SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Form 6-K
Report of Foreign Issuer
Pursuant to Rule 13a-16 or 15d-16 of
the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934
for the period ended 28 July
2009
BP p.l.c.
(Translation of registrant's name into English)
1 ST JAMES'S SQUARE, LONDON, SW1Y 4PD, ENGLAND
(Address of principal executive offices)
Indicate by check mark whether the
registrant files or will file annual
reports under cover Form 20-F or Form 40-F.
Form 20-F
|X| Form 40-F
---------------
----------------
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant by furnishing the
information
contained in this Form is also thereby furnishing
the information to the
Commission pursuant to Rule 12g3-2(b) under the Securities
Exchange Act of
1934.
Yes
No |X|
---------------
----------------
Top of page 1
BP p.l.c. Group results
Second quarter and half
year
2009(a) |
London 28 July 2009
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
Second |
First |
Second |
|||||
quarter |
quarter |
quarter |
First half |
||||
2008 |
2009 |
2009 |
2009 |
2008 |
% |
||
$ million |
|||||||
9,358 |
2,562 |
4,385 |
Profit for the period(b) |
6,947 |
16,452 |
||
Inventory holding (gains) |
|
||||||
(2,612) |
(175) |
(1,245) |
losses, net of tax |
(1,420) |
(3,475) |
||
6,746 |
2,387 |
3,140 |
Replacement cost profit |
5,527 |
12,977 |
(57)% |
|
35.83 |
12.75 |
16.76 |
- per ordinary share (cents) |
29.51 |
68.84 |
(57)% |
|
2.15 |
0.77 |
1.01 |
- per ADS (dollars) |
1.77 |
4.13 |
· |
BP's second quarter replacement cost profit was $3,140 million, compared with $6,746 million a year ago, a decrease of 53%. For the half year, replacement cost profit was $5,527 million compared with $12,977 million a year ago, down 57%. |
· |
Non-operating items and fair value accounting effects for the second quarter had a net $202 million favourable impact compared to a net $1,775 million unfavourable impact in the second quarter of 2008. For the half year, the respective amounts were $8 million favourable and $1,779 million unfavourable - see further details on page 2. |
· |
Finance costs and net finance income or expense relating to pensions and other post-retirement benefits were $321 million for the second quarter, compared to $221 million for the same period last year. For the half year, the respective amounts were $689 million and $467 million. The net increase in cost was primarily due to a reduction in the expected return on pension plan assets. |
· |
The effective tax rate on replacement cost profit for the second quarter and half year was 35% and 36% respectively, the same as a year ago. |
· |
Net cash provided by operating activities for the quarter and half year was $6.8 billion and $12.3 billion compared with $6.7 billion and $17.6 billion respectively a year ago. |
· |
Net debt at the end of the quarter was $27.1 billion. The ratio of net debt to net debt plus equity was 22% compared with 20% a year ago. |
· |
Total capital expenditure for the second quarter and half year was $4.8 billion and $9.4 billion respectively. Capital expenditure, excluding acquisitions and asset exchanges, is expected to be less than $20 billion for the year. Disposal proceeds were $0.7 billion for the quarter and $1.0 billion for the half year. |
· |
The quarterly dividend, to be paid in September, is 14 cents per share ($0.84 per ADS), the same as a year ago. In sterling terms, the quarterly dividend is 8.503 pence per share, compared with 7.039 pence per share a year ago, an increase of 21%. |
(a) |
This results announcement also represents BP's half-yearly financial report for the purposes of the Disclosure and Transparency Rules made by the UK Financial Services Authority. In this context: (i) the condensed set of financial statements can be found on pages 10 - 15 and 19 - 23; (ii) pages 1 - 8, 16 - 18 and 24 - 26 comprise the interim management report; and (iii) the directors' responsibility statement and auditors' independent review report can be found on page 9. |
(b) |
Profit attributable to BP shareholders. |
The commentaries above and following are based on replacement cost profit and should be read in conjunction with the cautionary statement on page 8. |
Top of page 2
Analysis of replacement cost profit before interest and tax and reconciliation to profit for the period
Second |
First |
Second |
||||
quarter |
quarter |
quarter |
First half |
|||
2008 |
2009 |
2009 |
2009 |
2008 |
||
$ million |
||||||
10,771 |
4,320 |
5,046 |
Exploration and Production |
9,366 |
20,843 |
|
539 |
1,090 |
680 |
Refining and Marketing |
1,770 |
1,788 |
|
(314) |
(761) |
(583) |
Other businesses and corporate |
(1,344) |
(527) |
|
(221) |
(405) |
76 |
Consolidation adjustment(a) |
(329) |
(1,005) |
|
10,775 |
4,244 |
5,219 |
RC profit before interest and tax(b) |
9,463 |
21,099 |
|
Finance costs and net finance income |
|
|||||
or expense relating to pensions and |
||||||
(221) |
(368) |
(321) |
other post-retirement benefits |
(689) |
(467) |
|
(3,696) |
(1,454) |
(1,714) |
Taxation on a replacement cost basis |
(3,168) |
(7,425) |
|
(112) |
(35) |
(44) |
Minority interest |
(79) |
(230) |
|
Replacement cost profit attributable |
||||||
6,746 |
2,387 |
3,140 |
to BP shareholders |
5,527 |
12,977 |
|
3,952 |
254 |
1,874 |
Inventory holding gains (losses) |
2,128 |
5,278 |
|
Taxation (charge) credit on inventory |
||||||
(1,340) |
(79) |
(629) |
holding gains and losses |
(708) |
(1,803) |
|
Profit for the period attributable to BP |
||||||
9,358 |
2,562 |
4,385 |
shareholders |
6,947 |
16,452 |
(a) |
The consolidation adjustment for the first quarter of 2009 was the outcome of higher margins and volumes. |
(b) |
Replacement cost profit reflects the replacement cost of supplies. For further information see page 15. |
Total of non-operating items and fair value accounting effects(a)(b)
Second |
First |
Second |
||||
quarter |
quarter |
quarter |
First half |
|||
2008 |
2009 |
2009 |
2009 |
2008 |
||
$ million |
||||||
(2,349) |
469 |
642 |
Exploration and Production |
1,111 |
(2,984) |
|
(260) |
(459) |
(292) |
Refining and Marketing |
(751) |
450 |
|
(123) |
(321) |
(39) |
Other businesses and corporate |
(360) |
(204) |
|
(2,732) |
(311) |
311 |
|
- |
(2,738) |
|
957 |
117 |
(109) |
Taxation credit (charge)(c) |
8 |
959 |
|
(1,775) |
(194) |
202 |
8 |
(1,779) |
(a) |
An analysis of non-operating items by type is provided on page 16 and an analysis by region is shown on pages 5, 7 and 8. |
(b) |
Information on fair value accounting effects is non-GAAP. For further details, see page 17. |
(c) |
Tax is calculated using the quarter's effective tax rate on replacement cost profit . |
Top of page 3
Per share amounts
Second |
First |
Second |
||||
quarter |
quarter |
quarter |
First half |
|||
2008 |
2009 |
2009 |
2009 |
2008 |
||
Per ordinary share (cents) (a) |
||||||
49.70 |
13.69 |
23.41 |
Profit for the period |
|
37.10 |
87.28 |
35.83 |
12.75 |
16.76 |
RC profit for the period |
29.51 |
68.84 |
|
Per ADS (dollars) (a) |
||||||
2.98 |
0.82 |
1.40 |
Profit for the period |
2.23 |
5.23 |
|
2.15 |
0.77 |
1.01 |
RC profit for the period |
1.77 |
4.13 |
(a) |
See Note 4 on page 21 for details of the calculation of earnings per share. |
Net debt ratio - net debt: net debt + equity
Second |
First |
Second |
||||
quarter |
quarter |
quarter |
First half |
|||
2008 |
2009 |
2009 |
2009 |
2008 |
||
$ million |
||||||
30,189 |
34,698 |
36,240 |
Gross debt |
36,240 |
30,189 |
|
Less: fair value asset (liability) of |
|
|||||
900 |
(323) |
179 |
hedges related to finance debt |
179 |
900 |
|
29,289 |
35,021 |
36,061 |
36,061 |
29,289 |
||
3,593 |
8,360 |
8,959 |
Cash and cash equivalents |
8,959 |
3,593 |
|
25,696 |
26,661 |
27,102 |
Net debt |
27,102 |
25,696 |
|
105,965 |
91,179 |
96,949 |
Equity |
96,949 |
105,965 |
|
20% |
23% |
22% |
Net debt ratio |
22% |
20% |
Net debt and net debt ratio are non-GAAP
measures. Net debt includes the fair value of associated derivative financial
instruments that are used to hedge foreign exchange and interest rate risks relating to
finance debt, for which hedge accounting is claimed. The derivatives are reported on the
balance sheet within the headings 'Derivative financial instruments'. We believe that
net debt and net debt ratio provide useful information to investors. Net debt enables
investors to see the economic effect of gross debt, related hedges and cash and cash
equivalents in total. The net debt ratio enables investors to see how significant net debt
is relative to equity from shareholders.
Dividends
Dividends payable
BP today announced a dividend of 14
cents per ordinary share to be paid in September. Holders of ordinary shares will receive
8.503 pence per share and holders of American Depositary Receipts $0.84 per ADS. The
dividend is payable on 8 September 2009 to shareholders on the register on 14 August 2009.
Participants in the Dividend Reinvestment Plan (DRIP) or the DRIP facility in the US Direct
Access Plan will receive the dividend in the form of shares, also on 8 September
2009.
Dividends paid |
||||||
Second |
First |
Second |
||||
quarter |
quarter |
quarter |
First half |
|||
2008 |
2009 |
2009 |
2009 |
2008 |
||
Dividends paid per ordinary share |
|
|||||
13.525 |
14.000 |
14.000 |
cents |
28.000 |
27.050 |
|
6.830 |
9.818 |
9.584 |
pence |
19.402 |
13.643 |
|
81.15 |
84.00 |
84.00 |
Dividends paid per ADS (cents) |
168.00 |
162.30 |
Top of page 4
Exploration and Production
Second |
First |
Second |
||||
quarter |
quarter |
quarter |
First half |
|||
2008 |
2009 |
2009 |
2009 |
2008 |
||
$ million |
||||||
10,819 |
4,286 |
5,062 |
Profit before interest and tax(a) |
9,348 |
20,873 |
|
(48) |
34 |
(16) |
Inventory holding (gains) losses |
18 |
(30) |
|
Replacement cost profit before |
|
|||||
10,771 |
4,320 |
5,046 |
interest and tax |
9,366 |
20,843 |
|
By region |
||||||
3,601 |
1,143 |
1,161 |
US |
2,304 |
6,686 |
|
7,170 |
3,177 |
3,885 |
Non-US |
7,062 |
14,157 |
|
10,771 |
4,320 |
5,046 |
9,366 |
20,843 |
(a) |
Includes profit after interest and tax of equity-accounted entities. |
The replacement cost profit before
interest and tax for the second quarter and half year was $5,046 million and $9,366 million
respectively, decreases of 53% and 55% compared to the same periods in 2008. The decreases
in both periods were primarily due to lower realizations and lower earnings from
equity-accounted entities, primarily TNK-BP due to lower prices and the effect of lagged
tax reference prices. Additionally, the results for both periods reflected higher
depreciation but benefited from the impact of higher reported volumes and lower costs, with
unit production costs 12% lower than in the second quarter of 2008.
