as of the date hereof stood for 95% of the premiums issued as of December 31, 2008. This notwithstanding, the benefits of the Capitalization Regime that used to be calculated and paid under the Social-Security related life annuities modality, continue to be paid through the relevant retirement insurance company. The Board of this Company is assessing the new regulatory scenario while continuing with the normal operations inherent in managing its assets and liabilities.

c)    
Merger between Consolidar Compañía de Seguro de Retiro S.A. and Consolidar Compañía de Seguros de Vida S.A.:
 
On September 23, 2008, the Board of Directors of Consolidar Compañía de Seguros de Retiro S.A. and Consolidar Compañía de Seguros de Vida S.A. approved and signed off the Preliminary Merging Agreement, taking the special financial statements for merging purposes as of June 30, 2008 as a basis. Pursuant to this Agreement, the companies decided to merge their respective equities through a transfer in favor of Consolidar Compañía de Seguros de Retiro S.A. of the total assets, liabilities, assets requiring registration, rights and duties held by Consolidar Compañía de Seguros de Vida S.A. This decision was made after a thorough evaluation of the benefits that the merger would entail for both companies.

On October 17, 2008, the General Ordinary and Extraordinary Shareholders’ Meeting of Consolidar Compañía de Seguros de Vida S.A. resolved to authorize the execution of the Final Merger Agreement, and, starting on the date of the merger and once the merging process is approved by the Supervisory Board of Companies (IGJ, as per acronym in Spanish) and the National Superintendence of Insurance (SSN, as per acronym in Spanish) , both companies shall be unified for operational and administrative purposes. On January 29, 2009, the National Superintendence of Insurance authorized the merger. As of the date hereof, the Supervisory Board of Companies (“IGJ” for its Spanish acronym), has not yet granted its approval.


 

 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos

 
NOTE 15—MINORITY INTEREST IN SUBSIDIARIES
 
The breakdown of balances in the “Minority interest in subsidiaries” account is as follow:
 
   
December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
Consolidar Administradora de Fondos de Jubilaciones y Pensiones S.A.
    109,429       126,305  
Consolidar Cía. de Seguros de Vida S.A.
    69,122       65,736  
Consolidar Cía. de Seguros de Retiro S.A.
    34,980       29,494  
Francés Valores Sociedad de Bolsa S.A.
    528       470  
Atuel Fideicomiso S.A.
    1       3  
PSA Finance Argentina Cía. Financiera S.A.
    34,079       14,010  
      248,139       236,018  
                 

NOTE 16—ACCOUNTS REFLECTING COMPLIANCE WITH MINIMUM CASH
 
The following are the items computed for compliance with Minimum Cash Requirements according to the regulations of the BCRA, with their corresponding balances:
 
 COMPUTABLE COMPLIANCE PESOS
     
   
   Cash
447,953
(*)
 
   
   Special Guarantee Accounts
117,859
   
   
   BCRA Checking Account
1,238,217
   
   
   Cash in valuables’ transportation
346,748
(*)
 
   
   Franchises
177,988
   
   
TOTAL
2,328,765
   
           
 COMPUTABLE COMPLIANCE IN US DOLLARS (Stated in Pesos)
 
   
   Cash
155,942
(*)
 
   
   BCRA Checking Account
1,855,383
   
   
   Cash in transit
1,830
(*)
 
   
   Cash in valuables’ transportation
52,232
(*)
 
   
TOTAL
2,065,387
   
           
 COMPUTABLE COMPLIANCE IN EUROS (Stated in Pesos)
   
   
   Cash
47,278
(*)
 
   
   BCRA Checking Account
32,265
   
   
   Cash in transit
44
(*)
 
   
   Cash in valuables’ transportation
12,554
(*)
 
   
TOTAL
92,141
   
           
(*)
Only 67% of these balances are admitted as compliance.
 
 

 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
 
NOTE 17—RISK MANAGEMENT POLICIES
 
The following is a description of the comprehensive policies and processes for identifying, assessing, controlling and mitigating the following risks: credit, market, liquidity and operational.
 
a)     
Credit Risk
 
The Risk Division is composed of the following areas: Retail Banking, Enterprise and Corporate Banking. Each of these is in turn made up by: Policies and Tools, Admission, Risk Follow-Up and Credit Recovery.
 
Approvals are processed by virtue of the powers granted to Risk Analysts, the Credit Risk Committee and the Technical Operations Committee, according to the amount of the assistance, as well as according to the characteristics of the customer and transaction (commercial areas are also authorized to resort to delegated credit powers). Any exceptions to the policies currently in force are dealt with by the Technical Operations Committee.
 
The assessment methodology is based on internally designed scoring and rating models applied to the Retail Banking, Enterprise and Corporate Banking portfolios management, respectively. The application of this methodology leads to the calculation of the expected loss and in addition, to a historical control over expected losses and over the degree of severity of such losses in each portfolio. The scoring and rating tools are re-estimated periodically.
 
The following are some of the aspects taken into account upon subjecting customers to a credit assessment:
 
-  
Verify the client sufficient income-generation sources and an adequate financial structure to face the commitments to repay principal and interest of the owned receivables within the terms agreed.
 
-  
Adequate and sufficient guarantees must to allow the loans recovery.
 
-  
Adequate knowledge of the client so that the decision-making officials are sufficiently confident and secure when they decide to grant the loan.
 
-  
Balance and correlation between the use of the proceeds, the amount, the term and the manner to repay the loan based on the client´s generation of resources and the guarantees.
 
-  
The activities carried on by the client must be identified so that the client can be assigned to the appropriate classification of sectors of the economy assessing its positioning and growth expectations.
 
-  
Permanent consulting for hints of junctures in the policies currently in force in each sector for an adequate response in line with the general investment or divestiture guidelines in a sector or sub-sector of the economy, amongst others.
 
b)    
Market Risk
 
The Market Risk area, which reports to the Risk Division, is the unit responsible for identifying, assessing and controlling the market risks in BBVA Banco Francés.
 
It is in charge of the following:
 
-  
Identifying the Business Units within the Entity that carry out transactions entailing market risks, which should thus be included in the corporate applications of measurement and control risk.
 
-  
Monitor on a daily basis compliance with the risk limits and policies of the Business Units
 
The most complex approach, adopted as a standard measurement tool, is the Value at Risk (“VaR”) which provides a 99% confidence level at one day.
 
 
 
 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
Policies are implemented through a limit structure, in terms of daily VaR and daily, monthly and annual Stop Loss measures.
 
On an annual basis, a proposal is prepared for the authorization of market risk limits together with the Treasury Department. This standard sets forth the identity of the officials who have the maximum control responsibilities and decision-making attributes concerning the limits and contingency plans to be implemented if such limits were surpassed.
 
The utility of the VaR model is fine-tuned through backtesting and stresstesting techniques.
 
c)    
Liquidity Risk
 
Although the Financial Division is responsible for managing the structural risks at the Entity, which risks also include the liquidity risk, the Market Risk Area, in its position as independent business unit and responsible for management actions, is empowered to approve, follow up (measure) and control the methodologies, the limits and the alerts that the areas involved may propose and consume in order to adequately manage the liquidity risk.
 
Liquidity risk is monitored through a number of specific quantitative and qualitative limits and alerts, which are followed up on a daily basis by the Market Area Risks Local Unit (ULRAM).
 
Crisis are identified by the three areas of the Technical Liquidity Group (GTL, with the areas in charge of following up on crises being the ULRAM, Financial Management and Markets) and as soon as any of these areas detects a crisis, it must report it to the other management areas above mentioned.
 
The Market Risk Area obtains the flows of collections and payments, prepares the daily liquidity map, proposes the limits and alert alarms and prepares and distributes the appropriate reports for the evolution of liquidity to the internal areas of the Risk Division and to the top executives of BBVA Banco Francés.
 
Liquidity risks are monitored using three models: Short-term liquidity, Medium-term liquidity and Stress-liquidity. This model is based on the study of past crisis and it is used as a basis to generate the contingency plan.
 
The aim of the Contingency Plan is no other than to be in the best position to face liquidity problems, to foresee potential crisis situations, both at the Entity level and in the markets which may arise for the Entity in the future.
 
d)    
Operational Risk
 
The Strategic Risk Management Department, through the Operational Risk area, is entrusted with the implementation of a working framework to allow it to identify, value, follow up, control and mitigate operational risk through the development of specific tools and the maintenance of a historical database of losses as recorded, segmented by business areas and classes of risks.
 
Both the function used to identify and quantify operational risk (Ev-Ro tool) and the function used for a dynamic control and follow-up of the efficacy of the mitigation actions implemented (Trans-VaR) are highly widespread in the various business areas and supporting areas.
 
The follow-up of these tools and controls allows:
 
-  
To assess the degree of mitigation activity implemented in the various areas
 
-  
To verify that the measures have been adopted in accordance with priority criteria for the mitigation of risk factors.
 
-  
To ensure that the contingency plans and service continuity defined by the various business units or supporting areas have been properly implemented and updated to reduce the risk of certain high-impact risk factors.
 
 
 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
The Strategic Risk Management Department adopts and applies the guidelines set forth in Communication “A” 4793 issued by the Argentine Central Bank to lay down the guidelines for proper operating risk management.
 
NOTE 18—PRESENT SITUATION IN THE FINANCIAL AND CAPITAL MARKETS
 
In recent months, the world’s financial markets have gone through a situation that led to a major increase in volatility and in some cases, to a credit crunch. Indicators have been perceived that point to a global economic slow-down which in some countries have resulted in a recession.
 
Within this context, the central banks of some countries have taken measures aimed at mitigating the effects of the abovementioned situation.
 
Argentina has been no exception and the various markets have shown downward trends in the prices of Government and Privates securities. In our case, this situation came hand in hand with a stepwise increase in the interest rate and in the country risk.
 
It is important to emphasize that the international financial crisis that is having a widespread adverse effect on financial institutions at the global level does not have the same impact on the local financial system because of the differentiation in the exposure to the so-called “toxic” assets that exist in other countries.
 
NOTE 19—OTHER REQUIERED DISCLOSURES IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE SEC’S REQUIREMENTS
 
19.1.  
Transactions with related parties
 
The balances as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 for transactions performed with parents, subsidiaries and affiliates are as follows:
 
   
Balance Sheet
   
Memorandum Accounts (1)
 
   
Assets
   
Liabilities
       
Company
 
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
   
2008
   
2007
 
                                     
BBVA S.A.
    28,129       5,858       2,510       4,809       25,029       30,438  
Consolidar A.R.T. S.A.
    98       58       134,150       87,282       491,433       389,552  
BBVA Consolidar Seguros S.A.
    5,737       33       28,492       10,225       98,334       56,971  
Rombo Cía. Financiera S.A.
    133,873       150,408       6,664       846       47,000       82,000  
Inversora Otar S.A.
    107             78       347       168,344       375,513  
Consolidar Salud S.A.
                      55              
Consolidar Comercializadora S.A.
    136             8,531             796        
_______________
(1)  
Includes items in safekeeping, Credit lines granted (unused portion) covered by debtor classification regulations, Guaranties given covered by debtor classification regulations and derivates transactions.
 
The net income as of December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, for transactions performed with parents, subsidiaries and affiliates are as follows:
 
   
Net Income (1)
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
Income
    101,916       89,416       62,807  
Expenses
    28,045       (2,658 )     (9,117 )
      73,871       86,758       53,690  
                         
________________
(1)  
All the concerted operations have been contracted according with market’s conditions.
 
 
 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos

 
19.2.  
Minimum cash balances and restricted deposit
 
In accordance with BCRA and foreign central banks’ regulations, the Bank is required to maintain daily average minimum cash balances for each month in cash, in its account with the BCRA. The required daily averages calculated for the month ending on each balance sheet date are as follows:
 
   
December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
Peso and Foreign Currency Balances
    2,789,726       2,288,590  

19.3.  
Interest-bearing deposits with other banks
 
a)    
Included in “Cash and Due from Banks” there are: (1) interest-bearing deposits with the BCRA totaling 3,127,010 and 2,102,642 as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively; (2) interest-bearing deposits in foreign banks totaling 1,246 and 30,452 as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively, and (3) interest-bearing deposits in local banks totaling 1,218 and 1,092 as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
 
b)    
Included in “Loans” there are: overnight foreign bank interest-bearing deposits totaling 101,704 and 129,661 as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
 
c)    
Included in “Other Receivables from Financial Transactions” there are other interest-bearing deposits with the BCRA totaling 117,859 and 108,697 as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
 
19.4.  
Securities holdings in investment accounts and available for sale under BCRA’s rules
 
The book value and market value of holdings in investment accounts (including those used for forward purchases under repurchase agreements) at December 31, 2008 and 2007 were as follows:
 
    December 31,  
    2008     2007     2008     2007     2008(*)     2007(*)     2008     2007  
   
Book value
   
Gross unrealized
gains
   
Gross unrealized
losses
   
Market value
 
Debt Consolidation Bonds - Social Security (BOCON)
    59,737                         36,072             23,665        
Argentine Governments Bonds
    524,523       370,832                   225,431       50,391       299,092       320,441  
Argentine Central Bank Notes
    371,274       176,882             334       1,858             369,416       177,216  
Total
    955,534       547,714             334       263,360       50,391       692,174       497,657  
______________
(*) This amount is accounted in the caption “Allowances” in our Consolidated Financial Statements.
 