In addition, the second quarter and half
year benefited from net non-operating gains of $507 million and $818 million respectively,
primarily related to gains on the sale of operations and fair value gains on embedded
derivatives. The corresponding periods in 2008 included net non-operating losses of $1,976
million and $2,352 million respectively. In the second quarter and half year, fair value
accounting effects had favourable impacts of $135 million and $293 million respectively
compared with unfavourable impacts of $373 million and $632 million in the same periods of
last year.
Reported production for the quarter was
4,005mboe/d, more than 4% higher than the second quarter of 2008. After adjusting for
entitlement impacts in our production-sharing agreements (PSAs) and the effect of OPEC
quota restrictions, the increase was also 4%. This primarily reflects the continued ramp-up
of production from major projects that started up in 2008 and the first half of 2009. As
previously indicated we expect production in 2009 to be higher than 2008. The actual growth
rate will depend on a number of factors including the impact of oil price in PSAs and OPEC
quota restrictions. We expect the quarterly phasing of underlying production during the
year to reflect the normal seasonal effects associated with turnaround activity. Reported
production for the half year was 4,011mboe/d, more than 3% higher than the same period of
2008. After adjusting for the effect of entitlement changes in our PSAs and the effect of
OPEC quota restrictions, production was 4% higher.
During the quarter we announced that
production had commenced from the Dorado (BP 75% and operator) and King South (BP 100%)
projects in the Gulf of Mexico. Both projects are subsea tiebacks to the existing
Marlin Platform.
On 27 May, Sonangol and BP announced the
Oberon oil discovery in ultra-deepwater Block 31, offshore Angola (BP 26.67% and
operator). This is the eighteenth discovery made by BP in Block 31.
In Egypt, the Egyptian Natural Gas
Holding Company awarded BP two blocks in the 2008 International bid round. North Tineh
Offshore is in a deepwater offshore area of the Nile Delta, will be operated by BP (100%)
and was ratified in June. North Damietta Offshore is an adjacent block that BP will
operate with Shell and Petronas, with one third working interest each. In Iraq's first
licensing round on 30 June, BP (operator) and China National Petroleum
Corporation were awarded the rights to redevelop the Rumaila
oilfield.
During the quarter, we sold our
wholly-owned subsidiary, BP West Java Limited (BPWJ), to PT Pertamina (Persero). Pertamina
purchased BPWJ for a consideration of $278 million.
Shortly after the end of the quarter,
BP, as operator on behalf of the Tangguh project partners, announced that the first cargo
of liquefied natural gas (LNG) had been lifted from the Tangguh LNG project (BP 37.16% and
operator) in Papua Barat, Indonesia. We also announced, together with SOCAR (the
State Oil Company of the Republic of Azerbaijan), that we have signed a memorandum of
understanding to jointly explore and develop the Shafag and Asiman structures in the
Azerbaijan sector of the Caspian Sea. In the Gulf of Mexico we announced the
drilling of a successful appraisal well in a previously untested southern segment of the
Mad Dog field (BP 60.5% and operator).
Finally, in line
with UK regulatory requirements, the following is a summary of the principal
disclosures made in our first-quarter results announcement. In the Gulf of Mexico,
production from Thunder Horse continued to ramp up as wells in Thunder Horse North came
onstream. In Russia, TNK-BP announced that it had commenced commercial production from
the Urna and Ust-Tegus fields in the Uvat area of the Tyumen region.
Offshore Angola, Sonangol and BP announced the Leda oil discovery in ultra-deepwater
Block 31 (BP 26.67% and operator).
Top of page 5
Exploration and Production
Second |
First |
Second |
||||
quarter |
quarter |
quarter |
First half |
|||
2008 |
2009 |
2009 |
2009 |
2008 |
||
$ million |
||||||
Non-operating items |
||||||
(8) |
71 |
118 |
US |
189 |
(16) |
|
(1,968) |
240 |
389 |
Non-US |
|
629 |
(2,336) |
(1,976) |
311 |
507 |
818 |
(2,352) |
||
Fair value accounting effects(a) |
||||||
(236) |
208 |
92 |
US |
300 |
(378) |
|
(137) |
(50) |
43 |
Non-US |
(7) |
(254) |
|
(373) |
158 |
135 |
293 |
(632) |
||
Exploration expense |
||||||
47 |
44 |
235 |
US |
279 |
119 |
|
71 |
75 |
112 |
Non-US |
187 |
292 |
|
118 |
119 |
347 |
466 |
411 |
||
Production (net of royalties) (b) |
||||||
Liquids (mb/d) (net of royalties) (c) |
||||||
534 |
643 |
661 |
US |
652 |
544 |
|
226 |
212 |
201 |
Europe |
206 |
230 |
|
825 |
822 |
837 |
Russia |
830 |
821 |
|
823 |
827 |
827 |
Rest of World |
827 |
836 |
|
2,408 |
2,504 |
2,526 |
2,515 |
2,431 |
||
Natural gas (mmcf/d) (net of royalties) |
||||||
2,140 |
2,335 |
2,339 |
US |
2,337 |
2,144 |
|
744 |
838 |
645 |
Europe |
741 |
870 |
|
546 |
642 |
555 |
Russia |
598 |
529 |
|
4,818 |
4,952 |
5,041 |
Rest of World |
4,997 |
4,813 |
|
8,248 |
8,767 |
8,580 |
8,673 |
8,356 |
||
Total hydrocarbons (mboe/d) (d) |
||||||
903 |
1,046 |
1,064 |
US |
1,055 |
914 |
|
354 |
357 |
312 |
Europe |
334 |
381 |
|
919 |
933 |
933 |
Russia |
933 |
913 |
|
1,654 |
1,680 |
1,696 |
Rest of World |
1,689 |
1,663 |
|
3,830 |
4,016 |
4,005 |
4,011 |
3,871 |
||
Average realizations(e) |
||||||
109.95 |
41.26 |
52.33 |
Total liquids ($/bbl) |
46.84 |
100.66 |
|
6.63 |
3.63 |
2.86 |
Natural gas ($/mcf) |
3.25 |
6.25 |
|
75.39 |
31.40 |
35.02 |
Total hydrocarbons ($/boe) |
33.22 |
68.85 |
(a) |
These effects represent the favourable (unfavourable) impact relative to management's measure of performance. Further information on fair value accounting effects is provided on page 17. |
(b) |
Includes BP's share of production of equity-accounted entities. |
(c) |
Crude oil and natural gas liquids. |
(d) |
Natural gas is converted to oil equivalent at 5.8 billion cubic feet = 1 million barrels. |
(e) |
Based on sales of consolidated subsidiaries only - this excludes equity-accounted entities. |
Because of rounding, some totals may not agree exactly with the sum of their component parts. |
Top of page 6
Refining and Marketing
Second |
First |
Second |
||||
quarter |
quarter |
quarter |
First half |
|||
2008 |
2009 |
2009 |
2009 |
2008 |
||
$ million |
||||||
4,430 |
1,417 |
2,536 |
Profit before interest and tax(a) |
3,953 |
7,003 |
|
(3,891) |
(327) |
(1,856) |
Inventory holding (gains) losses |
(2,183) |
(5,215) |
|
Replacement cost profit |
||||||
539 |
1,090 |
680 |
before interest and tax |
1,770 |
1,788 |
|
By region |
|
|||||
(401) |
308 |
(326) |
US |
(18) |
(247) |
|
940 |
782 |
1,006 |
Non-US |
1,788 |
2,035 |
|
539 |
1,090 |
680 |
1,770 |
1,788 |
(a) |
Includes profit after interest and tax of equity-accounted entities. |
The replacement cost profit before
interest and tax for the second quarter and half year was $680 million and $1,770 million
respectively. The results in the equivalent periods of 2008 were $539 million and $1,788
million. The second quarter's result included a net non-operating charge of $166 million,
compared to a net charge of $99 million a year ago. For the half year, the net
non-operating charge was $516 million, primarily relating to restructuring, compared to a
net gain of $510 million a year ago. Fair value accounting effects had unfavourable impacts
of $126 million in the second quarter and $235 million for the half year. A year ago,
there were unfavourable impacts of $161 million and $60 million
respectively.
After adjusting for non-operating items
and fair value accounting effects, both the second quarter and half-year results were
stronger than in 2008, despite a weaker refining environment. The turnaround of the segment
continues to deliver significantly lower costs. Improved operational performance has also
contributed to the year-on-year improvement, particularly for the half year. For the first
half these two factors have more than offset the adverse impact of weaker refining margins.
The first half also benefited from a much stronger supply and trading contribution, which
returned to a more normal level in the second quarter after the particularly strong
first-quarter performance. The weakening of the US dollar and the increase in crude prices
also created a gain on in-transit barrels in the second quarter.
Within our Fuels Value Chains, BP's
actual refining margins in the first half decreased even more year on year than the global
indicator margin, as our highly upgraded facilities were impacted by a very narrow
light-heavy crude spread and the collapse of gasoil cracks due to the weakening economy.
Marketing volumes of refined products were down 5% in the first half, compared to the same
period in 2008.
The International Businesses continued
to perform well with some recovery in petrochemicals margins, despite volumes that were
depressed by more than 24% in the first half compared to a year ago, and sustained delivery
in Lubricants.
Refining throughput for the quarter was
2,269mb/d compared to 2,239mb/d for the same period a year ago and for the half year it was
2,257mb/d compared to 2,202mb/d in 2008. Solomon availability, at 93.6%, was 1.3 percentage
points above the first quarter of 2009 and 5.3 percentage points higher than the second
quarter of 2008. The year-on-year increase was principally driven by improvements at
the Texas City refinery.
On 26 June, BP announced the sale of the
ground fuels marketing business in Greece, to Hellenic Petroleum for
€359 million subject to various adjustments at closing. The deal is subject to
regulatory approval and certain conditions, but is expected to complete before the end of
2009.
Indicator refining margins in the third
quarter to date have been lower than in the second quarter and substantially below 2008
levels. Refining availability is expected to remain higher than in 2008, but otherwise the
outlook continues to be challenging with high distillate inventories and continuing low
demand.
Top of page 7
Refining and Marketing
Second |
First |
Second |
||||
quarter |
quarter |
quarter |
First half |
|||
2008 |
2009 |
2009 |
2009 |
2008 |
||
$ million |
||||||
Non-operating items |
||||||
(16) |
(134) |
(27) |
US |
(161) |
758 |
|
(83) |
(216) |
(139) |
Non-US |
(355) |
(248) |
|
(99) |
(350) |
(166) |
(516) |
510 |
||
Fair value accounting effects(a) |
||||||
53 |
65 |
(46) |
US |
19 |
148 |
|
(214) |
(174) |
(80) |
Non-US |
(254) |
(208) |
|
(161) |
(109) |
(126) |
(235) |
(60) |
||
Refinery throughputs (mb/d) |
||||||
1,189 |
1,164 |
1,188 |
US |
1,176 |
1,133 |
|
753 |
783 |
763 |
Europe |
773 |
764 |
|
297 |
299 |
318 |
Rest of World |
308 |
305 |
|
2,239 |
2,246 |
2,269 |
Total throughput |
2,257 |
2,202 |
|
88.3 |
92.3 |
93.6 |
Refining availability (%) (b) |
92.9 |
88.1 |
|
Oil sales volumes (mb/d) |
|
|||||
Refined products |
||||||
1,498 |
1,402 |
1,431 |
US |
1,417 |
1,477 |
|
1,551 |
1,529 |
1,457 |
Europe |
1,493 |
1,558 |
|
716 |
617 |
634 |
Rest of World |
625 |
704 |
|
3,765 |
3,548 |
3,522 |
Total marketing sales |
3,535 |
3,739 |
|
2,017 |
2,170 |
2,085 |
Trading/supply sales |
2,127 |
2,032 |
|
5,782 |
5,718 |
5,607 |
Total refined product sales |
5,662 |
5,771 |
|
1,848 |
1,844 |
1,994 |
Crude oil |
1,919 |
1,854 |
|
7,630 |
7,562 |
7,601 |
Total oil sales |
7,581 |
7,625 |
|
Global Indicator Refining Margin ($/bbl) (c) |
||||||
7.46 |
4.67 |
3.10 |
NWE |
3.88 |
6.12 |
|
8.59 |
6.69 |
6.00 |
USGC |
6.34 |
7.40 |
|
6.53 |
7.03 |
8.54 |
US Midwest |
7.79 |
3.82 |
|
9.94 |
9.96 |
7.14 |
USWC |
8.54 |
7.92 |
|
9.41 |
2.51 |
(0.11) |
Singapore |
1.19 |
7.09 |
|
8.19 |
6.20 |
4.98 |
BP Average |
5.59 |
6.38 |
|
Chemicals production (kte) |
||||||
1,022 |
713 |
745 |
US |
1,458 |
2,058 |
|
821 |
788 |
867 |
Europe |
1,655 |
1,790 |
|
1,598 |
1,119 |
1,035 |
Rest of World |
2,154 |
3,129 |
|
3,441 |
2,620 |
2,647 |
Total production |
5,267 |
6,977 |
(a) |
These effects represent the favourable (unfavourable) impact relative to management's measure of performance. Further information on fair value accounting effects is provided on page 17. |
(b) |
Refining availability represents Solomon Associates' operational availability, which is defined as the percentage of the year that a unit is available for processing after subtracting the annualized time lost due to turnaround activity and all planned mechanical, process and regulatory maintenance downtime. |
(c) |
The Global Indicator Refining Margin (GIM) is the average of regional indicator margins weighted for BP's crude refining capacity in each region. Each regional indicator margin is based on a single representative crude with product yields characteristic of the typical level of upgrading complexity. The regional indicator margins may not be representative of the margins achieved by BP in any period because of BP's particular refinery configurations and crude and product slate. |
Top of page 8
Other businesses and corporate
Second |
First |
Second |
||||
quarter |
quarter |
quarter |
First half |
|||
2008 |
2009 |
2009 |
2009 |
2008 |
||
$ million |
||||||
(301) |
(800) |
(581) |
Profit (loss) before interest and tax(a) |
(1,381) |
(494) |
|
(13) |
39 |
(2) |
Inventory holding (gains) losses |
37 |
(33) |
|
Replacement cost profit (loss) before |
||||||
(314) |
(761) |
(583) |
interest and tax |
(1,344) |
(527) |
|
|
||||||
By region |
||||||
(185) |
(279) |
(129) |
US |
(408) |
(337) |
|
(129) |
(482) |
(454) |
Non-US |
(936) |
(190) |
|
(314) |
(761) |
(583) |
(1,344) |
(527) |
||
Results include |
||||||
Non-operating items |
||||||
(33) |
(116) |
(33) |
US |
(149) |
(82) |
|
(90) |
(205) |
(6) |
Non-US |
(211) |
(122) |
|
(123) |
(321) |
(39) |
(360) |
(204) |
(a) |
Includes profit after interest and tax of equity-accounted entities. |
Other businesses and corporate comprises
the Alternative Energy business, Shipping, the group's aluminium asset, Treasury (which
includes interest income on the group's cash and cash equivalents), and corporate
activities worldwide.
The replacement cost loss before
interest and tax for the second quarter and half year was $583 million and
$1,344 million respectively, compared with losses of $314 million and $527
million a year ago. The increased charge in both periods was primarily due to negative
foreign exchange effects and a much weaker business environment for Shipping and
Alternative Energy, partially offset by the continued reduction in corporate costs. The net
non-operating charge for the second quarter and half year was $39 million and $360 million
respectively, compared with net charges of $123 million and $204 million a year
ago.
In Alternative Energy, our BP Solar
business and RGE Energy AG of Germany announced a partnership to build one of the
world's largest solar projects in Germany. The planned solar system is expected to
deliver around 43,000 megawatt hours per year of green electricity. Solar sales in the
second quarter and half year were 27MW and 42MW respectively, compared to 39MW and 73MW in
the same periods of last year, reflecting ongoing demand weakness in the market.
On 1 July, US Department of Energy
Secretary Steven Chu announced that Hydrogen Energy LLC, a 50:50 joint venture between BP
and Rio Tinto, has been selected for up to $308 million in project funding from the
American Recovery and Reinvestment Act.
In wind generation, BP's net
capacity(b)
at the end of the second quarter was
678MW, compared to 172MW a year ago.
Finally, in line
with UK regulatory requirements, the following is a summary of the principal
disclosures made in our first-quarter results announcement. We announced the completion of
phase I of the 100MW Flat Ridge Wind Farm in Barber County, Kansas, US, a
50:50 joint venture between BP and Westar Energy, Inc. In addition, commercial operations
commenced at the Fowler Ridge Wind Farm in Benton County, Indiana, the largest in
the US Midwest at 400MW, where BP and Dominion are equal partners in a total capacity of
approximately 300MW. In solar manufacturing, we announced our intention to phase out module
assembly at Frederick, Maryland, in the US, and to close our cell
manufacturing and module assembly facilities
in Madrid, Spain.
(b) |
Net wind capacity is the sum of the rated capacities of the assets/turbines that have entered into commercial operation, including BP's share of equity-accounted entities. |
Cautionary statement regarding forward-looking statements: The foregoing discussion contains forward-looking statements particularly those regarding capital expenditure, production, phasing of production, operatorship of new projects, expected timing of completion of sale of Greek fuels marketing business, refining availability, outlook for the Refining and Marketing segment and expected delivery of green electricity. By their nature, forward-looking statements involve risk and uncertainty and actual results may differ from those expressed in such statements depending on a variety of factors including the following: the timing of bringing new fields onstream; industry product supply; demand and pricing; operational problems; general economic conditions; political stability and economic growth in relevant areas of the world; changes in laws and governmental regulations; exchange rate fluctuations; development and use of new technology; the success or otherwise of partnering; the actions of competitors; natural disasters and adverse weather conditions; changes in public expectations and other changes to business conditions; wars and acts of terrorism or sabotage; and other factors discussed in this Announcement. For more information you should refer to our Annual Report and Accounts 2008 and our 2008 Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the US Securities and Exchange Commission. The full text of BP p.l.c.'s 2009 half-yearly financial report is also available at www.bp.com/second_quarter_2009_results |
Top of page 9
Statement of directors' responsibilities
The directors confirm that, to the best
of their
knowledge,
the condensed set of financial
statements on pages 10 - 15 and 19 - 23 has been prepared in accordance with IAS 34
'Interim Financial Reporting', and that the interim management report on pages 1 - 8, 16 -
18 and 24 - 26 includes a fair review of the information required by the Disclosure and
Transparency Rules.
The directors of BP p.l.c. are listed
in BP Annual Report and
Accounts 2008, with the
exception of Sir Tom McKillop who retired from the board on 16 April 2009 and R W Dudley
who joined the board on 6 April 2009.
By order of the board
Tony Hayward |
Byron Grote |
Group Chief Executive |
Chief Financial Officer |
27 July 2009 |
27 July 2009 |
Independent review report to BP p.l.c.
We have been engaged by the company to
review the condensed set of financial statements in the half-yearly financial report for
the six months ended 30 June 2009 which comprises the group income statement, group balance
sheet, group statement of comprehensive income, group statement of changes in equity,
condensed group cash flow statement, the related tables on pages 14 and 15, and Notes 1 to
9. We have read the other information contained in the half-yearly financial report and
considered whether it contains any apparent misstatements or material inconsistencies with
the information in the condensed set of financial statements.
This report is made solely to the
company in accordance with guidance contained in International Standard on Review
Engagements (UK and Ireland) 2410, 'Review of Interim Financial Information Performed by
the Independent Auditor of the Entity' issued by the Auditing Practices Board for use in
the United Kingdom (ISRE 2410). To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or
assume responsibility to anyone other than the company, for our work, for this report, or
for the conclusions we have formed.
Directors'
responsibilities
The half-yearly financial report is the
responsibility of, and has been approved by, the directors. The directors are responsible
for preparing the half-yearly financial report in accordance with the Disclosure and
Transparency Rules of the United Kingdom's Financial Services Authority.
As disclosed in Note 1, the annual
financial statements of the group are prepared in accordance with International Financial
Reporting Standards (IFRS) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB)
and IFRS as adopted by the European Union (EU). The condensed set of financial statements
included in this half-yearly financial report has been prepared in accordance with
International Accounting Standard 34, 'Interim Financial Reporting', as issued by the IASB
and as adopted by the EU.