The book value and the market value of holdings in investment accounts (including those used for forward purchases under repurchase agreements) at December 31, 2008, by contractual maturity, were as follows:
 
   
December 31, 2008
 
   
Book value
   
Market value
 
Due in one year or less
    9,384       3,971  
Due after one year through five years
    482,698       460,443  
Due after five years through ten years
    54,602       36,334  
Thereafter
    408,850       191,426  
Total
    955,534       692,174  
 
As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, the Bank did not hold government securities classified as “held to maturity” under U.S. GAAP. The Government securities classified as “holding in investment account” under BCRA’s rules were classified either “available for sale” or “trading” under U.S. GAAP (see Notes 20.5.1. and 20.5.2.).
 

 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
The amortized cost and the market value of holdings in available for sale accounts under BCRA’s rules at December 31, 2008, by contractual maturity, were as follows:
 
   
December 31, 2008
 
   
Amortized cost
   
Market value
 
Due in one year or less
    352,496       335,029  
Due after one year through five years
    309,953       212,452  
Due after five years through ten years
    96,172       30,021  
Thereafter
           
Total
    758,621       577,502  
 
 
19.5.  
Loans
 
A description of certain categories of loans on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets is as follows:
 
To government sector: loans to public sector, excluding public financial institutions.
 
To the financial sector: loans to local financial institutions.
 
To the non-financial private sector and residents abroad: loans given to the private sector (excluding local financial institutions) and residents abroad from Argentina.
 
Overdraft: basically short-term loans to companies and overdraft lines of credit.
 
Discounted instruments: includes promissory notes, discounted documents and instruments acquired under factoring agreements.
 
Consumer: loans granted to individuals to acquired consumer goods.
 
Collateral loans (real state mortgage and security agreements): loans secured by privileged guarantees.
 
Credit cards: consists mainly of credit card loans.
 
Under BCRA’s rules, the Bank must disclose the type of collateral pledged on loans to non-financial private sector and residents abroad. The classification of the loan portfolio in this regard is as follows:
 
   
December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
Government sector
    2,400,511       2,367,869  
Financial sector
    598,755       541,911  
Non-financial private sector and residents abroad
    9,704,814       8,679,162  
—Commercial portfolio
               
With self-liquidating preferred guarantees
    67,365       90,375  
With other preferred guarantees
    118,017       107,790  
Without preferred guarantees
    4,514,478       4,942,315  
—Consumer portfolio
               
With self-liquidating preferred guarantees
    6,506       7,389  
With other preferred guarantees
    1,202,805       724,817  
Without preferred guarantees
    3,795,643       2,806,476  
                 
Less: Difference arising from purchase of portfolio
    (102 )     (93 )
Less: Allowances for loan losses
    (196,489 )     (198,728 )
Total
    12,507,489       11,390,121  
 

 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
Commercial loans: encompasses all financing facilities, other than those not reaching an amount equivalent to 500 with or without preferred guarantees.
 
Consumer loans: encompasses all financing facilities related to consumption (whether personal, professional or family consumption, loans for purchasing of consumer goods and financing credit cards) or housing loans (for buying, building or refurbishing) and financing (credits and guarantees) of a commercial nature up to an amount equivalent to 500 with or without preferred guarantees.
 
“Self - liquidating preferred” consist mainly of cash guarantees, gold guarantees, warrants over primary products and other forms of collateral of self-liquidation.
 
“Other preferred guarantees” consist, in general, of real estate mortgages and other forms of collateral pledged to secure the loan amount. The entire principal amount of loan is included under the heading “preferred guarantees” regardless of the current market value of the collateral.
 
“Without preferred guarantees” consist, in general, of unsecured third-party guarantees.
 
The Bank also tracks its loan portfolio by industry segment. At December 31, 2008, the following industry segments represented the loan concentrations:
 
Industry Segment
 
Percentage of
Total Loans
 
Consumer
    33.62 %
Other
    21.39 %
Governmental Services
    18.90 %
Financial Sector
    4.71 %
Retail Trade
    2.79 %
Wholesale Trade
    2.51 %
Agricultural and Livestock
    2.45 %
Oil and Carbon
    2.39 %
Food Stuff
    2.09 %
Mining Products
    2.08 %
Industrial Metals
    2.04 %
Beverage
    1.30 %
Construction
    1.01 %
Transportation Material
    0.76 %
Other Manufacturing
    0.75 %
Electricity, oil, water and sanitary services
    0.73 %
Rubber Products
    0.48 %
Total
    100.00 %

Substantially most of Bank’s operations, property and customers are located in Argentina. Therefore, the performance of Bank’s loan portfolio, financial condition and the results of its operations depend primarily on the macroeconomic and political conditions prevailing in Argentina.
 
The Bank has significant exposure to the Argentine Federal Government in form of secured loans and other debt obligations. Federal debt represents a significant portion of Bank’s total risk assets.
 
During 2008, certain “related-parties” of the Bank were loan customers of the Bank. As defined under BCRA’s rules, related-parties include the associated companies in which the Bank has some sort of important influence (as stated by said rules) and related persons such as any director or member of the Statutory Auditor Committee of the Bank within the previous three years, senior management of the Bank, members of the immediate families of any such persons, and companies with which they are associated. The historical activity in principal amounts of loans to related-parties during the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, are as follows:
 

 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 

 
   
2008
   
2007
 
Balance at the beginning of the fiscal year
    132,604       155,213  
New Loans
    6,351       2,561  
Repayments
    (24,279 )     (25,170 )
Balance at the end of the fiscal year
    114,676       132,604  
 
Total loans outstanding to these related parties at December 31, 2008 and 2007 including accrued interest, amounted to 114,676 and 132,604, respectively. Such loans are made in the ordinary course of business at normal credit terms, including interest rate and collateral requirements, and, in the opinion of management, do not represent more than normal credit risk.
 
At December 31, 2008 and 2007, approximately 49,905 and 163,965 or 0.39% and 1.41% of the Bank’s portfolio, respectively, consisted of loans to foreign borrowers.
 
Certain loan customers of the Bank are under court order or have entered into agreements with the Bank to satisfy their debt on basis different from the original loan terms. The Bank eliminates any differences between the principal and accrued interest due under the original loan and the new loan amount through a charge to the allowance for loan losses at the time of the restructuring.
 
At December 31, 2008 and 2007, non-performing loans amounted to 110,699 and 62,978, respectively. Past due loans included in the abovementioned amounts reach to 63,623 and 27,082 at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
 
19.6.  
Allowance for loan losses
 
The activity in the allowance for loan losses for the fiscal years presented is as follows:
 
   
December 31, 2008
   
December 31, 2007
   
December 31, 2006
 
Balance at the beginning of the fiscal year
    198,728       167,097       184,885  
Provision for loan losses
    38,124       61,985       69,799  
Write-offs
    (40,363 )     (30,354 )     (87,587 )
Balance at the end of the fiscal year
    196,489       198,728       167,097  
 
19.7.  
Other receivables from financial transactions
 
The composition of other banking receivables by type of guarantee is as follows:
 
   
December 31,
 
Description
 
2008
   
2007
 
With self-liquidating guarantees
    58       11,818  
With preferred guarantees
    481,698       463,621  
Without preferred guarantees
    1,964,182       482,646  
Allowances
    (3,013 )     (1,901 )
      2,442,925       956,184  
 
 
The Bank enters into spot, forward, repurchase agreements and reverse repurchase agreements, to buy or sell foreign currency (principally U.S. dollars) and Government securities. The Bank recognizes the cash, currency or security amount to be exchanged in the future as a receivable and payable, at the initial transaction date.
 

 

 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 

 
The assets and corresponding liabilities related to such transactions are as follows:
 
   
December 31,
 
Description
 
2008
   
2007
 
Forward Purchases and Sales
           
“Notional” amount of non-deliverable forward purchases
    1,446,615       1,164,392  
Contra debit derivatives accounts
    1,658,115       1,506,392  
Options
    11,115        
Interest rate SWAP
    205,650       342,000  
“Notional” amount of non-deliverable forward sales
    1,454,414       1,289,267  
Contra debit derivatives accounts
    1,459,679       1,289,267  
Non-deliverable forward transactions balances pending settlement-Receivables
    27,230       6,292  
Non-deliverable forward transactions balances pending settlement-Liability
    67,056       1,002  
Forward sales of foreign exchange
               
Debtors under forward sales of foreign exchange
    10       16  
                 
Repurchase and reverse repurchase agreements with government securities
               
Forward purchases of instruments issued by the BCRA under repurchase agreements with holdings available for sale
          67,720  
Creditors under instruments issued by the BCRA repurchase agreements with holdings available for sale
          61,802  
Debtors under reverse repurchase agreements
    1,272,056       150,154  
Forward sales under reverse repurchase agreements
    1,594,911       165,431  
Financial debtors under reverse repurchase agreements with the Central Bank
    395,289        
                 
Spot transactions with pending settlement
           
Unsettled spot securities purchases
    7,209       33,075  
Creditors under unsettled spot securities purchases
    1       33,075  
Debtors under unsettled spot securities sales
    77       33,554  
Unsettled spot securities sales
    7,345       32,892  
Unsettled spot foreign exchange purchases
          7,924  
Creditors under unsettled spot foreign exchange purchases
          7,918  
Debtors under unsettled spot foreign exchange sales
    2,190       3,030  
Unsettled spot foreign exchange sales
    2,174       3,032  
Unsettled spot Government securities purchases
    12       1,436  
Creditors under unsettled spot Government securities purchases
    12       1,428  
Debtors under unsettled spot Government securities sales
    9,577       19,462  
Unsettled spot Government securities sales
    37       5,111  


 

 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
 
 
19.8.  
Premises and equipment and other assets
 
19.8.1.  
Premises and equipment
 
The major categories of the Bank’s premises and equipment, and accumulated depreciation related thereto, are presented in the following table:
 
 
Estimated
useful
life (years)
December 31,
Description
2008
2007
Land and buildings
50
484,858
465,620
Furniture and facilities
10
76,975
55,969
Machinery and equipment
5
141,193
100,040
Vehicles
5
5,410
5,292
Accumulated depreciation
 
(266,770)
(227,306)
Total
 
441,666
399,615
 
 
Depreciation expense was 42,468 and 37,203, at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
 
19.8.2.  
Other assets
 
Other assets consisted of the following at December 31, 2008 and 2007:
 
 
Estimated
useful
life (years)
December 31,
Description
2008
2007
Rent assets
50
6,496
15,558
Works of art
983
983
Assets acquired for secure loans
50
4,283
4,646
Stationery and office supplies
3,667
2,693
Land and buildings not affected by banking activities
50
12,357
12,512
Vehicles to deliver for leasing
 
2,558
Total
 
27,786
38,950
 
Depreciation expense was 579 and 4,035, at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

19.9.  
Intangible assets
 
Goodwill
 
The breakdown of goodwill account as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 is as follows:
 
   
December 31,
 
Description
 
2008
   
2007
 
Goodwill for the purchase of Corp Banca S.A., net of accumulated amortization
          12,200  
 
 
Depreciation expense on goodwill was 12,200 and 6,629 at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
 
 
 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
 
Organization and development expenses
 
The breakdown of organization and development account as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, is as follows:
 
 
Estimated
useful
life (years)
December 31,
Description
2008
2007
Start-up expenses of Consolidar AFJP
11
12,244
Organization and development non – deductible expenses (1)
5
57,489
Computer software acquisition expenses and computer programs development expenses
5
17,663
9,412
Other intangible assets
5
37,669
25,035
Total
 
55,332
104,180
________________
(1)  See Note 3.4.13.
 
 
The 2008 and 2007’s variations in intangible asset accounts were as follows:
 
   
December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
Balance at the beginning of the fiscal year
    104,180       388,632  
—Additions
    93,767       60,648  
—Decreases
    2,116        
—Period amortization
    140,499       345,100  
Balance at the end of the fiscal year
    55,332       104,180  
 
19.10.  
Other liabilities from financial transactions – Argentine Central Bank
 
The Bank borrows funds under various credit facilities obtained from the BCRA for specific purposes, as follows:
 
   
December 31,
 
Description
 
2008
   
2007
 
Short-term liabilities
    2,982       1,833  
Total
    2,982       1,833  
 
At December 31, 2008 and 2007, accrued interests and other differences included on the above liabilities amounted to 185 and 169, respectively.
 
19.11.  
Other liabilities from financial transactions – Banks and international institutions and financing received from financial institutions
 
The Bank borrows funds under different credit arrangements from local and foreign banks and international lending agencies, as follows:
 
   
December 31,
 
Description
 
2008
   
2007
 
Short-term liabilities
           
Other lines of credit from local and foreign banks
    355,612       617,050  
Total short-term liabilities
    355,612       617,050  
Long-term liabilities
               
Other lines of credit from local and foreign banks
    42,103       22,220  
Total long-term liabilities
    42,103       22,220  
Total
    397,715       639,270  
 

 

 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
 
Accrued interests included on the above liabilities are 10,691 and 10,756, at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively, and are included in the “Interest and listed-price differences accrued payable” account in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets. Interest rates for long-term liabilities vary from 4.95% to 24.69% per annum.
 