Our responsibility
Our responsibility is to express to the
company a conclusion on the condensed set of financial statements in the half-yearly
financial report based on our review.
Scope of review
We conducted our review in accordance
with ISRE 2410. A review of interim financial information consists of making enquiries
primarily of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters, and applying
analytical and other review procedures. A review is substantially less in scope than an
audit conducted in accordance with International Standards on Auditing
(UK and Ireland) and consequently does not enable us to obtain assurance that we
would become aware of all significant matters that might be identified in an audit.
Accordingly, we do not express an audit opinion.
Conclusion
Based on our review, nothing has come to
our attention that causes us to believe that the condensed set of financial statements in
the half-yearly financial report for the six months ended 30 June 2009 is not prepared, in
all material respects, in accordance with International Accounting Standard 34 as issued by
the IASB and as adopted by the EU and the Disclosure and Transparency Rules of the United
Kingdom's Financial Services Authority.
Ernst & Young LLP
London
27 July 2009
Top of page 10
Group income statement
Second |
First |
Second |
|||
quarter |
quarter |
quarter |
First half |
||
2008 |
2009 |
2009 |
2009 |
2008 |
|
$ million |
|||||
108,747 |
47,296 |
54,777 |
Sales and other operating revenues (Note 2) |
102,073 |
196,492 |
Earnings from jointly controlled entities - |
|||||
1,752 |
220 |
357 |
after interest and tax |
577 |
2,727 |
Earnings from associates - after |
|||||
251 |
285 |
714 |
interest and tax |
999 |
476 |
153 |
203 |
191 |
Interest and other income |
394 |
431 |
Gains on sale of businesses and |
|||||
79 |
81 |
522 |
fixed assets |
603 |
1,004 |
110,982 |
48,085 |
56,561 |
Total revenues and other income |
104,646 |
201,130 |
77,499 |
30,777 |
36,007 |
Purchases |
66,784 |
139,888 |
7,408 |
6,107 |
5,997 |
Production and manufacturing expenses |
12,104 |
14,207 |
2,299 |
461 |
673 |
Production and similar taxes (Note 3) |
1,134 |
3,908 |
2,850 |
2,823 |
3,092 |
Depreciation, depletion and amortization |
5,915 |
5,632 |
Impairment and losses on sale of |
|||||
23 |
137 |
216 |
businesses and fixed assets |
353 |
63 |
118 |
119 |
347 |
Exploration expense |
466 |
411 |
3,977 |
3,349 |
3,290 |
Distribution and administration expenses |
6,639 |
7,873 |
Fair value (gain) loss on embedded |
|||||
2,081 |
(186) |
(154) |
derivatives |
(340) |
2,771 |
14,727 |
4,498 |
7,093 |
Profit before interest and taxation |
11,591 |
26,377 |
381 |
318 |
274 |
Finance costs |
592 |
787 |
Net finance expense (income) relating to |
|||||
(160) |
50 |
47 |
pensions and other post-retirement benefits |
97 |
(320) |
14,506 |
4,130 |
6,772 |
Profit before taxation |
10,902 |
25,910 |
5,036 |
1,533 |
2,343 |
Taxation |
3,876 |
9,228 |
9,470 |
2,597 |
4,429 |
Profit for the period |
7,026 |
16,682 |
Attributable to |
|||||
9,358 |
2,562 |
4,385 |
BP shareholders |
6,947 |
16,452 |
112 |
35 |
44 |
Minority interest |
79 |
230 |
9,470 |
2,597 |
4,429 |
7,026 |
16,682 |
|
Earnings per share - cents (Note 4) |
|||||
Profit for the period attributable to |
|||||
BP shareholders |
|||||
49.70 |
13.69 |
23.41 |
Basic |
37.10 |
87.28 |
49.23 |
13.54 |
23.16 |
Diluted |
36.72 |
86.48 |
Top of page 11
Group statement of comprehensive income
Second |
First |
Second |
|||
quarter |
quarter |
quarter |
First half |
||
2008 |
2009 |
2009 |
2009 |
2008 |
|
$ million |
|||||
9,470 |
2,597 |
4,429 |
Profit for the period |
7,026 |
16,682 |
255 |
(1,011) |
2,393 |
Currency translation differences |
1,382 |
1,033 |
Available-for-sale investments marked to |
|||||
322 |
74 |
207 |
market |
281 |
131 |
Available-for-sale investments - recycled to |
|||||
- |
2 |
- |
the income statement |
2 |
(5) |
49 |
(211) |
648 |
Cash flow hedges marked to market |
437 |
123 |
Cash flow hedges - recycled to the income |
|||||
1 |
239 |
178 |
statement |
417 |
(1) |
Cash flow hedges - recycled to the balance |
|||||
(18) |
71 |
42 |
sheet |
113 |
(41) |
(4) |
(82) |
439 |
Taxation |
357 |
93 |
605 |
(918) |
3,907 |
Other comprehensive income |
2,989 |
1,333 |
10,075 |
1,679 |
8,336 |
Total comprehensive income |
10,015 |
18,015 |
Attributable to |
|||||
9,964 |
1,668 |
8,260 |
BP shareholders |
9,928 |
17,782 |
111 |
11 |
76 |
Minority interest |
87 |
233 |
10,075 |
1,679 |
8,336 |
10,015 |
18,015 |
Group statement of changes in equity
|
|
BP |
|
|
|
|
Shareholders’ |
Minority |
Total |
|
|
equity |
interest |
equity |
$ million |
|
|
|
|
At 31 December 2008 |
|
91,303 |
806 |
92,109 |
|
|
|
|
|
Total comprehensive income |
|
9,928 |
87 |
10,015 |
Dividends |
|
(5,239) |
(185) |
(5,424) |
Share-based payments (net of tax) |
|
249 |
– |
249 |
|
|
|
|
|
At 30 June 2009 |
|
96,241 |
708 |
96,949 |
|
|
BP |
|
|
|
|
shareholders’ |
Minority |
Total |
|
|
equity |
interest |
equity |
$ million |
|
|
|
|
At 31 December 2007 |
|
93,690 |
962 |
94,652 |
|
|
|
|
|
Total comprehensive income |
|
17,782 |
233 |
18,015 |
Dividends |
|
(5,099) |
(122) |
(5,221) |
Repurchase of ordinary share capital |
|
(1,796) |
– |
(1,796) |
Share-based payments (net of tax) |
|
315 |
– |
315 |
|
|
|
|
|
At 30 June 2008 |
|
104,892 |
1,073 |
105,965 |
Top of page 12
Group balance sheet
30 June |
31 December |
||
2009 |
2008 |
||
$ million |
|||
Non-current assets |
|||
Property, plant and equipment |
105,779 |
103,200 |
|
Goodwill |
10,304 |
9,878 |
|
Intangible assets |
10,951 |
10,260 |
|
Investments in jointly controlled entities |
15,266 |
23,826 |
|
Investments in associates |
12,929 |
4,000 |
|
Other investments |
1,138 |
855 |
|
Fixed assets |
156,367 |
152,019 |
|
Loans |
1,212 |
995 |
|
Other receivables |
990 |
710 |
|
Derivative financial instruments |
4,423 |
5,054 |
|
Prepayments |
1,303 |
1,338 |
|
Defined benefit pension plan surpluses |
1,990 |
1,738 |
|
166,285 |
161,854 |
||
Current assets |
|||
Loans |
185 |
168 |
|
Inventories |
18,650 |
16,821 |
|
Trade and other receivables |
29,246 |
29,261 |
|
Derivative financial instruments |
6,760 |
8,510 |
|
Prepayments |
2,712 |
3,050 |
|
Current tax receivable |
562 |
377 |
|
Cash and cash equivalents |
8,959 |
8,197 |
|
67,074 |
66,384 |
||
Total assets |
233,359 |
228,238 |
|
Current liabilities |
|||
Trade and other payables |
34,764 |
33,644 |
|
Derivative financial instruments |
|
6,181 |
8,977 |
Accruals |
5,815 |
6,743 |
|
Finance debt |
12,018 |
15,740 |
|
Current tax payable |
2,826 |
3,144 |
|
Provisions |
1,403 |
1,545 |
|
63,007 |
69,793 |
||
Non-current liabilities |
|||
Other payables |
3,109 |
3,080 |
|
Derivative financial instruments |
5,039 |
6,271 |
|
Accruals |
713 |
784 |
|
Finance debt |
24,222 |
17,464 |
|
Deferred tax liabilities |
16,800 |
16,198 |
|
Provisions |
12,999 |
12,108 |
|
Defined benefit pension plan and other |
|||
post-retirement benefit plan deficits |
10,521 |
10,431 |
|
73,403 |
66,336 |
||
Total liabilities |
136,410 |
136,129 |
|
Net assets |
96,949 |
92,109 |
|
Equity |
|||
BP shareholders' equity |
96,241 |
91,303 |
|
Minority interest |
708 |
806 |
|
96,949 |
92,109 |
Top of page 13
Condensed group cash flow statement
Second |
First |
Second |
|
|
|
quarter |
quarter |
quarter |
|
First half |
|
2008 |
2009 |
2009 |
|
2009 |
2008 |
|
|
|
$ million |
|
|
|
|
|
Operating activities |
|
|
14,506 |
4,130 |
6,772 |
Profit before taxation |
10,902 |
25,910 |
|
|
|
Adjustments to reconcile profit before taxation |
|
|
|
|
|
to net cash provided by operating activities |
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation, depletion and amortization |
|
|
2,894 |
2,849 |
3,315 |
and exploration expenditure written off |
6,164 |
5,860 |
|
|
|
Impairment and (gain) loss on sale of |
|
|
(56) |
56 |
(306) |
businesses and fixed assets |
(250) |
(941) |
|
|
|
Earnings from equity-accounted entities, |
|
|
(1,491) |
(252) |
(250) |
less dividends received |
(502) |
(1,304) |
|
|
|
Net charge for interest and other finance |
|
|
(183) |
89 |
38 |
expense, less net interest paid |
127 |
(301) |
173 |
86 |
101 |
Share-based payments |
187 |
238 |
|
|
|
Net operating charge for pensions and other |
|
|
|
|
|
post-retirement benefits, less contributions |
|
|
46 |
26 |
(46) |
and benefit payments for unfunded plans |
(20) |
163 |
(40) |
281 |
(49) |
Net charge for provisions, less payments |
232 |
(205) |
|
|
|
Movements in inventories and other current |
|
|
(5,710) |
32 |
(1,093) |
and non-current assets and liabilities(a) |
(1,061) |
(6,427) |
(3,421) |
(1,725) |
(1,725) |
Income taxes paid |
(3,450) |
(5,381) |
6,718 |
5,572 |
6,757 |
Net cash provided by operating activities |
12,329 |
17,612 |
|
|
|
Investing activities |
|
|
(4,713) |
(4,817) |
(5,211) |
Capital expenditure |
(10,028) |
(9,148) |
(209) |
– |
(8) |
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired |
(8) |
(209) |
(247) |
(103) |
(110) |
Investment in jointly controlled entities |
(213) |
(613) |
(3) |
(47) |
(40) |
Investment in associates |
(87) |
(7) |
59 |
311 |
360 |
Proceeds from disposal of fixed assets |
671 |
335 |
|
|
|
Proceeds from disposal of businesses, |
|
|
– |
– |
337 |
net of cash disposed |
337 |
– |
212 |
117 |
96 |
Proceeds from loan repayments |
213 |
334 |
– |
47 |
– |
Other |
47 |
– |
|
|
|
Net cash (used in) provided by investing |
|
|
(4,901) |
(4,492) |
(4,576) |
activities |
(9,068) |
(9,308) |
|
|
|
Financing activities |
|
|
(928) |
35 |
27 |
Net issue (repurchase) of shares |
62 |
(1,817) |
655 |
4,619 |
4,441 |
Proceeds from long-term financing |
9,060 |
2,832 |
(1,654) |
(2,580) |
(1,597) |
Repayments of long-term financing |
(4,177) |
(2,191) |
1,516 |
(182) |
(1,860) |
Net increase (decrease) in short-term debt |
(2,042) |
(1,908) |
(2,545) |
(2,619) |
(2,620) |
Dividends paid – BP shareholders |
(5,239) |
(5,099) |
(86) |
(111) |
(74) |
– Minority interest |
(185) |
(122) |
|
|
|
Net cash (used in) provided by financing |
|
|
(3,042) |
(838) |
(1,683) |
activities |
(2,521) |
(8,305) |
|
|
|
Currency translation differences relating to |
|
|
(2) |
(79) |
101 |
cash and cash equivalents |
22 |
32 |
|
|
|
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash |
|
|
(1,227) |
163 |
599 |
equivalents |
762 |
31 |
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning |
|
|
4,820 |
8,197 |
8,360 |
of period |
8,197 |
3,562 |
3,593 |
8,360 |
8,959 |
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period |
8,959 |
3,593 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(a) Includes |
|
|
|
|
|
(3,952) |
(254) |
(1,874) |
Inventory holding (gains) losses |
(2,128) |
(5,278) |
2,081 |
(186) |
(154) |
Fair value (gain) loss on embedded derivatives |
(340) |
2,771 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inventory holding gains and losses and fair value gains and losses on embedded derivatives are also included within profit before taxation
Top of page 14
Capital expenditure and acquisitions
Second |
First |
Second |
||||
quarter |
quarter |
quarter |
First half |
|||
2008 |
2009 |
2009 |
2009 |
2008 |
||
$ million |
||||||
By business |
||||||
Exploration and Production |
||||||
1,801 |
1,670 |
1,422 |
US |
3,092 |
3,016 |
|
2,148 |
2,035 |
2,144 |
Non-US (a) |
4,179 |
6,935 |
|
3,949 |
3,705 |
3,566 |
|
7,271 |
9,951 |
|
Refining and Marketing |
||||||
662 |
567 |
562 |
US (a) |
1,129 |
2,959 |
|
582 |
226 |
276 |
Non-US |
502 |
953 |
|
1,244 |
793 |
838 |
1,631 |
3,912 |
||
Other businesses and corporate |
||||||
463 |
56 |
364 |
US (b) |
420 |
730 |
|
146 |
41 |
50 |
Non-US |
91 |
254 |
|
609 |
97 |
414 |
511 |
984 |
||
5,802 |
4,595 |
4,818 |
9,413 |
14,847 |
||
By geographical area |
||||||
2,926 |
2,293 |
2,348 |
US (a)(b) |
4,641 |
6,705 |
|
2,876 |
2,302 |
2,470 |
Non-US (a) |
4,772 |
8,142 |
|
5,802 |
4,595 |
4,818 |
9,413 |
14,847 |
||
Included above: |
||||||
324 |
- |
- |
Acquisitions and asset exchanges(a) |
- |
2,288 |
(a) |
First half 2008 included capital expenditure of $2,848 million in Exploration and Production and an asset exchange of $1,904 million in Refining and Marketing relating to the formation of an integrated North American oil sands business. |
(b) |
Second quarter 2009 includes $297 million of capital expenditure on wind turbines for post-2009 wind projects. |
Exchange rates
Second |
First |
Second |
|||
quarter |
quarter |
quarter |
First half |
||
2008 |
2009 |
2009 |
2009 |
2008 |
|
1.97 |
1.43 |
1.55 |
US dollar/sterling average rate for the period |
1.49 |
1.97 |
1.99 |
1.42 |
1.65 |
US dollar/sterling period-end rate |
1.65 |
1.99 |
1.56 |
1.30 |
1.36 |
US dollar/euro average rate for the period |
1.33 |
1.53 |
1.58 |
1.32 |
1.41 |
US dollar/euro period-end rate |
1.41 |
1.58 |
Top of page 15
Analysis of replacement cost profit before interest and tax and reconciliation to profit before taxation(a)
Second |
First |
Second |
|||
quarter |
quarter |
quarter |
First half |
||
2008 |
2009 |
2009 |
2009 |
2008 |
|
$ million |
|||||
By business |
|||||
Exploration and Production |
|||||
3,601 |
1,143 |
1,161 |
US |
2,304 |
6,686 |
7,170 |
3,177 |
3,885 |
Non-US |
7,062 |
14,157 |
10,771 |
4,320 |
5,046 |
9,366 |
20,843 |
|
Refining and Marketing |
|||||
(401) |
308 |
(326) |
US |
(18) |
(247) |
940 |
782 |
1,006 |
Non-US |
1,788 |
2,035 |
539 |
1,090 |
680 |
1,770 |
1,788 |
|
Other businesses and corporate |
|||||
(185) |
(279) |
(129) |
US |
(408) |
(337) |
(129) |
(482) |
(454) |
Non-US |
(936) |
(190) |
(314) |
(761) |
(583) |
(1,344) |
(527) |
|
10,996 |
4,649 |
5,143 |
9,792 |
22,104 |
|
(221) |
(405) |
76 |
Consolidation adjustment |
(329) |
(1,005) |
Replacement cost profit before interest |
|||||
10,775 |
4,244 |
5,219 |
and tax(b) |
9,463 |
21,099 |
Inventory holding gains (losses)(c) |
|||||
48 |
(34) |
16 |
Exploration and Production |
(18) |
30 |
3,891 |
327 |
1,856 |
Refining and Marketing |
2,183 |
5,215 |
13 |
(39) |
2 |
Other businesses and corporate |
(37) |
33 |
14,727 |
4,498 |
7,093 |
Profit before interest and tax |
11,591 |
26,377 |
381 |
318 |
274 |
Finance costs |
592 |
787 |
Net finance expense (income) relating to |
|||||
(160) |
50 |
47 |
pensions and other post-retirement benefits |
97 |
(320) |
14,506 |
4,130 |
6,772 |
Profit before taxation |
10,902 |
25,910 |
Replacement cost profit before interest |
|||||
and tax |
|||||
By geographical area |
|||||
3,267 |
854 |
730 |
US |
1,584 |
5,888 |
7,508 |
3,390 |
4,489 |
Non-US |
7,879 |
15,211 |
10,775 |
4,244 |
5,219 |
9,463 |
21,099 |
(a) |
IFRS requires that the measure of profit or loss disclosed for each operating segment is the measure that is provided regularly to the chief operating decision maker for the purposes of performance assessment and resource allocation. For BP, this measure of profit or loss is replacement cost profit before interest and tax. In addition, a reconciliation is required between the total of the operating segments' measures of profit or loss and the group profit or loss before taxation. |
(b) |
Replacement cost profit reflects the replacement cost of supplies. The replacement cost profit for the period is arrived at by excluding from profit inventory holding gains and losses and their associated tax effect. Replacement cost profit for the group is not a recognized GAAP measure. |
(c) |
Inventory holding gains and losses represent the difference between the cost of sales calculated using the average cost to BP of supplies incurred during the period and the cost of sales calculated on the first-in first-out (FIFO) method including any changes in provisions where the net realizable value of the inventory is lower than its cost. Under the FIFO method, which we use for IFRS reporting, the cost of inventory charged to the income statement is based on the historic cost of acquisition or manufacture rather than the current replacement cost. In volatile energy markets, this can have a significant distorting effect on reported income. The amounts disclosed represent the difference between the charge to the income statement on a FIFO basis (and any related movements in net realizable value provisions) and the charge that would arise using average cost of supplies incurred during the period. For this purpose, average cost of supplies incurred during the period is calculated by dividing the total cost of inventory purchased in the period by the number of barrels acquired. The amounts disclosed are not separately reflected in the financial statements as a gain or loss. No adjustment is made in respect of the cost of inventories held as part of a trading position and certain other temporary inventory positions. Management believes this information is useful to illustrate to investors the fact that crude oil and product prices can vary significantly from period to period and that the impact on our reported result under IFRS can be significant. Inventory holding gains and losses vary from period to period due principally to changes in oil prices as well as changes to underlying inventory levels. In order for investors to understand the operating performance of the group excluding the impact of oil price changes on the replacement of inventories, and to make comparisons of operating performance between reporting periods, BP's management believes it is helpful to disclose this information. |
Top of page 16
Non-operating items(a)
Second |
First |
Second |
|
|
|
|
quarter |
quarter |
quarter |
|
|
First half |
|
2008 |
2009 |
2009 |
|
|
2009 |
2008 |
|
|
|
$ million |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exploration and Production |
|
|
|
111 |
73 |
359 |
Impairment and gain (loss) on sale of businesses and fixed assets |
|
432 |
132 |
(5) |
– |
– |
Environmental and other provisions |
|
– |
(5) |
|
|
|
Restructuring, integration and |
|
|
|
– |
(1) |
(6) |
rationalization costs |
|
(7) |
(44) |
|
|
|
Fair value gain (loss) on embedded |
|
|
|
(2,082) |
243 |
154 |
derivatives |
|
397 |
(2,766) |
– |
(4) |
– |
Other |
|
(4) |
331 |
(1,976) |
311 |
507 |
|
|
818 |
(2,352) |
|
|
|
Refining and Marketing |
|
|
|
(13) |
(21) |
(52) |
Impairment and gain (loss) on sale of businesses and fixed assets |
|
(73) |
801 |
– |
– |
– |
Environmental and other provisions |
|
– |
– |
|
|
|
Restructuring, integration and |
|
|
|
(86) |
(263) |
(114) |
rationalization costs |
|
(377) |
(291) |
|
|
|
Fair value gain (loss) on embedded |
|
|
|
– |
(57) |
– |
derivatives |
|
(57) |
– |
– |
(9) |
– |
Other |
|
(9) |
– |
(99) |
(350) |
(166) |
|
|
(516) |
510 |
|
|
|
Other businesses and corporate |
|
|
|
(42) |
(108) |
(1) |
Impairment and gain (loss) on sale of businesses and fixed assets |
|
(109) |
8 |
– |
(75) |
– |
Environmental and other provisions |
|
(75) |
– |
|
|
|
Restructuring, integration and |
|
|
|
(75) |
(71) |
(37) |
rationalization costs |
|
(108) |
(133) |
|
|
|
Fair value gain (loss) on embedded |
|
|
|
1 |
– |
– |
derivatives |
|
– |
(5) |
(7) |
(67) |
(1) |
Other |
|
(68) |
(74) |
(123) |
(321) |
(39) |
|
|
(360) |
(204) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2,198) |
(360) |
302 |
Total before taxation |
|
(58) |
(2,046) |
770 |
135 |
(106) |
Taxation credit (charge) (b) |
|
29 |
714 |
(1,428) |
(225) |
196 |
Total after taxation for period |
|
(29) |
(1,332) |
(a) |
An analysis of non-operating items by region is shown on pages 5, 7 and 8. |
(b) |
Tax is calculated using the quarter's effective tax rate on replacement cost profit . |
Non-operating items are charges and credits arising in consolidated entities that BP
discloses separately because it considers such disclosures to be meaningful and relevant to
investors. These disclosures are provided in order to enable investors better to understand
and evaluate the group's financial performance.