Maturities of the long-term liabilities in the table above for each of the following fiscal years are as follows:
 
Fiscal year
     
2010
    27,264  
2011
    13,855  
2012
    984  
2013
     
Total
    42,103  

The funds mentioned under the caption “Long-term liabilities: Other lines of credit from local and foreign banks” are applied mainly to loans to companies involved in foreign trade transactions.
 
19.12.  
Balances in foreign currency
 
The balances of assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currency are as follows:
 
   
December 31,
 
Description
 
2008
   
2007
 
Assets
           
Cash and due from Banks
    2,205,798       1,260,938  
Government and private securities
    671,606       87,423  
Loans
    1,919,116       2,253,335  
Other receivables from financial transactions
    489,736       106,975  
Assets subject to financial leasing
    58       62  
Investments in other companies
    913       833  
Other receivables
    39,138       18,951  
Suspense items
    228       352  
Total
    5,326,593       3,728,869  
Liabilities
               
Deposits
    3,528,814       2,459,570  
Other liabilities from financial transactions
    1,205,564       1,027,236  
Other liabilities
    40,153       15,901  
Suspense items
    905       2  
Total
    4,775,436       3,502,709  

19.13.  
Minimum capital requirements
 
Under BCRA’s regulations, the Bank is required to maintain individual and consolidated minimum levels of equity capital (“minimum capital”). At December 31, 2007 and 2006 the consolidated minimum capital is based upon risk-weighted assets and also considers interest rate risk and market risk. The required consolidated minimum capital and the consolidated Bank’s capital calculated under the BCRA’s regulations are as follows:
 
   
Required
Minimum
Capital
   
Computable
Capital
   
Excess of actual
Minimum Capital
over Required
Minimum Capital (1)
 
December 31, 2008
    1,425,376       2,277,354       851,978  
December 31, 2007
    1,283,572       2,233,040       949,468  
_____________
(1)  
The Bank must maintain a surplus of minimum paid-in capitals amounting to at least Ps.41,800 and Ps.53,432 as at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively, equivalent to 0.25% of the amount of values under custody for securities representing investments from pension funds, as well as in connection with its function as registrar of mortgage-backed bonds, invested in national public securities and other destinations authorized by the BCRA and guaranteed in favour of the said Entity
 
 
 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
 
 
19.14.  
Earnings per share
 
Earnings per share for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, were computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of Ordinary Shares outstanding during each fiscal year.
 
19.15.  
Employee benefit plans
 
The Bank does not maintain pension plans for its employees; nevertheless, since 2005 the BBVA Banco Francés gives to certain executives, with a role at corporate level, the possibility to access into defined contribution pension plan that it is subject to SFAS No. 87, 132 (revised 2003) and 158. This pension plan consists in a percentage calculated over determinate recompensing concepts. At December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 the Bank has been accruing 1,006, 883 and 4,580 in “Administrative Expenses - Personal Expenses”, respectively. This concept has not had impact under U.S. GAAP.
 
In addition, the Bank is obligated to pay employer contributions to the National Pension Plan System, determined on the basis of total monthly payroll. These expenses aggregated 73,205, 53,144 and 42,423 for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively, and are included in the “Operating Expenses—Payroll expenses” account in the Consolidated Statements of Income.
 
19.16.  
Business segment consolidated information
 
FAS No. 131 requires that a public business enterprise report financial and descriptive information about its reportable operating segments. Operating segments are components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. Generally, financial information is required to be reported on the basis that it is used internally for evaluating segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources to segments.
 
The Bank is mainly concentrated on the financial sector, especially through its activities related to banking/financial, pension fund manager and insurance.
 
The following information shows total assets, financial income, service charge income and other income, total income, financial expenses, provision for loan losses, operating expenses, other expenses, total expenses, loss on minority interest in subsidiaries and total net income for each of the business segment identified by the Bank’s management.
 
   
As of December 31, 2008
 
   
Banking Financial
       
   
BBVA Banco Francés S.A.(3)
   
PSA Finance S.A.
   
Total
   
Pension Fund Manager
   
Insurance
   
Eliminations
   
Total
 
                                           
Total assets
    22,400,481       452,766       22,853,247       285,011       2,872,885       (185,678 )     25,825,465  
Financial income
    1,944,883       49,091       1,993,974       23,674       352,065       (90,609 )     2,279,104  
Service charge income and other income
    1,372,305       49,498       1,421,803       226,262       329,851       (14,048 )     1,963,868  
Total income (1)
    3,317,188       98,589       3,415,777       249,936       681,916       (104,657 )     4,242,972  
Financial expenses
    (1,274,521 )     (11,977 )     (1,286,498 )     (110 )     (5,682 )     90,609       (1,201,681 )
Allowances for doubtful loans
    (33,462 )     (3,246 )     (36,708 )                             (36,708 )
Operating expenses
    (1,128,183 )     (7,651 )     (1,135,834 )     (232,259 )     (50,969 )     5,614       (1,413,448 )
Other expenses
    (603,047 )     (24,785 )     (627,832 )     (54,168 )     (598,860 )     8,434       (1,272,426 )
Total expenses (2)
    (3,039,213 )     (47,659 )     (3,086,872 )     (286,537 )     (655,511 )     104,657       (3,924,263 )
(Loss)/Gain on minority interest in subsidiaries
    (135 )     (5,068 )     (5,203 )     16,876       (8,872 )             2,801  
Total net income
    277,840       45,862       323,702       (19,725 )     17,533               321,510  
_______________
(1)  
Includes: financial income, service charge income and other income.
(2)  
Includes: financial expenses, provision for loan losses, service charge expenses, operating expenses, other expenses and income tax.
(3)  
Includes: Atuel Fideicomisos S.A. and Francés Valores Sociedad de Bolsa S.A.

 

 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
 
   
As of December 31, 2007
 
   
Banking Financial
       
   
BBVA Banco Francés S.A.(3)
   
PSA Finance S.A.
   
Total
   
Pension Fund Manager
   
Insurance
   
Eliminations
   
Total
 
                                           
Total assets
    18,903,940       264,251       19,168,191       377,785       2,562,922       (85,899 )     22,022,999  
Financial income
    1,610,891       14,594       1,625,485       37,162       247,412       (5,847 )     1,904,212  
Service charge income and other income
    1,220,097       20,469       1,240,566       463,960       580,609       (274,062 )     2,011,073  
Total income (1)
    2,830,988       35,063       2,866,051       501,122       828,021       (279,909 )     3,915,285  
Financial expenses
    (682,913 )     (2,642 )     (685,555 )     (415 )     (8 )     5,847       (680,131 )
Allowances for doubtful loans
    (60,370 )     (1,892 )     (62,262 )                       (62,262 )
Operating expenses
    (872,913 )     (4,887 )     (877,800 )     (211,084 )     (38,741 )     3,464       (1,124,161 )
Other expenses
    (1,027,268 )     (9,911 )     (1,037,179 )     (278,988 )     (748,572 )     270,598       (1,794,141 )
Total expenses (2)
    (2,643,464 )     (19,332 )     (2,662,796 )     (490,487 )     (787,321 )     279,909       (3,660,695 )
Loss on minority interest in subsidiaries
    (169 )     (458 )     (627 )     (4,903 )     (14,011 )           (19,541 )
Total net income
    187,355       15,273       202,628       5,732       26,689             235,049  

 
   
As of December 31, 2006
 
   
Banking Financial
       
   
BBVA Banco Francés S.A.(3)
   
PSA Finance S.A.
   
Total
   
Pension Fund Manager
   
Insurance
   
Eliminations
   
Total
 
                                           
Total assets
    16,294,763       109,151       16,403,914       373,844       2,204,731       (147,860 )     18,834,629  
Financial income
    1,514,699       7,030       1,521,729       44,237       384,026       (13,588 )     1,936,404  
Service charge income and other income
    653,149       11,249       664,398       377,019       410,135       (221,237 )     1,230,315  
Total income (1)
    2,167,848       18,279       2,186,127       421,256       794,161       (234,825 )     3,166,719  
Financial expenses
    (581,603 )     (95 )     (581,698 )     (234 )     (1 )     13,588       (568,345 )
Allowances for doubtful loans
    (69,411 )     (714 )     (70,125 )                       (70,125 )
Operating expenses
    (711,655 )     (3,320 )     (714,975 )     (171,273 )     (43,750 )     2,594       (927,404 )
Other expenses
    (707,660 )     (4,219 )     (711,879 )     (249,662 )     (638,894 )     218,643       (1,381,792 )
Total expenses (2)
    (2,070,329 )     (8,348 )     (2,078,677 )     (421,169 )     (682,645 )     234,825       (2,947,666 )
Gain/(Loss) on minority interest in subsidiaries
    52       (1,505 )     (1,453 )     (40 )     (37,523 )           (39,016 )
Total net income
    97,571       8,426       105,997       47       73,993             180,037  
______________
(4)  
Includes: financial income, service charge income and other income.
(5)  
Includes: financial expenses, provision for loan losses, service charge expenses, operating expenses, other expenses and income tax.
(6)  
Includes: Atuel Fideicomisos S.A. and Francés Valores Sociedad de Bolsa S.A.

The Bank’s reportable segments are strategic business units that offer different products and services. They are managed separately because each segment appeals to different markets and, accordingly, requires different technology and marketing strategies.
 
The Pension Fund Manager segment has been affected by the reform of the integrated retirement and pension system, as mentioned in Note 14.
 
The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies. The Bank evaluates performance based on profit or loss from operations before income taxes not including non-recurring gains or losses.
 
The Bank does not have a single external private customer from whom it derives 10 percent or more of its revenues and operates in one geographical area. Nevertheless, as it is mentioned in Note 19.5., the Bank has significant exposure to the Argentine Federal Government in form of secured loans and other debt obligations. For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, the Bank recorded, under BCRA rules, income from secured loans (Decree No. 1387/01), including CER accrual for 307,305, 340,182 and 526,613, respectively. In addition, for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008 the Bank recorded net expenses from government securities for 305,688 and recorded net income for 283,968 and 523,158 for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
 
 
 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
 
Substantially most of Bank’s operations, property and customers are located in Argentina.
 
19.17.  
Consolidated income statements and balance sheets
 
The presentation of Consolidated Financial Statements according to BCRA’s rules differs significantly from the format required by the US. Securities and Exchange Commission under Rules 9-03 and 9-04 of Regulation S-X (“Article 9”). These Consolidated Financial Statements were prepared using the measurement methods prescribed by the BCRA, but in accordance with the presentation requirements of the US SEC.
 
The consolidated income statements presented below discloses the categories required by Article 9:
 
   
December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
Consolidated Income Statements
                 
Interest and fees on loans
    1,699,128       1,202,946       1,132,766  
Interest on investment securities
    55,774       4,498       43,684  
Trading account interest
          403,747       580,901  
           Total interest income
    1,754,902       1,611,191       1,757,351  
Interest on deposits
    771,304       578,982       471,763  
Trading account interest
    253,463              
Interest on short-tern borrowings
    41,268       33,663       50,036  
Interest on long-term debt
    107       19       265  
Total interest expense
    1,066,142       612,664       522,064  
Net interest income
    688,760       998,527       1,235,287  
Provision for loan losses
    36,708       62,262       70,125  
Net interest gain after provision for loan losses
    652,052       936,265       1,165,162  
Service charges on deposit accounts
    246,473       191,952       165,776  
Credit card service charges and fees
    326,623       203,096       127,481  
Fees on securities activities
    15,547       11,464       12,600  
Other commissions
    652,560       825,990       640,702  
Income from investment in equity securities
    65,121       9,363       19,941  
Foreign currency gains net
    207,582       117,403       78,655  
Gains on disposal of fixed and other assets
    9,559       1,005        
Minority interest in subsidiaries
    2,801              
Others
    928,786       943,790       363,386  
Total other income
    2,455,052       2,304,063       1,408,541  
 
 
 

 
 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
 
   
December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
Consolidated Expenses Statements
                       
Commissions
    176,463       114,371       76,538  
Personnel expenses
    745,034       588,483       485,013  
Fees and external administrative services
    109,645       76,414       50,887  
Depreciation of bank premises and equipment and other fixed assets
    43,047       41,238       32,653  
Business travel and development
    19,435       18,317       16,628  
Utilities
    30,074       26,016       21,714  
Advertising and promotion
    72,764       67,212       46,050  
Contributions and taxes
    200,650       148,858       118,847  
Maintenance and repairs
    53,718       38,553       30,712  
Amortization of Goodwill
    12,200       6,629       6,629  
Provision for loss contingencies
    199,603       157,626       312,485  
Loss on disposal of fixed and other assets
                7,657  
Minority interest in subsidiaries
            19,541       39,016  
Others
    1,091,691       1,651,627       1,077,157  
Total other expenses
    2,754,324       2,954,885       2,321,986  
Income before income tax and tax on minimum presumed income expenses
    352,780       285,443       251,717  
Income tax and tax on minimum presumed income expenses
    31,270       50,394       71,680  
Net income
    321,510       235,049       180,037  
Net income per Ordinary Share
    0.68       0.50       0.38  
 
Certain categories of income and expense maintained by the Bank have been presented in the above Article 9 consolidated statement of income in a manner which warrants further discussion:
 
- “Foreign currency gain (loss), net”: this item relates primarily to the differences in exchange rates on the Bank’s investments, loans and deposits denominated in foreign currency. The Bank does not maintain foreign currency gains or losses in separate categories of assets and liabilities, respectively, and, therefore, since such gains or losses cannot be separately identified by type of activity, “Foreign currency gains, net”, is presented as a component of “Non-interest income”.
 