Top of page 17
Non-GAAP information on f air value accounting effects
Second |
First |
Second |
||||
quarter |
quarter |
quarter |
First half |
|||
2008 |
2009 |
2009 |
2009 |
2008 |
||
$ million |
||||||
Favourable (unfavourable) impact |
||||||
relative to management's measure |
||||||
of performance |
|
|||||
(373) |
158 |
135 |
Exploration and Production |
293 |
(632) |
|
(161) |
(109) |
(126) |
Refining and Marketing |
(235) |
(60) |
|
(534) |
49 |
9 |
58 |
(692) |
||
187 |
(18) |
(3) |
Taxation credit (charge)(a) |
(21) |
245 |
|
(347) |
31 |
6 |
37 |
(447) |
(a) |
Tax is calculated using the quarter's effective tax rate on replacement cost profit . |
BP uses derivative instruments to manage the economic exposure relating to inventories
above normal operating requirements of crude oil, natural gas and petroleum products as
well as certain contracts to supply physical volumes at future dates. Under IFRS, these
inventories and contracts are recorded at historic cost and on an accruals basis
respectively. The related derivative instruments, however, are required to be recorded at
fair value with gains and losses recognized in income because hedge accounting is either
not permitted or not followed, principally due to the impracticality of effectiveness
testing requirements. Therefore, measurement differences in relation to recognition of
gains and losses occur. Gains and losses on these inventories and contracts are not
recognized until the commodity is sold in a subsequent accounting period. Gains and losses
on the related derivative commodity contracts are recognized in the income statement from
the time the derivative commodity contract is entered into on a fair value basis using
forward prices consistent with the contract maturity.
IFRS requires that inventory held for trading be recorded at its fair value using period
end spot prices whereas any related derivative commodity instruments are required to be
recorded at values based on forward prices consistent with the contract maturity. Depending
on market conditions, these forward prices can be either higher or lower than spot prices
resulting in measurement differences.
BP enters into contracts for pipelines and storage capacity that, under IFRS, are recorded
on an accruals basis. These contracts are risk-managed using a variety of derivative
instruments which are fair valued under IFRS. This results in measurement differences in
relation to recognition of gains and losses.
The way that BP manages the economic exposures described above, and measures performance
internally, differs from the way these activities are measured under IFRS. BP calculates
this difference for consolidated entities by comparing the IFRS result with management's
internal measure of performance, under which the inventory and the supply and capacity
contracts in question are valued based on fair value using relevant forward prices
prevailing at the end of the period. We believe that disclosing management's estimate of
this difference provides useful information for investors because it enables investors to
see the economic effect of these activities as a whole. The impacts of fair value
accounting effects, relative to management's internal measure of performance, are shown in
the table above. A reconciliation to GAAP information is set out below.
Reconciliation of non-GAAP information
Second |
First |
Second |
|||
quarter |
quarter |
quarter |
First half |
||
2008 |
2009 |
2009 |
2009 |
2008 |
|
$ million |
|||||
Exploration and Production |
|||||
Replacement cost profit before interest and tax |
|||||
11,144 |
4,162 |
4,911 |
adjusted for fair value accounting effects |
9,073 |
21,475 |
(373) |
158 |
135 |
Impact of fair value accounting effects |
293 |
(632) |
Replacement cost profit before interest and |
|||||
10,771 |
4,320 |
5,046 |
tax |
9,366 |
20,843 |
Refining and Marketing |
|||||
Replacement cost profit before interest and tax |
|||||
700 |
1,199 |
806 |
adjusted for fair value accounting effects |
2,005 |
1,848 |
(161) |
(109) |
(126) |
Impact of fair value accounting effects |
(235) |
(60) |
Replacement cost profit before interest and |
|||||
539 |
1,090 |
680 |
tax |
1,770 |
1,788 |
Top of page 18
Realizations and marker prices
Second |
First |
Second |
||||
quarter |
quarter |
quarter |
First half |
|||
2008 |
2009 |
2009 |
2009 |
2008 |
||
|
||||||
Average realizations(a) |
||||||
Liquids ($/bbl) (b) |
||||||
101.88 |
39.47 |
47.45 |
US |
43.54 |
95.23 |
|
127.83 |
47.59 |
60.69 |
Europe |
54.00 |
111.44 |
|
111.23 |
40.89 |
55.22 |
Rest of World |
48.10 |
101.58 |
|
109.95 |
41.26 |
52.33 |
BP Average |
46.84 |
100.66 |
|
Natural gas ($/mcf) |
||||||
8.76 |
3.38 |
2.47 |
US |
2.92 |
7.74 |
|
8.37 |
5.56 |
4.86 |
Europe |
5.25 |
8.16 |
|
5.26 |
3.41 |
2.77 |
Rest of World |
3.08 |
5.11 |
|
6.63 |
3.63 |
2.86 |
BP Average |
3.25 |
6.25 |
|
Total hydrocarbons ($/boe) |
||||||
82.09 |
31.83 |
34.90 |
US |
33.38 |
74.88 |
|
99.10 |
41.36 |
49.11 |
Europe |
45.00 |
86.12 |
|
63.67 |
28.35 |
31.81 |
Rest of World |
30.10 |
59.30 |
|
75.39 |
31.40 |
35.02 |
BP Average |
33.22 |
68.85 |
|
Average oil marker prices ($/bbl) |
||||||
121.18 |
44.46 |
59.13 |
Brent |
51.68 |
109.05 |
|
123.81 |
43.20 |
59.71 |
West Texas Intermediate |
51.59 |
111.14 |
|
123.61 |
45.40 |
59.10 |
Alaska North Slope |
52.36 |
110.40 |
|
116.82 |
43.83 |
57.51 |
Mars |
50.78 |
104.17 |
|
117.47 |
43.65 |
58.46 |
Urals (NWE- cif) |
50.94 |
105.50 |
|
63.15 |
19.52 |
32.63 |
Russian domestic oil(c) |
26.46 |
55.01 |
|
Average natural gas marker prices |
||||||
10.94 |
4.91 |
3.51 |
Henry Hub gas price ($/mmbtu) (d) |
4.21 |
9.49 |
|
UK Gas - National Balancing |
||||||
60.72 |
46.80 |
27.51 |
point (p/therm) |
37.31 |
56.86 |
(a) |
Based on sales of consolidated subsidiaries only - this excludes equity-accounted entities. |
(b) |
Crude oil and natural gas liquids. |
(c) |
First quarter 2009 revised by Argus from previously disclosed figure of $19.54/bbl. |
(d) |
Henry Hub First of Month Index. |
Top of page 19
Notes
1. Basis of preparation
The interim financial information included in this report has been prepared in accordance with IAS 34 'Interim Financial Reporting'.
The results for the interim periods are unaudited and in the opinion of management include
all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the periods presented.
All such adjustments are of a normal recurring nature. This report should be read in
conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes for the year ended
31 December 2008 included in
BP Annual Report and
Accounts
2008.
BP prepares its consolidated financial statements included within its Annual Report and
Accounts on the basis of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as issued by
the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB), IFRS as adopted by the European Union
(EU) and in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act 1985. IFRS as adopted by
the EU differs in certain respects from IFRS as issued by the IASB, however, the
differences have no impact on the group's consolidated financial statements for the periods
presented. The financial information presented herein has been prepared in accordance with
the accounting policies expected to be used in preparing the Annual Report and Accounts for
2009, which do not differ significantly from those used in
BP Annual Report and Accounts
2008.
BP has adopted a new accounting standard, IFRS 8 'Operating Segments', with effect from 1
January 2009. The standard defines operating segments as components of an entity about
which separate financial information is available and is evaluated regularly by the chief
operating decision maker in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing
performance. It also sets out the required disclosures for operating segments. On adoption,
there was no change to BP's segments that are separately reported but the segmental
financial information is now based on measures as used by the chief operating decision
maker. In particular, the segment measure of profit is replacement cost profit before
interest and tax - see page 15 for further information. There was no effect on the group's
reported income or net assets.
In addition, BP has adopted amendments to IAS 1 'Presentation of Financial Statements', also with effect from 1 January 2009. This requires separate presentation of owner and non-owner changes in equity by introducing the statement of comprehensive income - see page 11. The statement of recognized income and expense is no longer presented. Certain minor changes in the presentation of the statement of changes in equity were also made to comply with the revised standard - see page 11. There was no effect on the group's reported profit for the period or net assets.