Argentine Central Bank’s rules also required certain classifications of assets and liabilities which are different from those required by Article 9. The following balance sheets depict the Bank’s consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2008 and 2007 as if the Bank followed the balance sheets disclosure requirements under Article 9:
 
 
 
 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
 
   
December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
Assets
           
Cash and due from banks
    1,113,606       1,035,128  
Interest bearing deposits in other banks
    3,247,332       2,242,883  
Unsettled spot purchases
    7,221       42,435  
Debtors under forward sales and under reverse repurchase agreements
    1,667,355       150,170  
Debtors under unsettled spot sales
    11,844       56,046  
Trading account assets
    3,365,936       3,260,955  
Investments securities
    1,052,174       625,700  
Loans
    12,703,978       11,588,849  
Allowance for loan losses
    (196,489 )     (198,728 )
Premises and equipment
    441,666       399,615  
Intangible assets
    55,332       116,380  
Other assets
    2,355,510       2,703,566  
Total assets
    25,825,465       22,022,999  
                 
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
               
Interest bearing deposits
    13,232,394       12,176,829  
Non interest bearing deposits
    3,846,809       2,832,929  
Creditors under forward purchases and under reverse repurchase agreements
    67,056       1,002  
Creditors under unsettled spot purchases
    13       104,223  
Forward sales and under repurchase agreements
    1,594,911       165,431  
Unsettled spot sales
    9,556       41,035  
Other short-term borrowings
    1,359,909       1,357,341  
Other liabilities
    101,781       80,989  
Long-term debt
    2,909,630       2,528,401  
Commitments and contingent liabilities
    379,243       441,964  
Minority Interest in subsidiaries
    248,139       236,018  
Common Stock
    471,361       471,361  
Non-capitalized contributions
    175,132       175,132  
Other stockholders’ equity
    1,429,531       1,410,344  
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
    25,825,465       22,022,999  
 
 
19.18.  
Off-Balance sheet financial instrument
 
The Bank enters into various transactions involving off-balance-sheet financial instruments. These instruments could be used to meet the risk management, trading and financing needs of clients or for the Bank’s proprietary trading and asset and liability management purposes, and could be subject to varying degrees of credit and market risk. Credit risk and market risk associated with on- and off-balance-sheet financial instruments are monitored on an aggregate basis.
 
The Bank uses the same credit policies in determining whether to enter or extend call and put option contracts, commitments, conditional obligations and guarantees as it does for granting loans. In the opinion of management, the Bank’s outstanding off-balance-sheet items do not represent unusual credit risk.
 
 

 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
 
a)    
Derivatives
 
In the normal course of its business, the Bank enters into a variety transactions principally in the foreign exchange and stock markets. The majority of the counterparties in the derivative transactions are banks and other financial institutions.
 
These instruments include:
 
§  
Options: they confer the right on the buyer, but no obligation, to receive or pay a specific quantity of an asset or financial instrument for specified price at or before a specified date. Options may be exchange traded or Over the Counter (OTC) agreements. The Bank principally buys and sells interest options on an index. As December 31, 2007 and 2006 the Bank did not have outstanding options.
 
 §  
Futures and Forwards: they are agreements to deliver or take delivery of a specified rate, price or index applied against the underlying asset or financial instrument, at a specific date. Futures are exchange traded at standardized amounts of the underlying asset or financial instrument. Forward contracts are OTC agreements and are principally dealt in by the Bank in securities/foreign exchange as forward agreements.
 
Forward transactions are effected by the Bank in order to comply with the limits set forth by the BCRA in relation to the technical ratio of the Net Global Position in foreign currency and to reduce fluctuations risks in the rates of exchange. However, such transactions do not qualify as foreign exchange hedge in terms of SFAS 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities”.
 
§  
Swaps: they are agreements between two parts with the intention to exchange cash flows and risks at a specific date and for a period in the future. Swaps may be exchange traded or OTC agreements. In addition see Note 11.
 
Pursuant to BCRA’s regulations, future and forward transactions must be recorded under “Other Receivables from Financial Transactions” and “Other Liabilities from Financial Transactions” in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets and they have been valued as mentioned in Notes 3.4.8. and 3.4.9. In addition, future and forward transactions without delivery of underlying asset and the interest rate swaps have been valued as mentioned in Note 3.4.14.
 
The notional contractual amount of these instruments represents the volume of outstanding transactions and does not represent the potential gain or loss associated with the market or credit risk of such transactions. The market risk of derivatives arises from the potential for changes in value due to fluctuations in market prices. The Bank reduces its exposure to market risk, if necessary, by entering into offsetting transactions in accordance with the global policy of hedging defined by BBVA for its subsidiaries. The credit risk of derivatives arises from the potential of a counterparty defaulting on its contractual obligations. The effect of such a default varies as the market value of derivative contracts changes. Credit exposure exists at a particular point in time when a derivative has a positive market value. The Bank attempts to limit its credit risk by dealing with creditworthy counterparties and obtaining collateral where appropriate. At December 31, 2008 and 2007 the Bank entered into forward contracts and interest rate swaps for trading purposes. The notional amount of outstanding forward contracts as of the mentioned dates, are included in Note 19.7. The following table shows at December 31, 2008 and 2007 the notional value forward transactions and SWAP divided between hedging and trading:
 
   
December 31, 2008
   
December 31, 2007
 
   
Trading
   
Total
   
Trading
   
Total
 
Forward sales and purchases of foreign exchange
    2,901,029       2,901,029       2,453,659       2,453,659  
Interest rate SWAP
    205,650       205,650       342,000       342,000  
Options
    11,115       11,115              
 
 

 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
 
b)    
Credit-related financial instruments
 
The Bank’s exposure to credit loss in the event of non-performance by counterparties to commitments to extend credit, guarantees granted and foreign trade acceptances is represented by the contractual notional amount of those investments.

A summary of credit exposure related to these items is shown below (*):

   
December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
Credit lines granted (unused portion) cover by debtor classification
    74,294       26,185  
Foreign trade acceptances and standby letters of credit
    253,867       196,522  
Guarantees granted
    317,343       270,396  
______________
 (*) A significant portion of the Bank’s guarantees as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, have a remaining maturity of less than one year.
 
Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer at a future date, subject to compliance with contractual terms. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require the payment of a fee. Since many of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent actual future cash requirements for the Bank. The Bank evaluates each customer’s creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis.
 
Foreign trade acceptances represent Bank customers’ liabilities on outstanding drafts or bills of exchange that have been accepted by the Bank and the Bank’s liability to remit payment upon the presentation of the accepted drafts or bills of exchange.
 
The credit risk involved in foreign trade acceptances and guarantees granted is essentially the same as that involved in extending loan facilities to customers. In order to grant guarantees to its customers, the Bank may require counter guarantees. Such financial instruments are classified, by type of guarantee, as follows:
 
   
December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
Self-liquidating counter guarantees
    17,681       14,873  
Preferred counter guarantees
    8,138       3,816  
 
The Bank accounts for checks against it and other banks, as well as other items in process of collection, such as notes, bills and miscellaneous items, in memorandum accounts until such time as the related item clears or is accepted. In the opinion of management, no significant risk of loss exists on these clearing transactions. The amounts of clearing items in process are as follows:
 
   
December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
Checks drawn on the Bank pending clearing
    213,423       223,112  
Checks drawn against other Banks
    425,136       388,952  
Drafts and notes for collection
    660,891       579,318  

c)    
Trust activities
 
See Note 9.


 

 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
 
 
NOTE 20 — SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE ARGENTINE CENTRAL BANK RULES AND UNITED STATES GENERALLY ACCEPTED ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES
 
The following is a description of the significant differences between BCRA’s rules followed in the preparation of the Bank’s Consolidated Financial Statements and those applicable in the United States under generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”). References below to “SFAS” are to United States Statements of Financial Accounting Standards. Pursuant to the BCRA’s rules, the Bank’s Consolidated Financial Statements recognize the effects of inflation until August 31, 1995 and since January 1, 2002 to February 28, 2003, as mentioned in Note 3.2. As allowed by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission under item 18 of Form 20-F, the effect of inflation accounting under BCRA’s rules has not been reversed in the reconciliation to U.S. GAAP.
 
20.1.  
Income taxes
 
As explained in Note 5.1. the Bank determined the charge for income tax applying the effective rate to taxable income estimated for each year considering the effect of temporary differences between book and taxable income. The criterion is in accordance with U.S. GAAP, based on SFAS No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes”.
 
Under SFAS No. 109, deferred tax assets or liabilities are recorded for temporary differences between the financial and tax basis of assets and liabilities. A valuation allowance is provided for the deferred tax assets to the extent that it is more likely than not that they will not be realized.
 
The following table accounts for the difference between the actual tax provision and the amounts obtained by applying the statutory income tax rate in Argentina to income before income tax in accordance with US. GAAP:
 
   
December 31,
 
Description
 
2008
 
2007
   
2006
 
Income before income tax in accordance with US GAAP
    1,541,720     1,931,451       1,468,544  
Statutory income tax rate
    35.00%     35.00%       35.00%  
Income tax (benefit) provision computed at statutory rate
    539,602     676,008       513,990  
Tax exempt income
    87,774     78,754       (14,257 )
Other, net
    (27,221
  21,766       (11,391 )
Initial adjustments to net deferred tax assets
              (104,391 )
Income tax computed in accordance with U.S. GAAP
    600,155     776,528       383,391  
Income tax computed in accordance with BCRA’s rules
    (138,052 )   281,500       23,000  
Adjustments to reconcile income tax (benefit) to U.S. GAAP
    738,207     495,028       360,391  
(Recover) of allowances on deferred tax assets
    (331,511 )   (328,508 )     (325,939 )
 
The tax exempt income adjustment noted above principally relates to gains generated by equity investments, which were not subject to income tax (13,848, 18,003 and 31,109 for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively), to the exemption established during the public debt swap transaction, by which the income generated by the Guaranteed Loans received were exempt in the income tax (5,704, 9,798 and 15,042 for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively) and the effects generated for the recover of allowances for 116,029 in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008.
 
“Initial adjustments to net deferred tax assets” are originated in changes that occurred in the tax legislation for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2006.
 
As explained in Note 5.1, under BCRA’s GAAP the capitalization of the net operating losses is not allowed. Consecuently, these adjustments have not impact under such rules.
 
Under US GAAP, the net operating losses that are part of the net deferred tax assets were entirely provisioned in the year 2005. As the initial adjustment affected net operating losses that were entirely provisioned, its impact in equity as well as in the income/loss was neutral.
 
 
F-58

 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
 
Under US GAAP the Bank has considered that in terms of paragraph 27 and 45.g. of SFAS 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes”, these adjustments correspond to changes in the tax legislation occurred in the fiscal year where the Initial adjustment to net deferred tax assets is disclosed. These adjustments affect the initial balances of net operating losses considered in determining income tax under local accounting standards, and therefore are disclosed under Initial adjustments to net deferred tax assets.
 
 “Other, net” includes other net effects, and tax exempt income and non-deductible items arising from Consolidated Subsidiaries.
 
As mentioned in Note 5.2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, tax on minimum presumed income (“TOMPI”) is a complementary tax to the income tax. The Bank’s tax obligation for each year will coincide with the highest of two taxes, the BCRA income tax and TOMPI. However, if TOMPI exceeds the income tax in a given year, the excess thereof may be computed as a payment on account of any income tax in excess of TOMPI that may occur in any of the following ten years. Since TOMPI is calculated on different basis than income tax (under tax legislation is based on taxable assets and it is not based in income for fiscal years and has no relation with income), it is not included in the line “Income tax computed in accordance with BCRA’s rules”.
 
“Income tax computed in accordance with BCRA’s rules” corresponds to the Argentine GAAP income tax determined as per the deferred tax method. Under BCRA’s rules, income / (losses) related to deferred tax method must be classified in the “Other Income / Expenses” line items. Therefore, the deferred income tax amounting to 138,052 for the fiscal year 2008 was classified in the “Other Income” line item of the Consolidated Statement of Operations. For the fiscal years 2007 and 2006 it amounted to 281,500 and 23,000, respectively, and was classified in the “Other Expenses” line item of the Consolidated Statement of Operations (see Note 6 with the breakdown of Other Income and Other Expense accounts in accordance with BCRA’s rules).
 