Top of page 20
Notes
|
2. Sales and other operating revenues
Second |
First |
Second |
||||
quarter |
quarter |
quarter |
First half |
|||
2008 |
2009 |
2009 |
2009 |
2008 |
||
$ million |
||||||
By business |
|
|||||
24,507 |
12,343 |
12,848 |
Exploration and Production |
25,191 |
47,429 |
|
97,892 |
40,573 |
49,333 |
Refining and Marketing |
89,906 |
174,504 |
|
1,200 |
584 |
603 |
Other businesses and corporate |
1,187 |
2,308 |
|
123,599 |
53,500 |
62,784 |
116,284 |
224,241 |
||
Less: sales between businesses |
||||||
13,485 |
5,800 |
7,589 |
Exploration and Production |
13,389 |
25,704 |
|
960 |
111 |
225 |
Refining and Marketing |
336 |
1,229 |
|
407 |
293 |
193 |
Other businesses and corporate |
486 |
816 |
|
14,852 |
6,204 |
8,007 |
14,211 |
27,749 |
||
Third party sales and other operating revenues |
||||||
|
||||||
11,022 |
6,543 |
5,259 |
Exploration and Production |
11,802 |
21,725 |
|
96,932 |
40,462 |
49,108 |
Refining and Marketing |
89,570 |
173,275 |
|
793 |
291 |
410 |
Other businesses and corporate |
701 |
1,492 |
|
Total third party sales and other |
||||||
108,747 |
47,296 |
54,777 |
operating revenues |
102,073 |
196,492 |
|
By geographical area |
||||||
39,035 |
17,580 |
20,677 |
US |
38,257 |
70,728 |
|
81,917 |
33,586 |
39,371 |
Non-US |
72,957 |
146,436 |
|
120,952 |
51,166 |
60,048 |
111,214 |
217,164 |
||
12,205 |
3,870 |
5,271 |
Less: sales between areas |
9,141 |
20,672 |
|
108,747 |
47,296 |
54,777 |
102,073 |
196,492 |
3. Production and similar taxes
Second |
First |
Second |
||||
quarter |
quarter |
quarter |
First half |
|||
2008 |
2009 |
2009 |
2009 |
2008 |
||
$ million |
|
|||||
1,079 |
79 |
133 |
US |
212 |
1,623 |
|
1,220 |
382 |
540 |
Non-US |
922 |
2,285 |
|
2,299 |
461 |
673 |
1,134 |
3,908 |
Top of page 21
Notes
4.
Earnings per share,
shares in issue and shares repurchased
Basic earnings per ordinary share (EpS)
amounts are calculated by dividing the profit for the period attributable to ordinary
shareholders by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the
period. The calculation of EpS is performed separately for each discrete quarterly period,
and for the year-to-date period. As a result, the sum of the discrete quarterly EpS amounts
in any particular year-to-date period may not be equal to the EpS amount for the
year-to-date period.
Prior to 2009, EpS amounts for the
discrete quarterly periods were determined as the difference between the relevant
year-to-date period amounts. The change in method of determination of the discrete
quarterly EpS amounts does not have a significant effect and the comparative EpS amounts
for 2008 have not been restated.
For the diluted EpS calculation the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period is adjusted for number of shares that are potentially issuable in connection with employee share-based payment plans using the treasury stock method.
Second |
First |
Second |
|||
quarter |
quarter |
quarter |
First half |
||
2008 |
2009 |
2009 |
2009 |
2008 |
|
$ million |
|||||
Results for the period |
|||||
Profit for the period attributable |
|||||
9,358 |
2,562 |
4,385 |
to BP shareholders |
6,947 |
16,452 |
1 |
- |
1 |
Less: preference dividend |
1 |
1 |
Profit attributable to BP ordinary |
|||||
9,357 |
2,562 |
4,384 |
shareholders |
6,946 |
16,451 |
Inventory holding (gains) losses, |
|||||
(2,612) |
(175) |
(1,245) |
net of tax |
(1,420) |
(3,475) |
RC profit attributable to BP ordinary |
|||||
6,745 |
2,387 |
3,139 |
shareholders |
5,526 |
12,976 |
Basic weighted average number of |
|||||
18,823,515 |
18,720,354 |
18,726,093 |
shares outstanding (thousand)(a) |
18,723,164 |
18,849,504 |
3,137,253 |
3,120,059 |
3,121,016 |
ADS equivalent (thousand)(a) |
3,120,527 |
3,141,584 |
Weighted average number of shares |
|||||
outstanding used to calculate diluted earnings per share |
|||||
19,015,010 |
18,920,515 |
18,929,930 |
(thousand) (a) |
18,917,380 |
19,022,000 |
3,169,168 |
3,153,419 |
3,154,988 |
ADS equivalent (thousand)(a) |
3,152,897 |
3,170,333 |
Shares in issue at period-end |
|||||
18,790,443 |
18,724,785 |
18,728,163 |
(thousand)(a) |
18,728,163 |
18,790,443 |
3,131,741 |
3,120,798 |
3,121,361 |
ADS equivalent (thousand)(a) |
3,121,361 |
3,131,741 |
Shares repurchased in the period |
|||||
85,900 |
- |
- |
(thousand) |
- |
176,896 |
(a) |
Excludes treasury shares and the shares held by the Employee Share Ownership Plans and includes certain shares that will be issuable in the future under employee share plans. |
Top of page 22
Notes
5. Analysis of changes in net debt
Second |
First |
Second |
|||
quarter |
quarter |
quarter |
First half |
||
2008 |
2009 |
2009 |
2009 |
2008 |
|
$ million |
|||||
Opening balance |
|||||
29,871 |
33,204 |
34,698 |
Finance debt |
33,204 |
31,045 |
4,820 |
8,197 |
8,360 |
Less: Cash and cash equivalents |
8,197 |
3,562 |
Less: FV asset (liability) of hedges related |
|||||
1,234 |
(34) |
(323) |
to finance debt |
(34) |
666 |
23,817 |
25,041 |
26,661 |
Opening net debt |
25,041 |
26,817 |
Closing balance |
|||||
30,189 |
34,698 |
36,240 |
Finance debt |
36,240 |
30,189 |
3,593 |
8,360 |
8,959 |
Less: Cash and cash equivalents |
8,959 |
3,593 |
Less: FV asset (liability) of hedges related |
|||||
900 |
(323) |
179 |
to finance debt |
179 |
900 |
25,696 |
26,661 |
27,102 |
Closing net debt |
27,102 |
25,696 |
(1,879) |
(1,620) |
(441) |
Decrease (increase) in net debt |
(2,061) |
1,121 |
Movement in cash and cash equivalents |
|||||
(1,225) |
242 |
498 |
(excluding exchange adjustments) |
740 |
(1) |
Net cash outflow (inflow) from financing |
|||||
(517) |
(1,857) |
(984) |
(excluding share capital) |
(2,841) |
1,267 |
(114) |
7 |
15 |
Other movements |
22 |
(121) |
Movement in net debt before exchange |
|||||
(1,856) |
(1,608) |
(471) |
effects |
(2,079) |
1,145 |
(23) |
(12) |
30 |
Exchange adjustments |
18 |
(24) |
(1,879) |
(1,620) |
(441) |
Decrease (increase) in net debt |
(2,061) |
1,121 |
Top of page 23
Notes
6. TNK-BP operational and financial information
Second |
First |
Second |
||||
quarter |
quarter |
quarter |
First half |
|||
2008 |
2009 |
2009 |
2009 |
2008 |
||
Production (Net of royalties) (BP share) |
|
|||||
825 |
822 |
837 |
Crude oil (mb/d) |
830 |
821 |
|
546 |
642 |
555 |
Natural gas (mmcf/d) |
599 |
529 |
|
919 |
933 |
933 |
Total hydrocarbons (mboe/d)(a) |
933 |
913 |
|
$ million |
||||||
Income statement (BP share) |
||||||
2,026 |
419 |
873 |
Profit before interest and tax |
1,292 |
3,235 |
|
(56) |
(68) |
(54) |
Finance costs |
(122) |
(132) |
|
(524) |
(185) |
(242) |
Taxation |
(427) |
(855) |
|
(95) |
(32) |
(31) |
Minority interest |
(63) |
(153) |
|
1,351 |
134 |
546 |
Net income |
680 |
2,095 |
|
|
Cash flow |
|||||
- |
- |
468 |
Dividends received |
468 |
1,200 |
Balance sheet |
30 June |
31 December |
|
|
2009 |
2008 |
|
Investments in jointly controlled entities |
|
- |
8,939 |
Investments in associates |
9,104 |
- |
(a) |
Natural gas is converted to oil equivalent at 5.8 billion cubic feet = 1 million barrels. |
7. Inventory valuation
Due to falling oil prices a provision of $1,412 million was held at 31 December 2008 to write inventories down to their net realizable value. The net movement in the provision during the second quarter of 2009 was an increase of $92 million (first quarter of 2009 was a decrease of $1,163 million).
8. Third-quarter results
BP's third-quarter results will be announced on 27 October 2009.
9. Statutory accounts
The financial information shown in this publication, which was approved by the Board of Directors on 27 July 2009, is unaudited and does not constitute statutory financial statements. Statutory accounts for the financial year ended 31 December 2008 for BP have been filed with the Registrar of Companies in England and Wales; the report of the auditors on those accounts was unqualified and did not contain a statement under section 237(2) or section 237(3) of the Companies Act 1985.
Top of page 24
Principal risks and uncertainties
The principal risks and
uncertainties for the remaining six months of the financial year remain as set out
in BP
Annual Report and Accounts
2008. These
are reproduced
below.
We urge you to consider carefully the
risks described below. If any of these risks occur, our business, financial condition and
results of operations could suffer and the trading price and liquidity of our securities
could decline, in which case you could lose all or part of your investment.
In the current global financial crisis
and uncertain economic environment, certain risks may gain more prominence either
individually or when taken together. Oil and gas prices and margins are likely to remain
lower than in recent times due to reduced demand; the impact of this situation will also
depend on the degree to which producers reduce production. At the same time, governments
will be facing greater pressure on public finances leading to the risk of increased
taxation. These factors may also lead to intensified competition for market share and
available margin, with consequential potential adverse effects on volumes. The financial
and economic situation may have a negative impact on third parties with whom we do, or may
do, business. Any of these factors may affect our results of operations, financial
condition and liquidity.
If there is an extended period of
constraint in the capital markets, with debt markets in particular experiencing lack of
liquidity, at a time when cash flows from our business operations may be under pressure,
this may impact our ability to maintain our long-term investment programme with a
consequent effect on our growth rate, and may impact shareholder returns, including
dividends and share buybacks, or share price. Decreases in the funded levels of our pension
plans may also increase our pension funding requirements.
Our system of risk management provides
the response to risks of group significance through the establishment of standards and
other controls. Inability to identify, assess and respond to risks through this and other
controls could lead to an inability to capture opportunities, threats materializing,
inefficiency and non-compliance with laws and regulations.
The risks are categorized against the
following areas: strategic; compliance and control; and operational.
Strategic risks
Access and renewal
Successful execution of our group plan
depends critically on implementing activities to renew and reposition our portfolio. The
challenges to renewal of our upstream portfolio are growing due to increasing competition
for access to opportunities globally. Lack of material positions in new markets and/or
inability to complete disposals could result in an inability to grow or even maintain our
production.
Prices and markets
Oil, gas and product prices are subject
to international supply and demand. Political developments and the outcome of meetings of
OPEC can particularly affect world supply and oil prices. Previous oil price increases have
resulted in increased fiscal take, cost inflation and more onerous terms for access to
resources. As a result, increased oil prices may not improve margin performance. In
addition to the adverse effect on revenues, margins and profitability from any fall in oil
and natural gas prices, a prolonged period of low prices or other indicators would lead to
further reviews for impairment of the group's oil and natural gas properties. Such reviews
would reflect management's view of long-term oil and natural gas prices and could result in
a charge for impairment that could have a significant effect on the group's results of
operations in the period in which it occurs. Rapid material and/or sustained change in oil,
gas and product prices can impact the validity of the assumptions on which strategic
decisions are based and, as a result, the ensuing actions derived from those decisions may
no longer be appropriate. A prolonged period of low oil prices may impact our ability to
maintain our long-term investment programme with a consequent effect on our growth rate and
may impact shareholder returns, including dividends and share buybacks, or share
price.
Periods of global recession could impact
the demand for our products, the prices at which they can be sold and affect the viability
of the markets in which we operate.
Refining profitability can be volatile,
with both periodic oversupply and supply tightness in various regional markets. Sectors of
the chemicals industry are also subject to fluctuations in supply and demand within the
petrochemicals market, with a consequent effect on prices and profitability.
Climate change and carbon pricing
Compliance with changes in laws,
regulations and obligations relating to climate change could result in substantial capital
expenditure, reduced profitability from changes in operating costs, and revenue generation
and strategic growth opportunities being impacted.
Socio-political
We have operations in countries where
political, economic and social transition is taking place. Some countries have experienced
political instability, changes to the regulatory environment, expropriation or
nationalization of property, civil strife, strikes, acts of war and insurrections. Any of
these conditions occurring could disrupt or terminate our operations, causing our
development activities to be curtailed or terminated in these areas or our production to
decline and could cause us to incur additional costs. In particular, our investments
in Russia could be adversely affected by heightened political and economic
environment risks.
We set ourselves high standards of
corporate citizenship and aspire to contribute to a better quality of life through the
products and services we provide. If it is perceived that we are not respecting or
advancing the economic and social progress of the communities in which we operate, our
reputation and shareholder value could be damaged.
Top of page 25
Principal risks and uncertainties (continued)
Competition
The oil, gas and petrochemicals
industries are highly competitive. There is strong competition, both within the oil and gas
industry and with other industries, in supplying the fuel needs of commerce, industry and
the home. Competition puts pressure on product prices, affects oil products marketing and
requires continuous management focus on reducing unit costs and improving efficiency. The
implementation of group strategy requires continued technological advances and innovation
including advances in exploration, production, refining, petrochemicals manufacturing
technology and advances in technology related to energy usage. Our performance could be
impeded if competitors developed or acquired intellectual property rights to technology
that we required or if our innovation lagged the industry.
Investment efficiency
Our organic growth is dependent on
creating a portfolio of quality options and investing in the best options. Ineffective
investment selection could lead to loss of value and higher capital expenditure.
Reserves replacement
Successful execution of our group
strategy depends critically on sustaining long-term reserves replacement. If upstream
resources are not progressed to proved reserves in a timely and efficient manner, we will
be unable to sustain long-term replacement of reserves.
Liquidity, financial capacity and financial exposure
The group has established a financial
framework to ensure that it is able to maintain an appropriate level of liquidity and
financial capacity and to constrain the level of assessed capital at risk for the purposes
of positions taken in financial instruments. Failure to operate within our financial
framework could lead to the group becoming financially distressed leading to a loss of
shareholder value. Commercial credit risk is measured and controlled to determine the
group's total credit risk. Inability to determine adequately our credit exposure could lead
to financial loss. A credit crisis affecting banks and other sectors of the economy could
impact the ability of counterparties to meet their financial obligations to the group. It
could also affect our ability to raise capital to fund growth.
Crude oil prices are generally set in US dollars, while sales of refined products may be in a variety of currencies. Fluctuations in exchange rates can therefore give rise to foreign exchange exposures, with a consequent impact on underlying costs and revenues.
For more information on financial
instruments and financial risk factors see
BP Annual Report and Accounts
2008 - Note 28 on page
142 and Note 34 on page 150.
Compliance and control risks
Regulatory
The oil industry is subject to regulation and intervention by governments throughout the world in such matters as the award of exploration and production interests, the imposition of specific drilling obligations, environmental and health and safety protection controls, controls over the development and decommissioning of a field (including restrictions on production) and, possibly, nationalization, expropriation, cancellation or non-renewal of contract rights. We buy, sell and trade oil and gas products in certain regulated commodity markets. The oil industry is also subject to the payment of royalties and taxation, which tend to be high compared with those payable in respect of other commercial activities, and operates in certain tax jurisdictions that have a degree of uncertainty relating to the interpretation of, and changes to, tax law. As a result of new laws and regulations or other factors, we could be required to curtail or cease certain operations, or we could incur additional costs.
For more information on environmental
regulation, see
BP Annual Report and
Accounts 2008 -
Environment on page 43.
Ethical misconduct and non-compliance
Our code of conduct, which applies to all employees, defines our commitment to integrity, compliance with all applicable legal requirements, high ethical standards and the behaviours and actions we expect of our businesses and people wherever we operate. Incidents of ethical misconduct or non-compliance with applicable laws and regulations could be damaging to our reputation and shareholder value. Multiple events of non-compliance could call into question the integrity of our operations.
For certain legal proceedings involving
the group, see
BP Annual Report and
Accounts 2008 - Legal
proceedings on page 92.
Liabilities and provisions
Changes in the external environment,
such as new laws and regulations, market volatility or other factors, could affect the
adequacy of our provisions for pensions, tax, environmental and legal
liabilities.
Reporting
External reporting of financial and
non-financial data is reliant on the integrity of systems and people. Failure to report
data accurately and in compliance with external standards could result in regulatory
action, legal liability and damage to our reputation.
Operational risks
Process safety
Inherent in our operations are hazards
that require continuous oversight and control. There are risks of technical integrity
failure and loss of containment of hydrocarbons and other hazardous material at operating
sites or pipelines. Failure to manage these risks could result in injury or loss of life,
environmental damage, or loss of production and could result in regulatory action, legal
liability and damage to our reputation.
Top of page 26
Principal risks and uncertainties (continued)
Personal safety
Inability to provide safe environments
for our workforce and the public could lead to injuries or loss of life and could result in
regulatory action, legal liability and damage to our reputation.
Environmental
If we do not apply our resources to
overcome the perceived trade-off between global access to energy and the protection or
improvement of the natural environment, we could fail to live up to our aspirations of no
or minimal damage to the environment and contributing to human progress.
Security
Security threats require continuous
oversight and control. Acts of terrorism against our plants and offices, pipelines,
transportation or computer systems could severely disrupt business and operations and could
cause harm to people.
Product quality
Supplying customers with
on-specification products is critical to maintaining our licence to operate and our
reputation in the marketplace. Failure to meet product quality standards throughout the
value chain could lead to harm to people and the environment and loss of
customers.
Drilling and production
Exploration and production require high
levels of investment and are subject to natural hazards and other uncertainties, including
those relating to the physical characteristics of an oil or natural gas field. The cost of
drilling, completing or operating wells is often uncertain. We may be required to curtail,
delay or cancel drilling operations because of a variety of factors, including unexpected
drilling conditions, pressure or irregularities in geological formations, equipment
failures or accidents, adverse weather conditions and compliance with governmental
requirements.
Transportation
All modes of transportation of
hydrocarbons contain inherent risks. A loss of containment of hydrocarbons and other
hazardous material could occur during transportation by road, rail, sea or pipeline. This
is a significant risk due to the potential impact of a release on the environment and
people and given the high volumes involved.
Major project delivery
Successful execution of our group plan
(see
BP Annual Report and
Accounts
2008,
page 15) depends critically on
implementing the activities to deliver the major projects over the plan period. Poor
delivery of any major project that underpins production growth and/or a major programme
designed to enhance shareholder value could adversely affect our financial
performance.
Digital infrastructure
The reliability and security of our
digital infrastructure are critical to maintaining our business applications availability.
A breach of our digital security could cause serious damage to business operations and, in
some circumstances, could result in injury to people, damage to assets, harm to the
environment and breaches of regulations.
Business continuity and disaster recovery
Contingency plans are required to
continue or recover operations following a disruption or incident. Inability to restore or
replace critical capacity to an agreed level within an agreed timeframe would prolong the
impact of any disruption and could severely affect business and operations.
Crisis management
Crisis management plans and capability
are essential to deal with emergencies at every level of our operations. If we do not
respond or are perceived not to respond in an appropriate manner to either an external or
internal crisis, our business and operations could be severely disrupted.
People and capability
Employee training, development and
successful recruitment of new staff, in particular petroleum engineers and scientists, are
key to implementing our plans. Inability to develop the human capacity and capability
across the organization could jeopardize performance delivery.
Treasury and trading activities
In the normal course of business, we are
subject to operational risk around our treasury and trading activities. Control of these
activities is highly dependent on our ability to process, manage and monitor a large number
of complex transactions across many markets and currencies. Shortcomings or failures in our
systems, risk management methodology, internal control processes or people could lead to
disruption of our business, financial loss, regulatory intervention or damage to our
reputation.
Contacts
London |
|
United States |
||
Press Office |
|
Roddy Kennedy |
Ronnie Chappell |
|
+44 (0)20 7496 4624 |
|
+1 281 366 5174 |
||
Andrew Gowers |
||||
+44 (0)20 7496 4324 |
||||
Investor Relations |
|
Fergus MacLeod |
Rachael MacLean |
|
http://www.bp.com/investors |
+44 (0)20 7496 4717 |
+1 281 366 6766 |
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has
duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly
authorized.
BP p.l.c.
(Registrant)
Dated: 28 July 2009
/s/ D. J. PEARL
..............................
D. J. PEARL
Deputy Company Secretary