These “BCRA income tax amounts” are not the same as the “income tax and tax on minimum presumed income (loss)” – TOMPI – line item in the Argentine GAAP Consolidated Statement of Operations on Page F-9. Under BCRA’s rules, this account should include the current income tax and TOMPI, while income (losses) related to deferred tax method must be classified in the “Other Income / Expenses” line item. In the years 2008, 2007 and 2006 “income tax and TOMPI” account includes only TOMPI for 31,270, 50,394 and 71,680, respectively.
 
The amounts related to the Income Tax computed in accordance with BCRA’s rules and Tax on minimun presumed income (TOMPI) are disclosed below:
 
   
December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
Tax on minimum presumed income (Income tax and TOMPI line item – F-9)
    31,270       50,394       71,680  
Income tax computed in accordance with BCRA’s rule (Other Income/Expenses line item)
    (138,052 )     281,500       23,000  
Total – Income tax plus Tax on minimum presumed income
    (106,782 )     331,894       94,680  

SFAS No. 109 requires that an allowance for deferred tax assets is needed when, based on the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that some portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The valuation allowance should be sufficient to reduce the deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized.
 
Accordingly, the Bank has assessed all available evidence to determine the amount of valuation allowance needed, including financial and tax projections. As a result, based on the weight of that evidence, the Bank provided an additional valuation allowance of 151,426 and 479,934 as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively, and reduced the valuation allowance in 180,085 as of December 31, 2008.
 

F-59

 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos

 
 
Deferred tax assets (liabilities) are summarized as follows:
 
   
December 31,
 
Description
 
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
Deferred tax assets:
                 
Government and private securities valuation
    208,239             89,485  
Loan origination and issuance credit card’s fees
    28,216       18,004       14,733  
Property, equipment and miscellaneous assets
    19,084       13,491       11,575  
Other liabilities
    10,016       21,624       26,151  
Allowance for loss contingencies
    169,603       225,647       563,672  
Reserves from insurance activities
          2,174       80,515  
Net operating loss
    87,394       403,938       562,780  
Other
    24,567       5,965       12,834  
      547,119       690,843       1,361,745  
Deferred tax liabilities:
                       
Government and private securities valuation
          (23,484 )      
Loans
    (150,209 )     (66,268 )     (43,251 )
Foreign exchange difference
    (14,133 )     (15,460 )     (10,839 )
Intangible assets
    (28 )     (4,550 )     (982 )
Reserves from insurance activities
    (57,485 )            
      (221,855 )     (109,762 )     (55,072 )
Net deferred tax asset under U.S. GAAP
    325,264       581,081       1,306,673  
Net deferred tax asset in accordance with BCRA’s rules
    193,552       55,500       337,000  
Adjustment to reconcile net deferred tax assets / liabilities to U.S. GAAP
    131,712       525,581       969,673  
Allowances on deferred tax assets in accordance with BCRA’s rules
    (193,552 )     (55,500 )     (337,000 )
Adjustment to reconcile Allowances on deferred tax assets to U.S. GAAP
    180,085       (151,426 )     (479,934 )
 
 
Allowances on deferred tax assets in accordance with US GAAP
    (13,467 )     (206,926 )     (816,934 )
Net deferred tax asset under BCRA
                 
Net deferred tax asset under U.S. GAAP – Net of allowances
    311,797       374,155       489,739  
                         
 
 
The natures of the most significant components of the deferred tax asset or liability are described as follows:
 
§  
Government and private securities valuation: as mentioned in Note 20.5. all unlisted government and private securities and those with non-representative valuation, were adjusted at fair value, thus causing a increase/decrease in their accounting value, which does not comply with the conditions required for them to be taxable in the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006.
 
§  
Loans: as regards deduction of uncollectible accounts, effective Argentine tax rules require the existence of certain uncollectibility indicators defined in the Income Tax Law (i.e.: to begin court proceedings or bankruptcy adjudication), whereas under accounting criteria uncollectibility charges are recorded on the basis of assessing the debtor’s payment capacity. This difference principally relates to the accounting registration of the impairment that took place in the loans to the provincial governmental sector and to other public sector agencies (see Note 20.4.4.), which, as mentioned above, does not comply with the indicators required to be tax-deductible. In addition, it includes the difference between account and tax recognition of income of federal government secured loans.
 
§  
Loan origination and issuance credit card’s fees: deferred assets result from differences in the U.S. GAAP accounting and tax criteria used to assess expense accruals of them (Note 20.2.).
 
§  
Property, equipment and miscellaneous assets: under tax criteria, PP&E depreciation is determined on values equivalent to the acquisition cost of the respective PP&E items and by the full-year-of-addition depreciation method. Under accounting criteria, depreciation is determined on values equivalent to the acquisition cost restated
 
 
F-60

 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
 
by inflation as explained in Note 3.2. and on the basis of the months of useful life elapsed from addition date through valuation date.
 
§  
Intangible assets: under tax criteria, the amortization of these assets is determined by the full-year-of-addition method, whereas accounting criteria contemplate the calculation of amortization on the basis of the months of useful life elapsed from addition through valuation date.
 
§  
Other liabilities: deferred assets/liabilities result from differences in the accounting and tax criteria used to assess expense accruals such as accrual for dismissals calculation.
 
§  
Allowance for loss contingencies: as regards deduction of loss contingencies, effective Argentine tax rules require the existence of certain indicators defined in the Income Tax Law (i.e. final judgment), whereas under accounting criteria, loss contingencies charges are recorded on the basis of the estimated amounts necessary to meet contingencies of probable occurrence.
 
§  
Pension and retirement obligations’ activities: deferred assets result from differences in the U.S. GAAP accounting and tax criteria applying to certain allowances related with Consolidar A.F.J.P.’s activities.
 
As of December 31, 2008, the Bank (on individual basis) carries accumulated tax loss carry-forwards of 87,394 that will expire as follows:
 
   
Amount
 
2009
   
87,394
 
 

 
The Bank estimates to use the tax loss for 87,394 during the fiscal year 2009.
 
The adjustments required in order to reconcile assets and liabilities with the U.S. GAAP, as detailed in the following notes, are shown considering their effect on the income tax. The effect of reflecting such adjustments on the Bank’s net assets causes them to increase by 311,797, 374,155 and 489,739 as of December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. In addition, income would have decreased by 406,697, 166,520 and 34,452 as of December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
 
The Bank understands that there is not significant uncertainty related to income tax benefits.
 
Tax on minimum presumed income
 
As mentioned in Note 5.2. as of December 31, 2008 the Bank has recorded an asset for the credit for tax on minimum presumed income.
 
As of December 31, 2008, the Bank (on stand alone basis) carries accumulated tax on minimum presumed income credits for 236,205 that will expire as follows:
 
   
Amount
 
2011
   
17,115
 
2012
   
24,519
 
2013
   
23,997
 
2014
   
24,462
 
2015
   
28,653
 
2016
   
31,741
 
2017
   
37,825
 
2018
   
47,893
 
 

 
F-61

 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
 
 
20.2.  
Loan origination and issuance credit card’s fees
 
The Bank recognizes fees on credit card products, consumer loans and acceptances when collected and charges direct origination costs when incurred. In accordance with U.S. GAAP, particularly under SFAS No. 91, loan origination fees and certain direct loan origination costs should be recognized over the life of the related loan as an adjustment of yield.
 
The effects of adjustments required to state such amounts in accordance with US. GAAP would be decreased assets by 86,765, 48,473 and 38,638 at December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. On the other hand, income for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 would have decreased by 38,292, 9,835 and 15,587, respectively.
 
20.3.  
Intangible assets
 
The Bank amortizes software development expenses (included in organization and development expenses) over their estimated useful life, up to a maximum of 60 months. US. GAAP, in accordance with the Statement of Position 98-1, requires that part of such expenses be written off to income when incurred, depending on their characteristics.
 
Regulations established by the Pension Fund Manager Superintendency, the agency overseeing Consolidar AFJP S.A., authorized the capitalization of disbursements made through September 25, 1994, for “salaries, advertising, software, agent’s commissions, fees, brochures, forms printing and leases and rentals”, as the most significant items. Consolidar AFJP S.A. capitalized expenses incurred in connection with the launch of new activities. Under U.S. GAAP, the above mentioned expenses are to be considered as expenses for the fiscal year in which they are incurred.
 
The effects of adjustments required to state such amounts in accordance with US. GAAP would have increased assets by 4 at December 31, 2008 and decreased by 6,824 and 11,372 at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. In addition income would have increased by 6,828, 4,548 and 5,518 at December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
 
20.4.  
Loan loss reserve
 
The Bank provides for losses on loans generally through specific allocations on a loan-by-loan basis, once the loan becomes classified in a category which indicates that collectibility may be impaired, and also through mandatory general provisions on performing loans, which serves to cover inherent loan losses for which specific provisions have not been made (see Note 3.4.5.).
 
SFAS No. 114, “Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan”, requires that an allowance for loan losses be maintained to cover estimated losses inherent in the loan portfolio. Under this concept, the specific allowances identified for individual loans or pools of loans are supplemented by an amount provided for inherent loan losses estimated to have been incurred but which are not identified based on individual loan reviews. The amount of inherent loss for loans not specifically provided is estimated based upon evaluation of historical write-off experience, mix of loans and other factors.
 
The Bank’s accounting for its loan loss reserve differs in some respects with practices of U.S.-based banks, as discussed below in Notes 20.4.1, 20.4.2, 20.4.3 and 20.4.4.
 

 
F-62


 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
 
 
The following table discloses the amounts required by SFAS No. 114, as of December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006:
 
   
December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
—Total amount of loans considered as impaired
    181,591       110,516       129,953  
Amount of loans considered as impaired for which there is a related allowance for credit losses
    181,591       110,516       129,953  
Amount of loans considered as impaired for which there is no related allowance for credit losses
                 
—Reserves allocated to impaired loans
    97,663       72,667       105,847  
—Average balance of impaired loans during the fiscal year
    150,956       114,057       279,495  
 
Under U.S. GAAP, the activity in the allowance for loan losses for the fiscal years presented is as follows:
 
   
December 31, 2008
   
December 31, 2007
   
December 31, 2006
 
Balance at the beginning of the fiscal year
    91,498       96,852       284,327  
Provision for loan losses
    52,543       25,000       49,124  
Charge-offs
    (40,363 )     (30,354 )     (236,599 )
Balance at the end of the fiscal year
    103,678       91,498       96,852  
 
20.4.1.       Interest recognition—non-accrual loans
 
The method applied to recognize income on loans is described in Note 3.4.6.
 
Additionally, the Bank suspends the accrual of interest generally when the related loan is non-performing and the collection of interest and principal is in doubt. Accrued interest remains on the Banks books and is considered a part of the loan balance. It allowances in its whole when the Bank determined the reserve for credit losses. SFAS No. 114, “Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan”, requires that such accrued interest be charged off to income.
 
The Bank recognizes interest income on a cash basis for non-accrual loans. SFAS No. 114 requires that if the collectibility of the principal of the non-accrual loan is in doubt, cash payments should be applied to reduce the principal to the extent necessary to remove such doubt. Management believes that the effect of this difference in interest recognition is not material to the Bank’s consolidated income statements taken as a whole.
 
20.4.2.       Impaired loans—Non-Financial Private Sector and residents abroad
 
SFAS No. 114, “Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan”, as amended by SFAS No. 118, “Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan—Income Recognition and Disclosures”, requires a creditor to measure impairment of a loan based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, or at the loan’s observable market price or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent. This Statement is applicable to all loans (including those restructured in a troubled debt restructuring involving a modification of terms), except large groups of smaller-balance homogenous loans that are collectively evaluated for impairment. The Bank considers commercial loans over 500 for individual impairment evaluations. Loans are considered impaired when, based on management’s evaluation, a borrower will not be able to fulfill its obligation under the original terms of the loan. SFAS No. 118 amends the income recognition provisions that had been included in SFAS No. 114.
 
Had U.S. GAAP been applied, the Bank’s assets would have increased by 92,811, 107,230 and 70,245 at December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. On the other hand, the income would have decreased by 14,419 at December 31, 2008 and have increased by 36,985 and 20,676 at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
 

F-63

 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
 
20.4.3.       Federal Government Secured Loans
 
During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2001, and pursuant to Decrees No. 1387/01 and 1646/01, the Bank and its subsidiaries swapped a portion of their holdings in federal government securities outstanding as of November 6, 2001, for a face value of US$3,291,795 thousands, for Guaranteed Loans amounting to US$3,360,403 thousands.
 
As provided for in BCRA’s Communications “A” 3366 and “A” 3385, the initial value of the certificates matched that of the prior book value as of the date of the swap. BCRA rules determined that these securities had to be recorded at their amortized cost which was significantly higher than the market value. No impairment was recorded as these assets are not subject to impairment under Argentine banking GAAP.
 
As of December 31, 2001, the above mentioned debt swap was subject to the provisions of SFAS No. 115, “Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities”. According to SFAS No. 115 an “other than temporary impairment” affects the swapped obligations and therefore requires that, in the event of such obligations having been classified as “held to maturity”, a loss be recorded for the difference between the book value of the obligation so swapped and its quotation at the date of the swap, as such quotation is understood to be the best measure for recognizing the above-mentioned impairment. In this case, the listed value of the securities was much lower than the accounting value under BCRA’s standards. Once this impairment was recognized under US GAAP in fiscal year 2001, the new book value of the obligations to be swapped will constitute the initial value of the new loans received. As from such date, the Bank recorded these loans considering the mentioned value plus the related CER adjustment and the interest accretion.
 
According to SFAS No. 91, “Accounting for Nonrefundable Fees and Costs Associated with Originating or Acquiring Loans and Initial Direct Costs of Leases”, the Bank recognizes income for each fiscal year using the accretion interest method.
 
For subsequent periods, management evaluates the collection of these loans on a regular basis, and considers that such loans are not impaired in accordance with SFAS No. 114. In addition, the carrying amount under US GAAP is significantly lower than the principal of such loans and the discounted cash flows expected to be received from these loans, including the swap mentioned in Note 3.4.3. Therefore, the Bank has not recorded an allowance for such loans.
 
In the fiscal years for 2008, 2007 and 2006 the Bank’s equity was adjusted according to the difference between the valuation of the holdings of these assets at the close of each year under both US and Argentine Banking GAAP, as detailed below:
 
   
December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
Guaranteed loan portfolio under BCRA
    2,057,870       2,054,855       2,617,265  
Guaranteed loan portfolio under USGAAP
    1,840,401       1,712,450       2,058,051  
Difference – Reconciliation adjustment
    217,469       342,405       559,214  
                         

As of December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 the values calculated as mentioned in the above paragraph were translated into pesos. The income for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 mainly reflects the revenues arisen from the sale of an important part of the stock of these assets occurred during the years then ended at market values significantly higher to those recorded in accordance with U.S. GAAP, and by the interest accretion of the loans in stock.
 
Detailed below, it is the portfolio sales occurred in the period 2007-2006 calculated and their respective gain under U.S. GAAP:
 
   
Portfolio sales price
   
US GAAP value
   
Gain on portfolio sales
   
Total income adjustment
 
2006
    1,199,288       904,768       294,520       350,286  
2007
    677,304       533,362       143,942       216,809  
 
 
F-64

 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos

 
These sales had no guarantee or recourse against the Bank, nor there is any commitment from the Bank side regarding their collectibility or repurchase, as a consequence they are made on a non-recourse basis as considered by SFAS No. 140, “Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities”.
 
The effects of adjustments required to state such amounts in accordance with U.S. GAAP would decrease assets by 217,469, 342,405 and 559,214 at December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. On the other hand, the income for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 would have increased by 124,936, 216,809 and 350,286, respectively.
 
20.4.4.       Loans—Non-Financial Provincial Governmental Sector and other governmental sector agencies
 
As a result of Public Emergency and Exchange System Reform Law and the public debt default on January 2002, meeting such obligations is based on scant Argentine Treasury resources and the persistent fiscal deficit of the Federal, Provincial and Municipal Governments, which inevitably led to a significant public indebtedness. Therefore, the Ministry of Economy was empowered to take the actions and deal with the formalities needed to reschedule the Federal Government’s debt.
 
During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006, the process of swap of Provincial Development Trust Fund Corporate Bonds ended, for which the Bank received Secured Bonds due in 2020 (BOGAR 2020).
 
Considering the issues mentioned above, impairment does affect such credit facilities and a loss must therefore be recorded according to U.S. GAAP for the difference between their accounting value and the expected value of their future cash flows, taking into consideration the provision of SFAS No 115, “Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities”.
 
The effects of adjustments required to state these amounts in accordance with U.S. GAAP would have increased income by 149,012 at December 31, 2006 (additionally see Note 20.5.1.).
 
20.5.  
Government and private securities valuation
 
20.5.1.       Government and other debt securities—Available for sale
 
During the fiscal year 2005, as a result of the Government’s debt restructuring, the Bank received for the defaulted portfolio Dollar-denominated Discount bonds amounted to US$26,083, and Peso-denominated Discount bonds amounted to Ps.146,818. During the fiscal year 2006, the Bank swapped Provincial Development Trust Fund Corporate Bonds into BOGAR 2020, the face value of the corporate bonds swapped amounted to 551,230,672.
 
According to U.S. GAAP, the Bank decided to classify these Government Securities as available for sale and carried at fair value (market value if available), with unrealized gains and losses reported as a net amount, net of income tax, within the stockholder’s equity accounts. However, SFAS No. 115 requires that if the decline in fair value is judged to be other than temporary, the cost of the security shall be written down to fair value, and the amount of the write down shall be included in earnings /(losses). This valuation criteria differ from BCRA’s rules, as described in Note 3.4.2.
 
Had U.S. GAAP been applied, the Bank’s assets would have decreased 216,190, 31,448 and 76,307 at December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
 
On the other hand, the income for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 would have increased by 660,761, 147,594 and 61,256, respectively.
 

F-65

 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
In accordance with U.S. GAAP, the amortized cost and fair value of Government securities and Other debt securities available for sale as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 are as follows:
 
   
Government securities
   
Other debt securities
 
   
December 31,
   
December 31,
 
   
2008
      2007 (*)  
2008
      2007 (*)
Amortized cost
    3,838,488       3,828,749             26,511  
Gross Unrealized (Loss) / Gain
    (1,104,112 )     (119,310 )           (976 )
Fair Value
    2,734,376       3,709,439             25,535  
Number of Positions
    61       53             3  
_______________
(*) All these securities have been in an unrealized loss position for less than 12 months.
 

The following table shows the disclosures about investments in an unrealized loss position that are not other than temporary impaired:
 
   
Less than 12 months
   
12 months or greater
   
Total
 
   
Fair value
   
Unrealized
losses
   
Fair value
   
Unrealized losses
   
Fair value
   
Unrealized losses
 
Government securities
    1,220,623       (90,846 )     874,720       (1,020,067 )     2,095,343       (1,110,913 )

We have evaluated this decline in fair value to determine whether it is other than temporary an we have not recognized any other than temporary impairment for these securities for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 related to the following reasons:
 
§  
The decline is attributable solely to adverse interest rate movements, and has not connection with a credit event.
 
§  
The principal and interest payments have been made as scheduled, and there in no evidence that the debtor will not continue to do so;
 
§  
The future principal payments will be sufficient to recover the current amortized cost  of the security;
 
§  
We have the intent to hold the security at least until the fair value of the security recovers to a level that exceeds the security’s amortized costs; and
 
§  
They have mainly arisen in a period shorter than one year.
 
20.5.2.       Government and private securities—Trading Account
 
Under U.S. GAAP, the Bank classified as trading securities, its holdings booked in investment accounts under BCRA’s rules, basically BODEN 2012 and other securities. The Bank carries these Government and private securities in accordance with BCRA (see Note 3.4.2.). Under U.S. GAAP for trading securities, taking into consideration the provision of SFAS No 115, “Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities”, a fair valuation methodology should be used to value the securities for accounting purposes.
 
Had U.S. GAAP been applied, the Banks assets would have decreased by 1,021 at December 31, 2006. On the other hand, the Bank’s income for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2007 would have increased by 1,021 and would have decreased by 5,546 for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006.
 
20.6.  
Gain contingencies
 
Constitutional protection actions:
 
At December 31, 2003 the Bank recorded an asset for the difference in nominal terms between the deposits at the free market exchange rate at the moment of each payment compared to the book value of 1.40 pesos per dollar plus CER to that date. This asset is being amortized in 60 monthly instalments as from April 2003 (see Note 3.4.13.). At December 31, 2008 the Bank cancelled this type of operations and the only ones that we had were related with the demand stood in a way by the holders of mutual funds shares.
 
 
F-66

 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
 
SFAS No. 5 “Accounting for Contingencies” requires that contingencies that might result in gains are not reflected in the accounts since to do so might be to recognize revenue prior to its realization. Had U.S. GAAP been applied, the Bank’s assets would have decreased by 19,855, 78,177 and 363,887 at December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. On the other hand the income for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 would have increased by 58,322, 285,710 and 222,647, respectively.
 
20.7.  
Investment in other companies
 
At December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, the Bank accounted for the investment in the Buenos Aires Stock Exchange at the market value at that date. Under SFAS No. 115 “Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities”, such investments would have been valued at cost or at a lesser amount where there is an-other-than-temporary impairment in value. Had U.S. GAAP been applied, the Bank’s assets would have decreased by 4,707, 3,187 and 1,196 at December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
 
In addition, there are a number of companies which are under 20% and they were valued by the equity method in accordance with Argentine Central Bank’s rules. Under SFAS No. 115, “Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities”, such investments, which are non-marketable securities, would have been valued at cost. Had U.S. GAAP been applied, the Bank’s assets would have decreased by 34,504, 24,621 and 20,638 at December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
 
On the other hand, the income for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 would have decreased by 11,403, 5,974 and 3,068, respectively, due to the effect of the differences mentioned in the preceding paragraphs.
 
20.8.  
Vacation expense
 
The cost of vacations earned by employees is generally recorded by the Bank when paid. SFAS No. 43, “Accounting for Compensated Absences”, requires that this expense be recorded on an accrual basis as the vacations are earned.
 
Had U.S. GAAP been applied, the Bank’s liabilities would have increased by 23,176, 59,982 and 48,394 at December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. In addition, the income for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 would have increased by 36,806 and would have decreased by 11,588 and 3,565 for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
 
20.9.  
Items in process of collection
 
The Bank does not give accounting recognition to checks drawn against the Bank or other Banks or other items to be collected, until such time as the related item clears or is accepted. Such items are recorded by the Bank in Memorandum accounts. U.S. banks, however, account for such items through balance sheet clearing accounts at the time the items are presented.
 
Had U.S. GAAP been applied, the Bank’s assets and liabilities would have increased by approximately 1,299,450 and 1,191,382 at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
 
The same effect would be displayed in the Balance Sheet disclosure requirements in accordance with Regulation S-X (see Note 19.17.).
 
20.10.  
Forward and unsettled spot transactions
 
The Bank enters into forward and unsettled spot contracts with delivery of the underlying asset for trading purposes.
 
The Bank accounts for such forward and unsettled spot contracts on a basis different from that required by U.S. GAAP.
 
For such forward and unsettled spot transactions, the Bank recognizes both a receivable and a payable at the time of the agreement, which reflect the amount of cash, currency or securities to be exchanged at the closing date. The receivable or payable representing the receipt or delivery of securities or currency is stated at the quoted market value of such securities or currency (see Note 3.4.8.). In the United States, accounting for forward foreign exchange contracts and
 
 
F-67

 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
 
futures contracts are governed by SFAS No. 133, “Accounting for Derivated Instruments and Hedging Activities” (see Note 20.16.). Under this standard, in general entities would not recognize a receivable or payable but would recognize the differences arising from changes in the market price of securities or currency to be received or delivered if the transaction did not qualify as a hedge.
 
Had U.S. GAAP been applied, the Bank’s assets and liabilities would have decreased by approximately 9,569 and 83,456 at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
 
The same effect would be displayed in the Balance Sheet disclosure requirements in accordance with Regulation S-X (see Note 19.17.).
 
20.11.  
Technical Valuation – Inflation adjustments
 
A technical revaluation (inflation adjustments) of the Bank’s properties was made in 1981 to eliminate relative price distortions generated by the hyper inflation then prevailing in Argentina. This revaluation was recorded in the “Adjustments to stockholders’ equity” caption. Under BCRA’s rules, when an asset which had been revalued is sold at a loss, the loss is recorded directly to “Adjustments to stockholders’ equity” to the extent of the original revaluation. Under SFAS No. 52, “Foreign Currency Translation”, the technical valuation (inflation adjustments) is considered to be a permanent addition to equity and, accordingly, any loss on the sale of an asset which was revalued would be reflected in net income. There has been no sale of revalued assets during the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006. Consequently, the balance related to the previously mentioned revaluation included in the “Adjustments to Stockholders’ Equity” caption has not been modified.
 
20.12.  
Acceptances
 
Foreign trade acceptances are not recorded on the balance sheet by the Bank. In accordance with Regulation S-X, acceptances and related customer liabilities should be recorded on the balance sheet. The adjustment required to state the Bank’s balance sheets in accordance with Regulation S-X would be to increase assets (due from customers on acceptances) and increase liabilities (bank acceptances outstanding) by 253,867 and 196,522 at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
 
The same effect would be displayed in the Balance Sheet disclosure requirements in accordance with Regulation S-X (see Note 19.17.).
 
20.13.  
Provisions and technical commitments related to insurance activities
 
20.13.1.     Provision related to insurance activities
 
As indicated in Note 14.b) at December 31, 2007, the subsidiary Consolidar AFJP S.A. manages a retirement and pension plan for an amount of 17.3 billion pesos. By reason of the implementation of the new Argentine Integrated Social-Security Scheme (SIPA) Consolidar AFJP S.A. transferred such rights to ANSES for an amount of approximately 14.0 billion.
 
Consolidar AFJP S.A. has recorded provisions related to insurance activities valued in accordance with the accounting standards established by the Superintendence of Pension Fund Administrators.
 
Under U.S. GAAP, the effects of adjustments required to state such provisions for incurred but not recorded claims related to death and disability, in accordance with SFAS No. 60 “Accounting and Reporting by Insurance Enterprises”, would have decreased stockholders’ equity by 230,194 at December 31, 2006.
 
As mentioned in Note 14.a), the Argentine Congress enacted Law No. 26,222, which eliminated the liability for pension fund managers for all death and disability claims received after December 31, 2007. Beginning on January 1, 2008, all death and disability claims were paid using a fund of mutual contributions (“mutual fund”). In accordance with paragraph 16 of SFAS No. 140, “Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities” the Company’s liability for incurred but not reported claims has been extinguished.
 
 
F-68

 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
 
Pursuant to this law, Consolidar AFJP does not remain legally obligated on the death and disability benefit claims that are received after December 31, 2007. Furthermore the Company is legally discharged from the obligation for claims received after December 31, 2007.
 
Therefore the extinguished liability described above has been derecognized in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007. Had US GAAP been applied, the income for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 would have increased by 230,194. On the other hand, income for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2006 would have decreased by 21,155.
 
20.13.2.     Technical Commitments
 
Consolidar Cía. de Seguros de Retiro S.A. and Consolidar Cía. de Seguros de Vida S.A. maintain reserves accounted in Other Liabilities from Subsidiaries valued in accordance with the accounting standards established by the Superintendence of Pension Fund Administrators and the National Superintendence of Insurance (see Notes 4.3.e) and 6.).
 
The effects of adjustments required to state such amounts in accordance with US. GAAP, under SFAS No. 60, “Accounting and Reporting by Insurance Enterprises”, would have decreased liabilities by 176,773, 16,865 and 30,150 at December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. On the other hand, income for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 and 2006 would have increased by 159,908 and 20,036, respectively, and for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 would have decreased by 13,285.
 
20.14.  
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
 
(i)    
The SFAS No. 157 “Fair value measurement” defines that fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.  Such standard also establishes a scheme for determining fair values. In accordance with this pronouncement, BBVA Banco Francés, has categorized its financial instruments based on the priority of the inputs to the valuation technique, into same of the three-level fair value hierarchy. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3). If the inputs used to measure the financial instruments fall within different levels of the hierarchy, the categorization is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement of the instrument.
 
Financial assets and liabilities recorded on the Consolidated Financial Statements are categorized based on the inputs to the valuation techniques as follows:
 
Level 1
Financial assets and liabilities whose values are based on unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in an active market that BBVA Banco Francés has the ability to access.
 
Level 2
They are inputs other tan quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 2 inputs include the following:
a)    Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets;
b)    Quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in non-active markets;
c)    Pricing models whose inputs are observable for substantially the full term of the asset or liability; and
d)    Pricing models whose inputs are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data through correlation or other means for substantially the full term of the asset or liability.
 
Level 3
Financial assets and liabilities whose values are based on prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement. These inputs reflect management’s own assumptions about the assumptions a market participant would use in pricing the asset or liability.

 
F-69

 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
Assets and liabilities valued at their fair recurrent value as of December 31, 2008 are as follows:
 
   
Fair value measurements on a recurring basis as of
December 31, 2008
 
Description
 
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
   
Total
 
Assets
                       
Government and private securities
    2,967,235       1,561,364             4,528,599  
Other receivables from financial transactions
    9,734       27,230             36,964  
                                 
Liabilities
                               
Other liabilities from financial transactions
    1,606,394       67,056             1,673,450  

(ii)   
In December 1991, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 107, “Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments” (SFAS No. 107). This pronouncement became effective for fiscal years ended after December 15, 1992 and requires disclosure of fair value information about financial instruments, whether or not recognized on the balance sheet, for which it is practicable to estimate fair value.
 
SFAS No. 107 defines a financial instrument as cash, evidence of an ownership in an entity, or a contract that either conveys or imposes on an entity the contractual right or obligation to either receive or deliver cash or another financial instrument. Fair value is defined as the amount at which a financial instrument could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties, other than in a forced sale or liquidation, and is best evidenced by a quoted market price, if one exists.
 
In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair value estimation are based on the quoted market price of a financial instrument with similar characteristics, the present value of expected future cash flow, or other valuation techniques, all of which are significantly affected by the assumptions used. Although management uses its best judgment in estimating the fair value of these financial instruments, there are inherent weaknesses in any estimation technique. As a result, the fair value may not be indicative of the net realizable or liquidation value. Furthermore, minor changes in the assumptions used could have a significant impact on the resulting estimated fair values.
 
In addition, disclosure of fair values is not required for non-financial assets and liabilities such as property and equipment, sundry assets and intangible assets and anticipated future business. As a result, the following fair values do not reflect the underlying value of the Bank.
 
A significant portion of the Bank’s assets and liabilities are in short-term financial instruments, with a remaining maturity of under one year, and/or with variable rates. These short-term and variable-rate financial instruments are considered to have a fair value equivalent to their carrying value at the balance sheet date.
 
For financial instruments with remaining maturity over one year and with fixed-rates, and therefore not included above, the following methods and assumptions were used to estimate their fair value:
 
Government and private securities
 
§  
Listed-Investment accounts: fair value for these securities is based upon quoted market prices (if available) at December 31, 2008 and 2007.
 
§  
Unlisted government securities: fair value for these securities was taken to be equal to the present value of future cash flows discounted at the average year-end market interest rates for securities of similar interest rate, credit risk and maturity.
 

 
F-70


 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
Loans and assets subject to financial leasing
 
Fair value is estimated by discounting future cash flows using the current rates at which loans would be made to borrowers with similar credit ratings and for the same remaining maturities, considering the contractual terms in effect as of December 31, 2008 and 2007.
 
Other receivables from financial transactions
 
§  
Forward purchases of Government securities under repurchase agreements with holdings in investment accounts: fair value for these receivables were based upon quoted market prices (if available) at December 31, 2008 and 2007 of the securities to be received after the fiscal year-end.
 
§  
Unlisted corporate bonds: fair value for these securities was taken to be equal to the present value of future cash flows discounted at the average year-end market interest rates for securities of similar interest rate, credit risk and maturity.
 
Deposits
 
As a significant portion of the Bank’s deposits as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 (more than 99% considering the contractual terms in effect as of such date) have a remaining maturity of under one year, they were considered to have a fair value equivalent to their carrying value at the balance sheet date.
 
Other liabilities from financial transactions
 
As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, the majority of these operations have a variable interest rate or a maturity less than a year; in these cases the Bank considers that the fair value is the same that the carrying value at the balance sheet date.
 
Off-Balance sheet
 
Commitments to extend credit, standby letter of credit, guarantees granted and foreign trade acceptances (see Note 19.18.).
 
It is estimated that the differential, if any, between the fee charged, which is equivalent to the carrying amount, by the Bank for these transactions and the average December 31, 2008 and 2007 market fee would not give rise to a material variance from the carrying amount.
 
 
F-71

 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
 
The following is a summary of carrying amounts and estimated fair values of financial instruments at December 31, 2008 and 2007:
 
   
December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
Carrying
Amount
   
Estimated
Fair Value
   
Carrying
Amount
   
Estimated
Fair Value
 
Financial assets
                       
Cash and due from banks
    4,243,080       4,243,080       3,169,314       3,169,314  
Government and private securities (1)
    5,233,660       4,528,599       5,181,253       5,058,580  
Loans (2)
    12,507,489       11,122,671       11,390,121       10,856,600  
Other receivables from financial transactions (3)
    2,442,925       2,445,805       956,184       961,045  
Assets subject to financial leasing
    379,120       379,120       323,522       323,522  
Investments in other companies
    96,640       96,640       77,986       77,986  
      24,902,914       22,825,915       21,098,380       20,447,047  
Financial liabilities
                               
Deposits
    17,079,203       17,079,203       15,009,758       15,009,758  
Other liabilities from financial transactions (3)
    3,135,153       3,132,891       1,750,021       1,755,344  
      20,214,356       20,212,094       16,759,779       16,765,102  
_________________
(1)  
Includes the effect described in Note 20.5.
(2)  
Includes the effects described in Notes 20.4.2., 20.4.3. and 20.4.4.
(3)  
Includes the effects described in Notes 20.16.

20.15.  
Goodwill
 
§  
On May 4, 1998, the General and Special Stockholder’s Meeting approved (to be effective on April 30, 1998) the reversal of the shares issuance premium in the amount of 428,661 related to the capital increase with face value 25,000 thousand paid in on December 19, 1997, and bearing up to 428,661 of the Business Goodwill from the acquisition of 71.754% of the capital stock of Banco de Crédito Argentino S.A. The mentioned reversal is not allowed in accordance with US. GAAP. Under US. GAAP, the Bank should recognize the issuance premium under “Issuance premiums” and capitalize the related amount under Intangible Assets.
 
The effect of adjustments required to state such amounts in accordance with U.S. GAAP would have increased assets by 254,882 at December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006.
 
§  
On May 13, 1999, BBVA (majority owner of BBVA Banco Francés) acquired CB and Atuel Fideicomisos S.A. and on September, 13, 1999, BBVA sold its interests in both companies to BBVA Banco Francés. For the difference between the definitive price of the transaction and the incorporation value of both companies, the Bank recognized goodwill and amortized it in proportion to the months of estimated useful life (120-month period). Under U.S. GAAP, the Bank would be required to account for the acquisition of the mentioned companies at BBVA’s book balance. Had U.S. GAAP been applied, the Bank’s assets would have increased by 54,695, 42,495 and 35,866 at December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Additionally, the income would have increased by 12,200, 6,629 and 6,630 for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
 
§  
SFAS No. 142 “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets” requires, effective January 1, 2002, that goodwill is no longer amortized, but is subject to impairment test annually or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset may be impaired. In 2001 the Bank had recognized an impairment loss and wrote off the entire balance of the U.S. GAAP goodwill. Had U.S. GAAP been applied, the Bank’s assets would have decreased by 309,577 as of December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
 

F-72

 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos

 
 
20.16.  
Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
 
In June 1998, the U.S. Financial Accounting Standards Board issued SFAS No. 133 “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities”. This statement, as subsequently amended by SFAS No. 137, 138 and 149 is required to be adopted for reporting under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles for all fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2000.
 
SFAS No. 133 establishes accounting and reporting standards for derivative instruments, including certain derivative instruments embedded in other contracts (collectively referred to as derivatives) and for hedging activities. It requires that an entity recognize all derivatives as either assets or liabilities in the statement of financial position and measure those instruments at fair value. If certain conditions are met, a derivative may be specifically designated as (a) a hedge of the exposure to changes in the fair value of a recognized asset or liability or an unrecognized firm commitment, (b) a hedge of the exposure to variable cash flows of a forecasted transaction, or (c) a hedge of the foreign currency exposure of a net investment in a foreign operation, an unrecognized firm commitment, an available for sale security, or a foreign currency denominated forecasted transaction.
 
Among other provisions, SFAS No. 133 requires that for a transaction to qualify for special hedge accounting treatment the transaction must meet specific test of effectiveness and all hedge ineffectiveness is required to be reported currently in computation of net income. SFAS No. 133 further requires the identification of assets, liabilities or anticipated transactions being hedged and periodic revaluation of such hedged positions to reflect the changes in market value of risk being hedged. SFAS No. 133 further expands the definition of derivatives to include certain contacts or provisions commonly embedded in contracts or financial instruments and require that such derivatives be reported at fair value.
 
Had US GAAP been applied, the assets and liabilities would have increased by 5,474 and 4,292, respectively, at December 31, 2008 and by 4,861 and 8,300, respectively, at December 31, 2007. On the other hand, income for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 would have increased by 4,621 and would have decreased by 3,439 at December 31, 2007.
 
In Note 19.18., it is explained in detail the derivate instruments used by the Bank and the valuation methods of these instruments were explained in Notes 3.4.8. and 3.4.14.
 
20.17.  
Allowance for other contingencies
 
The Bank maintained reserves accounted in Allowance for other contingencies valued in accordance with the accounting standards established by BCRA (see Note 3.4.18.). These reserves have been reversed on fiscal year 2007 under BCRA rules.
 
The effects of adjustments required to state such amounts in accordance with SFAS No. 5, “Accounting for Contingencies”, would have decreased income for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 by 44,818.
 
 
F-73


 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 

 
20.18.  
Set forth below are the significant adjustments to consolidated net income and consolidated stockholders’ equity which would have been required if U.S. GAAP had been applied instead of BCRA’s rules:
 
         
Consolidated Net Income
December 31,
 
   
Ref.
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
Net income as stated
          321,510       235,049       180,037  
Deferred taxes
    20.1       (738,208 )     (495,028 )     (360,391 )
Allowances on deferred tax assets
    20.1       331,511       328,508       325,939  
Loan origination and issuance credit card’s fees
    20.2       (38,292 )     (9,835 )     (15,587 )
Intangible assets
    20.3       6,828       4,548       5,518  
Impaired loans-Non Financial Private Sector and residents abroad loans
    20.4.2       (14,419 )     36,985       20,676  
Federal Government secured loans
    20.4.3       124,936       216,809       350,286  
Loans-Non-Financial Provincial Governmental Sector and other governmental
                               
sector agencies
    20.4.4                   149,012  
Government and private securities valuation
    20.5       660,761       148,615       55,710  
Gain contingencies
    20.6       58,322       285,710       222,647  
Investment in other companies
    20.7       (11,403 )     (5,974 )     (3,068 )
Vacation expense
    20.8       36,806       (11,588 )     (3,565 )
Provision related to insurance activities
    20.13.1             230,194       (21,155 )
Technical Commitments
    20.13.2       159,908       (13,285 )     20,036  
Goodwill
    20.15       12,200       6,629       6,630  
Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
    20.16       4,621       (3,439 )      
Allowance for other contingencies
    20.17             (44,818 )     44,818  
Net income in accordance with U.S. GAAP
            915,081       909,080       977,543  
Net income per share in accordance with U.S. GAAP
            1.94       1.93       2.07  
Weighted average number of shares Outstanding (in thousands)
            471,361       471,361       471,361  
 
 
         
Consolidated Stockholders' Equity
December 31,
 
   
Ref.
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
Stockholders' equity as stated
          2,076,024       2,056,837       1,954,584  
Deferred taxes
    20.1       131,712       525,581       969,673  
Allowances on deferred tax assets
    20.1       180,085       (151,426 )     (479,934 )
Loan origination and issuance credit card’s fees
    20.2       (86,765 )     (48,473 )     (38,638 )
Intangible assets
    20.3       4       (6,824 )     (11,372 )
Impaired loans-Non Financial Private Sector and residents abroad loans
    20.4.2       92,811       107,230       70,245  
Federal Government secured loans
    20.4.3       (217,469 )     (342,405 )     (559,214 )
Government and private securities valuation
    20.5       (216,190 )     (31,448 )     (77,328 )
Gain contingencies
    20.6       (19,855 )     (78,177 )     (363,887 )
Investment in other companies
    20.7       (39,211 )     (27,808 )     (21,834 )
Vacation expense
    20.8       (23,176 )     (59,982 )     (48,394 )
Provision related to insurance activities
    20.13.1                   (230,194 )
Technical Commitments
    20.13.2       176,773       16,865       30,150  
Goodwill
    20.15             (12,200 )     (18,829 )
Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
    20.16       1,182       (3,439 )      
Allowance for other contingencies
    20.17                   44,818  
Consolidated Stockholders’ equity in accordance with U.S. GAAP
            2,055,925       1,944,331       1,219,846  
 
 
Had U.S. GAAP been applied, the amounts of the assets and liabilities would have been as follows:
 
    December 31,        
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
Assets
    27,199,899       23,266,358       19,230,659  
Liabilities
    25,143,974       21,322,027       18,010,813  
 

 
F-74

 

 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
 
20.19.  
The following presents the consolidated statement of operations adjusted to reflect the application of U.S. GAAP using the BCRA’s format:
 
   
Consolidated Net Income
 
   
December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
Financial income
    3,098,480       2,012,758       2,028,677  
Financial expenses
    (1,196,657 )     (681,573 )     (568,345 )
Allowances for doubtful loans
    (51,127 )     (25,277 )     (49,450 )
Service charge income
    1,144,776       1,172,832       900,764  
Service charge expenses
    (240,631 )     (158,927 )     (110,199 )
Operating expenses
    (1,363,972 )     (1,127,325 )     (920,608 )
Other income
    1,218,906       1,650,388       1,129,778  
Other expenses
    (1,068,055 )     (911,425 )     (942,073 )
Income before income tax
    1,541,720       1,931,451       1,468,544  
Income Tax
    (600,156 )     (776,528 )     (383,391 )
Tax on minimum presumed income
    (31,270 )     (50,394 )     (71,680 )
Net income
    910,294       1,104,529       1,013,473  
Income / (Loss) on minority interest in subsidiaries
    4,787       (195,449 )     (35,930 )
Total consolidated income
    915,081       909,080       977,543  
Comprehensive income
                       
Net income in accordance with U.S. GAAP
    915,081       909,080       977,543  
Other comprehensive (loss) / income, net of tax (1) (2)
    (639,487 )     (94,595 )     23,035  
Comprehensive net income in accordance with U.S. GAAP
    275,594       814,485       1,000,578  

(1)  
See Note 20.20.
(2)  
The minority interest represents the effect of the U.S. GAAP adjustments in the Group's consolidated subsidiaries (see Note 2.1.).
 
 
20.20.  
Set forth below are the related tax effects allocated to each component of other comprehensive income (loss) and the accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) balances, as of December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006:
 
Tax effects on Other Comprehensive (Loss) / Income
 
   
December 31, 2008
   
December 31, 2007
   
December 31, 2006
 
   
Before Tax
Amount
   
Tax
(Expense)
or Benefit
   
Net of Tax Amount
   
Before Tax
Amount
   
Tax
(Expense)
or Benefit
   
Net of Tax Amount
   
Before Tax
Amount
   
Tax
(Expense)
or Benefit
   
Net of Tax Amount
 
                                                       
Unrealized gains/(losses) on securities
    (983,826 )     344,339       (639,487 )     (145,531 )     50,936       (94,595 )     35,439       (12,404 )     23,035  
                                                                         
Other comprehensive income gain/(loss)
    (983,826 )     344,339       (639,487 )     (145,531 )     50,936       (94,595 )     35,439       (12,404 )     23,035  
                                                                         
 

F-75

 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
 
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income / (Loss) balances
 
   
December 31, 2008
   
December 31, 2007
   
December 31, 2006
 
   
Foreign Currency
Items
   
Unrealized
Gains/
(Losses) on securities
   
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income/(Loss)
   
Foreign Currency
Items
   
Unrealized
Gains/
(Losses) on securities
   
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income/(Loss)
   
Foreign Currency
Items
   
Unrealized
Gains/
(Losses) on securities
   
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income/(Loss)
 
                                                       
Beginning balance
          (78,186 )     (78,186 )           16,409       16,409             (6,626 )     (6,626 )
                                                                         
Current-fiscal year change
          (639,487 )     (639,487 )           (94,595 )     (94,595 )           23,035       23,035  
                                                                         
Ending balance
          (717,673 )     (717,673 )           (78,186 )     (78,186 )           16,409       16,409  
 
 
20.21.  
Cash flows information
 
As explained in Note 3.4.21., under BCRA’s rules, the Bank considers certain investments securities held for trading or financial transactions and loans to financial sector as cash equivalents. These cash equivalents include some investments with original maturities greater than three months which would not qualify as cash equivalents under SFAS No. 95 “Statements of Cash Flows” as they were acquired when they had maturities over three months. In any case, all investments that would qualify as cash equivalents are required to be treated as cash equivalents under US GAAP, in this respect, for US GAAP purpose, the Bank has always considered that highly liquid investments are treated as investments rather than cash equivalents as permitted by paragraph 10 of SFAS No. 95.
 
For purposes of the accompanying statement of cash flows the Bank considers, under SFAS No. 95 “Statements of Cash Flows”, cash and due from banks to be cash and cash equivalents.
 
The following supplemental cash flow information separately presents the effect of exchange rate changes on cash.
 
   
December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the fiscal year
    4,243,080       3,169,314       2,558,484  
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the fiscal year
    3,169,314       2,558,484       1,611,506  
Increase in cash and cash equivalents
    1,073,766       610,830       946,978  
CAUSES OF CHANGES IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
                       
Cash provided by operating activities
    1,549,155       375,222       1,102,921  
Cash used in investing activities
    161,650       167,392       2,183,393  
Cash (used in) / provided by financing activities
    (192,607 )     428,836       2,039,496  
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash
    121,132       25,836       12,046  
Increase in cash and cash equivalents
    1,073,766       610,830       946,978  

 

F-76

 
 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 
 
Set forth below is the reconciliation of net income to net cash flow from operating activities, as required by SFAS No. 95 “Statement of Cash Flows”:
 
   
December 31,
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
                   
Net gain for the fiscal year
    321,510       235,049       180,037  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operating activities:
                       
Amortization and depreciation
    196,784       392,998       333,045  
Provision for loan losses and special reserves, net of reversals
    69,036       (223,362 )     350,185  
Net income for government and private securities
                (559,877 )
Foreign exchange differences
                (78,666 )
Minority interests in subsidiaries
    (2,801 )     19,541       39,016  
Deferred taxes
    31,270       50,394       116,016  
Equity (loss) of unconsolidated subsidiaries
    (15,622 )     (3,042 )     (19,834 )
Net (increase) / decrease in interest receivable and payable and other accrued income and expenses
    948,978       (96,356 )     743,106  
Net cash provided by operating activities
    1,549,155       375,222       1,102,921  

 
20.22.  
New accounting pronouncements (U.S. GAAP)
 
a)    Non-controlling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements

In December 2007, the SFAS issued Statement No. 160 “Non-controlling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements” (an amendment of ARB No. 51).
 
From the issue of the SFAS No. 160 the companies that present Consolidated Financial Statements will have to report the minority interest inside the stockholders equity but separated from the stockholders equity of the parent. In the same form the entities will have to present the information in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
 
This new pronouncement also foresees that if a parent retains a non-controlling equity investment in the former subsidiary, that investment is measured at its fair value.
 
Likewise, on the occasion of the major degree of detail that this Statement demands, it will have present a reconciliation between the stockholders equity to the beginning and to the end of each fiscal year and a scheme showing the effects for the changes in the participation of the parent.
 
This Statement is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning on or after December 15, 2008 (that is, January 1, 2009, for entities with calendar year-ends). Earlier adoption is prohibited.
 
The Bank does not anticipate that the adoption of this new statement at the required effective date will have a significant effect in its results of operations, financial position or cash flows.
 


F-77


 
BBVA BANCO FRANCES S.A. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
Stated in thousands of Pesos
 

b)    Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities

In March 2008, the SFAS issued Statement No. 161 “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities” (an amendment of SFAS No. 133).
 
The new standard is intended to improve financial reporting about derivative instruments and hedging activities by requiring enhanced disclosures to enable investors to better understand their effects on an entity’s financial position, financial performance, and cash flows.  The new standard also improves transparency about the location and amounts of derivative instruments in an entity’s financial statements; how derivative instruments and related hedged items are accounted for under Statement No. 133; and how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect its financial position, financial performance, and cash flows.
 
SFAS No. 161 achieves these improvements by requiring disclosure of the fair values of derivative instruments and their gains and losses in a tabular format. It also provides more information about an entity’s liquidity by requiring disclosure of derivative features that are credit risk–related. Finally, it requires cross-referencing within footnotes to enable financial statement users to locate important information about derivative instruments.
 
This Statement is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008, with early application encouraged.
 
The Bank does not anticipate that the adoption of this new statement at the required effective date will have a significant effect in its results of operations, financial position or cash flows.
 
c)    Business Combinations

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141 (Revised 2007) “Business Combinations”. This statement replaces SFAS No. 141 “Business Combinations”, but retains its fundamental requirements that the acquisition method of accounting be used for all business combinations and for an acquirer to be identified for each business combination.
 
This statement requires an acquirer to recognize the assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree at the acquisition date, measured at their fair values as of that date; it requires acquisition-related and expected restructuring costs to be recognized separately from the acquisition. It also requires the acquirer in a step acquisition to recognize the identifiable assets and liabilities, as well as the noncontrolling interest in the acquiree, at the full amounts of their fair values.
 
This statement requires an acquirer to recognize assets acquired and liabilities assumed arising from contractual and noncontractual contingencies as of the acquisition date, measured at their acquisition-date fair values (the latter only if it is more likely than not that they meet the definition of an asset or a liability). It requires the acquirer to recognize contingent consideration at the acquisition date, measured at its fair value at that date; and it requires the acquirer to recognize any negative goodwill as a gain attributable to the acquirer.
 
Finally, this statement makes significant amendments to other statements and other authoritative guidance, related to the accounting for acquired in-process research and development and changes in an acquirer’s valuation allowance on its previously existing deferred tax assets. This statement applies prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. An entity may not apply it before that date.
 
The Bank expects that adoption of this statement will not significantly affect the way for which its future business combinations will be accounted.
 
d)    Accounting for Financial Guarantee Insurance Contracts

In May 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 163 “Accounting for Financial Guarantee Insurance Contracts”. This Statement is applicable only for stock life insurance enterprises and property and liability insurance enterprises.
 
Hence, the statement will not have an impact on its operations
 
 
F-78


§
Index to Exhibits:
 
Exhibit
Number
 
Description
1.1
 
Amended and Restated By-Laws (Estatutos) of BBVA Banco Francés S.A. (*)
     
1.2
 
English translation of the Amended and Restated By-Laws (Estatutos) of BBVA Banco Francés S.A. (*)
     
8.1
 
Subsidiaries of the Company
     
12.1
 
Section 302 Certification of Chief Executive Officer
     
12.2
 
Section 302 Certification of Chief Financial Officer
     
13.1
 
Section 906 Certification
     

(*)
Incorporated by reference to the BBVA Banco Francés Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2005 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 29, 2006.